JPH0765460B2 - Self-propelled sealed shield machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a shield machine used in civil engineering construction work, and is suitable for a direct hitting shield construction method.

[Conventional technology]

The direct shield method is ECL (Extruded Concrete Linin
g) It is called the construction method, cast-in-place lining method, or direct-cast lining method.Assemble the inner mold foil for lining in the shield tail, place concrete in the void of the face, press the concrete, and shield. The thrust of the jack is driven into the void behind the shield, and in addition to the concrete and the inner formwork that have not been sufficiently hardened or cured, the reaction force is applied to the concrete and the formwork to propel the shield and in parallel with the propulsion. To form a lining.

The direct-hit shield method is a technology that is being developed with the goal of reducing construction costs, further streamlining construction, and making it safer. For example, it was held in the underground hall of the Science Museum on November 13, 1987. At the ECL method research presentation, the direct-hit shield method shown in Fig. 16 was announced.

That is, in the disclosed prior art, as shown in FIG. 16, the shield machine is an abdominal body method consisting of a front body and a rear body, and the shield machine has a shield jack, a press jack, and a reaction force transmission. It is equipped with a jack.

The construction flow is a sequence of excavation → concrete pouring → concrete press → curing. The shield excavation mechanism promotes by applying reaction force to the rear formwork and concrete.
Compaction of concrete is supported by a conventional technique using a vibrator. That is, compaction is performed with a rod-shaped vibrator or a form vibrator. The filling of the tail void with concrete is carried out under pressure from the press.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 17A and 17B, in the open type shield construction method, a means for allowing the shield machine to self-propel is developed. That is, as shown in FIGS. 17A and 17B, multi-divided messels are arranged on the outer periphery of the messell frame, and each messel jack propels them one by one, and the propulsive reaction force is the outer rim of the other messels. It is taken from the frictional force of the surface against the ground, and when all the Messel jacks are propelled by the Messel jacks for a certain length, the Messel frame is moved forward by contracting all the Messel jacks, and the shield machine is repeated by repeating this process. Are being promoted.

Also, as shown in Fig. 18, in the tunnel construction method in the hard rock ground, a slide rail is attached to the main beam shaft, and the gripper beam is moved along the rail by the slide cylinder, and the gripper beam is moved. By extending the jack built into the beam, the reaction force is applied to the natural ground, and the thrust cylinder is extended and propelled while rotating and excavating the cutter head.After a certain length of propulsion, the jack is contracted and the gripper reaction force is applied. The gripper beam is slid forward by retracting and retracting the thrust cylinder, and the method of excavating by repeating this process is also put into practical use.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

As shown in Fig. 16, the shield excavation mechanism applies a reaction force to the rear formwork and concrete, so it takes time for the concrete to harden and cure. If this is not done, excavation will not be possible, and since the concrete being placed is in contact with the ground, hardening of the concrete will take a considerable amount of time due to the effects of groundwater. In addition, since the natural environment changes with the progress of excavation, it is difficult to set conditions such as strength, cracking, workability, placing strength, final hardening strength, heat generation property, etc. for concrete mix, and uniform construction management is difficult. Met.

Therefore, in the technology up to the present, although the development target is all soil quality, it is applicable to the self-supporting ground where the groundwater pressure is ² to 4 kg / cm ² , and can be applied only to the place where the groundwater is very small.
The target daily amount is only 3 m / day at the trial construction stage.

Also, in the self-propelled shield construction method of FIGS. 17A and 17B,
It is an open type, and it is necessary to excavate the Messel blade part by hand or mechanical digging before propelling Messel, and it is applicable only to a specific range of hard soil where groundwater does not spring out. It cannot be applied, and cannot be applied to a sealed shield machine.

Further, in the construction method of FIG. 18, since the excavation is made of hard rock, the gripper reaction force needs to be strong, and it cannot be used in sandy or silt ground, and it is intended for soft ground. It cannot be used in the construction method.

The present invention is to provide a self-propelled function in a hermetically sealed shield machine, thereby solving the problems of these conventional methods all at once.

[Means and Actions for Solving the Problems]

The sealed shield machine is self-propelled by allowing reaction force only on the ground around the entire circumference of the shield machine to cut off the relationship between the promotion of the shield machine and the casting concrete at the rear of the shield machine to remove concrete. It is a direct hit, for example
As shown in FIG. 1B, FIG. 2A, and FIG. 3B, an inner pipe 2, 3, 4 is formed by connecting a plurality of arc plate pieces 1a to 1f in which a shield outer pipe 1 is divided in a circumferential direction so as to be slidable with respect to each other. The resistance frame 6 is arranged inside the inner pipe so as to be slidable back and forth, the frame 6 and the shield inner pipe are connected by the shield propulsion means J ₃ , and the resistance frame 6 is provided with a large number of grippers 67C. The self-propelled sealed shield machine is installed so that it can be controlled to project from and retract from the shield outer tube 1, and each arc plate piece alternately and sequentially propels the ground plate as a reaction force.

Therefore, the reaction force of the shield machine is applied only to the ground,
Since no reaction force is applied to the direct-cast concrete at the rear of the shield machine, there is no need to wait for the direct-cast concrete to harden, and there is no adverse effect of pressure on insufficiently hardened concrete, as designed. The concrete pouring with sufficient strength can be carried out quickly without waiting for the hardening time.

In addition, when a waterproof sheet is extended from the rear part of the shield machine along the natural ground to perform concrete pouring while blocking groundwater from the natural ground, the adverse effect of groundwater on direct-cast concrete can be an element. Furthermore, when water is vacuum sucked from the concrete that has been directly cast using the vacuum concrete formwork apparatus, the early strength and independence of the concrete are accelerated, and high quality concrete can be quickly achieved.

Further, the present invention is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B,
The shield outer tube 1 is configured in a form in which a plurality of arc plate pieces 1a to 1f are continuously connected to the entire outer circumference of the shield inner tube 2 in a mutually slidable manner, and each arc plate piece is sequentially grounded one by one. Since the reaction force is used to advance, sufficient self-propelled reaction force can be obtained by the frictional resistance of the arc plate piece in a stationary state even on soft ground.

Further, when the shield machine body is divided into a front body portion A and a rear body portion B and both are connected by a plurality of expansion and contraction connecting means,
Not only the bending progress in the ground is possible, but the transmission of mechanical vibration of the front body A to the direct-cast concrete behind the rear body B is reduced or prevented by the connecting means, and the adverse effect on the direct-cast concrete is prevented. I can.

Further, when a drill for advancing is arranged in the front part of each arc plate piece, it is possible to satisfactorily self-propelled even in a considerably hard soil condition.

In addition, a self-propelled sealed shield digging method in which a waterproof sheet enclosing device is applied to the rear trunk portion B, and vacuum suction means is applied to the inner circumference of the rear trunk portion, the surface of the spreader face plate for concrete filling, and the mold surface. When hitting directly with a machine, a water-stop sheet can be continuously supplied and the sheet can be supplied in contact with the inner circumference of the rear body part, and groundwater from the ground can be suitably blocked,
Moisture in direct-pressed concrete can be removed by suction, and the early strength and independence of concrete can be improved, and the daily advance amount of the shield machine can be further increased.

In addition, a vacuum space is formed by a skin plate having a ventilation slit on the outer surface and a vacuum plate on the inner surface, and a porous layer permeable only to water, such as a porous ceramic layer, is additionally provided on the surface of the skin plate. The vacuum concrete formwork device in which the vacuum space is connected to the vacuum pump via the water separation tank can conveniently perform vacuum concrete pouring with good water suction, and in the direct-pressing method of the present invention, high strength, Increases independence, and can achieve early curing and curing appropriately.

〔Example〕

Example 1, (Figs. 1A to 14C) The self-propelled closed type direct-drive shield excavator used in the present invention is a mud pressure type, and the soil is a gravel layer with a water pressure of 1.5 kg / cm ² , and the maximum gravel diameter.
The test was conducted under the conditions of 150 mm, dynamic earth pressure 1.8 kg / cm ² , passive earth pressure 2.6 kg / cm ² , and shield outer diameter 3 m.

The schematic structure of the shield machine is a two-part form of a front body part and a rear body part, and the front body part has six arc plate pieces equipped with a drill for self-propelling and encloses the shield machine inner pipe. The inner pipe of the shield machine has a structure with a normal earth pressure type earth removal mechanism. The inner tube has a built-in cutter face, jack for propelling arc plates, and a motor for driving the cutter face.The rear body is equipped with a vacuum concrete press jack and an erector device for formwork assembly. Has a tapered surface that expands backward. In addition, the rear body is equipped with a waterproof sheet enclosing device and a waterproof sheet adsorbing device at the concrete pouring portion. The inner tube is equipped with a self-propelled resistance frame. In the vicinity of the rear body, there is a formwork device and a set of vacuum machines for pouring vacuum concrete.

〔Construction〕

(I). Shield machine main body: As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the front body part A has an outer diameter of 3000 mm and a length of 5300 mm, and the rear body part B has an outer diameter of 3000 mm and a length of 1500 mm. The body A is composed of a first inner pipe 2, a second inner pipe 3, a third inner pipe 4 (FIG. 2A) and an outer pipe 1, and as shown in FIG. Between the end of the inner peripheral surface of the inner pipe 4 and the inner peripheral surface of the front edge of the cylinder 5 of the rear body B, the main body of the jack J ₄ is on the inner pipe 4 side, and the tip of the piston of the jack J ₄ is on the inner pipe 4 side. A flexible ring consisting of a urethane seal fixed to the mounting piece 52 inside the paragraph edge 51 and interconnected with _four jacks J ₄ at equal intervals on the inner peripheral surface and fixed to the outer periphery of the end of the inner pipe 4. Obi 49
Covers the outer periphery of the paragraph 51 of the rear body cylinder 5 slidably.

(B). Outer tube of front body of shield machine: As shown in FIGS. 3A to 3E, and FIGS. 1A and 1B,
Arc plate piece 1a, 2nd arc plate piece 1b, 3rd, 1c, 4th, 1d, 2nd
There are 6 pieces of 5,1e and 6th and 1f, the first is 5 drills, the 2nd
5 is equipped with 6 drills and 6 is equipped with 7 drills in an alternating arrangement of long drills D ₁ and short drills D ₂ . In each piece, the front edge 12 is two plates for supporting the drills D ₁ and D ₂ , the rear edge is the supporting piece 13, the side plate 11 is provided, and the opening portion O is partitioned by the partition wall 14.
A drill storage box B having A long drill D ₁ and a short drill D ₂ having a cutter Z at the tip are alternately housed in the box B, and the drill recess 10 is supported by the drill bearing portions 12a and 12b via the roller bearing 12C (7th
(Figs. A and 7B), again the front edge 12 of the two plates for supporting the drills D ₁ and D ₂ ,
And is closed and supported by a lid plate 15 having a side plate 11. The drill gear G ₁ is exposed to the inner surface from the open portion O by the facet n ₁₄ of the partition wall 14, and the drill base end E is always attached in the outer circumferential direction of the arc plate piece by the leaf spring SP provided on the facing surface of the support piece 13. It is energized. In addition, each piece has a button jack base 1 with a built-in button jack J ₁₈ on the inner surface of the center.
8a and button rack R ₁ consisting of rearward sloping mountains on both sides of the inner surface
The locking means consisting of the arc plate button 18b provided with is fixed so as to cooperate with the resistance frame 6 described later (3E).
(Fig.) On both sides of the arc plate button of the piece, there are rectangular openings h ₁ and h ₁ ′ for protruding the gripper 67c described later, and there are shallow and long notches n _{1 on} both side edges of the piece, and the front edge of the piece On both sides, the joint slide part 16a and the male joint 16, respectively.
A female joint 17 surrounded by the female guard 17a is formed. Then, the male joint 16 and the female joint 17 of each arc plate piece are engaged with each other to form the outer tube 1, and a guide elongated hole is formed between the pieces by the notch n ₁ facing each other, and the elongated groove is formed. A later-described arc plate piece pressing piece 44 is supported as a guide.

(C). Inner pipe of front body of shield machine: As shown in FIGS. 2A to 2D and FIG. 1B, the first inner pipe 2 has a cutter face 21 having a normal opening 22 and a blade 23.
And open rear length 1300mm, outer diameter 2390mm, wall thickness 20mm
And consists of the cylindrical portion 20., the cylinder length substantially middle portion, the drill drive gear G ₂ for engagement with Dorirugia G ₁ of the drill D _1, D ₂ in the outer periphery, the inner peripheral inner tube Shield gears G ₂₀ for rotating 2 are respectively arranged over the entire circumference.

The second inner pipe 3 has an outer diameter of 2340 mm and a width of 15 which can fit inside the inner pipe 2.
A ring-shaped chamber inlet 31 with a thickness of 0 mm and a thickness of 30 mm, a jaw portion 32, and a conveying screw tube 33 containing a conventional conveying screw are connected to each other, and the outer diameter is 1960 mm and the body length is 1650.
mm, 15 mm thick support cylinder 30 is fixed to the outside of the jaw portion 32, and a shield jack reaction plate with a height of 200 mm and a width of 100 mm is provided around the outer periphery of the center of the support cylinder 30. 35 are erected. Further, a shield motor provided with a gear G ₃ for rotating the inner pipe 2 at the front end of the reaction plate 35 on the outer periphery of the support body 30 via a motor base 34 so as to mesh with the shield gear G _20. M ₃ is a rear portion of the reaction force plate 35, the shield jack J ₃ through the jack stand 36, Yes and four fixed respectively at equal intervals, the base of shield jacks J ₃ is the reactive force plate 35, the The head 37 is fixed to the resistance frame 6 described later.

Further, the third inner pipe 4 is a succeeding structure of the first inner pipe 2 and the second inner pipe 3 as shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 1B, and has an outer diameter of 2920 mm and a length of 3200 mm. At the front end of the cylindrical body 40 with a wall thickness of 20 mm,
The outer diameter is 2920 mm, the inner diameter is 2120 mm, and the wall thickness is 20 mm.A donut-shaped connecting plate 41 is fixed.The connecting plate 41 has a notch C ₄ for passing a shield jack J ₃ and an arc plate piece propelling jack J described later. Yes and the _first rod insertion hole O ₄₁ is formed by bearing body 30 of the second inner tube 3 is fitted in the circular hole O ₄ of the connecting plate 41,
A connecting plate 41 is fixed on the support cylinder 30.

Further, on the surface of the cylindrical body 40, the openings of the arc plate pieces 1a to 1f are formed.
Rectangular opening h for protruding gripper corresponding to h ₁ , h ₁ ′
₄ and h ₄ ′ and a rectangular opening h ₄₀ that penetrates the arc plate button 19 in the central portion of both holes and having the same size and parallel to the front hole h ₄ are opened, and the boundary of each arc plate piece The position corresponding to
The arc plate piece pressing piece 44 is arranged via a leg piece 45 protruding from the guide elongated hole formed by the notch n ₁ of each piece, and the friction bar 43 for sliding friction of the arc plate piece is parallel to the cylinder body at a proper position. ,
Moreover, it is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the inner pipe 4. Also, the cylindrical body
A concrete press jack to be described later is provided on the inner periphery of the rear part of 40.
Six J ₇ are fixed at equal intervals, a donut-shaped spreader substrate 7 is fixed to the head of the jack J ₇ over the entire circumference of the shield machine, and a resistance frame described later is provided in the center of the cylindrical body 40. 6 is inserted so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction.

(D). Resistance frame: As shown in FIGS. 8A to 8D, 9A, 9B, and 1B, a donut-shaped front ring 61 having an outer diameter of 2875 mm, an inner diameter of 1675 mm, and a wall thickness of 100 mm, and an outer diameter of 2875 mm, an inner diameter. 2675mm, wall thickness 100m
It is a m-shaped donut-shaped disc with 100 mm length and width
Each of the resistance beams 64 of 700 mm long H-shaped steel consisting of the upper plate 64 ′, the legs 64 ″, and the substrate 64 is provided between the rear ring 62, which is formed by projecting twelve stands 63 having a height of 100 mm and a height of 200 m. Each stand 6
Fix it so that it is flush with the board 3 of each resistance beam 64
The front gripper guide box 67a to the inner surface of the front ring 61 and the rear gripper box 67a to the inner surface of the substrate 64 and the rear ring 62 are alternately fixed back and forth, and both sides of each box 67a are respectively front. The support bars 65a and 65b fixed between the partial ring 61 and the rear ring 62 support each other. To the side surface of the support bar 65b and the side surface of the support bar 65a, the rack bars 66a and 66b provided with the button rack R ₆ composed of the forward tilting mountain are fixed to the inner surface, and the respective arc plate pieces of the arc plate pieces are passed through the space between the rack bars. The arcuate button 18b is projected, and the button racks R ₁ on both sides of the inner surface of the arcuate button engage and disengage from the racks R ₆ of the rack bars 66a, 66b on both sides by the expansion and contraction of the button jack J ₁₈ . Also, each gripper box
67a has a gripper jack 67b
67c is mounted so that it can appear and disappear from the resistance frame 6 to the outside. The tip of the gripper 67c is cut backward at an angle of 45 °, and has a shape that facilitates penetration into the ground and increases reaction force resistance in the ground.

In addition, each gripper box 67a of the resistance frame 6 is
Opening of the inner tube 4 of the respective polymerized form h ₄ and the opening of the arc plate piece
h ₁ or the opening h ₄ ′ of the inner tube 4 and the opening of the arc plate piece
h ₁ ′, a blind plate 68 is slidably interposed between the inner tube 4 and the arc plate piece of each opening overlapping portion as shown in FIG. Aperture O ₆ formed by 68a
The gripper 67c appears and disappears.

In addition, on the front surface of the front ring 61 of the resistance frame 6, the 1B
As shown in the figure, the base end of the arc plate piece propelling jack J ₁ corresponding to each arc plate piece is fixed, and the rod of the jack J ₁ projects through the insertion hole O ₄ of the inner pipe 4 and is at the front end thereof. The pressing plate 19a is fixed, and from the pressing plate 19a, as shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIGS. A and 7B, a holding piece 19b having a curved surface for holding the drill base end E is provided correspondingly to each drill, and
A camber 19c having a taper for lifting the drill base end is continuously provided at the tip of each embracing piece, and the jack J ₁ extends to allow the camber 19c to scoop up the drill base end E,
When the base end E presses the leaf spring SP, the drill gear G ₁ meshes with the drill drive gear G _2, and the jack J ₁ extends to push the pressing plate.
19a is configured to push the drill base end E forward. Furthermore the front surface of the front ring 61 Yes to shield jacks J ₃ head 37 is fixed, reaction force plate 35 of the second inner tube 3 a resistor frame 6 as a reaction force if extension Shirudojikki J ₃
It is configured to push out.

(E). Sheet feeding structure: As shown in FIGS. 10A, 10B, 11A, 11B, 12A, and 12B, ten sheet wrapping devices are arranged on the inner circumference of the front end portion of the rear body cylinder 5. Seat wrapping device, width 150 mm, length 2
Leg plate 53 'for mounting the support plate 53 with an L-shaped cross section of 00 mm and a height of 70 mm
Is fixed to the cylinder 5, and a shaft support portion 54 having a C-shaped cross section having a guide notch 54 'is provided at the rear end of the support plate 53.
An opening / closing plate 58 curved in an arc shape so that the front end abuts and guides the sheet is projected by a connecting piece 57, and a shaft 56 with a locking pin P is fitted and supported, and the plate 58 is opened. A Z-shaped groove 55 having a locking portion 55 'for holding the pin P in both states is provided so that the pin P can be held in the closed state. Further, a thin porous ceramic layer 50 is additionally provided on the entire inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 5 and from the rear end of the wrapping device to the substantially rear end of the rear body portion.
Vacuum suction grooves 59 are provided at the back of the ceramic layer 50 at appropriate intervals, and the grooves 59 are connected to a vacuum pump P _V via a conduit l ₅ . Then, with all the opening and closing plates of the wrapping device open, fold and push in a long tubular plastic film sheet (vinyl sheet) having a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the shield machine, and push it in. Is welded to the rear end of the previous seat, and then the opening / closing plate 58 is closed.

(F). Concrete press structure: Stroke length 1000mm as shown in Fig. 13B and Fig. 1B
The concrete press jack J ₇ is a cylindrical body 5 of the rear body part B.
Six fixed on the inner circumference of the rear end at equal intervals. The jack J _{7 has} a piston rod tip with a wall thickness of 50 mm and an outer diameter of 2860 mm.
A donut-shaped spreader board 7 having an inner diameter of 2460 mm is fixed, and a donut-shaped middle board 71 having an H-shaped cross section and 20 mm deep sliding guide grooves g is fixed on the outer surface of the spreader board 7. Further, a doughnut-shaped spreader face plate 72 having a thickness of 30 mm and the same size as the substrate 7 is fixed to the outer face of the middle substrate, and a porous ceramic layer 70 is attached to the outer face of the face plate 72. There is. On the inner and outer circumferences of the middle substrate 71, slide rings 73, 73 'which are slidably guided by the inner and outer circumference grooves g are arranged by a ring jack J _{71 in} the form of split pieces so that they can be retracted. 73 '
Reinforcing bar holes h ₇ through which force distributing muscles 9 can be inserted when each is extended outward and inward by each jack J ₇₁ are drilled in each ring segment, and a vacuum is applied to the contact surface of the face plate 72 with the ceramic layer. The 79 groups of grooves are connected vertically and horizontally, and the vacuum grooves are conduits.
It is in contact with the vacuum pump P _V via the water separation tank t by l ₇ .

(G). Vacuum Formwork Device: The vacuum formwork device is an ordinary circular formwork for tunnels with a vacuum concrete device attached. Form 8 has an outer diameter of 2360 mm
The ring is divided into five, and each divided ring has a length of 1 m. As shown in FIG. 13A, each divided form has a porous ceramic layer 89 with an effective diameter of 5 microns attached to the outer surface of the skin plate 81. The skin plate 81 has a circle of 200 mm pitch in the front-back direction of the shield. Circumferential length 150
A slit 88 of mm is arranged with a slit width of 200 microns, and a non-breathable vacuum plate 82 is sealed at a distance of 5 mm from the skin plate 81 to form a vacuum space 83. Further, a concrete pouring port 85 is provided at an appropriate place on the skin plate 81 having the ceramics layer 89 on the surface, and each pouring port 85 is configured to be connectable by the concrete pump P _c and the pipe 86. A suction connecting pipe 84 is also connected to the vacuum space 83, and each connecting pipe 84 is connected to a vacuum pump P _V by a conduit 1 via a water separation tank t.

(H). Reinforcing bar: As shown in FIGS. 14A, 14B, and 14C, it consists of an external spiral muscle 94, an internal spiral muscle 96, and a force distributing muscle 9. The force distribution bar 9 is a 10 mm diameter deformed section iron bar having a protruding rib 91, and a connecting piece 92 having a protruding section 93 corresponding to the rib 91 having a C-shaped cross section is fitted to both ends of the force distributing bar 9. And one-touch connection is possible. The external spiral muscle 94 is a bundle of 63 m and has hooks 95 at both ends, and the spiral diameter is 2900 mm.The internal spiral muscle 96 is a bundle of 58 m and has hooks 97 at both ends, and the spiral diameter is 2420 m.
m, and both spiral muscles are made of iron wire with a diameter of 3 mm.

[Work]

(I). Propulsion of self-propelled shield machine: Shield motor M ₃ rotates when operation starts, and motor M ₃
The first inner pipe 2 also rotates due to the meshing of the gear G ₃ with the shield gear G ₂₀ of the first inner pipe 2, and the drill drive gear G ₂ also rotates. Next, in the resistance frame 6, all grippers 67c corresponding to all arc plate pieces other than the first arc plate piece 1a are extended to the corresponding gripper jacks 67b so that the grip openings h ₁ , h ₁ ′ of each arc plate piece are extended. While rushing into the ground from the above, the respective button jacks J ₁₈ are expanded / contracted to press the rack R ₁ on the inner surface of the arc plate button of each arc plate piece into pressure engagement with the rack R _{6 of the} resistance frame. With all the arc plate pieces, the frictional resistance to the ground on the outer peripheral surface and the frictional resistance of the gripper 67c plunging into the ground were obtained,
The propulsion jack J _{1 of} the first arc plate piece 1a is retracted by contracting the gripper 67c of the arc plate piece 1a and releasing the arc plate button 18b.
The resistance frame 6 is extended as a reaction force. As the jack J ₁ extends the rod forward, each camber 19c at the tip of the jack scoops up each drill base end E, and the drills D ₁ and D ₂ press the leaf spring SP (Fig. 7B) to move inside the shield machine. The drill gear G ₀ is displaced in the circumferential direction, and the drill drive gear G ₂ on the outer circumference of the inner pipe ₂
The first arc plate piece 1a is engaged to start rotating each of the drills D ₁ and D ₂ and then the jack J ₁ is intermittently extended so that the holding piece 19b holds the drill base end E and the drill tip The cutter Z propels the first arc plate piece 1a forward while cutting the ground. The set extension of jack J ₁ is 50 for arc plate pieces.
cm It is designed to be extruded. After the completion of the propulsion of the first arc plate piece 1a, the two grippers 67c of the first arc plate piece 1a
And with projecting land mountains by extension of the corresponding gripper jack 67b, engaged pressing engagement with the rack R ₁ arc plate buttons 18b to contract the button jack J ₁₈ to the rack R ₆ of the resistor frame 6, corresponding Contract the jack J ₁ to piece 1a
Disengaged from the drill drive gear G by the action of the Dorirugia G ₁ leaf spring SP of the drill D _1, D _2.

Then, the second arc plate piece 1b extends the button jack J ₁₈ to disengage the rack R ₁ of the arc plate button 18b and the rack R ₆ of the resistance frame, and at the same time, the gripper jack 67b.
To retract the gripper 67c of the piece 1b from the surface of the arc plate piece 1b, and then extend the propulsion jack J ₁ of the second arc plate piece 1b, and drill as in the case of the first arc plate piece 1a.
While rotating D ₁ and D ₂ , the piece 1b is propelled at the same level as the piece 1a. By repeating the following steps, the peripheral surface friction and the gripper friction of all the pieces other than the propulsion arc plate pieces are used as reaction forces to propel the arc plate pieces one by one to reach the same position of all six arc plate pieces. Complete the promotion.

The next inner pipe (2,3,4) excavation propulsion is all arc plate pieces 1a ~ 1f
After the completion of the propulsion of all gripper 67c all arc version piece 1
projecting land mountains from a~1f surface and the button rack R ₁ of the total arc plate piece engages with the rack R ₆ of the resistor frame 6, friction against the natural ground of the entire peripheral surface of the total arc plate piece, that the outer tube With the resistance and the frictional resistance to the ground of all the grippers 67c group, the resistance frame 6 is used as a reaction force to extend the four shield jacks J ₃ , and the inner face is propelled (500 mm) and the cutter face 21 at the same time. The rock is also excavated.

After excavation of the outer pipe (all arc plate pieces) and the inner pipe, all grip jacks 67b are contracted to immerse all grippers 67c, and all button jacks J ₁₈ are extended to expand all arc plate buttons 18b. With the button rack R ₁ removed from the resistance frame rack R ₆ , all the shield jacks J ₃ are contracted, and the resistance frame 6 is pulled forward in the inner pipe 4 to complete one-step self-propelled process of the shield machine. Promotion is complete.

Since the rear trunk is connected to the inner pipe ₄ by _four jacks J _4, by operating each jack J ₄ as necessary when propelling the inner pipe, the shield machine can freely move in a meandering direction. Is possible.

In addition, a blind plate 68 is provided between the outer pipe (arc plate piece) and the inner pipe 4.
There is interposed slidably, because it is and fitted into the gripper 67c in the opening O ₆ having upstanding edge 68a, the shield machine of the gripper stored portion other than the opening _{(h 1, h 1 ',} h 4,
h ₄ ′) The space is always closed to prevent the inflow of earth and sand from the opening space into the shield machine when the shield machine is self-propelled.

If the soil is soft, such as sand or muddy, the gripper 67
It is possible to take the frictional reaction force for propulsion only with the arc plate piece without making c rush into the ground.

(B). Concrete staking: After self-propelling the shield machine, the outer spiral muscle 94 and the inner spiral muscle 96 between the outer and inner force distribution muscles 9 coming out from the already completed portion of the concrete smashing in the void behind the rear trunk.
The intervention of the bundle, after projecting the extend the ring jack J ₇₁ in the middle substrate 71 to the set position the divided slide ring 73, 73 'to the outer periphery and the inner periphery, the ring one end of the new internal and external distribution force muscle inserted through the reinforcing bar holes h ₇ of 73 ', then the other end butted to the end of the old distribution force muscle 9, mating portion and one-touch connected by a connecting member 92 attached, each new spiral muscle also end hook 95,97
After engaging with the end hook of the old spiral muscle, unraveling the bundle of each spiral muscle and naturally expanding to a pitch of about 10 cm, and after assembling the vacuum concrete formwork together with the conventional erector (13A
Figure), under conditions to prevent the inflow of water from the natural ground in waterproofing sheet F ₁ extending from the sheet embrace apparatus, the concrete pump P _C, fine aggregate ratio S / A = 41.4%, Cement Quantity C
= 320 kg / m ³ , water cement ratio W / C = 50.3, maximum coarse aggregate diameter 10 m
m, design strength σ ₂₈ = 210 kg / cm ² , concrete mixed with slump 16 cm was poured, and concrete press jack
The J ₇ is extended to press the concrete C through the spreader face plate 72, and at the same time, the water in the concrete is sucked out from the fine pores of the ceramic layer of the spreader face plate 72 surface and the skin plate 81 surface by the action of the vacuum pump P _V. And remove it into the water separation tank t. Further, the water blocking sheet F ₁ having a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the shield supplied from the folding sheet F ₀ in the sheet holding device is also a vacuum suction groove 59 through the porous ceramic layer 50 on the inner rear surface of the cylinder 5. Since it is adsorbed on the inner surface of the cylinder 5, water can be prevented from flowing into the cast concrete from the ground without hindering the concrete pouring work, and the concrete can be vacuum-poured more effectively. Also, the tapered surface S on the inner circumference of the rear end of the rear barrel
(Figs. 13A and 13B) exerts a non-returning flight action against the outflow of the poured concrete C to the front, that is, the pouring side due to the natural pressure.

(C). Relationship between self-propelled shield machine and direct-drilling concrete work: One cycle of construction flow is as follows.

That is, in the work of propulsion of shield machine, the above-mentioned flow A part and flow B part are the same, and the resistance frame pulling work (15 minutes), arc plate piece propulsion work (30 minutes), inner pipe propulsion work And a digging work (15 minutes), one cycle consisting of 2 parts A and B
Each cycle requires one hour, and a propulsion length of 500 m
m. For direct concrete work, formwork of 1 m formwork and rebar work (30 minutes), concrete placing work (10 minutes), concrete press work and vacuum concrete work (20 minutes),
Consists of the above flow A part for placing concrete of 500 mm in length in 1 hour, and the need for formwork deframerization instead of formwork 1 hour, 500 mm
One cycle is formed with the flow B part for placing long concrete. That is, the construction flow consists of one cycle for the A section and the B section, and one cycle requires 2 hours and is propelled for 1 m. The work time of the concrete press work and the vacuum concrete work at the part B is 35 minutes because the mold deframer work is added. Also, since one formwork is 1 m long and consists of two steps, Flow A and B, the casting concrete in Flow A has a slightly insufficient vacuum action time (20 minutes However, since it is also affected by the concrete press work and the vacuum concrete work in the flow B part, there is no problem in imparting early strength and self-supporting property.

In addition, the shield machine itself is self-propelled by taking a reaction force only on the ground, that is, unlike the conventional machine, the shield machine does not take a reaction force to the press pressure of the direct concrete on the rear side + the formwork. Therefore, the hardening of the cast concrete that follows,
Regardless of curing, it is possible to dig and accelerate construction.

[Effect]

(I). Front body A of the shield machine and center-bending rear body B
Since and were connected by a variable hydraulic jack, there was no adverse effect on the placing concrete such as vibration and meandering of the shield machine main body. In addition, the shield machine can be freely bent by operating the gripper and arc plate piece when propelling the arc plate piece, and it was possible to bend with a radius of curvature of 80 m.

(B). For cast concrete, it is compacted by the press pressure of the press jack, and the excess water and air are immediately sucked and removed by the vacuum device on the surface of the spreader and the vacuum concrete formwork device, making the concrete workable. Therefore, even if the amount of water is increased, it is not necessary to increase the amount of cement according to the slump. In addition, since excess water and air in the concrete are removed from the time of placing the concrete with a vacuum device and a press device, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a difference in concrete quality between the upper part and the lower part, which is related to the placing height. Since the separating action of (aggregate, cement, water) does not occur and it is hardened in the mixing state of the poured concrete, it is of uniform quality and has high fastness, self-supporting property and filling property, and concrete is poured. We were able to secure uniform quality and strength regardless of height. Therefore, it is possible to ensure uniform quality and to secure stable concrete quality. Therefore, the safety ratio between the final set strength δ and the concrete design strength σ ₂₈ Economic design was achieved by lowering. In other words, increasing the amount of water to ensure workability, reducing the amount of cement (water cement ratio W / C = 50.3) to improve economic efficiency, and controlling the maximum coarse aggregate size to 10 mm diameter. Improve the fluidity, make the slump 16 cm and make it workable,
An economical mix of is possible due to the vacuum concrete pouring. The vacuum concrete formwork equipment maximizes the self-propelled function of the shield machine when it is adopted in the self-propelled direct-type shield construction method because it has the function of enhancing the early strength and independence of the poured concrete. It is effective for efficiency, but it is obvious to those skilled in the art that it is effective for other construction methods in view of its function.

(C). Since a cylindrical water stop sheet (vinyl sheet) of the outer diameter of the shield machine + α size is supplied according to the concrete pouring, it is widely used from soft soil of 4 kg / cm ² groundwater pressure to gravel soil and soft rock layer. Soil can be targeted for construction, and the hardening effect of concrete is not affected by groundwater and harmful substances contained in the ground.
Therefore, there is no need to consider the deterioration of quality, and the placement height can be calculated as the effective height, and even under any soil condition, uniform concrete can be placed under the same dark strength and curing management can be performed. In addition, the waterproof sheet embedded even after the completion of construction prevented water from leaking from concrete cracks. For earth pressure and water pressure, by changing the concrete pouring pressure and using the check valve effect on the taper surface of the rear trunk of the shield machine, construction can be sufficiently counteracted. , This shield machine can be used as a wide range of target models.

(D). Construction speed is 0.5m length, 30 minutes for arc plate piece propulsion,
The inner tube (main body) can be propelled in 15 minutes, the resistance frame can be pulled in in 15 minutes, and the 1m propulsion can be completed in 2 hours. Within that time, the rebar and the formwork are assembled (30 minutes) and the concrete is placed (10 minutes). ), Concrete press and vacuum concrete (20 minutes) will be carried out, taking into account the time such as new insertion of water-stop sheet, welding connection, pit cleaning, inspection before the start, etc., 4 m in the daytime, 8 m for day and night work Construction was possible and the daily advance amount could be increased by 2 to 3 times compared to the current segment method.

Example 2. (Fig. 15) As shown in Fig. 15, in the shield machine of Example 1, the drill was removed from each arc plate piece, and the group of arc plate pieces was attached to the rear portion of the cutter face 21 and the rear body 5. It is a form that selectively advances between and.

Since the drill-related mechanism was omitted compared to Example 1, the front body part A
Was made short. Therefore, it is suitable for construction in soft soil, and since the machine length is short, the construction curvature can be made small, and the effects of (a), (b), (c), and (d) in Example 1 can be achieved. The purpose of the period was achieved.

〔The invention's effect〕

In the direct-hit shield construction method using the self-propelled sealed shield machine of the present invention, the sealed shield machine propelling while directly striking the concrete from the rear part takes the reaction force to the ground of the entire outer circumference and propels the concrete. Since the reaction force for propulsion is not applied to the formwork and the placed concrete, the relationship between the propulsion of the shield machine and the precast concrete can be cut off. There is no need to wait for the time for hardening and strength of the concrete, and if the concrete is self-supporting, you can remove the formwork and proceed with the construction, so you can achieve a revolutionary increase in the daily progress amount,
There is no worry of degrading the quality of direct-cast concrete.

Further, since the shield machine is a closed type, it can be applied to soft soil and can effectively obtain a reaction force against the natural ground from the entire circumferential surface of the shield machine. Further, since the outer tube of the shield machine is a plurality of arc plate pieces, each arc plate piece can sequentially and smoothly be propelled by using the ground resistance received by the other arc-shaped pieces as a reaction force.

In addition, since the direct-cast concrete does not receive the reaction force for propelling the shield machine, uniform hardening and curing can be obtained under a constant condition that only the natural pressure is applied. As a result, it is of uniform quality having significantly superior strength.

Further, when the water blocking sheet is laid out along the ground from the rear trunk of the shield machine and concrete is laid, it is possible to improve the early strength and quality of the directly laid concrete without being affected by groundwater.

In addition, the use of vacuum concrete formwork improves the fastness and self-sustainability with uniform quality, enables economical design of concrete mix, and speeds up the construction in cooperation with self-propelled shield machine. Can be achieved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1A is an overall perspective view of the shield machine of the present invention.
FIG. 1B is a vertical side view thereof, and FIG. 1C is an enlarged view of a portion C in FIG. 1B. FIG. 2A is an exploded perspective view of the inner pipe, and FIGS. 2B, 2C, and 2D are explanatory views of a related structure of the inner pipe. FIG. 3A is an explanatory view of the outer tube arrangement in the embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 3B is a perspective view in which the outer tube is disassembled into each arc plate piece,
FIG. 3C is an inner perspective view of the arc plate piece, FIG. 3D is a divided perspective view of the arc plate piece, and FIG. 3E is an enlarged view of a portion E of FIG. 3C. 4 is a perspective view of the third inner tube, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view of FIG.
FIG. Figure 6 is a arc plate piece propulsion jacks plan view, Figure 7A is a cross sectional view showing a state in which the arc plate piece propulsion jacks has meshed with Dorirugia G ₁ to the drill drive gear G _2, Figure 7B is Dorirugia G ₁ FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which is separated from the drill drive gear G ₂ . FIG. 8A is a perspective view of the entire resistance frame, FIG. 8B is a partial perspective view of the inside of the resistance frame, FIG. 8C is an exploded perspective view of the resistance frame, and FIG. 8D is a partial cross-sectional view of the resistance frame. . FIG. 9A is an explanatory view of the relationship structure between the blind plate and the resistance frame, and FIG. 9B is a perspective view of the blind plate. FIG. 10A is an explanatory view of the arrangement state of the seat wrapping device,
10B is a sectional view of the seat wrapping device, FIG. 10C is a plan view of the seat wrapping device, FIG. 11A is a perspective view of the seat wrapping device, and FIG. 11B is an exploded perspective view of the seat wrapping device. Is. FIG. 12A is a sectional view of the sheet feeding state, and FIG. 12B is a plan view of the sheet feeding state. FIG. 13A is a sectional view of the vacuum formwork apparatus, and FIG. 13B is a sectional view of the concrete press jack, showing a contracted state and an extended state of the jack. FIG. 14A is a perspective view of the external spiral muscle, FIG. 14B is a perspective view of the internal spiral muscle, and FIG. 14C is a perspective view of the connecting muscles in a connected state. FIG. 15 is a schematic vertical sectional side view of a second embodiment of the shield machine of the present invention. FIG. 16 is a vertical sectional side view of a conventional hermetically sealed shield machine for direct casting, and FIG. 17A is a schematic vertical sectional view of a conventional self-propelled open type shield machine, taken along line AA of FIG. 17B. FIG. 17B is a schematic front view of the same. FIG. 18 is a schematic perspective view of an open shield machine equipped with a conventional gripper. 1,1 '... Outer tube, 1a-1f ... Arc plate piece, 11 ... Side plate, 12 ... Leading edge, 12, 12b ... Bearing part, 13 ... Bearing piece, 14 ... Partition wall, 15 ... … Lid plate, 16 …… Male joint, 16a …… Joint slide part, 17 …… Female joint, 17a… Female guard, 18a …… Button jack base, 18b… Arc plate button, 19a… Press plate, 19b… … Holding piece, 19c …… Camber, 2 …… First inner tube, 20 …… Cylinder part, 21 …… Cutter face, 22… Opening part, 23 …… Blade, 3 …… Second inner tube, 30 …… Support cylinder, 31 …… Chamber receptacle, 32 …… Jaw part, 33 …… Conveyor screw tube, 34 …… Motor stand, 35 …… Shield jack reaction force plate, 36 …… Jack stand, 37… … Jack head, 4 …… Third inner tube, 40 …… Cylinder, 41 …… Coupling plate, 43 …… Friction bar, 44 …… Arche plate presser piece, 45 …… Leg piece, 49 …… Ring Obi, 5 …… Cylindrical cylinder, 50 …… Sera Mix layer, 51 ... Paragraph edge, 52 ... Mounting piece, 53 ... Support plate, 53 '... Leg plate, 54 ... Shaft support section, 54' ... Guide notch, 55 ... Z-shaped groove, 55 ' …… Locking part, 56 …… Axis, 57 …… Coupling piece, 58 …… Opening / closing plate, 59 …… Vacuum suction groove, 6 …… Resistance frame, 61 …… Front ring, 62 …… Rear ring, 63 ...... Stand, 64 ...... Resistance beam, 65a, 65b ...... Support bar, 66a, 66b ...... Rack bar, 67a ...... Gripper box, 67b ...... Gripper jack, 67c ...... Gripper, 68 ...... Drag board, 68a ...... Erecting edge, 70 …… Ceramic layer, 7 …… Spreader substrate, 71 …… Medium substrate, 72 …… Spreader face plate, 73,73 ′ …… Slide ring, 79 …… Vacuum groove, 8 …… Form frame, 81 …… Skin plate, 82 …… Vacuum plate, 83 …… Vacuum space, 84 …… Connection pipe, 85 …… Concrete pouring port, 86 …… Pipe, 8 8 …… Slit, 89 …… Ceramics layer, 9 …… Distributing bar, 91 …… Projecting rib, 92 …… Coupling piece, 93 …… Projecting part, 94 …… Outer spiral bar, 95,97 …… Hook, 96: Internal spiral muscle.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An inner pipe (2, 3, 4) in which a plurality of arc plate pieces (1a to 1f) divided in a circumferential direction of a shield outer pipe (1) are connected to each other so as to be slidable back and forth. A resistance frame (6) is arranged inside the inner pipe so as to be slidable back and forth so as to cover the outer circumference, the frame (6) and the shield inner pipe are connected by a shield propulsion means (J ₃ ), and the resistance frame (6) is also provided. A number of grippers (67C) are installed in the shield outer tube (1, 1 ') so that they can be retracted and retracted, and each arc plate piece propels itself in sequence, alternately using the natural ground as a reaction force. Shield machine. 2. A shield machine comprises an outer pipe (1) and an inner pipe (2,
3. The front body part (A) consisting of 3 and 4) and the rear body part (B) flexibly connected to the front body part by a plurality of expansion and contraction connecting means (J ₄ ). Self-propelled closed type shield machine. 3. has a drill (D _1, D ₂₎ for drilling the front arcs plate piece (1 a - 1 f), respectively, the drill during propulsion of the arc plate pieces (D _1, D ₂₎ is rotated The self-propelled sealed shield machine according to claim 1 or 2. 4. The rear torso (B) has a waterproof sheet enclosing device, wherein the inner periphery of the rear torso, the surface of the spreader face plate (72) for concrete filling, and the surface of the form (8) are The self-propelled sealed shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a vacuum suction means. 5. A vacuum space (83) is formed by a skin plate (81) having a ventilation slit (88) on the outer surface and a vacuum plate on the inner surface, and a porous layer (89) is formed on the skin plate surface. 5. A vacuum concrete formwork device, which is additionally provided and has a vacuum space (83) connected to a vacuum pump (P _V ) via a water separation tank (t), according to any one of claims 1 to 4. Self-propelled closed type shield machine.