JPH0797079B2 - Total nitrogen measurement method by UV method - Google Patents
Total nitrogen measurement method by UV methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0797079B2 JPH0797079B2 JP1017872A JP1787289A JPH0797079B2 JP H0797079 B2 JPH0797079 B2 JP H0797079B2 JP 1017872 A JP1017872 A JP 1017872A JP 1787289 A JP1787289 A JP 1787289A JP H0797079 B2 JPH0797079 B2 JP H0797079B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sample
- absorbance
- measurement
- turbidity
- measurement wavelength
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 30
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 85
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 nitrate ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011481 absorbance measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002798 spectrophotometry method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、例えば自然環境調査などのために、河川水,
湖水あるいは各種排水等の試料中に含まれる全窒素量を
定量する場合に利用される全窒素測定方法、詳しくは、
加熱分解処理後の試料に対して紫外線を照射し、その試
料の基本測定波長における吸光度を測定し、その測定結
果に基づいて前記試料中の全窒素量を定量するUV法(紫
外線吸光光度法)による全窒素測定方法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to river water,
A method for measuring total nitrogen used when quantifying the amount of total nitrogen contained in samples such as lake water or various wastewater, for details,
UV light is irradiated to the sample after heat decomposition treatment, the absorbance at the basic measurement wavelength of the sample is measured, and the total nitrogen amount in the sample is quantified based on the measurement result UV method (ultraviolet absorptiometry) Method for measuring total nitrogen.
かかるUV法による全窒素測定方法としては、手分析で行
う場合にしろ、あるいは、自動測定装置を用いて行う場
合にしろ、従来から、JIS:K−0102の紫外線吸光光度
法、つまり、試料にアルカリ性ペルオキソニ硫酸カリウ
ムを加えて約30分間加熱して、試料中に含まれる窒素化
合物を硝酸イオンに変換させると共に有機物を分解し、
しかる後、その加熱分解処理後の試料をpH2〜3に調整
してから、その試料による所定の基本測定波長(一般に
220nmに設定される)における吸光度を測定し、その測
定結果に基づいて前記試料中の全窒素量を定量する、と
いう基本的手法に準拠した方法が採用されている。As a method for measuring total nitrogen by such a UV method, whether it is carried out by manual analysis or when it is carried out by using an automatic measuring device, conventionally, the ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometric method of JIS: K-0102, that is, the sample Add alkaline potassium peroxodisulfate and heat for about 30 minutes to convert nitrogen compounds contained in the sample to nitrate ions and decompose organic substances,
After that, after adjusting the pH of the sample after the thermal decomposition treatment to 2 to 3, the predetermined basic measurement wavelength (generally
(Set to 220 nm), and the total amount of nitrogen in the sample is quantified based on the measurement result, which is based on the basic method.
しかしながら、上記従来方法による場合には、次のよう
な問題があった。However, the above conventional method has the following problems.
即ち、手分析による場合には、加熱分解処理後の試料を
十分に長時間静置しておいて、濁度が殆どなくなったこ
とが確認された上澄み液のみを採取して吸光度測定を行
っているので、良好な測定精度を確保できる反面、非常
に操作が面倒でかつ能率の悪い測定とならざるを得ず、
一方、測定効率の向上を図るために自動測定装置により
行う場合には、測定時間の都合上、加熱分解処理後の試
料の静置時間が短くなりがちで、ある程度の濁度物質
(加熱時の生成物である水酸化物質や非溶解性の物質な
ど)を含んだままで吸光度測定が行われることが多く、
そのために、測定結果にはかかる濁度物質による影響成
分が含まれてしまうことになって、測定精度の悪化を招
いている。That is, in the case of manual analysis, the sample after the thermal decomposition treatment was allowed to stand for a sufficiently long time, and only the supernatant liquid in which it was confirmed that the turbidity had almost disappeared was collected and the absorbance was measured. As a result, good measurement accuracy can be secured, but the operation is very cumbersome and inefficient.
On the other hand, when the measurement is performed by an automatic measuring device in order to improve the measurement efficiency, the standing time of the sample after the thermal decomposition treatment tends to be shortened due to the convenience of the measurement time, and the turbidity substance Often, the absorbance measurement is performed with the product (hydroxylated substance, non-soluble substance, etc.) still contained,
Therefore, the measurement result includes the influential component due to the turbidity substance, which deteriorates the measurement accuracy.
そこで、最近では、上記のような濁度影響成分を除去補
正して測定精度の向上を図るために、下記に説明するよ
うな2波長測定による濁度補正手段が考えられている。Therefore, recently, in order to remove and correct the turbidity-influencing component as described above to improve the measurement accuracy, a turbidity correction means by two-wavelength measurement as described below has been considered.
第6図は、各種の試料(TiO2懸濁水,カオリン懸濁水,
河川水,湖水,,)について、夫々、加熱分解処
理前の濁度と加熱分解処理後の濁度との変化を調べた結
果を示している。なお、この濁度測定には、積分球式濁
度計を用いた。FIG. 6 shows various samples (TiO 2 suspension water, kaolin suspension water,
For river water, lake water, and), the change in turbidity before heat decomposition treatment and the change in turbidity after heat decomposition treatment are shown. An integrating sphere type turbidimeter was used for this turbidity measurement.
このグラフから明らかなように、各試料において、加熱
分解処理前と加熱分解処理後とでは明らかに濁度に違い
があり、また、その濁度変化の程度は試料種類によって
様々に異なっていることが明らかである。従って、濁度
影響成分の除去補正を行う際には、加熱分解処理後の濁
度を基準にする必要があることが判る。As is clear from this graph, there is a clear difference in the turbidity between the samples before and after the thermal decomposition treatment, and the degree of change in the turbidity varies depending on the sample type. Is clear. Therefore, it is understood that it is necessary to use the turbidity after the thermal decomposition treatment as a reference when performing the correction for removing the turbidity-influencing component.
また、第7図は、ある試料(この例では湖水)につい
て、濁度物質を殆ど含まないもの(加熱分解処理後に十
分に長時間静置したものの上澄み液)に対する波長−吸
光度特性の測定結果(真の値x:実線で示す)と、ある程
度の濁度物質を含むものに対する波長−吸光度特性の測
定結果(身かけの値y:点線で示す)とを比較した一例を
グラフに示したものである。In addition, FIG. 7 shows the measurement results of the wavelength-absorbance characteristics for a sample (lake water in this example) containing almost no turbid substances (supernatant liquid that has been allowed to stand for a sufficiently long time after thermal decomposition treatment). A true value x: shown by the solid line) and a measurement result of the wavelength-absorbance characteristics for a substance containing a certain amount of turbidity substance (pseudo value y: shown by the dotted line) is there.
このグラフから、身かけの値y(濁度有りの場合)は常
に真の値x(濁度無しの場合)よも大きめに測定され、
また、硝酸イオンによる吸光度を測定する基本測定波長
(220nm)における見かけの吸光度Yと真の吸光度Xと
の差Δ220が、真の値xがほぼ0となり且つ前記基本測
定波長(220nm)に可及的に近い波長(この例では260nm
が選定されている)における見かけの吸光度Y′とが大
体等しい値となっていることが読み取れる。From this graph, the apparent value y (with turbidity) is always measured larger than the true value x (without turbidity),
In addition, the difference Δ 220 between the apparent absorbance Y and the true absorbance X at the basic measurement wavelength (220 nm) for measuring the absorbance due to nitrate ions is such that the true value x becomes almost 0 and the basic measurement wavelength (220 nm) is acceptable. Closest possible wavelength (260 nm in this example)
It can be read that the apparent absorbance Y'in (1) is almost the same.
そこで、上記のような両見地に基いて、加熱分解処理後
のひとつの試料(濁度有り)について、基本測定波長
(220nm)における吸光度Yとは別に、それよりも比較
的近い長波長側の異なる第2測定波長(例えば、250nm
〜300nmの間の適宜値)における吸光度Y′をも測定
し、 X=Y−Y′ なる演算式に基づいて、前記試料の濁度による影響成分
Δ220(≒Y′)を除去補正することにより、前記試料
中の硝酸イオンによる真の吸光度Xを求めるようにす
る、という方法である。Therefore, based on both of the above viewpoints, for one sample (with turbidity) after heat decomposition treatment, apart from the absorbance Y at the basic measurement wavelength (220 nm), the long wavelength side relatively close to Different second measurement wavelength (eg 250nm
Absorbance Y'at an appropriate value between ~ 300 nm) is also measured, and the influence component Δ 220 (≈Y ') due to the turbidity of the sample is removed and corrected based on the arithmetic expression X = Y-Y'. According to the method, the true absorbance X due to the nitrate ion in the sample is obtained.
ところが、かかる従来の濁度影響成分の除去補正手段に
おいては、 (ア)選定された第2測定波長(上記の例では260nm)
における真の値xが0になっていること、および、 (イ)基本測定波長(220nm)における見かけの吸光度
Yと真の吸光度Xとの差Δ220と、前記第2測定波長(2
60nm)における見かけの吸光度Y′とが実質的に等しく
なっている、 という条件が前提として必要であるが、試料の種類によ
っては必ずしもそのようになる保証は無く、従って、か
かる従来手段により濁度影響成分の除去補正を行うため
には、測定すべき各試料について、一々、例えば予備測
定を行うなどして前記第7図に示したようなデータを予
め得ておいて、上記した(ア),(イ)のような傾向が
実際に現れているか否かを確認すると共に、最も適当な
第2測定波長を選定する、という面倒な操作を行わなけ
れば、確実で精度の良い濁度影響成分の除去補正は期待
できない。However, in the conventional means for removing and correcting the turbidity affecting component, (a) the selected second measurement wavelength (260 nm in the above example)
The true value x in 0 is 0, and (b) the difference Δ 220 between the apparent absorbance Y and the true absorbance X at the basic measurement wavelength (220 nm) and the second measurement wavelength (2
The condition that the apparent absorbance Y'at 60 nm) is substantially equal is necessary, but it is not always guaranteed depending on the type of sample, and therefore the turbidity can be obtained by such conventional means. In order to remove and correct the influential components, the data shown in FIG. 7 is obtained in advance for each sample to be measured, for example, by performing preliminary measurement, and the above-mentioned (a) , (A) Confirm whether or not the tendency actually appears, and if the troublesome operation of selecting the most appropriate second measurement wavelength is not performed, the turbidity influencing component with certainty and accuracy can be obtained with certainty and accuracy. No removal correction can be expected.
本発明は、上記実情に鑑みて、幾多の実験的研究および
考察を重ねた結果なされたものであって、その目的は、
試料の種類の如何を問わず、常に一定の手法によって、
確実かつ精度の良い濁度影響成分の除去補正を行うこと
ができ、特に測定効率に優れた自動全窒素測定装置を構
成する場合に非常に有効な、UV法による全窒素測定方法
を提供せんとすることにある。The present invention has been made as a result of numerous experimental studies and considerations in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to:
Regardless of the type of sample, by a constant method,
We will provide a total nitrogen measurement method using the UV method, which is capable of performing reliable and accurate removal and correction of turbidity influencing components, and is very effective especially when configuring an automatic total nitrogen measurement device with excellent measurement efficiency. To do.
上記目的を達成するために、本発明は、試料にアルカリ
性ペルオキソニ硫酸カリウムを加えて所定時間加熱し、
試料中に含まれる窒素化合物を硝酸イオンに変換させる
とともに、有機物を分解処理し、その後、pH調整してな
る試料に対して紫外線を照射し、その試料の基本測定波
長220nmにおける吸光度Yを測定し、その測定結果に基
づいて前記試料中の全窒素量を定量するUV法による全窒
素測定方法において、前記加熱分解処理を施した試料に
ついて、前記吸光度Yとは別に、400nmから600nmの間の
適宜の第2測定波長における吸光度Zをも測定し、 X=Y−αZ(αは試料の種類の如何によらず、設定し
た第2測定波長に対して常に一定に定まる係数) なる演算式に基づいて、前記試料の濁度による影響成分
αZを除去補正することにより、前記基本測定波長220n
mにおける前記試料中の硝酸イオンによる真の吸光度を
求めるようにしている。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is to add alkaline potassium peroxodisulfate to a sample and heat for a predetermined time,
The nitrogen compounds contained in the sample are converted to nitrate ions, the organic substances are decomposed, and then the pH-adjusted sample is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, and the absorbance Y at the basic measurement wavelength 220 nm of the sample is measured. In the method for measuring total nitrogen by the UV method for quantifying the total amount of nitrogen in the sample based on the measurement result, for the sample subjected to the thermal decomposition treatment, apart from the absorbance Y, a value between 400 nm and 600 nm is appropriately set. The absorbance Z at the second measurement wavelength is also measured, and X = Y-αZ (α is a coefficient that is always fixed with respect to the set second measurement wavelength regardless of the type of sample) Then, by removing and correcting the influence component αZ due to the turbidity of the sample, the basic measurement wavelength 220n
The true absorbance of nitrate ions in the sample at m is determined.
上記のような特徴ある手段を採用したことにより発揮さ
れる作用について以下に説明するが、先ず、かかる本発
明を完成するに至った実験的研究の経過およびそれに対
する考察結果について詳述する。The action exerted by adopting the characteristic means as described above will be described below. First, the progress of the experimental research leading to the completion of the present invention and the consideration results thereof will be described in detail.
即ち、第1図は、窒素含有量の異なる種々の試料(河川
水および湖水,,)について、夫々、加熱分解処
理後の濁度D(積分球式濁度計を用いて測定)と、基本
測定波長(220nm)における見かけの吸光度Yとの関係
を調べ、それらの結果をひとつのグラフにまとめて示し
たものである。That is, FIG. 1 shows the turbidity D (measured using an integrating sphere turbidimeter) after thermal decomposition treatment for various samples (river water and lake water, etc.) with different nitrogen contents, respectively. The relationship with the apparent absorbance Y at the measurement wavelength (220 nm) was investigated, and the results are shown together in one graph.
このグラフから判るように、各試料の基本測定波長(22
0nm)における見かけの吸光度Yは、濁度Dによる影響
を受けていることが明らかであるが、全ての試料につい
て、両者(YとD)の関係は直線的であり、しかも、各
直線を最小二乗法によりY=aD+bの形に同定した結果
を同図中に示しているように、各直線の勾配aが全ての
試料において実質的に等しくなっている、という興味深
い事実が認められた。なお、各直線における切片b(D
=0におけるY)は、各試料の基本測定波長(220nm)
における真の吸光度Xに相当している。As can be seen from this graph, the basic measurement wavelength (22
It is clear that the apparent absorbance Y at 0 nm) is affected by the turbidity D, but for all samples, the relationship between the two (Y and D) is linear, and each straight line is the minimum. As shown in the figure by the result of identification in the form of Y = aD + b by the square method, the interesting fact that the slope a of each straight line is substantially equal in all samples was observed. The intercept b (D
= 0) is the basic measurement wavelength (220 nm) of each sample
Corresponds to the true absorbance X at.
このように、濁度Dと見かけの吸光度Yとの直線的関係
の勾配aが試料の種類に拘わらず一定となる、という発
見的事実から、本発明者らは、もしも前記基本測定波長
(220nm)とは異なる第2の測定波長における吸光度Z
と濁度Dとの間に十分に高度な相関がありさえすれば、
理論的には、その吸光度Zから濁度Dが測定でき、次
に、その測定濁度Dと前記一定の勾配aとから濁度Dに
よる影響成分を除去補正することができて、真の吸光度
Xを精度良く求め得る可能性があるのではないかと考察
し、試みに幾つかの第2測定波長(260nm,330nm,400nm,
500nm,600nm)を設定して、夫々、加熱分解処理後の濁
度D(積分球式濁度計を用いて測定)と吸光度Zとの関
係を調べてみた。Thus, from the heuristic fact that the gradient a of the linear relationship between the turbidity D and the apparent absorbance Y is constant regardless of the type of sample, the present inventors have found that if the fundamental measurement wavelength (220 nm ) And the absorbance Z at a second measurement wavelength different from
As long as there is a sufficiently high correlation between turbidity and turbidity D,
Theoretically, the turbidity D can be measured from the absorbance Z, and then the influential component due to the turbidity D can be removed and corrected from the measured turbidity D and the constant gradient a to obtain the true absorbance. Considering that there is a possibility that X can be obtained with high accuracy, we tried several second measurement wavelengths (260 nm, 330 nm, 400 nm,
(500 nm, 600 nm) was set, and the relationship between the turbidity D (measured using an integrating sphere turbidimeter) and the absorbance Z after the thermal decomposition treatment was examined.
その結果は、第2図〈イ〉,〈ロ〉,〈ハ〉,<ニ>,
<ホ>の各グラフに示しているようになり、これらのグ
ラフから明らかなように、各第2測定波長における吸光
度Zと濁度Dとの関係は、全体として高度な相関の直線
的関係を示しており、しかも、各直線を最小二乗法によ
りZ=cD+dの形に同定した結果を同図中に示している
ように、また、第3図〈イ〉のグラフに示す勾配cと第
2測定波長との関係、および、第3図〈ロ〉のグラフに
示す相関係数σと第2測定波長との関係から明らかなよ
うに、第2測定波長を長波長側に設定するほどその勾配
c(つまり、感度)は小さくなるが相関係数σ(つま
り、直線性)は良好になっていることが判る。そして、
前記第2測定波長を少なくとも300nm以上の適宜値に設
定すれば、相関係数σは0.98以上という高い数値となり
(特に好ましくは、400nm〜600nmの範囲内の適宜値に設
定すれば、相関係数σは0.99以上という非常に高い数値
となり)、一方、感度については電気的に信号を増幅さ
せることである程度向上させることが可能であるから問
題はない。The results are shown in Fig. 2 <a>, <b>, <c>, <d>,
As shown in the graphs of <e>, and as is clear from these graphs, the relationship between the absorbance Z and the turbidity D at each second measurement wavelength shows a linear relationship of high correlation as a whole. In addition, as shown in the figure, the result of identifying each straight line in the form of Z = cD + d by the method of least squares, and the gradient c and the second curve shown in the graph of FIG. As is clear from the relationship with the measurement wavelength and the relationship between the correlation coefficient σ and the second measurement wavelength shown in the graph of FIG. 3B, the slope increases as the second measurement wavelength is set to the longer wavelength side. It can be seen that although c (that is, sensitivity) is small, the correlation coefficient σ (that is, linearity) is good. And
If the second measurement wavelength is set to an appropriate value of at least 300 nm or more, the correlation coefficient σ becomes a high value of 0.98 or more (particularly preferably, if set to an appropriate value within the range of 400 nm to 600 nm, the correlation coefficient σ is (σ becomes a very high value of 0.99 or more), while the sensitivity can be improved to some extent by electrically amplifying the signal, so there is no problem.
このことから、加熱分解処理後の試料について、基本測
定波長(220nm)における吸光度Yとは別に、それより
も比較的離れた長波長側の異なる第2測定波長(少なく
とも300nm以上、より好ましくは、400nmないし600nmの
間の適宜値)における吸光度Z(これは、前述した説明
から明らかなように、間接的に濁度を表すものである)
をも測定するようにすれば、後述する実施例の記載から
も一層明らかとなるように、試料の種類の如何によらな
い一定の係数αを用いたX=Y−αZなる演算式に基づ
いて、常に、試料の濁度による影響成分αZを非常に精
度良くかつ確実に除去補正することができ、特に測定効
率に優れた自動全窒素測定装置を構成する場合に極めて
有効であると共に、手分析値とのより高い相関を得るこ
とができる。From this, in addition to the absorbance Y at the basic measurement wavelength (220 nm) of the sample after the heat decomposition treatment, the second measurement wavelength (at least 300 nm or more, and more preferably, different from the second measurement wavelength on the long wavelength side, which is relatively distant therefrom, Absorbance Z at an appropriate value between 400 nm and 600 nm (this indirectly indicates turbidity, as is clear from the above description).
If it is also measured, as will be more apparent from the description of Examples below, based on an arithmetic expression X = Y−αZ using a constant coefficient α irrespective of the type of sample. , The influence component αZ due to the turbidity of the sample can be removed and corrected very accurately and surely at all times, and it is extremely effective especially when configuring an automatic total nitrogen measuring device with excellent measurement efficiency, and manual analysis A higher correlation with the value can be obtained.
以下、本発明の具体的な一実施例を図面(第4図および
第5図)に基づいて説明する。A specific embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings (FIGS. 4 and 5).
第4図は、本発明に係るUV法による全窒素測定方法を適
用して構成された濁度影響補正可能な自動全窒素測定装
置の概略ブロック図を示し、また、第5図はその自動測
定シーケンスのタイミングチャートを示している。FIG. 4 shows a schematic block diagram of an automatic total nitrogen measuring device capable of correcting the effect of turbidity, which is configured by applying the method for measuring total nitrogen by the UV method according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 shows its automatic measurement. The timing chart of a sequence is shown.
第4図の概略ブロック図において、1,2は紫外線照射用
の光源および集光レンズであり、3は、それら光源1お
よび集光レンズ2からの照射紫外線ビームUを、比較信
号検出系Rと測定信号検出系Mとに分離するビームスプ
リッターであり、前記集光レンズ2とビームスプリッタ
ー3との間には、基本測定波長(220nm)の紫外線のみ
を透過させる第1干渉フィルター4Aと、その基本測定波
長(220nm)よりも比較的離れた長波長側の異なる第2
測定波長(400nm〜600nmの間の適宜値:この例では500n
m)の紫外線のみを透過させる第2干渉フィルター4Bと
が、第5図のタイミングチャートに示すように、交互に
介装導入されるようになっている。In the schematic block diagram of FIG. 4, reference numerals 1 and 2 denote a light source for irradiating ultraviolet rays and a condenser lens, and 3 denotes an irradiation ultraviolet ray U from the light source 1 and the condenser lens 2 as a comparison signal detection system R. A first interference filter 4A which is a beam splitter which is separated into a measurement signal detection system M, and which transmits only ultraviolet rays having a basic measurement wavelength (220 nm) between the condenser lens 2 and the beam splitter 3, and its basic Second, which is different from the measurement wavelength (220 nm) and has a long wavelength side
Measurement wavelength (an appropriate value between 400nm and 600nm: 500n in this example)
As shown in the timing chart of FIG. 5, the second interference filter 4B that transmits only the ultraviolet light of m) is alternately introduced.
そして、前記比較信号検出系Rには、前記ビームスプリ
ッター3から直接入射される紫外線の強度(基準信号)
を検出するための比較側検出器5とそれに対する比較側
プリアンプ6とが設けられ、また、前記測定信号検出系
Mには、加熱分解処理およびある程度の静置処理を施さ
れた後の試料とゼロ試料(窒素を含まない試料)とが第
5図のタイミングチャートに示すように一定間隔をおい
て交互に切換導入される測定セル7と、その測定セル7
を通過した紫外線の強度(測定信号)を検出するための
測定側検出器8とそれに対する測定側プリアンプ9とが
設けられており、前記比較側プリアンプ6からの基準信
号と測定側プリアンプ9からの測定信号は、後で詳述す
るような演算処理を行うように構成された演算処理回路
10に入力されるようになっている。The intensity of the ultraviolet light (reference signal) directly incident from the beam splitter 3 is input to the comparison signal detection system R.
Is provided with a comparison side detector 5 and a comparison side preamplifier 6 therefor, and the measurement signal detection system M includes a sample after a thermal decomposition process and a certain standing process. A measurement cell 7 in which zero samples (samples not containing nitrogen) are alternately introduced at regular intervals as shown in the timing chart of FIG.
There is provided a measuring side detector 8 for detecting the intensity (measurement signal) of the ultraviolet rays passing through and a measuring side preamplifier 9 for the measuring side detector 8, and the reference signal from the comparison side preamplifier 6 and the measuring side preamplifier 9 are provided. The measurement signal is an arithmetic processing circuit configured to perform arithmetic processing as described in detail later.
It is supposed to be input to 10.
上記のように構成された自動全窒素測定装置によれば、
第5図のタイミングに示すように、先ず、前記測定セル
7内にゼロ試料が導入されると共に、その間において、
前記集光レンズ2とビームスプリッター3との間に、第
1干渉フィルター4A(220nm)が介装された状態と、第
2干渉フィルター4B(500nm)が介装された状態とに切
り換えられ、夫々の状態においてゼロ信号(AZ220,AZ
500)が読み取られる。次に、上記のゼロ信号測定終了
後一定時間経過してから、前記測定セル7内に加熱分解
処理および静置処理を施された後の試料が導入されると
共に、その間において、前記集光レンズ2とビームスプ
リッター3との間に、第1干渉フィルター4A(220nm)
が介装された状態と、第2干渉フィルター4B(500nm)
が介装された状態とに切り換えられ、夫々の状態におい
て、測定信号(MS220,MS500)が読み取られる。According to the automatic total nitrogen measuring device configured as described above,
As shown in the timing chart of FIG. 5, first, a zero sample is introduced into the measurement cell 7, and during that time,
Between the condenser lens 2 and the beam splitter 3, a state in which a first interference filter 4A (220 nm) is interposed and a state in which a second interference filter 4B (500 nm) is interposed are switched, respectively. Zero signal (AZ 220 , AZ
500 ) is read. Next, after a lapse of a certain time after the completion of the zero signal measurement, the sample after the thermal decomposition treatment and the stationary treatment is introduced into the measurement cell 7, and in the meantime, the condenser lens The first interference filter 4A (220nm) between the beam splitter 2 and the beam splitter 3.
And the second interference filter 4B (500nm)
Is switched to a state in which the measurement signal (MS 220 , MS 500 ) is read in each state.
そこで、前記演算処理回路10においては、基本測定波長
(220nm)におけるゼロ補正された見かけの吸光度(=Y
220)と、第2測定波長(500nm)におけるゼロ補正され
た吸光度Z(=Y500)(濁度値)を、 Y220=MS220−AZ220 Z500=MS500−AZ500 として求めた後、 X220=Y220−α500Z500 =(MS220−AZ220) −α500(MS500−AZ500) なる演算式に基づいて、前記試料の濁度による影響成分
αZ(=α500Z500)を除去補正することによって、前
記基本測定波長(220nm)における前記試料中の硝酸イ
オンによる真の吸光度X(=X220)を求め、そして、そ
の算出された真の吸光度X220から内部検量により試料中
の全窒素濃度に変換するのである。Therefore, in the arithmetic processing circuit 10, the zero-corrected apparent absorbance at the basic measurement wavelength (220 nm) (= Y
220 ) and the zero-corrected absorbance Z (= Y 500 ) (turbidity value) at the second measurement wavelength (500 nm) as Y 220 = MS 220 -AZ 220 Z 500 = MS 500 -AZ 500 , X 220 = Y 220 −α 500 Z 500 = (MS 220 −AZ 220 ) −α 500 (MS 500 −AZ 500 ), the influence component αZ (= α 500 Z 500 ), the true absorbance X (= X 220 ) of the nitrate ion in the sample at the basic measurement wavelength (220 nm) is obtained, and the internal absorbance is calculated from the calculated true absorbance X 220. Is converted into the total nitrogen concentration in the sample.
なお、前記α(=α500)は、試料の種類如何によら
ず、測定した第2測定波長に対して常に一定に定まる係
数であって、例えば次のようにして容易に求めておくこ
とができる。Note that the α (= α 500 ) is a coefficient that is always fixed with respect to the measured second measurement wavelength regardless of the type of sample, and can be easily obtained as follows, for example. it can.
即ち、上記の例(基本測定波長が220nm,第2測定波長が
500nm)において、前記測定セル7に導入する試料とし
て窒素を含まない濁度標準試料(例えば純水中カオリン
またはTiO2)を用いて測定すれば、 X220=Y220−α500Z500 =(MS220−AZ220) −α500(MS500−AZ500) なる上記演算式において、X220=0であるから、 として得ることができる。That is, the above example (basic measurement wavelength is 220 nm, second measurement wavelength is
500 nm), a turbidity standard sample containing no nitrogen (for example, kaolin in pure water or TiO 2 ) as a sample to be introduced into the measurement cell 7 is used to measure X 220 = Y 220 −α 500 Z 500 = ( In the above arithmetic expression of MS 220 −AZ 220 ) −α 500 (MS 500 −AZ 500 ), X 220 = 0, Can be obtained as
ところで、上記の実施例においては、干渉フィルタを用
いて紫外線の波長設定を行っているが、色ガラスフィル
タなどのように可視域でブロードな透過帯をもつものを
用いることも可能である。By the way, in the above embodiment, the wavelength of ultraviolet rays is set using the interference filter, but it is also possible to use a colored glass filter or the like having a broad transmission band in the visible range.
以上詳述したように、本発明は、試料にアルカリ性ペル
オキソニ硫酸カリウムを加えて所定時間加熱し、試料中
に含まれる窒素化合物を硝酸イオンに変換させるととも
に、有機物を分解処理し、その後、pH調整してなる試料
に対して紫外線を照射し、その試料の基本測定波長220n
mにおける吸光度Yを測定し、その測定結果に基づいて
前記試料中の全窒素量を定量するUV法による全窒素測定
方法において、前記加熱分解処理を施した試料につい
て、前記吸光度Yとは別に、400nmから600nmの間の適宜
の第2測定波長における吸光度Zをも測定し、 X=Y−αZ(αは試料の種類の如何によらず、設定し
た第2測定波長に対して常に一定に定まる係数) なる演算式に基づいて、前記試料の濁度による影響成分
αZを除去補助することにより、前記基本測定波長220n
mにおける前記試料中の硝酸イオンによる真の吸光度を
求めるようにしているので、試料の種類の如何を問わ
ず、常に一定の手法によって、非常に精度よく濁度影響
成分の除去を確実かつ容易に行うことができる。As described in detail above, the present invention adds alkaline potassium peroxodisulfate to a sample and heats it for a predetermined time to convert nitrogen compounds contained in the sample into nitrate ions, decompose organic compounds, and then adjust pH. Irradiate the sample with ultraviolet light, and the basic measurement wavelength of the sample is 220n
In the total nitrogen measuring method by the UV method, which measures the absorbance Y at m, and quantifies the total nitrogen amount in the sample based on the measurement result, for the sample subjected to the thermal decomposition treatment, separately from the absorbance Y, The absorbance Z at an appropriate second measurement wavelength between 400 nm and 600 nm is also measured, and X = Y-αZ (α is always fixed to the set second measurement wavelength regardless of the type of sample. Coefficient) to assist removal of the influential component αZ due to the turbidity of the sample,
Since the true absorbance due to nitrate ion in the sample at m is obtained, it is possible to reliably and easily remove the turbidity-influenced component with high accuracy by a constant method regardless of the type of sample. It can be carried out.
特に、測定効率に優れた自動全窒素測定装置を構成する
場合にきわめて有効であるとともに、手分析値とのより
高い相関を得ることができる。In particular, it is extremely effective when constructing an automatic total nitrogen measuring device having excellent measurement efficiency, and it is possible to obtain a higher correlation with the manual analysis value.
第1図〜第3図は、夫々、本発明に係るUV法による全窒
素測定方法を確立する基礎となった各種実験結果を表す
グラフを示し、第1図は種々の試料について夫々加熱分
解処理後の濁度と所定の基本測定波長(220nm)におけ
る見かけの吸光度との関係を調べそれらの結果をまとめ
たグラフであり、第2図〈イ〉,〈ロ〉,〈ハ〉,
〈ニ〉,〈ホ〉は、夫々、各設定された第2測定波長に
おける加熱分解処理後の濁度と吸光度との関係を調べた
結果表すグラフであり、第3図は前記第2図の結果の要
部をまとめたもので、第3図〈イ〉は第2測定波長と勾
配(感度)との関係を表すグラフであり、第3図〈ロ〉
は第2測定波長と相関係数(直線性)との関係を表すグ
ラフである。 そして、第4図および第5図は本発明に係るUV法による
全窒素測定方法の具体的実施例を示し、第4図は本発明
方法を適用して構成された濁度影響補正可能な自動全窒
素測定装置の概略ブロック図であり、第5図はその自動
測定シーケンスを説明するためのタイミングチャートで
ある。 また、第6図および第7図は、本発明の技術的背景なら
びに従来技術の問題点を説明するためのものであって、
第6図は各種の試料について夫々加熱処理前と加熱処理
後との濁度変化を調べた結果を示すグラフであり、第7
図はある試料について濁度物質を含まないものと含むも
のとに対する波長−吸光度特性の測定結果の一比較例を
示すグラフである。 X……基本測定波長における硝酸イオンによる真の吸光
度、 Y……基本測定波長における(見かけの)吸光度、 Z……第2測定波長における吸光度(濁度) α……定数 αZ……濁度による影響成分。1 to 3 are graphs showing the results of various experiments that are the basis for establishing the method for measuring total nitrogen by the UV method according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a thermal decomposition treatment for various samples. FIG. 2 is a graph summarizing the results of examining the relationship between the subsequent turbidity and the apparent absorbance at a predetermined basic measurement wavelength (220 nm), and FIG. 2 <a>, <b>, <c>,
<D> and <e> are graphs showing the results of examining the relationship between the turbidity and the absorbance after the heat decomposition treatment at each set second measurement wavelength, and FIG. 3 is a graph of FIG. FIG. 3B is a graph showing the relationship between the second measurement wavelength and the gradient (sensitivity), which is a summary of the main parts of the results.
Is a graph showing the relationship between the second measurement wavelength and the correlation coefficient (linearity). FIGS. 4 and 5 show specific examples of the total nitrogen measuring method by the UV method according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an automatic turbidity effect-correctable automatic system constructed by applying the method of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of the total nitrogen measuring device, and FIG. 5 is a timing chart for explaining the automatic measurement sequence. Further, FIGS. 6 and 7 are for explaining the technical background of the present invention and the problems of the prior art,
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of examining changes in turbidity of various samples before and after heat treatment.
The figure is a graph showing a comparative example of the measurement results of the wavelength-absorbance characteristics for a sample containing no turbid substance and one containing no turbid substance. X: True absorbance by nitrate ion at basic measurement wavelength, Y: (Apparent) absorbance at basic measurement wavelength, Z: Absorbance at second measurement wavelength (turbidity) α: Constant αZ: By turbidity Influential ingredient.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 堀井 良雄 京都府京都市南区吉祥院宮の東町2番地 株式会社堀場製作所内 (72)発明者 秋山 重之 京都府京都市南区吉祥院宮の東町2番地 株式会社堀場製作所内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭53−11089(JP,A) 特開 昭55−65139(JP,A) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yoshio Horii, 2 Higashimachi, Kichijoin Miya, Minami-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto Prefecture Horiba Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (72) Shigeyuki Akiyama 2 Higashi-machi, Kichijoin-miya, Minami-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto Address in HORIBA, Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-53-11089 (JP, A) JP-A-55-65139 (JP, A)
Claims (1)
ムを加えて所定時間加熱し、試料中に含まれる窒素化合
物を硝酸イオンに変換させるとともに、有機物を分解処
理し、その後、pH調整してなる試料に対して紫外線を照
射し、その試料の基本測定波長220nmにおける吸光度Y
を測定し、その測定結果に基づいて前記試料中の全窒素
量を定量するUV法による全窒素測定方法において、前記
加熱分解処理を施した試料について、前記吸光度Yとは
別に、400nmから600nmの間の適宜の第2測定波長におけ
る吸光度Zをも測定し、 X=Y−αZ(αは試料の種類の如何によらず、設定し
た第2測定波長に対して常に一定に定まる係数) なる演算式に基づいて、前記試料の濁度による影響成分
αZを除去補助することにより、前記基本測定波長220n
mにおける前記試料中の硝酸イオンによる真の吸光度を
求めることを特徴とするUV法による全窒素測定方法。1. A sample prepared by adding alkaline potassium peroxodisulfate to a sample and heating the sample for a predetermined period of time to convert nitrogen compounds contained in the sample into nitrate ions, decomposing organic substances, and then adjusting the pH. And irradiate it with ultraviolet light, and the absorbance Y of the sample at the fundamental measurement wavelength of 220 nm
In the method of measuring total nitrogen by the UV method for measuring the total nitrogen amount in the sample based on the measurement result, the sample subjected to the thermal decomposition treatment, apart from the absorbance Y, of 400 nm to 600 nm Also, the absorbance Z at an appropriate second measurement wavelength is measured, and X = Y−αZ (α is a coefficient that is always fixed for the set second measurement wavelength regardless of the type of sample) is calculated. Based on the equation, by removing the influence component αZ due to the turbidity of the sample, the basic measurement wavelength 220n
A method for measuring total nitrogen by the UV method, which comprises obtaining a true absorbance of nitrate ion in the sample at m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1017872A JPH0797079B2 (en) | 1989-01-28 | 1989-01-28 | Total nitrogen measurement method by UV method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1017872A JPH0797079B2 (en) | 1989-01-28 | 1989-01-28 | Total nitrogen measurement method by UV method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02198341A JPH02198341A (en) | 1990-08-06 |
| JPH0797079B2 true JPH0797079B2 (en) | 1995-10-18 |
Family
ID=11955770
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1017872A Expired - Lifetime JPH0797079B2 (en) | 1989-01-28 | 1989-01-28 | Total nitrogen measurement method by UV method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0797079B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0447654U (en) * | 1990-08-30 | 1992-04-22 | ||
| CN109342345A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-02-15 | 北京连华永兴科技发展有限公司 | A kind of determination of total nitrogen content instrument |
| CN115917294A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2023-04-04 | 株式会社岛津制作所 | Water quality analyzer and water quality analysis method |
| CN112179858A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-01-05 | 杭州启绿科技有限公司 | Water quality detection method based on turbidity compensation technology |
| CN112461774A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-09 | 杭州绿洁环境科技股份有限公司 | Turbidity compensation method for total nitrogen analyzer |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5311089A (en) * | 1976-07-16 | 1978-02-01 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Gas densitometer |
| JPS6019452B2 (en) * | 1978-11-10 | 1985-05-16 | 株式会社堀場製作所 | Nitrate/nitrite ion concentration measurement method and device |
-
1989
- 1989-01-28 JP JP1017872A patent/JPH0797079B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
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|---|---|
| JPH02198341A (en) | 1990-08-06 |
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