JPH0820845B2 - Occlusal display device to demonstrate the effect on temporomandibular joint occlusion - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

The present invention is used in the field of dentistry and dentistry education, and illustrates normal, abnormal or unfavorable occlusion in occlusion of the maxilla and mandible by a occlusal model of the temporomandibular joint, and simply. Explain, understand, diagnose,
The present invention relates to an occlusal display device for demonstrating the influence on the occlusion of the temporomandibular joint, which can be used for treatment and education and is easy to manufacture.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, this type of device (apparatus) has been practical in demonstrating the interrelationships between people who are unfamiliar with the field of occlusion and the behavior of temporomandibular joints. There have been examples that have been used to illustrate.

For example, US Pat. No. 4,541,807 discloses a device which is composed of a member imitating the structure of the human body involved in the temporomandibular joint and displays a normal or abnormal biting state when various tooth types are used. Known model instruments are known. The representative figure is shown in FIG.

To summarize the known device (10), as can be seen from the figure, the upper member (16) imitating the upper jaw ( 22 ), the upper jaw teeth (24) and the fossa (24) on the surface of the substrate (12). And a lower jaw (30), a lower jaw (48) and a lower member ( 30 ) imitating the condyle (50) and the like, which represent the bite state of the temporomandibular joint, and the lower member ( 30 ) is The condyle (50) is connected to the upper member (16) by a plurality of elastic members (78, 80, 82, 84), and the condyle (50) has a fossa (24) when various tooth types made of insert members are used. The upper and lower teeth (24, 48) are occluded so as to move by engaging with them, the condyle (50) is made small with respect to the fossa (24), and the hinge shaft (60) is formed by the cam element (62). ) Imitating the structure of the human body by displaying movements inside and outside the central position.

By the way, the occlusion of teeth is determined by the activity of the closed muscle with the temporomandibular joint as a fulcrum, and in normal times, the muscle activity when occlusion of the teeth is balanced left and right and front and back, which is stable. The position is called condylar stability.

[0006] Therefore, especially for clinicians, when contacting a patient suspected to have an abnormal temporomandibular joint because the jaw position is unstable and occlusion is difficult to obtain, an occlusion that may cause an abnormal temporomandibular joint when selecting a treatment method. It is necessary to understand the causes of various painful symptoms caused by the above problems, or to explain the conditions that may be the cause, and the diagnosis for this is important.

The inventor of the present invention has so far proposed a method of giving a jaw position and a method of obtaining a jaw position for treating temporomandibular disorders. In other words, the jaw position is between the maxilla and mandible,
It is dynamically determined by muscle activities such as masticatory muscles and facial muscles, and ligament structures such as temporomandibular joints and lateral ligaments, and should not be considered as statically present, so to speak, it should be regarded as a posture, that is, dynamic static. It is a thing. Therefore, in order to determine the maxillary position, it is necessary to observe the positions of the mandibular incisor points and the positions of the bilateral mandibular condyles, and the activity state of the neuromuscular mechanism.
The problem is how to achieve a resting state of the muscles and an even muscle activity state on the left and right. In addition, among the existing observation devices, the lower incisor point can be observed with MGK, the position of the lower jaw can be observed with an axiograph, and the activity state of the neuromuscular mechanism can be observed with an electromyogram.
[For example, Kazuya Fujita et al .: How to give the maxillary position for treatment of temporomandibular disorders, Prosthodontics, 24 (5), pp.613-623; ibd., 2
4 (6), pp.731-744, 1993]

[0008]

The known device described above simulates an occlusal state by using various tooth types as insert members, and introduces a cam element at a position corresponding to a hinge shaft of a lower member made of a movable plate. Then, I point out how the positions of the condyle and hinge axis in the temporomandibular joint change according to the occlusion in the oral cavity, and try to exemplify it, but in terms of faithfully reflecting the behavior of the temporomandibular joint. Inadequate model equipment. That is, although the position of the maxilla is determined by the head position, this point is ignored, and the positional relationship around the hinge axis at that time is only statically expressed by replacing the tooth model.

The occlusal state is the upper and lower dentition,
It should be understood based on the comprehensive relationship between temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscle activity, upper cervical spine, etc.It is considered that normal occlusion state means overall harmony, and abnormal occlusion state means overall discordance. However, these cannot be expressed by the known device.

Therefore, it has been insufficient in the point of matching with the method of obtaining the treatment jaw position using the device in the clinic, exemplifying the modality of treatment, and providing explanation and understanding.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and solves the above-mentioned drawbacks and allows a dynamic model faithful to a human body structure to be manufactured relatively easily at low cost, and to be maintenance-free and long-lasting. It is an object of the present invention to provide a occlusal display device for realizing a device with a long life and demonstrating the influence on the occlusion of the temporomandibular joint, which is newly improved in order to demonstrate occlusion and occlusal abnormality.

[0012]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a occlusal display device for demonstrating the influence of temporomandibular joint on occlusion. An upper member imitating teeth, fossa and atlas, and a lower jaw,
Lower member that imitates lower jaw teeth and condyles, hyoid bone-shaped member that imitates hyoid bone, cervical vertebra-like member that imitates below the axial vertebra, and guides hinge movement provided at a part corresponding to the condyle head of the lower member And a plurality of elastic members that imitate the muscles involved in the movement of the temporomandibular joint and that engage with the above-mentioned members, and a driving unit that includes a roller and a cord member. It is characterized by that.

Further, the rocking repeating means simulating the above-mentioned joint disk is composed of a fan-shaped flat plate element having an arcuate surface having a substantially corrugated shape following the shape of the fossa, and the flat plate element corresponds to a hinge shaft. The pin is loosely fitted in a long hole provided in a part corresponding to the condyle of the lower member, and is rotated outside the condyle while sliding on the inner side of the fossa and repeatedly rocked to make a hinge movement of the mouth. It is supposed to guide you.

Furthermore, in the most preferred embodiment, the lower edge of the portion corresponding to the atlas of the upper member and the upper edge of the portion corresponding to the axis of the cervical-like member are in contact with each other to support the head position of the upper member in the hinge movement. The upper member, the lower member and the cervical vertebra-like member have hooks for hooking the elastic member, and the elastic member is a rubber band, and between the upper member and the lower member,
It is to be stretched between the upper member and the cervical vertebra-like member and between the lower member and the hyoid bone-like member, so that the behaviors of each can be visually observed and the muscle activity can be explained; A flat plate element that imitates a disk slides following the shape of the fossa and guides the hinge movement while controlling the position of the condyle in the fossa; A roller and a motor and a driving roller are arranged on the back surface of the substrate. The driving roller is rotatably supported by an arm engaged with the rotation shaft of the motor, and a linear wire having a fixed length is formed through each roller. One end of the wire is locked to the end of the upper member on the substrate surface, and the other end is locked to the end of the lower member on the surface of the substrate via a driving roller on the back surface of the substrate. Cover the fossa and condyle with the front of the rocking repeater. A transparent member is provided, and the transparent member is depicted with axiographs in the normal and abnormal temporomandibular joints that match the trajectory of the pin corresponding to the hinge axis in the hinge movement; The pin can be placed so that it is in the condylar stability position to demonstrate normal occlusion, while the elastic band simulating the masseter muscle stretched between the upper and lower members can be removed to demonstrate abnormal occlusion. Overall, it is configured to selectively simulate the occlusal state and the static and dynamic behavior of the temporomandibular joint for occlusion.

[0015]

The rocking repeating means is a roughly cam element, and a flat plate element imitating a joint disc slides following the shape of the inside of the fossa to guide the hinge movement while controlling the position of the condyle in the fossa. To do.

When the driving means on the back surface of the substrate is switched on, the arm engaged with the rotary shaft of the motor rotates, and the driving roller rotatably supported by the arm rotates the fixed-length linear substrate. By pulling or pulling back from the surface and applying a tension that alternately changes the increasing and decreasing directions, each member composed of a movable plate, the elastic member, and the rocking repeating means are caused to cooperate and respond via the linear wire and each roller on the surface of the substrate.

In addition, the elastic restoring force of an elastic member having a predetermined length stretched between the members maintains the tension of the filaments without slack, and guides to return to the closed state while the tension decreases. , Repetitive operation between each member, that is, opening and closing movement of the mouth (hinge movement of the temporomandibular joint) is smoothly simulated. Of course, the elastic restoring force acts as a resistance force while the tension increases, but the driving force exceeds this.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows a front view of the device of the present invention in a closed state in a normal occlusion. Here, 1 is the device of the present invention, 2 is a substrate, 3 is an upper member, 4 is a lower member, 5 is a hyoid bone-like member, and 6
Is a cervical vertebra-like member, 7 is a rocking repeating means, 8 is an elastic member (rubber band), 9 is a hook, 10 is a roller (substrate surface), 11
Is a cord member (line), 17 is a transparent member, 31 is the temporal region, 32 is the upper jaw (part), 33 is the upper jaw tooth (part), 34 is the atlas (part), 41 is the lower jaw (part), 42 is a mandibular tooth (part), 71 is a flat plate element (joint disc), 72 is a pin (hinge axis), 73 is a long hole (against hinge axis), O
Is the axis of motion, X is the fossa and Y is the condyle.

An upper member (3) imitating the upper jaw (32), upper jaw teeth (33), fossa (X) and atlas vertebra (34) together with the temporal region (31) of the skull on the surface of the base plate, and the lower jaw (41). , A lower member (4) imitating the lower jaw teeth (42) and the condyle (Y), a hyoid bone-like member (5) imitating the hyoid bone, and a cervical vertebrae-like member (6) imitating the axis below the axis. To do. Here, the lower edge of the upper member (3) corresponding to the atlas (34) and the upper edge of the cervical vertebra-like member (6) corresponding to the axial vertebrae contact to support the head position of the upper member (3) in the hinge movement. The atlas (34) and the axial vertebrae, that is, the upper cervical vertebrae, are imitated, and the synthesized movement axis of the maxilla is in (O) in the figure.
The upper member (3), the lower member (4) and the hyoid bone-like member (5) are configured as movable plates, and the cervical vertebrae-like member (6) is a fixed plate.

Then, the rocking repeating means (7) imitating a joint disc at a portion corresponding to the condyle head (Y) of the lower member (4).
Is specifically provided as a schematic cam element, and
The fan-shaped flat plate element (71) having a substantially corrugated arc surface following the shape of the flat plate element (71) has a pin (72) corresponding to a hinge shaft, and the pin (72) is Lower member (4)
It is loosely fitted in the long hole (73) provided in the condyle equivalent part (Y) of
While sliding on the inner side of the fossa (X), it is rotated on the outer side of the condyle (Y) so as to repeatedly swing. FIG. 2 shows a front view of the flat plate element. In the figure, 74 indicated by a dotted line is a sliding part a and 75.
Is a sliding portion b, in which the flat plate element (71) is cut out in an arc shape from the back side, leaving a thickness at the upper edge portion, and forming a sliding portion (74, 75) in contact with the condyle head (Y). Is. The difference in curvature between the sliding portions (74) and (75) has an important meaning as described later.

Further, a transparent member (17) which covers the fossa (X) and the condyle (Y) is provided on the front surface of the rocking repeating means (7), and the transparent member (17) is provided with a hinge shaft in the hinge movement. Draw an axiograph in the normal and temporomandibular joints that matches the trajectory of the corresponding pin (72), and the pin (72) is in condylar stability when the teeth are occluded (when the occlusion is normal). So that it is visible. This makes it easier to grasp the dynamic static state of the temporomandibular joint behavior.

In order to explain the positional relationship between the swing repeating means (7) and the flat plate element (71) in the normal occlusion state, a partial enlarged view around the hinge shaft in FIG. 1 is shown in FIG.
4 and 5 are schematic cross-sectional views taken along the line AA and the line BB in FIG. In addition, the scale is not uniform in drawing. Sliding portions (74, 75) are formed on the upper edge portion of the flat plate element (71) by changing the wall thickness (see FIG. 2), and the condyle head (Y) is the sliding portion (74, 75). It comes in contact with 75) and slides. Therefore, in this case, the pin (72) corresponding to the hinge shaft is placed so that it is in the condylar stable position (when closed), and the condyle head (Y) slides as seen in the cross section taken along the line AA. It is in contact with the moving part (74) and must have a gap with the sliding part (75) as seen in the section taken along the line BB.

The upper member (3), the lower member (4) and the cervical vertebrae member (6) have hooks (9) for hooking the elastic member (8), and the elastic member (8) has a predetermined length. A rubber band having a height, the upper member (3) and the lower member (4)
Between the upper member (3) and the cervical vertebra-like member (6) and between the lower member (4) and the hyoid bone-like member (5). The plurality of rubber bands (8 ...
4, 5, 6) is a model of a muscle that is engaged with the movement of the temporomandibular joint, and is expanded and contracted by a drive means (12) including a roller (10) and a cord member (11), which will be described later. Behavior is visible, and muscle activity can be explained.

When the rubber band (8) imitating the masseter muscle stretched between the upper member (3) and the lower member (4) is removed, the flat plate element (71) including the pin (72) corresponding to the hinge shaft is removed. ) Has moved to the final abduction position and can statically demonstrate an occlusion of the temporomandibular joint. This state can be performed in a single operation right before, and is extremely effective as a means for explaining and understanding the influence of the temporomandibular joint on the occlusion. A front view of the closed state in this case is shown in FIG. Further, FIG. 7 shows a partially enlarged view around the hinge shaft in FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 shows a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. That is, as seen in the cross section taken along the line C-C, the condyle head (Y) has a sliding portion (7).
Move to 5) and the state of contact (abnormal occlusion) is expressed.

Next, the motion of the swinging repeating means (7) for guiding the hinge movement while controlling the position of the condyle (Y) within the fossa (X) is mechanical, and each member arranged. It can be said that it regulates the correlation motion between them (the correlation motion of the temporomandibular joint). The drive mechanism is illustrated in the schematic side view shown in FIG. In the figure, 12 is a driving means, 13 is a motor, 14 is a motor rotating shaft, 15 is an arm, and 16 is a driving roller (back surface of the substrate). As shown in the figure, the drive system and the power transmission system in the drive means (12) are composed of a plurality of rollers (10) rotatably supported on the surface of the substrate (2) and a substrate (2).
A motor (13) and a driving roller (16) are arranged on the back surface, and the driving roller (16) is rotatably supported by an arm (15) engaged with a motor rotation shaft (14). A fixed length wire (11) is connected through each roller (10, 16), and one end of the wire (11) is locked to the end of the upper member (3) on the surface of the substrate (2). At the same time, the other end is locked to the end of the lower member (4) on the front surface of the substrate (2) via the driving roller (16) on the rear surface of the substrate (2).

Further, a plurality of elongated holes are formed on the substrate (2) on the circumference centered on the movement axis (O) located at the portion corresponding to the atlas (34) of the upper member (3) when viewed from the back surface. In the elongated hole, a pin which is planted on the back side of each member composed of a movable plate is loosely inserted to ensure a movable range in the hinge movement. (A schematic back view of the device for explaining the back surface of the substrate is omitted.)

The drive means (12) on the back surface of the substrate (2)
When the switch is turned on, the arm (15) engaged with the motor rotating shaft (14) rotates. And the arm (15)
A driving roller (16) rotatably supported on the substrate moves so as to cyclically change the tension by pulling or pulling the fixed length filament (11) from the surface of the substrate (2). Therefore, it can be said that the working mode of the filaments (11) on the surface of the substrate (2) acts like a slipper. This rotation of the motor is convenient for operation if it can be rotated forward and backward by a lever switch or the like. (Not shown)

Thus, when the driving roller (16) takes up the filament (11), that is, the filament (11)
In the increasing direction of the tension, the movable members (3, 4, 5) move toward the open state, and when the pulling operation is performed, that is, in the decreasing direction of the tension, the movable members (3, 4, 5) move toward the closed state. Each movable member (3, 3
4, 5) are guided by the elastic restoring force of the rubber band (8) to return to the original state (closed state) while maintaining the tension of the filament (11) without slack, and the repeated operation between the members, that is, The mouth opening / closing movement (hinge movement of the temporomandibular joint) is simulated.

To explain this again from the motion state, the upper jaw (32) rotates about the axis (O) in the figure, and the condyle (Y) rotates / slides via the swinging repeater (7). The movement of the lower jaw (41) associated therewith (virtually) also corresponds to the movement axis (O) in the figure, and the movements of the upper jaw (32) and the lower jaw (41) (O) in the figure. Can be expressed as a motion with the axis of rotation as the axis of rotation, and has a model structure that is consistent with the human body structure. This is the first time that the behavior of the temporomandibular joint is dynamically explained. Here, FIG. 10 shows a front view of the open state during the opening / closing motion.

[0030]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The present invention is constructed as described above. According to the present invention, it becomes possible to dynamically grasp the movement of the temporomandibular joint, and moreover, it is possible to visually check the movement of the temporomandibular joint. The ability can be greatly improved.

Furthermore, since it is a low-cost, relatively easy-to-manufacture, maintenance-free, and long-life device, it is used for diagnosis, treatment and dentistry education of temporomandibular joint disorders such as occlusion and occlusion. It has the advantage that it can be used meaningfully and is easily spread.

As a whole, it satisfies the needs of those skilled in the art, and can be expected to be utilized as a communication means that they have.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a closed state of a occlusal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention during normal occlusion.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a flat plate element of the same.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the vicinity of the hinge shaft in FIG.

4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.

5 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a closed state at the time of abnormal occlusion.

FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view around the hinge shaft in FIG.

8 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a schematic side view illustrating a drive mechanism.

FIG. 10 is a front view showing an open state during the opening / closing motion.

FIG. 11 is a representative view (front view) of a conventional example (USP4541807).

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 device of the present invention 2 substrate 3 upper member 4 lower member 5 hyoid bone-like member 6 cervical vertebra-like member 7 oscillating repeating means 8 elastic member (rubber band) 9 hooks 10 roller 11 rope member (line) 12 driving means 13 motor 14 Motor rotating shaft 15 Arm 16 Driving roller (back side of substrate) 17 Transparent member 31 Temporal head 32 Upper jaw (part) 33 Upper jaw tooth (part) 34 Atlas (part) 41 Lower jaw (part) 42 Lower jaw tooth (part) 71 Flat plate element (joint disk) 72 Pin (hinge axis) 73 Long hole (against hinge axis) 74 Sliding part a 75 Sliding part b O Movement axis X Fossa Y Condyle

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A movable plate such as an upper member imitating an upper jaw, upper jaw teeth and a fossa and a lower jaw, a lower member imitating a lower jaw tooth and a condyle is arranged on a substrate surface, and a temporomandibular joint is interposed between these members via an elastic body. In the occlusal display device that simulates the motion of the human body and can demonstrate the effect on the temporomandibular joint occlusal, the upper part that constitutes the temporal part of the skull, the upper member that imitates the upper jaw, upper jaw teeth, fossa and atlas, and the lower and lower jaws. A lower member that imitates teeth and condyles, a hyoid bone-shaped member that imitates the hyoid bone, a cervical vertebra-like member that imitates the axis below the vertebra, and a hinge that is provided at a portion corresponding to the condyle head of the lower member. A rocking repeating means imitating a joint disc, a plurality of elastic members imitating the muscles involved in the movement of the temporomandibular joint engaged with the respective members, and a driving means including a roller and a cord member. Occlusal display device for demonstrating the effect of temporomandibular joint on occlusion Place. 2. A swinging repeating means simulating the joint disc,
It consists of a fan-shaped flat plate element having a substantially corrugated arc surface following the shape of the fossa, and this flat plate element has a pin corresponding to the hinge axis, and the pin is provided at a portion corresponding to the condyle of the lower member. 2. The influence on the occlusion of the temporomandibular joint according to claim 1, which is loosely fitted in the hole, pivots on the outside of the condyle while sliding inside the fossa, and repeatedly swings to guide the hinge movement of the mouth. An occlusal display device to demonstrate 3. The upper cervical spine, which is in contact with the lower edge of the upper vertebrae of the upper member and the upper edge of the cervical vertebra-like member, supports the head position of the upper member in the hinge movement; The member, the lower member and the cervical vertebrae member have hooks for locking the elastic member, and the elastic member is a rubber band, and the upper member and the lower member, between the upper member and the cervical vertebrae member, and the lower member and the hyoid bone It is to be stretched between the members, and each behavior can be visually observed and the muscle activity can be explained; the rocking repeating means is a general cam element, and the flat plate element imitating the joint disc follows the shape of the fossa. Slides to guide the hinge movement while controlling the position of the condyle in the fossa; a plurality of rollers rotatably supported on the front surface of the substrate and a motor and a driving roller on the back surface of the substrate. Install the drive roller Is rotatably supported by an arm engaged with a rotating shaft of a motor, and a fixed-length wire is connected through these rollers, one end of which is connected to an end of an upper member on the substrate surface. While being stopped, the other end is locked to the end of the lower member on the front surface of the substrate via the driving roller on the back surface of the substrate; a transparent member is provided on the fossa and condyle on the front surface of the swing repeating means, and the transparent member is provided. Axiographs of normal and abnormal temporomandibular joints that match the trajectory of the pin corresponding to the hinge axis in the above-mentioned hinge movement are drawn on the member; the pin is in the condylar stable position for static occlusion at the time of closure. Can be used to demonstrate normal occlusion, while removing the elastic band imitating the masseter muscle stretched between the upper and lower members to demonstrate occlusion abnormality; Overall, occlusal state and temporomandibular joint for occlusion Static and dynamic behavior of Occlusion exhibition equipment to demonstrate the effect on occlusion of temporomandibular joint according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that so as to simulate the 択的.