JPH0788662B2 - Pile driver - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial field of application> The present invention relates to a pile driving machine used for so-called medium excavation construction methods such as construction of foundation piles for in-situ driving, construction of underground continuum, and press-fitting construction method for foundation piles. .

<Prior art> Conventionally, in the method of "casting in place" to drive a pile locally, the part that contacts the support layer at the bottom of the pile, the excavation hole for driving the pile, and the void created around the pile are solidified with concrete or the like. However, since the hardening time of this concrete is as short as 3.5 to 5 hours, it is necessary to piling in a short time in which the concrete does not harden.

There is an earth auger type excavator that performs the earth drilling method as a pile driving machine for spot driving, but this is to excavate by rotating the screw with a driving device, and the screw gets deeper as the ground is excavated. It infiltrates into the soil, and the amount of sediment is discharged through the screw. Therefore, it is necessary to add a new screw to the screw pressed into the soil after the operation for a suitable time. It takes about 20 minutes to add one screw, for example about
If a single 5 m screw is used for 40 m excavation, this screw connection alone will take about two and a half hours. In addition, since the earth and sand generated by excavation is brought to the ground as waste soil, it takes a lot of time and money to dispose of this earth and sand, and it becomes an industrial waste socially, causing pollution problems. .

There is a Benoto excavator that performs the Benoto method as a pile driver. This is to excavate the excavated earth and sand while swinging the casing, picking it up with the grab and lifting it to the ground, and disposing of a lot of power to drive the grab and treating a large amount of waste soil. There is a problem that has to be.

In addition, there is a reverse type excavator that performs the reverse construction method, which is a sludge that mixes soil and sand excavated by injecting a large amount of water at the time of excavation, and pumps this to perform excavation, According to this excavator, unlike the screw type, it does not take a long time to connect the screw, but since a large amount of sludge has to be discarded as described above, a facility for that is also required, which requires time and cost. Therefore, it becomes an industrial waste and causes pollution problems socially.

For this reason, it is necessary to be able to drive piles in the shortest possible time before concrete or the like has hardened, and there is a demand for a pile drive machine that does not cause problems such as waste soil and sludge.

In addition, after pile driving, it is necessary to measure the bearing capacity of the pile in order to confirm that the pile is sufficiently supported for the structure to be installed. Came. It would be even more advantageous if the bearing capacity of the pile could be measured by a pile driver or the like at the final stage of pile driving without specially carrying out this load test.

<Object of the invention> An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem in a conventional pile driving machine, and it is not necessary to add a screw, and a pile having a large supporting force can be driven in a short time. Since it mixes the excavated earth and sand with concrete milk and absorbs it into the soil from the side wall of the excavation hole, there is no waste soil from the screw, practically no waste soil or sludge, and no pollution problem. In addition, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a pile driver capable of performing work in a small work area.

<Specific Structure of the Invention> The present invention for achieving such an object is as follows.

That is, the present invention provides a base machine, a leader supported by the stay on the base machine, a drive device slidably mounted in the longitudinal direction of the leader, and a drive device that is rotationally driven by the drive device and that is driven by the drive device. A removable rod that can be inserted into and removed from the device, a drilling head that is detachably attached to the tip of this rod and that excavates the soil layer, and the drilling head completes the drilling and the drilling head is pulled up. A hollow pump which is installed by being installed in an excavated hole and having a stirring pump which is inserted into the lower end of the hollow pile attached to the tip of the rod from which the cutting head is removed or suspended by a wire, The device includes a motor provided in the drive device, a reduction gear train that reduces the driving force of the motor, and a rotational driving force transmitted through the reduction gear train. Reached and rotated,
It has a member having a through hole through which the rod can be inserted, and a chuck that holds the rod inserted through the member, and the rod is pierced therein, and concrete milk and compressed from a concrete supply source, respectively. It has first and second through holes for sending compressed air from an air supply source, and a stirring means provided at the lower end, and the excavation head has a shape in which the tip has an acute angle,
Excavating and agitating means provided on the surface thereof, and first and second supplying concrete milk and compressed air sent through the first and second through holes of the rod, respectively.
A supply port, the excavation head, concrete milk and compressed air respectively supplied from the first and second supply ports with the earth and sand excavated by the excavation stirring means, the excavation stirring means, and The soil layer is excavated while being mixed and stirred by the stirring means to form a fluid, and the stirring pump is provided at the tip, a rotatable stirring blade and a suction port for the fluid, and provided at the rear end. Further, it has a discharge port for the fluid, a motor for rotationally driving the stirring blade, and a drive motor for the stirring pump, wherein the stirring pump is provided at a lower end portion of the hollow pile inserted into the cutting hole. Provided is a pile driving machine, characterized in that the hollow pile is lowered by depressurizing an end portion of the hollow pile by stirring and sucking and discharging the fluid that fills the excavation hole. You It is intended.

Further, the present invention is the pile driving machine, further, a jack installed around the excavation hole, for holding a hollow pile inserted into the cutting hole, the jack, A hold chuck for holding the hollow pile, a press-fit chuck forcibly inserting the hollow pile into the cutting hole, a hydraulic cylinder for driving the press-fit chuck, and a hydraulic pressure gauge for measuring the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic cylinder. To provide a pile driver.

Hereinafter, the first preferred embodiment of the pile driver of the present invention will be described.
A specific configuration of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

With the earth auger used for the conventional earth drill method,
As shown in FIG. 9, the drive device 12 is mounted on a base machine 13 such as a crane so as to be vertically movable along a guide 40 of the leader 1 supported by the stay 2. The upper end of the torque tube 42 having the screw 5 is fixed to the lower end of the drive unit 12. The earth auger has a drive device 12 for a torque tube 42, and the torque tube drive device 12 rotates the torque tube 42 while lowering it by screwing in the vertical direction for excavation. The earth and sand generated by the excavation rises on the screw 5 due to the rotational descent of the torque tube 42, and by adding the screw 5, the earth and sand is discarded and the excavation proceeds.

The pile driving machine of the present invention is, as shown in FIG. 1, a base machine.
13, a leader 1 supported by the base machine 13 via a stay 2, a drive device 12 slidably attached to a guide 40 attached in the longitudinal direction of the leader 1, and the drive device 12 is inserted into the drive device 12. It has a rod 3 and an excavation head 4 detachably attached to the tip of the rod 3.

A known excavating machine such as a crane is used as the base machine 13.

As shown in FIG. 4, the drive device 12 has a motor 25 and a reduction gear train having at least a high speed side speed reducer 26 and a low speed side speed reducer 27. In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, the driving device 12 is rotated by the rotational driving force that is generated by reducing the rotational movement of the motor 25 by the high-speed side speed reducer 26 and the low-speed side speed reducer 27, and rotates. There is provided a member 47 having a through hole through which the through hole can be inserted. This may be a gear 47 as shown in FIG. Further, the drive device 12 has a chuck 24 that holds the rod 3 inserted through the member 47 having the through hole.

As shown in FIG. 5, the motor 25 is driven by a high speed reducer.
It is transmitted to the gear 45 via 26, the rotation direction is changed by the gear 46, and further reduced by the gear 47. Since the gear 47 is attached with the rod 3 as the through shaft, the driving force of the motor is decelerated and transmitted to the gear 47 to rotate the rod 3.
The rotation of the rod 3 causes the excavation head 4 to rotate. The rotation speed of the excavation head 4 is appropriately determined according to various conditions such as hardness of the ground.

The chuck 24 at the lower end of the driving device 12 acts to hold the rod 3 in a tightly closed state. Therefore, it has a first wedge 39 and a second wedge 41, which are rotatable by a bearing 55. A hydraulic device having a cylinder rod 48 and a cylinder 50 on the outer side of the rod tightens the rod by a wedge action. Cylinder rod 48
When 50 is moved upward as viewed in FIG. 5, the second wedge 41 relatively slides on the first wedge 39 and presses the wedge 39 inward, that is, toward the rod 3, The rod 3 can be chucked. When releasing the rod 3, it suffices to perform an action opposite to the above.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the rod 3 is provided so as to penetrate the driving device 12 and can be connected to a required length of the entire drill hole. The rod 3 may have various sectional shapes such as a square shape and a round shape. However, it is usually preferred to be a square rod as shown in FIGS.

This is because the member 47 shown in FIG. 6 is preferably a square rod in order to accurately transmit the rotary motion transmitted from the motor 25 through the gears 45, 46, 47 to the rod 3.
If necessary, a stirring claw 56 capable of mixing excavated earth and sand can be provided at the lower end of the rod 3. As shown in FIG. 2, the rod 3 has a through hole 7 for feeding concrete milk supplied from a concrete supply source through a connector 44 (see FIG. 1) such as Suibiru.
And a through hole 6 for feeding the compressed air supplied from the compressed air supply source through the connector 44. This through hole 6,7
The concrete milk and compressed air can be fed into the drilling head during drilling at a desired flow rate. Various arrangements and shapes of the through holes 6 and 7 in the rod are possible, and an example thereof is shown in FIG. A through hole 29 is provided at the lower end of the rod 3 so that the excavation head 4 can be detachably attached.

The excavation head 4 has supply ports 7a, 7a for discharging the concrete milk and the compressed air sent from the rod 3. Further, the excavation head 4 has a shape in which the tip required for excavation of the soil layer forms an acute angle, and a means 9 required for excavation stirring such as a protrusion, a claw, and a screw is provided on the surface thereof. Drilling head 4
Can be fixed to the rod 3 by joining the through hole 29 of the rod 3 and the through hole 30 of the drilling head 4 with a pin 31.

A method of forming piles using the above-mentioned pile driver will be briefly described.

The excavating head 4 is rotated by the rod 3 to rotate to excavate the soil layer, and the cochleate milk and the compressed air supplied to the rod 3 via the connector 44 are supplied to the excavating head 4 for stirring by the rotational motion of the head 4. As it is mixed and mixed with the excavated earth and sand, the so-called N value of the soil layer becomes close to 0,
In addition, concrete milk mixed with soil and sand naturally infiltrates into the soil layer from the side wall of the excavation hole, thus promoting the improvement of the ground.

The head 4 descends under its own weight while rotating and excavating, and after the excavation hole reaches the support layer such as rock mass, concrete milk having a higher concrete concentration is injected from the head 4 to remove the hollow pile during the pile driving described later. So-called consolidation can be performed as the support layer portion.

After the excavation is completed as described above, the rod 3 is pulled up and the drilling head 4 is pulled up, and the jack 10 is placed on the surface of the drilling hole.
And hold the hollow pile 51 and set it in the drill hole.

The stirring pump 11 shown in FIG. 7 is put into the drilled hole where the drilling is completed via the hollow pile 51. The pump 11 may be attached to the tip of the rod 3 from which the excavation head 4 has been removed, or may be hung separately with a wire or the like. The agitation pump 11 has one or more multi-stage motors 17, a suction port 15 at the lower end, and a discharge port 16 which is preferably downward facing at the upper end. The tip of the agitation pump 11 has, for example, a sharp shape suitable for agitation, and is preferably a spiral blade 14 as shown. Any material that can efficiently agitate the fluid that fills the excavation hole in which concrete milk, air, water, and sand are mixed. Stirring pump 11
The tip of is rotated by a motor 17 to stir the earth and sand.

The agitation pump 11 sucks the fluid of earth and sand, water, and air from the suction port 15 and discharges it from the discharge port 16 to circulate the hollow pile 51 in a depressurized state to gradually lower the hollow pile 51.

As shown in FIG. 8, the jack 10 is fixed to the ground by the base machine 13 and the anchor bolts 52, and the hold chuck 19
Hold the hollow pile 51 with.

The jack 10 also has a press-fit chuck 18, which holds a hollow pile 51 at an arbitrary position and holds another hollow pile 51 by a chuck 19.
Hold with and weld the pile comrades. If necessary, the hold chuck 19 is removed from the hollow pile, and the press-fitting chuck 18 is lowered by the cylinder 22 to press-fit the pile.

Further, the jack 10 has an oil pressure gauge 20, and by measuring the oil pressure during the press-fitting of the hollow pile, the supporting force of the pile can also be measured.

<Operation of the Invention> The present invention has the above-described configuration and operates as follows.

The base machine 13 is installed on the ground at the pile driving site. The rod 3 is connected to the required length of the drill hole and inserted into the auger 12.
The chuck 8 holds the rod 3 by the drive device 12. The drill head 4 is fixed to the lower end of the rod 3 with a pin. Drive unit 12
The motor 25 is driven to rotate the gear 47, rotate the rod 3 and rotate the excavation head 4. The ground is excavated by the rotation of the excavation head 4.

Simultaneously with the excavation, concrete milk and compressed air are supplied to the excavation hole from the opening of the excavation head 4 through the through hole of the rod 3, and the earth and sand excavated by the claw 9 of the excavation head 4, the concrete milk and the compressed air are mixed, Since the so-called N value of the ground is set close to 0, the excavation head 4 can rotate and descend by its own weight to excavate the ground.

<Effect of the Invention> The pile driver of the present invention connects the rod required for the entire length of the excavation hole to the drive device from the beginning, so that it is not necessary to add a screw during excavation, and the excavation hole can be formed in a short time. Can be upset.

Further, since concrete milk and compressed air can be injected from the tip of the excavating head via the rod, it is possible to surely inject the concrete milk into the predetermined position of the excavating hole.

Furthermore, since there is no waste soil from the screw, there is no need to reliably dispose of waste soil or sludge, unlike the field construction pile,
Since piles can be piled using hollow pipes such as standard concrete piles, the piles that have been piled up may not have strength mixed with earth and sand, or may have an uneven shape. Absent.

As described above, since piles are not constructed on-site, the amount of waste soil is very small, and screws and the like are not required to be replaced, it is possible to perform pile driving in a construction area smaller than that of a conventional pile driver.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing the appearance of a pile driver according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the rod of the pile driver according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an excavating head of a pile driver according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a side view of the drive device according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the low-speed side reducer and the chuck of the drive unit according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the low speed side reducer and the rod of the drive unit according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is a side view of the stirring pump according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is a side view of the jack used in the present invention. FIG. 9 is a side view showing the appearance of a conventional pile driver. Explanation of symbols 1 ... Leader, 2 ... Stay, 3 ... Rod, 4 ... Drilling head, 5 ... Screw, 6,7 ... Through hole, 6a, 7a ... Opening, 8 ... Chuck, 9 ...... Claws, 10 …… jacks, 11 …… stirring pumps, 12 …… driving devices, 13 …… base machines, 14 …… blades, 15 …… suction ports, 16 …… discharging ports, 17 …… motors, 18 …… Press-fit chuck, 19 …… Hold chuck, 20 …… Hydraulic gauge, 21 …… Piston, 22,23 …… Cylinder, 24 …… Chuck, 25 …… Motor, 26 …… High speed side reducer, 27 …… Low-speed side reducer, 28 ... Drive device, 29 ... Rod through hole, 30 ... Head through hole, 31 ... Pin, 32 ... Soil layer, 33 ... Soil layer infused with concrete milk , 34 …… Supporting portion, 35 …… Water, 36,37 …… Soil / water / air / concrete milk mixture, 38 …… Supporting layer, 39 …… First wedge , 40 …… guide, 41 …… second wedge, 42 …… torque tube, 43 …… lot guide, 44 …… connector, 45,46,47 …… gear, 48 …… cylinder rod, 50 …… cylinder, 51 …… Hollow pile, 52 …… Anchor bolt, 53 …… Base plate, 54 …… Drive part, 55 …… Bearing, 56 …… Stirrer claw, 57 …… Joining part

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A base machine, a leader supported by the stay by the base machine, a drive device slidably mounted in the longitudinal direction of the leader, and a drive device that is rotationally driven by the drive device. , A detachable rod that can be inserted into and removed from the rod, a drilling head that is detachably attached to the tip of this rod, and that excavates the soil layer. A hollow pump which is inserted into the excavation hole and installed in the hollow pile, and a stirring pump which is inserted into the lower end of the hollow head by attaching the cutting head to the tip of the rod or suspending with a wire. Is a motor provided in the drive unit, a reduction gear train that reduces the driving force of the motor, and the rotational driving force is transmitted through the reduction gear train. Rolling and,
It has a member having a through hole through which the rod can be inserted, and a chuck that holds the rod inserted through the member, and the rod is pierced therein, and concrete milk and compressed from a concrete supply source, respectively. It has first and second through holes for sending compressed air from an air supply source, and a stirring means provided at the lower end, and the excavation head has a shape in which the tip has an acute angle,
Excavating and agitating means provided on the surface thereof, and first and second supplying concrete milk and compressed air sent through the first and second through holes of the rod, respectively.
A supply port, the excavation head, concrete milk and compressed air respectively supplied from the first and second supply ports with the earth and sand excavated by the excavation stirring means, the excavation stirring means, and The soil layer is excavated while being mixed and stirred by the stirring means to form a fluid, and the stirring pump is provided at the tip, a rotatable stirring blade and a suction port for the fluid, and provided at the rear end. Further, it has a discharge port for the fluid, a motor for rotationally driving the stirring blade, and a drive motor for the stirring pump, wherein the stirring pump is provided at a lower end portion of the hollow pile inserted into the cutting hole. A pile driving machine, which is inserted to lower the hollow pile by depressurizing the end of the hollow pile by circulating the fluid that agitates and discharges the fluid that fills the excavation hole. 2. The pile driving machine according to claim 1, further comprising a jack that is installed around the excavation hole and holds a hollow pile inserted into the cutting hole. A hold chuck for holding the hollow pile,
A pile driving machine comprising: a press-fitting chuck for forcibly inserting the hollow pile into the cutting hole; a hydraulic cylinder for driving the press-fitting chuck; and a hydraulic pressure gauge for measuring the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic cylinder.