JPH0826863B2 - Scroll compressor - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a scroll compressor for a refrigerator such as an air conditioner or a refrigerator.

2. Description of the Related Art A scroll-type compressor has a structure in which lubricating oil is supplied to the compression chamber for the purpose of sealing the flow gap of a compression chamber composed of fixed spiral blades and swirl spiral blades and lubricating the sealing material at the blade tips. ing.

Generally, a so-called low-pressure type compressor in which the pressure of the refrigerant gas on the suction side acts inside the closed container is inevitably provided with a lubricating oil groove on the suction side, and all the lubricating oil supplied to the compression chamber remains unchanged. It is designed to be discharged to the outside of the compressor.

If the amount of lubricating oil discharged is too large, not only lubrication failure will occur, but also the refrigerating capacity of the refrigerator will decrease.

Therefore, it is important that a low-pressure compressor always supplies an appropriate amount of lubricating oil to the compression chamber.

FIG. 5 is an example of a conventional scroll compressor. In the figure, a stator 2 and a rotor 3 of an electric motor are arranged inside a closed container 1, a scroll type compression mechanism 4 is provided above the electric motor, and a crankshaft 5 of a drive shaft thereof is arranged in the rotor 3. Are combined.

The refrigerant enters the closed container 1 through the suction pipe 6 and is sucked into the compression mechanism 4 through the suction port 7.

8 is a fixed spiral blade component, 9 is the spiral blade, and 10 is its end plate. Further, 11 is a swirling spiral blade part, and 12 and 13
Are the spiral blade and the end plate, respectively. The spiral blades 9 and 12 are combined with each other to form a compression chamber 14 that reduces its volume while moving from the outer periphery toward the center to perform a compression action. The compressed refrigerant discharged from the discharge port 15 at the center of the fixed spiral vane component 8 is guided to the discharge pipe 18 from the compression mechanism frame component 17.

The pressure in the compression chamber 14 causes the swirling spiral blade part 11 to move into the compression chamber.
The force applied to the opposite side of 14 is supported by the thrust bearing 20 fixed to the bearing component 19. First of crankshaft 5
The main shaft 21 and the second main shaft 22 are supported by the bearing component 19.
Inside the first main shaft 21, a swivel drive bearing 23 is provided eccentrically from the axial center of the main shaft 21, and the swivel drive shaft 24 provided on the end plate 13 of the swirl spiral blade component 11 is fitted into this swivel drive bearing 23.
On the outer periphery of the thrust bearing 20, a rotation restraint component 25 having keys 27 on both sides of an annular body 26 is arranged in order to restrain the rotation of the swirl spiral blade 11, and a lubricating oil 28 is provided below the closed container 1. Is stored, and an oil supply port 29 provided at the tip of the crankshaft 5 opens into this lubricating oil. Lubricating oil passes through the oil supply hole 30, the oil supply groove 31, and the through hole 32 of the crankshaft 5, passes through the oil groove 34 provided on the orbiting drive bearing 23, passes through the oil groove on the first main shaft 21, and is extracted by the lubricant provided on the bearing component 19. Discharged through mouth 35.

The bearing component 19 is provided with a small-diameter oil passage 36 that communicates with the inside and outside of the thrust bearing 20. Depending on the difference between the pressure of the lubricating oil on the inner circumference of the thrust bearing and the pressure near the outer circumference of the spiral blades 9 and 12. Lubricating oil is supplied to the compression chamber 14.

Therefore, in this case, the supply amount of the lubricating oil per unit time does not depend much on the rotation speed.

FIG. 6 shows another conventional example. A bearing portion 43 that pivotally supports a crankshaft 42 having an oil supply means 41 is formed on the back surface of the swirling spiral blade component 40, and the back surface of the swirling spiral blade component 40 is supported by a frame 45 via a thrust bearing 44. A sliding body 46 for slidingly guiding the swirling spiral blade component 40 in one direction, and a sliding body receiver 47 for slidably mounting the sliding body 46 and guiding it in the other direction orthogonal to one direction. A rotation prevention mechanism is provided. An oil chamber 49 having a variable volume due to sliding of the sliding body 46 is formed between the sliding body 46 and the sliding body receiver 47 before and after the sliding direction of the sliding body 46,
Lubricating oil is supplied from the oil chamber 49 to the oil groove provided in the thrust bearing 44.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, the above-described conventional techniques have the following problems. The lubricating oil supplied to the compression chamber is partially bypassed from the lubrication path or is supplied by deviation from the gap, so an appropriate amount of lubricating oil can be used when the rotational speed, refrigerant pressure, and temperature change significantly. It was difficult to reliably supply. In the case of a low-pressure compressor, most of the lubricating oil supplied to the compression chamber is taken out of the compressor.If a large amount of lubricating oil is supplied, reliability will drop significantly due to lack of lubricating oil, or the refrigeration capacity will decrease. A problem such as a significant decrease in If a small amount is supplied to avoid this, the effect of sealing in the compression chamber cannot be secured, and the compressor efficiency will be significantly reduced. As in the second conventional example, it is also possible to provide an oil chamber having a variable capacity to intermittently supply the lubricating oil to the thrust bearing, but this configuration is complicated and causes a significant increase in cost, and The supply of lubricating oil to the compression chamber is similar to that of the first conventional example, that is, it has the same problem.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and in a low-pressure scroll compressor, corresponding to the rotation speed, sufficient and appropriate lubricating oil is supplied to the compression chamber irrespective of the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant, and the reliability of the compressor is improved. The purpose of the invention is to significantly improve the cooling efficiency and to avoid the deterioration of the refrigerating capacity.

Means for Solving the Problems Technical means for solving the problems of the conventional scroll compressor described above are provided with spiral blades on one surface of each end plate, and the respective blades are mutually Fixed swirl vane parts that combine to compress gas, swirl swirl vane parts, crankshaft that swivel-drives the vane parts, bearing parts that support the main shaft of this crankshaft, and rotation due to compression pressure applied to the swirl spiral vane parts A scroll type compression mechanism comprising a thrust bearing for supporting an axial force in contact with and supporting a swivel bearing surface of the end plate opposite to the vane, and a rotation restraint component for restraining the rotation of the swirl spiral blade component. The rotation restraint part is provided outside the thrust bearing, and the rotation restraint part has a structure in which keys or key grooves are provided on both sides of the ring body, respectively. The distance between the inner surface and the outer peripheral surface of the thrust bearing is made smaller than the average distance in the moving direction of the annular body in the direction perpendicular to the reciprocating direction, and the inner surface of the annular body, the outer peripheral surface of the thrust bearing, and the plane of the bearing component side The expansion / contraction space surrounded by the swivel bearing surface is formed, the space outside the annular body is opened to the space outside both spiral blades, and the compression mechanism is lubricated inside the thrust bearing without including the space outside this thrust bearing. A circuit is further provided, and means for delivering a limited amount of lubricating oil is provided between the lubrication circuit and the expansion / contraction space, and the expansion / contraction space and the outer space of the annular body are rotated by the swirling motion of the swirling spiral blade part. The outer peripheral space of the swivel bearing surface is formed so as to be repeatedly passed through and properly cut.

Further, the outer peripheral space of the swivel bearing surface is formed by a step provided on the outer peripheral portion of the end plate of the swirl spiral blade component.

Action The action of the technical means of the present invention is as follows.

The expansion / contraction space formed by the outer peripheral surface of the thrust bearing and the inner peripheral surface of the rotation-restraining component and the outer peripheral portions of both the swirling and fixed spiral blades are connected and disconnected by the outer peripheral space of the rotary bearing surface as the crankshaft rotates. Repeated. At this time, the lubricating oil accumulated in the expansion / contraction space is supplied to the compression chamber at the time of communication and stopped at the time of interruption due to the pumping action of the reciprocating motion of the annular body. Lubricating oil is supplied.

EXAMPLE An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

In the figure, 60 is a fixed spiral blade component, and 61 and 62 are its blades and end plates. 64 is a swirling spiral blade part, 65, 66
Is the blade and the end plate. 67 is the swirling spiral blade part
A crankshaft for driving 64, 68 is a bearing component for supporting the crankshaft. 69 is the swirling spiral blade part
Thrust bearings that support the force in the direction of the rotation axis due to the compressive pressure applied to 64, and 70 are rotation restraint parts that restrain the rotation of the swirling spiral blade part 64, and keys 72a are provided on both sides of the annular body 72. . Fixed spiral blade part 6 above
0, swirling spiral blade component 64, crankshaft 67, bearing component 6
8. The scroll compression mechanism 71 is composed of the thrust bearing 69 and the rotation restraint component 70.

In the case of this embodiment, the outer peripheral shape of the thrust bearing 69 is a perfect circle, and the rotation restraint component 70 arranged on the outer side thereof is the crankshaft.
As the 67 rotates, it reciprocates in the direction of the key 72a, that is, in the direction of arrow A in FIG. Further, the annular body 72 is
The swirl vane component 64 has a thickness that allows it to freely move with a very small gap between the swirl bearing surface 73 and the plane 74 on the bearing component 68 side. Due to these dimensions and structure,
The closed space surrounded by the outer peripheral surface 75 of the thrust bearing 69, the inner peripheral surface 76 of the annular body 72, the swivel bearing surface 73, and the flat surface 74 on the bearing component 68 side has a volume that alternates with the reciprocating motion of the rotation restraint component 70. To form a pair of substantially closed spaces that expand and contract to expand and contract.

The lubricating oil supply circuit 79 does not include the outer space 80 of the annular body 72 of the rotation restraint component 70, that is, does not include the suction portion of the scroll compression mechanism 71, and is formed on the inner side 81 of the thrust bearing 69. However, since a limited amount of lubricating oil is delivered from the lubricating oil supply circuit 79 to the expansion / contraction spaces 77, 78 via the oil groove 69a formed in the thrust bearing 69, the lubricating oil is expanded / contracted in the expansion / contraction space 77,
Since the oil is accumulated in 78, the scroll compression mechanism 71 is not directly lubricated.

Reference numerals 82a, 82b, 82c, and 82d denote outer peripheral spaces provided on the swirl bearing surface 73 of the swirl spiral blade component 64, and in this embodiment, they are constituted by four steps.

Next, the operation will be described with reference to FIG. The figure is a model representation of the operation of the thrust bearing 69, the expansion / contraction spaces 77, 78, and the annular body 72 of the rotation restraint component 70 during rotation.
The change of the expansion and contraction space due to the rotation of the crankshaft 67, that is, 77 shows the process from expansion to contraction, and 78 shows the process from contraction to expansion.

When the rotation restraint component 70 starts reciprocating motion and the swirling spiral vane component 64 starts swirling motion with the rotation of the crankshaft 67, the volume of the expansion / contraction space 77 decreases and 78 expands. The two spaces that were blocked at this time, namely the telescopic space 77,
The outer space 80 and the outer space 80 are communicated with each other by outer peripheral spaces 82a and 82d formed in the swivel bearing surface 73, respectively. (77 from 82a
The distance between the outer circumference of the thrust bearing 69 and the inner circumference of the annular body 72 is smaller than the average distance in the moving direction of the annular body 72 in the direction perpendicular to the reciprocating direction. Since it is configured, the lubricating oil in the expansion / contraction space 77 in the contracting process by the pump action is supplied from the outer peripheral space 82a to the outer space 80. Since the expansion / contraction space 78 expands in volume, the lubricating oil in the expansion space 78 is hardly supplied to the outer space 80. When the movement further proceeds, the two spaces (the expansion spaces 77 and 78 and the outer space 80) are cut off. This operation is repeated with the rotation, and the lubricating oil according to the rotation speed is supplied to the outer space 80, that is, the suction portion of the compression mechanism 71. The lubricating oil supplied to this suction portion is supplied to the compression chamber of the compression mechanism 71 as it is.

Advantageous Effects of Invention The effect of the present invention is to ensure that the lubricating oil necessary for sealing and lubricating the leak gap of the compression mechanism corresponds to the rotation speed of the compressor, regardless of the suction and discharge pressures, and in excess and deficiency. Since it is supplied, it is possible to realize a compressor with high reliability and extremely high refrigerating capacity.

Further, by forming the outer peripheral space of the swivel bearing surface by the steps, the above effect can be realized at a very low cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a compressor showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a detailed view of a basic part of the compressor, FIG. 3 is a detailed view of a basic part of the compressor, and FIG. Is an operation principle diagram showing the operation of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a compressor showing a conventional example, and FIG. 6 is a partial vertical sectional view of a compressor showing a conventional example. 60 …… Fixed spiral blade parts, 61,65 …… Wings, 62,66 ……
End plate, 64 …… Swirl spiral blade parts, 67 …… Crank shaft, 68
...... Bearing parts, 69 ...... Thrust bearings, 70 …… Spinning restraint parts, 71 …… Scroll compression mechanism, 72 …… Annulus, 73
...... Swivel bearing surface, 74 …… Flat surface, 75 …… Outer peripheral surface, 76 ……
Inner peripheral surface, 77, 78 ... expansion and contraction space, 80 ... outer space (compression mechanism suction part), 82a to 82d ... outer peripheral space (step).

Front Page Continuation (72) Inventor Hiroshi Karato 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Reference JP-A-61-234288 (JP, A)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A fixed spiral blade component for compressing gas by providing spiral blades (61) (65) on one surface of each end plate (62) (66) and compressing gas by combining the respective blades with each other. 60) and a swirling spiral blade part (64), a crankshaft (67) for swivel-driving the swirl blade part, and a bearing part (68) for supporting the main shaft of the crankshaft (67).
And the force in the direction of the rotation axis due to the compression pressure applied to the swirling spiral blade component (64), the blade (65) of the end plate (66).
A scroll including a thrust bearing (69) that abuts against and supports a swivel bearing surface (73) located on the opposite side to the swivel bearing surface (73), and a rotation restraint component (70) that restrains the rotation of the swirl spiral blade component (64). Type compression mechanism, the rotation restraint component (70) is arranged outside the thrust bearing (69), and the rotation restraint component (70) is provided on both sides of the annular body (72) with a key (72a). Alternatively, the keyway is provided, and the distance between the inner surface of the annular body (72) and the outer peripheral surface of the thrust bearing (75) is set to be larger than the average distance in the moving direction of the annular body (72) in the reciprocating direction. By reducing the distance in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the inner surface (76) of the annular body (72), the outer peripheral surface (75) of the thrust bearing, the flat surface (74) of the bearing component side, and the swivel bearing surface (73). The surrounding expansion / contraction space (77) (78) is formed, and the space (80) outside the annular body (72) is It is opened to the outer space of both the spiral blades, and the lubricating circuit of the compression mechanism is formed inside the thrust bearing (69) without including the outer space of the thrust bearing (69). A means for delivering a limited amount of lubricating oil is provided between the expansion spaces (77) (78), and the expansion spaces (77) (78) are provided.
A scroll formed so that the outer space (80) of the annular body (72) and the outer space (80) of the orbiting spiral blade component (64) communicate with and cut off by the outer peripheral space of the orbiting bearing surface (73). Compressor. 2. An outer peripheral space (82a-82) of the swivel bearing surface (73).
The scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein d) is constituted by a step provided on the outer peripheral portion of the end plate of the swirling spiral blade component (64).