JPH0815124B2 - Polarized electromagnet device - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a polarized electromagnet device preferably used for a relay or the like.

BACKGROUND ART FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the structure of a polarized electromagnet according to the prior art. The polarized electromagnet 51 includes a pair of U-shaped yokes 52 and 53 arranged to face each other, a permanent magnet piece 54 sandwiched and fixed between the yokes 52 and 53, and the yokes 52 and 53. The end portion 58a, 58b; the armature 55 extending between the end portions 58a, 58b; 59a, 59b.
Is erected, and the armature 55 is mounted so as to be angularly displaceable around the axis of the pivot shaft 56. Also, the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet piece 54
N, S allows each end 58a, 58b and 59a, 59b of the yoke 52,53 to be
, N and S magnetic poles are formed, for example, as shown in the figure, and a coil 57 is wound around the armature 55 so as to be orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the armature 55.

6 (1) and 6 (2) are diagrams for explaining the operation of the polarized electromagnet 51 of the prior art. Fig. 6 (1)
6 and FIG. 6 (2) both show the polar electromagnet 51 shown in FIG.
Are shown in a plan view, and corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals. Each end of the yoke 52, 53 58a, 58b; 59a, 59b
The same magnetic poles N and S as those shown in the fifth illustration are formed on each of the four end portions 58a, 58b; 59a, 59b and the two end portions 60, 61 of the armature 55. 62, 63, 64, 65 are formed.

When a current i is passed through the coil 57 in the directions indicated by the arrows a and b in FIG. 6 (1), the armature 55 is magnetized, and its both ends 60 and 61 have magnetic poles N and S respectively as shown in the drawing. This makes it possible for the above-mentioned four voids 62-65 to be voids.
A repulsive force is generated in 62 and 65, and a suction force is generated in the voids 63 and 64. As a result, one end 60 (right side of FIG. 6 (1)) of the armature 55 receives the force indicated by the arrow Fa, and the other end 61 (left side of FIG. 6 (1)). Receives the force indicated by arrow Fb. Since the forces Fa and Fb have the same magnitude and opposite directions, they act as a couple on the armature 55 supported by the pivot 56. Therefore, the armature 55 is angularly displaced about the pivot 56, and one end 60 of the armature 55 is an end of one yoke 53.
59a and the other end 61 are in pressure contact with the end 58b of the other yoke 52, respectively.

FIG. 6 (2) is a diagram for explaining the operation when a current i in the opposite direction to that in the case of FIG. 6 (1) is passed through the coil 57. Since the electric current i flows in the direction opposite to that in FIG. 6 (1), the armature 55 is opposite to that in FIG. 6 (1) and the arrows Fc, Fd
Receives force in the direction indicated by. Therefore, the armature 55 is in pressure contact with one end 58a of the yoke 52, and the other end 61 thereof is in pressure contact with one end 59b of the yoke 53, contrary to FIG. 6 (1). In this way, if the plate spring (not shown) having a movable contact is moved by the angularly displaceable armature 55 and a fixed contact (not shown) corresponding to the movable contact is provided, the coil 57 is energized to operate. The relay that does is realized.

In this way, the conventional polarized electromagnet 51 is
The armature 55 is magnetized by passing a current through the coil 57 wound around the coil 55, and a desired operation is performed by utilizing the repulsive force and the attractive force generated between the armature 55 and the yokes 52 and 53 having magnetic poles.

However, such a polarized electromagnet is
The operation is performed using only the attractive force or the repulsive force generated between the yoke 52 and the yoke 52, 53. Therefore, if the operating speed is increased, the suction force must be increased, and the suction force F is Given in. Here, φ is the magnetic flux, P is the permeance, which is the reciprocal of the magnetic resistance. In order to increase the attractive force F from the first equation, the magnetic flux φ may be increased or the area of the facing magnetic poles may be increased. On the other hand, it is costly to use a ferromagnetic magnet (rare earths, alnicos) to increase the magnetic flux φ. There has been a problem that the structure for increasing the number of magnetic fluxes by increasing the area of the magnetic poles becomes large-sized and the cost also increases.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of displacement (stroke) of the armature 55 of the polarized electromagnet 51 and the attraction force according to the prior art. In FIG. 7, the repulsive force acting on the armature 55 is shown as a suction force in the negative direction. When the area is increased or the magnetic flux φ is increased in order to increase the attraction force to increase the operation speed, the attraction force characteristics are the same as those of the reference symbols 11 up to that point.
The graph of the solid line indicated by is displaced to the graph of the two-dot chain line indicated by reference numeral 12, and as the armature 55 is displaced and approaches the end A or B, the rise or fall of the suction force characteristic becomes steep, Difference g with the suction force up to. When a polar electromagnet having such characteristics is used in a relay or the like, the change rate of the attraction force with respect to the change in the displacement (stroke) of the armature becomes too large, making it difficult to match with the leaf spring load. Therefore, a method is used in which a resistive plate is attached to the contact surface to suppress the rate of change in the attraction force at the end, but in the case of a frequently used polar electromagnet, the problem of wear of the plate occurs, The change in the characteristics becomes large. Therefore, there has been a demand for a polarized electromagnet that does not show a large change in the attraction force with respect to the change in the displacement (stroke) of the armature and that can operate at high speed.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and to provide a polarized electromagnet device which increases the attractive force in order to perform a high-speed operation and has a gentle variation in the attractive force with respect to the displacement amount (stroke) of the armature. It is to be.

Configuration of the Invention The present invention is (a) a permanent magnet piece 4 having a magnetic pole in the longitudinal direction 70, and (b) one end connected to each magnetic pole of the permanent magnet piece 4 is fixed, and the entire shape is L-shaped. (C) a pair of yoke members 2, 3 each having a substantially U-shape with the other end portions 7, 8 of which the opposing surfaces 7a, 8a of the other end portions 7, 8 are parallel to each other and which are substantially U-shaped with the permanent magnet piece 4; In the armature 5, (c1) both ends 9a, 9b are the facing surfaces 7a, 8 of the yoke members 2, 3.
an armature main body 9 which is formed in an elongated shape close to a and is angularly displaceable around the axis of the pivot 6 parallel to the facing surfaces 7a, 8a at a substantially central position between the facing surfaces 7a, 8a, (c2) Two pairs of leg portions (10,11; 12,10,11,12,12,12) extending from both sides of both ends 9a, 9b of the armature body 9 to the outsides of the other ends 7,8 of the yoke members 2,3, respectively. 13) and (c3) forming recesses 14 and 15 in the imaginary plane perpendicular to the axis of the pivot 6 in the both ends 9a and 9b of the armature body 9 to form a pair (c4). One of the leg portions (10, 11; 12, 13) (10 or 11; 13 or 12) and both outer side surfaces (7c) of the other end portions 7, 8 of the yoke members 2, 3 Or 7d; 8c or 8d) and an armature 5 which forms a space (16 or 17; 19 or 18) between the armature 5 and (d) both ends 9a, 9b of the armature body 9, and the pivot 6 Body parts 9 on both sides in the axial direction of And a coil 20 wound along both surfaces in the longitudinal direction of the armature body 9 and in the thickness direction of both ends 9a, 9b of the armature body 9. It is a device.

Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the structure of a polarized electromagnet according to an embodiment of the present invention. The polarized electromagnet 1 includes a pair of L-shaped yoke members 2 and 3, a permanent magnet piece 4 that is sandwiched between the yoke members 2 and 3 and fixed, and a pivot 6 that is erected at the center of the permanent magnet piece 4.
1 and an armature 5 mounted so as to be angularly displaceable around the vertical axis.

One end of each of the yoke members 2 and 3 is connected to one of the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet piece 4, is integrally formed with the permanent magnet piece 4, and has a U-shape as a whole. According to the magnetic poles N and S of the permanent magnet piece 4, the magnetic poles N and S are formed on the other end portions 7 and 8 which are the magnetic pole end portions of the yoke members 2 and 3, respectively, as shown in the first illustration.

The armature 5 includes an armature body 9 and an armature body 9
The leg portions 10, 11; 12, 13 that are a pair of armatures that are integrally formed and that are continuous in the longitudinal direction of
Recesses 14 and 15 are formed between 1; 12 and 13. Recess 14,15
The coil 20 is wound along the longitudinal direction of the armature body 9, and the ends 7 and 8 of the yoke members 2 and 3 are interposed between the recesses 14 and 15. As a result, four gaps 16, 17, 18 and 19 are formed between the ends 7 and 8 and the legs 10 to 13. What should be noted in this embodiment is that the first coil 20 is wound along the longitudinal direction of the armature body portion 9, which will be described later.

2 (1) and 2 (2) are views for explaining the operation of the polar electromagnet 1 according to the present embodiment. 2 (1) is a plan view of the polar electromagnet 1 shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 (2) is one leg of the armature 5.
It is a figure which expands and shows the vicinity of 10,11, and attaches the same reference mark to the part corresponding to FIG. However, for convenience of description, the coil 20 shown in the first illustration is omitted in FIGS. 2 (1) and 2 (2) and is not shown, and the recess 14 of the conductor wire as the wire forming the coil 20 is formed. See cross section at 15 2
Shown as 1a and 21b. Also, the ends 7,8 of the yoke members 2,3
It is assumed that the same magnetic poles N and S as in FIG. Next, the operation will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 (1) and 2 (2).

In FIG. 2 (1), when a current i is passed through a coil (not shown) wound along the longitudinal direction of the armature body 9 (left-right direction in FIG. 2) in the direction indicated by arrow R. , The armature 5 is magnetized and the armature body 9 and legs 10,1
Magnetic poles N and S as shown in the figures appear at 1, 12 and 13, respectively.
Therefore, the repulsive force acts on the voids 16 and 19, the suction force acts on the voids 17 and 18, and the end portions 7 and 8 are fixed, so the armature 5
Receives a force in the directions indicated by arrows f1 and f2, and as a result, is angularly displaced about the pivot 6. At this time, what should be noted is the electromagnetic force generated by the magnetic field in the recesses 14 and 15 and the current i flowing through the conductors 21a and 21b.

FIG. 2 (2) is an enlarged view showing the vicinity of one of the legs 10 and 11 of the armature 5. A plurality of conductors 21a are arrayed in the recess 14 in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.
The direction of is from the back of the paper to the front.

One end 7 of the yoke member 2 has a permanent magnet 4 (not shown).
Are magnetized to form the magnetic pole N. Therefore, a magnetic flux φ is generated from the end portion 7 toward the other end portion 8 (not shown), and this magnetic flux φ is orthogonal to the conductor wire 21a.

Now, when a current i is passed through the conductor 21a in the direction shown in the figure (direction from the back surface of the paper to the front surface), the conductor 21a generates the above-mentioned magnetic flux φ.
And the electric current i, the electromagnetic force F1 = Bil (2) is applied according to Fleming's left-hand rule. Where l is the length of the recess 14 of the conductor 21a,
That is, it is a value obtained by multiplying the length corresponding to the thickness of the armature 5 by the number of turns. The direction of the electromagnetic force F1 represented by the above second equation is the same as that of the arrow f1, that is, toward the upper side of FIG. 2 (2), which is the force f1 shown in FIG. 2 (1) above. In the same direction as. The electromagnetic force F2 generated in the other recess 15 (not shown) is also generated in the same manner, and its direction is the electromagnetic force described above.
The direction is opposite to F1 and is the same as the arrow f2 shown in FIG. 2 (1).

FIG. 3 shows a case where the current i flowing through the coil 20 (not shown) wound around the armature 5 is in the direction indicated by the arrow L opposite to that shown in FIG. 2 (from right to left in FIG. 3). It is a figure which shows operation. Since the current i is in the opposite direction, the magnetic poles generated in the armature 5 are also opposite, and the attraction force acts on the voids 16 and 19, and the repulsion force acts on 17 and 18. The lead wire 21a in the recess 14 is directed downward in FIG.
Electromagnetic force F3, F that follows Fleming's left-hand rule
4 works.

In this way, in addition to the attractive force generated in the gaps 16 to 19, the armature 5 has electromagnetic forces F1 and F1 that comply with Fleming's left-hand rule.
Since 2 or F3 and F4 are added, the suction force acting on the armature 5 increases.

To further describe the configuration, the permanent magnet piece 4 has a longitudinal direction 70
(See FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 (1)). One end of each of the pair of yoke members 2 and 3 is connected and fixed to each magnetic pole of the permanent magnet piece 4. Each of these yoke members 2 and 3 is formed into an L shape as a whole.
The mutually opposing surfaces 7a, 8a of the other end portions 7, 8 of the yoke members 2, 3 are parallel. The pair of yoke members 2 and 3 together with the permanent magnet piece 4 are substantially U-shaped.

The armature 5 has an armature body 9 and two pairs of legs 10, 11; 12, 13. Both ends 9a, 9b of the armature body 9 are formed in an elongated shape close to the facing surfaces 7a, 8a of the yoke members 2, 3. The armature body 9 is provided with a pivot 6
It is provided so as to be angularly displaceable around the axis of. The pivot 6 is parallel to the facing surfaces 7a, 8a at a substantially central position between the facing surfaces 7a, 8a. The legs 10, 11; 12, 13 are both end portions 9 of the armature body portion 9.
The upper and lower side portions of a and 9b in FIG. 2 (1) respectively extend to both outer sides of the other end portions 7 and 8 of the yoke members 2 and 3.
The recesses 14 and 15 are provided at the both ends 9a and 9b of the armature body 9,
It is formed in an imaginary plane perpendicular to the axis of the pivot 6 (an imaginary plane parallel to the paper surface of FIG. 2 (1)). Void 16 or
17 is a leg 1 of either one of the pair of legs 10 and 11.
It is formed between 0 or 11 and both outer side surfaces 7c, 7d of the other end portions 7, 8 of the yoke members 2, 3. Similarly, the void portion 19 or 18 includes one leg portion 13 or 12 of the pair of leg portions 12 and 13 and both outer side surfaces 8c or 8d of the other end portion 8 of the yoke members 2 and 3, respectively. Formed between and.

The coil 20 is wound around both ends 9a and 9b of the armature body 9. This coil 20 extends along both surfaces of the armature main body 9 on both sides in the axial direction of the pivot 6 (vertical direction in FIG. 1, vertical direction to the paper surface of FIG. 2A), and extends in the longitudinal direction of the armature main body 9. It extends in the left-right direction of FIG. 2 (1). This coil 20 is also formed in the thickness direction of both end portions 9a, 9b of the armature body 9 (vertical direction in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 (1)).
(Direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper).

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of displacement (stroke) of the armature 5 of the polar electromagnet 1 and the attractive force according to this embodiment. In FIG. 4, the repulsive force acting on the armature 5 is shown as a suction force in the negative direction.

The solid line indicated by reference numeral 1 is the reference numeral l when the current i (hereinafter, referred to as coil current i) passing through the armature 5 is 0.
The two-dot chain line indicated by 2.l4 shows the case of only the attractive force when the coil current i of the same value is applied in the opposite direction,
This is the same tendency as indicated by the reference numeral 11 in the seventh drawing described in the section of the prior art. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, as described above, the electromagnetic force F according to the Fleming's left-hand rule is applied in addition to the conventional attraction force, so that the overall attraction force increases by Δf, as shown by the solid lines indicated by reference numerals l3 and l5. And the tendency for the suction power to increase is shown. Moreover, this tendency does not result in steep rising and falling as in the conventional technique even at the ends A and B,
Since it follows a substantially parallel movement, it is easy to match the leaf spring load when responding to a relay or the like. Fluctuations and variations in the suction force at the ends A and B are reduced, and high-speed operation is realized by increasing the suction force.

Effects As described above, according to the present invention, by supplying electric power to the coil 20 to excite it, two pairs of leg portions 10 and 11;
A magnetic attraction force and a magnetic repulsion force are generated between the magnetic poles 12 and 13 and the other end portions 7 and 8 of the yoke members 2 and 3 magnetized by the permanent magnet pieces 4, so that the armature body portion 9 is pivoted. It is angularly displaced about the axis of 6. In the present invention, such leg portions 10, 11; 1
In addition to the magnetic attraction force and the magnetic repulsion force between the other end portions 7 and 8 of the yoke members 2 and 3 and the yoke members 2 and 3, more importantly in the present invention, the coil 20 is provided at both end portions of the armature body portion 9. 9a, 9
It extends in the thickness direction of b, whereby an electromagnetic force according to Fleming's left-hand rule acts on the coil 20. The electromagnetic force acting on the coil 20 acts in the same direction as the direction in which the armature body 9 is angularly displaced by the magnetic attraction force described above. Therefore, the force at the time of angular displacement of the armature main body 9 provided with the coil 20 can be increased and the operating speed can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the structure of a polarized electromagnet of one embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 3 are diagrams for explaining the operation of this embodiment, and FIG. 4 is an armature of this embodiment. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of displacement (stroke) and the attractive force, FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the structure of a polarized electromagnet of the prior art, and FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the conventional art, and FIG. The figure is a graph showing the relationship between the displacement amount (stroke) of the armature and the suction force in the prior art. 1,51 …… Polar electromagnet, 2,3 …… Yoke member, 4,54 …… Permanent magnet piece, 5,55 …… Amatya, 6,56 …… Axis, 20,57…
…coil

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An (a) permanent magnet piece 4 having a magnetic pole in a longitudinal direction 70, and (b) one end connected to each magnetic pole of the permanent magnet piece 4 is fixed to an L-shaped overall shape. Each formed,
A pair of yoke members 2, which have substantially U-shapes with the permanent magnet pieces 4 and whose opposing surfaces 7a, 8a of the other end portions 7, 8 are parallel to each other.
3 and (c) the armature 5, (c1) both ends 9a, 9b are the facing surfaces 7a, 8a of the yoke members 2, 3.
An armature body portion 9 formed in a slender shape in close proximity to, and provided so as to be angularly displaceable around the axis of the pivot shaft 6 parallel to the facing surfaces 7a, 8a at a substantially central position between the facing surfaces 7a, 8a; From both ends 9a, 9b of the main body 9,
And two pairs of leg portions (10, 11; 12, 13) extending to both outer sides of the other end portions 7, 8 of the yoke members 2, 3, respectively. The both ends 9a, 9b are formed with recesses 14, 15 in an imaginary plane perpendicular to the axis of the pivot 6, and (c4) one of the pair of legs (10, 11; 12, 13) is formed. One leg (10 or 11; 13 or 12) and yoke member
Both outer side surfaces (7c or 7d; 8c or 8) of the other end portions 7,8 of 2,3
d) between the armature 5 that forms a space (16 or 17; 19 or 18) between them and (d) the two ends 9a, 9b of the body 9 of the armature,
Along the both surfaces of the armature body 9 on both sides in the axial direction of the pivot 6, it extends in the longitudinal direction of the armature body 9 and extends in the thickness direction of both ends 9a, 9b of the armature body 9 and is wound. A polarized electromagnet device including a coil 20.