JPH082728B2 - Automotive air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioner for a vehicle that automatically adjusts a thermal environment condition inside a vehicle compartment to a target thermal environment condition.

2. Description of the Related Art Some automotive air conditioners include a set room temperature set by the operation of an occupant, a room temperature detected by a room temperature sensor provided in the passenger compartment (hereinafter simply referred to as a detected room temperature), and a solar radiation provided on the vehicle body. In response to the thermal environment information inside and outside the passenger compartment, such as the amount of solar radiation detected by the quantity sensor and the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor installed on the vehicle body To make the thermal environment the target thermal environment,
A so-called automatic air conditioner (automatic air conditioner) is known.

In this type of automobile air conditioner, as shown in FIG. 6, the set room temperature is raised when the outside temperature is low, and the set room temperature is lowered when the outside temperature is high. There is one in which a preset room temperature that has already been set by the operation of the occupant is inversely proportional to the outside air temperature and is corrected within a range of, for example, ± 2 ° C.

This is because the human feeling is that when the environment is hot, the room temperature is lowered to obtain a "cool" thermal sensation, while when the environment is cold, the room temperature is raised to be "warm".
A feeling of heat and cold is obtained. By performing the correction in which the set room temperature is inversely proportional to the ambient temperature in this manner, the thermal sensation is stimulated and the user feels more comfortable.

However, although the thermal sensation is one of the items that are ergonomically highly subject to individual differences, the correction amount for the set room temperature is uniquely set based on the outside temperature. Therefore, it was not always possible to say that comfortable air conditioning for individual passengers could be obtained.

Means for Solving the Problem A target air conditioning condition is calculated based on the detected room temperature, the outside air temperature, the amount of solar radiation, and other thermal environment information inside and outside the vehicle and the set room temperature input from the thermal environment information input means, and the air conditioning condition is the target air conditioning condition. In order to maintain the condition, in an automobile air conditioner that drives the air conditioner main body to air-condition the vehicle interior, an occupant thermal environment sensation input means for declaring a thermal environment sensation in the passenger compartment sensed by an occupant, and A degree of the thermal environment information and a weight for this degree are calculated, and a correction means for correcting the target air conditioning condition from the weight and the degree of the thermal environment feeling of the occupant input from the thermal environment feeling input means. It is prepared. The air conditioning conditions in the present invention mean the temperature of blown air, the amount of blown air, the blowing mode, the wind direction of the vent grill, the range of the wind direction, and the like.

When the occupant operates the occupant thermal environment input means, the correction means calculates the degree and weight of the thermal environment information, and according to the weight and the thermal environment sensation of the occupant, for example, it has already been set by the operation of the occupant. The target blown air temperature, that is, the target air conditioning condition is corrected by correcting the set room temperature, and the air conditioner main unit is driven based on this corrected target air conditioning condition, and the vehicle interior is air-conditioned to a state suitable for each passenger. To be done.

Example 1st Example (refer to FIGS. 1-3) In this 1st Example, as shown roughly in FIG. 1, as an air conditioner body 1, a thermal environment information input means 2, and a main switch of an air conditioner. The automatic switch 3, the control device 4, the occupant thermal environment sensation input means 5, the thermal environment sensation display means 6, the room temperature setting device 48, and the correction means 7.

The air conditioner body 1 includes a blower unit 10, a cooling unit 11, a heater unit 12, and a duct unit 13. The blower unit 10 is provided with an outside air introduction port 15, an inside air introduction port 16, an intake door 17, and a blower fan 18. The outside air introduction port 15 receives the traveling wind pressure to introduce outside air. The inside air introduction port 16 introduces the air in the passenger compartment. The intake door 17 selectively opens and closes the outside air introduction port 15 and the inside air introduction port 16 by an actuator 19 driven by the control device 4. The blower fan 18 is rotated by a blower fan motor 20 as an actuator driven by the control device 4.
The cooling unit 11 is provided with an evaporator 21. The evaporator 21 cools the passing air with the refrigerant supplied from the refrigeration cycle including a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and the like (not shown). The heater unit 12 is provided with a heater core 22, an air mix door 23, and an air mix chamber 24. The heater core 22 warms the passing air with hot water supplied from a heating cycle composed of an engine, a hot water cock, and the like (not shown). The actuator 25 driven by the control device 4 controls the air mix door 23 so that the air cooled by passing through the evaporator 21 bypasses the heater core 22 and remains cold and the air passing through the evaporator 21 cools. It is opened and closed so as to adjust the ratio with the warm air warmed by passing through the heater core 22. The duct unit 13 includes a defroster duct 27, a ventilator duct 28, a foot duct 29, a defroster door 30, and a ventilator door 31.
And a foot door 32 are provided. Defroster duct 27
Is connected to the defroster outlet 34 provided in the instrument panel 33, and blows the conditioned air toward the front window (not shown). The defroster outlet 34 is provided with a louver 35 as a wind direction setting device. The ventilator duct 28 is connected to a ventilator outlet 36 provided in the instrument panel 33, and blows the conditioned air toward the upper body of the occupant. The ventilator outlet 36 is provided with louvers 37 and 38 as wind direction setting devices.
The air outlet of the foot duct 29 blows the conditioned air toward the feet of the occupant. The defroster door 30, the ventilator door 31, and the foot door 32 individually open and close the defroster duct 27, the ventilator duct 28, and the foot duct 29 by actuators 40, 41, and 42 driven by the control device 4.

The thermal environment information input means 2 is for inputting a plurality of thermal environment information inside and outside the vehicle, and includes a room temperature sensor 45 and an outside air temperature sensor.
It is composed of 46 and a solar radiation sensor 47. Room temperature sensor 45
Detects the ambient temperature of the current in the cabin as detected room temperature T _ics, and outputs an electrical amount corresponding to the detected room temperature T _ics the control unit 4. Outside air temperature sensor 46 detects the ambient temperature of the current vehicle exterior as air temperature T _a, and outputs an electrical amount corresponding to the air temperature T _a to the control unit 4. The solar radiation sensor 47 outputs to the control device 4 an electrical quantity corresponding to the received solar radiation S. The room temperature setting device 48 is generally provided on the air-conditioning operation panel (not shown) located in a portion of the passenger compartment where the passenger can easily operate, and the blower fan switch (not shown), the inside / outside air mode setting device (not shown), and the blowout (not shown). Assembled with the mouth mode setting device, the temperature desired by the occupant is _set as the set room temperature T _set by the operation of the occupant, and the amount of electricity corresponding to the set room temperature T _set is output to the control device 4.

The auto switch 3 constitutes a main switch of an air conditioner together with a manual switch (not shown), and is generally mounted on the above-mentioned air conditioning operation panel.

The control device 4 is configured by a microcomputer, and the detection room temperature T _ic becomes a set room temperature T _set according to a manual program preset in the memory of the microcomputer as a system base by turning on the manual switch. Then, the air conditioner body 1 is drive-controlled. In the drive control by this manual program, the air volume of the conditioned air is selected by the ON operation amount by the occupant of the blower fan switch described above, and the inside / outside air mode is operated by the occupant of the inside / outside air mode setting device described above, and the inside air circulation mode and outside air introduction are performed. One of the mode and the half-inside air circulation / semi-outside air introduction mode is selected, and the outlet mode is selected from, for example, one of a vent mode, a foot mode, and a defrost mode by the operation of the occupant of the outlet mode setting device. The addition control device 4 ON Automatic switch 3, according to a preset automatic program as a system based on the memory of the microcomputer, detects room temperature T _ics, outside air temperature T _a, the amount of solar radiation S, such as set room temperature T _set In addition to the function of driving and controlling the air conditioner main body 1 so that the thermal environment state in the vehicle compartment becomes the target thermal environment state in accordance with the thermal environment information, the occupant of the occupant due to individual differences, which is performed by the correction unit 7, It has a function of correcting the set room temperature T _set according to the degree of the thermal environment feeling H _{f and} the degree of the thermal environment information, and adaptively controlling the air conditioner body 1. Further, in the automatic program of the control device 4, the knowledge for defining the relationship between the target blown air temperature and the blowout port mode shown in step 121 of FIG. 3 and the temperature difference and the blower fan shown in step 122 of FIG. Knowledge that defines the relationship with the voltage applied to the motor ……, and the target air temperature formula T _of = A ・ T _a + B ・ T _ic + C ・ T _set * ＋ D ・ S + E ……
, Air mix door opening type X = F · T _of ² + G · T _of + H, and so on are incorporated. The coefficients A, B, C,
D, E, F, G and H are constants.

The occupant thermal environment sensation input means 5 is mounted on, for example, the above-described air conditioning operation panel, and the occupant's thermal environment sensation H _f in the passenger compartment is, for example, a thermal sensation T _{f-1 of} "hot" and a "cold". The thermal sensation H _f-2 is declared, and the self-resetting button switch 50 that corresponds to the thermal sensation H _f-1 "hot"
And a self-resetting button switch 51 corresponding to the cold sensation H _f-2, which is called "cold".
As indicated by 108 to 110, when the auto switch 3 is in the on-operation, the occupant pushes the button switch 50 to cause the control device 4 to supply an electric quantity corresponding to the thermal sensation H _f-1 of "hot". When the occupant presses the button switch 51, the occupant outputs a quantity of electricity corresponding to the cold sensation H _f-2 of "cold" to the control device 4.

The thermal environment sensation display means 6 is provided on the instrument panel 33, which is a portion of the vehicle body that is easily seen by the occupant, and the "hot" and "cold" thermal sensation H input from the occupant thermal environment sensation input means 5 to the control device 4 is obtained. _The display terms as shown in Table 1 below are displayed according to the degree of _f so that the occupant can visually recognize or hear them. For example, the display terms include a liquid crystal device or a sound generating device.

Since the control device 4 is configured as a microcomputer, the correction means 7 is set as a separate system base in the memory of the microcomputer. For example, the thermal environment information evaluation formula W = I · T _ic inside and outside the vehicle + J · S + K · T _a + L ... and the thermal environment information evaluation value (degree of thermal environment information) W is 0 to 6
Of the thermal environment information evaluation classification value W ₁ of 7 steps, which is an integer of ......, and the relationship between the operating condition of the passenger thermal environment sensation input means 5 and the thermal sensation evaluation value Y as shown in Table 2 below ( Knowledge that defines the degree of thermal environment ..... Knowledge to classify the thermal sensation evaluation value Y into seven thermal sensation classification evaluation values Y ₁ as shown in Table 3 below. As shown in Table 4 below, the thermal environment information category evaluation value W ₁ and the thermal sensation category evaluation value Y _{1 are the} latest correction amount Z and the past average correction amount.
Knowledge that defines the relationship with Z ₁ ... The weighting formula K = 1- (ta × M +) ⁻¹ , the average correction amount formula average correction amount = Z ₁ × (1-K) + (Z × K), ... As shown in steps 103 to 118 of FIG. 3, the degree of the thermal environment information inside and outside the vehicle and the weight K for this degree are calculated, and this weight K is input from the passenger thermal environment sensation input means 5. The set room temperature T _set set in the control device 4 is corrected by operating the room temperature setting device 48 of the occupant based on the degree of the thermal sensation H _f of “hot” and “cold”. This corrected room temperature is _set as T _set * to distinguish it from the set room temperature T _set . It should be noted that ta included in the weighting formula is the maintenance time of the set room temperature (correction set room temperature) T _set * after the correction operation, that is, the time when the correction set room temperature T _set * is maintained until the next update. The coefficients I, J, K, L in the above equation and the coefficient M in the equation are all constants.

The operation of the first embodiment described above is performed by the occupant using the auto switch 3
The case of turning on is described in detail with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS.

First, in step 101, it is determined whether the auto switch 3 is set to on or off. If the auto switch 3 is on, the process proceeds to step 102, and if the auto switch 3 is off, the process returns to step 101.

Next, at step 102, the outside air temperature sensor 46, the room temperature sensor 45,
The outside air temperature T _a , the detected room temperature T _ic , and the insolation amount S as the thermal environment information inside and outside the vehicle output from each insolation amount sensor 47 are
The set room temperature T _set from the room temperature setting device 48, and the thermal sensation H _f as the thermal environment sensation output from the passenger thermal environment sensation input means 5,
Furthermore, the scanning time t _{0 of the} microcomputer
0.03 seconds is temporarily stored in the sub memory of the microcomputer.

In step 103, it is determined whether or not the passenger has reported the thermal sensation H _f . If the thermal sensation H _f has been declared, proceed to step 104. If the thermal sensation H _f has not been declared, step 1
Go to 05.

In step 104 resets the keeping time t _a (i) of the current to the thermal environment information classified evaluation value W _2. Here, i corresponds to 0 to 6 of the thermal environment information classification evaluation value W ₁ described later.

In step 105 adds the maintaining time t _a corrected operation corresponding to the current thermal environment information classified evaluation values W _1. Ie t _a
In (i), one scanning time t ₀ of the microcomputer
Add 0.03 seconds. Then, it proceeds to step 115.

Step 106 in the detection room temperature T _ics, solar radiation S, the air temperature T _a by substituting the thermal environment information evaluation formula to calculate the thermal environment information evaluation value W, and temporarily stores the result of the calculation in the sub-memory.

In step 107, the thermal environment information evaluation value W obtained in step 106 is set to 1 out of 7 levels from 0 to 6 based on the knowledge.
This is converted into one integer and segmented, and this thermal environment information segment evaluation value W ₁ is temporarily stored in the sub memory. If less than 0, set to 0. If it exceeds 6, set it to 6.

In step 108, the passenger's report of thermal sensation H _f is evaluated. That is, from the knowledge shown in Table 2, the thermal sensation evaluation value according to the operating condition of the occupant thermal environment sensation input means 5 is calculated, and the calculation result is temporarily stored in the sub memory.

In step 109, the thermal sensation evaluation value Y obtained in step 108
The display word corresponding to is selected from Table 1, and the selection result is temporarily stored in the sub memory.

In step 110, the thermal sensation evaluation value obtained in step 108 is calculated from the knowledge shown in Table 3, for example, “+3”, “+2”, “+”.
1 "," 0 "," -1 "," -2 "," -3 "is converted into an integer of one of 7 levels and segmented, and this thermal sensation classification evaluation value Y ₁ is the latest correction. The quantity Z is temporarily stored in the sub memory. That is, a relatively large value, for example, +4, is selected from the knowledge shown in Table 2 as the thermal sensation evaluation value Y from the operating condition of the occupant thermal environment sensation input means 5, and the thermal sensation classification evaluation value Y ₁ is slightly relaxed even if +4 is selected. By taking the
This is to prevent the value of the correction setting room temperature T _set * obtained in 1 from becoming extremely large.

In step 111, the maintenance time ta for the correction setting room temperature T _set * at the time immediately before the latest thermal sensation H _f is declared is substituted into the weight formula for the current thermal environment information category evaluation value W ₁ . Then, the weight K is calculated. Since when maintaining time t _a is long by calculation, it can be determined that the passenger is satisfied with the previous correction setting room temperature T _{The set} ※, you can increase the weight K, a maximum 1
become. In addition, when maintenance time t _a is short, because it is not satisfied with respect to T _set ※ the occupant had been corrected previously set,
The weight K is reduced to approach 0.

In step 112, the above-mentioned average correction amount formula is used (average correction amount = Z ₁ × (1−K) + (Z × K)), and the past thermal environment information category evaluation value W _{1 is} compared with the past. Average correction amount Z ₁
And the latest correction amount Z is subjected to the averaging process using the weight K described above. By this calculation, the larger the above-mentioned weight K, the larger the latest correction amount Z can be evaluated. Thus, when the long maintaining time t _a is satisfied with the correction amount can be stored by evaluating increased amount of correction. When compared to humans, what is often used is equivalent to "experience" that it is used again next time.

In step 113, the knowledge shown in Table 4 is created. That is, the latest correction amount Z and the past average correction amount Z ₁ are stored for each thermal environment information classification evaluation value W ₁ .

In step 114, the latest correction amount Z corresponding to the current thermal environment information classification evaluation value W ₁ obtained in step 113 is adopted as the correction amount.

In step 115, since the passenger has not reported the thermal sensation H _f in step 103, it is determined whether or not the passenger has reported the thermal sensation H _f after restarting the engine or the air conditioner body 1. If so, go to step 116, otherwise go to step 117.

In step 116, as in step 114, the latest correction amount Z
Is used as the correction amount.

In step 117, the average correction amount Z ₁ is adopted as the correction amount.

In step 118, the set room temperature T _set is corrected using the correction amount calculated from any of steps 114, 115, and 117. That is, the correction set room temperature T _set * is calculated by adding the latest correction amount Z or the average correction amount Z ₁ obtained in steps 114, 116, 117 to the set room temperature T _set read in step 102. Then, it proceeds to step 119.

In step 119, the outside air temperature T _a , the detected room temperature T _ic , and the correction setting room temperature T _set * are substituted into the target blowing air temperature formula to calculate the target blowing air temperature T _of , and the calculation result is temporarily stored in the sub memory. .

In step 120, the target blown air temperature T _of obtained in step 119 is substituted into the air mix door opening expression to calculate the air mix door opening X, and the calculation result is temporarily stored in the sub memory.

In step 121, based on the target blowing air temperature T _of obtained in step 119, from the knowledge that defines the relationship between the target blowing air temperature and the blowing port mode, blowing in the foot mode, bi-level mode, and vent mode shown in Table 5 below. The mouth mode is determined and temporarily stored in the sub memory.

In step 122, the temperature difference between the detected room temperature T _ic and the correction set room temperature T _set * ± ΔT = T _ic −T _set * is calculated, and this temperature difference ±
The blower fan motor applied voltage value V _fan is calculated according to ΔT from knowledge that defines the relationship between the temperature difference and the blower fan motor applied voltage value, and is temporarily stored in the sub memory.

In step 123, the blower fan motor applied voltage value V _fan
Is supplied to the blower fan motor 20 to rotationally drive the blower fan motor 203.

In step 124, the electric power corresponding to steps 120 and 121 is supplied to each actuator 25, 40, 41, 42, and the air mix door 2
3, defroster door 30, ventilator door 31, foot door 32
Is opened and closed to the predetermined state set in steps 120 and 121.

In step 125, step 1 is displayed on the passenger thermal environment feeling display means 6.
Display the display word selected in 09.

The above steps 102 to 125 are repeated while the auto switch 3 is on.

That is, when there is a declaration or input of "hot" or "cold" from the occupant, the degree of the thermal environment information inside and outside the vehicle and the weight K for this are calculated, and the weight K and "hot" or "cold" are calculated. By correcting the set room temperature T _set according to and, it is possible to easily perform the air conditioning control that reflects the intention of the occupant.

Second Embodiment (See FIGS. 4 and 5) In the second embodiment, the weight K for the current thermal environment information classification evaluation value W ₁ is the difference between the past average correction amount Z ₁ and the latest correction amount Z. The feature is that it is calculated as an absolute value.

The operation of the second embodiment will be described with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS.

First, steps 201 and 202 are steps 101 and 102 of the first embodiment.
Is the same as

Or step 203 from the occupant if there has been reported the thermal sensation H _f were determined, step 204 if there is reported the thermal sensation H _f
If not, go to step 213.

Steps 204 to 208 are the same as steps 106 to 110 of the first embodiment.

In step 209, the weight K for the current thermal environment information category evaluation value W ₁ is calculated. That is, the difference between the past average correction amount Z ₁ and the latest correction amount Z is evaluated as an absolute value. If the deviation of the correction amount is large, the weight K is evaluated small, and conversely, if the deviation is small, the weight K is evaluated large. If the latest correction amount Z is a correction amount that is not much different from the past correction amount Z ₁ by this calculation, it is judged to be certain because it is the accumulation of past experiences, the weight K is evaluated greatly, and the experience is accumulated. To do. On the other hand, if the latest correction amount Z is a correction amount having a large difference from the past average correction amount Z ₁ , it may be considered to be a temporary correction, so the weight K is evaluated to be small and the correction of experience is made small. To do.

Steps 210 to 223 are step 112 of the first embodiment.
The same as from to 125.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment,
Although illustration is omitted, the following can be applied.

In each of the embodiments, the control for learning is constructed based on the thermal sensation of the occupant, but the thermal sensation is not limited to the thermal sensation and the air flow rate adjustment in the operation system of the air conditioner body, the adjustment of the outlet mode, and the labor saving. You will learn the operation system such as air conditioner switch, intake port switching, and vent grille wind direction or wind direction range switching.

As long as it is an index for evaluating the corrected satisfaction level of the occupant, not only the maintenance time ta but also an operation system for more positively inputting the occupant satisfaction level may be used.

As an index for judging the true preference of the occupant, another evaluation amount regarding air conditioning comfort other than the deviation between the past correction amount Z ₁ and the latest correction amount Z may be taken, and the new operation system as described above may be used. It may be provided.

It is not based only on the latest operation amount, but the latest value and the value from the latest to the previous one, or the value from the few previous to the latest from the latest is used.

Wherein in the first embodiment, seeking compensation setting room temperature T _{The set} ※ by adding the latest correction amount Z or average correction amount Z ₁ to set room temperature T _{The set,} the target outlet air temperature T _of the step 119 Although corrected, the target blowing air temperature T _of may be corrected directly from the Z or Z ₁ value. That is, the target blowing air temperature formula is the following formula.

T _of = A ・ T _a ＋ B ・ T _ic ＋ C ・ T _set ＋ D ・ S ＋ I ・ Z + E
... '' In the formula, I is a constant.

In the flowchart of FIG. 3, step 118 is deleted, and in step 119, the expression 'is used instead of the expression, Z
The latest correction amount Z or the average correction amount Z ₁ obtained in steps 114, 116 or 117 may be substituted into.

 It should be noted that if I = C in the equation ', the equation is the same.

As described above, according to the present invention, the set room temperature can be corrected based on the weight of the degree of thermal environment information inside and outside the vehicle and the degree of thermal environment feeling of the occupant. It is possible to easily and maximally obtain air-conditioning comfort that adapts to the thermal environment feeling.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the first embodiment, FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory view of a conventional automobile air conditioner. 1 ... Air conditioner body, 2 ... Thermal environment information input means, 5 ...
... occupant thermal environment sense input means, 7 ... correction means.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A target air-conditioning condition is calculated based on the detected room temperature, the outside air temperature, the amount of solar radiation, and other thermal environment information inside and outside the vehicle compartment and the set room temperature input from the thermal environment information input means. In an automobile air conditioner in which the air conditioner main body is driven to air-condition the vehicle interior so as to maintain, an occupant thermal environment sensation input means for reporting a thermal environment sensation felt by an occupant, and the thermal environment And a correction unit that calculates the degree of information and a weight for this degree, and corrects the target air conditioning condition based on the weight and the degree of the thermal environment feeling of the occupant input from the thermal environment feeling input unit. An air conditioning system for automobiles, which is characterized in that 2. The air conditioner for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the weight is set according to a maintenance time for the thermal environment feeling of the occupant. 3. The weight is set according to a deviation between a latest correction amount and a past average correction amount.
The air conditioning system for automobiles described in.