JPH086399B2 - Two-by-four method and panels used for the method - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a two-by-four method for assembling a house in a box shape by connecting the panels with nails or metal fittings without using a frame such as a pillar or a beam, and a panel used for the method. Regarding

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the two-by-four method, a frame is constructed with structural materials that hardly require on-site processing, and a house is constructed by three-dimensionally assembling panels with structural plywood nailed on both sides, and the panels are used in the factory. Since it is built and only nails and metal fittings are used for on-site assembly, it has better workability in construction, fire resistance, earthquake resistance, energy saving, snow resistance, sound insulation and durability compared to conventional construction methods. It is said to have excellent properties.

For connecting the panels, a method has been adopted in which nails are driven from the structural material of one panel into the structural material of the other panel, or both structural materials are tightened with a metal fitting such as a bolt.

[0004]

Regarding the structure of the panel, in order to secure the compressive strength and the strain resistant strength mainly in the longitudinal and lateral directions, in the state where the structural plywood is nailed to both sides of the frame of the structural material, the house is constructed. Is completed.

That is, in the conventional panel for the two-by-four method, two types of single-sided structure and double-sided structure are used for laminating structural plywood. In many cases, unfinished panel of single-sided structure is used and At the open surface, structural plywood was nailed to complete the double-sided structure.

When nailing structural plywood in the field,
Unlike in the case of a mass-production factory, it takes time, and at that time, it is necessary to fill the inside with the heat insulating material 12 in advance. In addition, the interior material 1 on the structural plywood
Since the work of pasting 4 together will be added, not only the construction period will take longer, but also skilled craftsmen will be required,
In the current situation of labor shortage, it was not always possible to take advantage of the two-by-four method.

The panel has a predetermined strength by combining a structural material and structural plywoods on both surfaces thereof. The single-sided panel is not stable in strength, and there is a problem that it is distorted by external pressure during assembly at the site, and in this respect as well, it is difficult to assemble the panel. In addition, since it is necessary to secure the strength even in the unfinished single-sided structure, it is necessary to use high-quality and expensive timber for the structural material. However, there is a problem in that the cost cannot be used and the cost becomes high in this respect.

In view of the above situation, the present invention does not need to open one side of the panels to be connected to each other for nailing or the like, and structural plywood is nailed to both sides in a factory. Therefore, not only the construction period can be shortened, but a stable house can be easily assembled by a craftsman who does not require special skill, and the two-by-four construction method and its construction method which do not necessarily use expensive wood for the structural material are required. The purpose is to provide a panel to be used for.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the first aspect of the present invention is that in the factory production of panels connected in series with each other, a heat insulating material is sandwiched between both sides of the framework of the structural material. The structural plywood was nailed, the interior material was pasted on at least one of the structural plywood, and the structural material was retracted from the end of the structural plywood at the end where one panel abuts the other panel. A connecting member is formed by nailing, and a cutout portion of the interior material is provided on both sides of the connecting groove, and a protruding member is provided on the other panel by protruding a part of the structural material from the end of the structural plywood. In the field, insert the projecting member of the other panel into the connecting groove of the one panel and drive the nails from both structural plywood into the projecting member at the cutout part, and cut the cutout part at the cutting edge. Characterized by covering and interior It configures that two-by-four construction method.

A second aspect of the present invention is, in the factory production of panels to be connected at right angles to each other, a structural plywood is sandwiched between both sides of a structural material frame, and structural plywood is nailed, and at least one of the structural plywood is overlaid. The interior material is attached to the one panel, and at one end of the panel that abuts the other panel, the connecting groove is formed by nailing the structural material retracted from the edge of the structural plywood, and the interior is installed on both sides of the connecting groove. Providing a cutout part for the material, and forming a projecting member on the side surface of the structural plywood of the other panel to be nailed in the factory or on site with the structural material as a base, and connecting the one panel at the site Insert the protruding member of the other panel into the groove, and in the notch,
A two-by-four method was constructed, in which nails were driven into the projecting members from both structural plywoods, and the cutout portions were covered with cutting edges for interior mounting.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the factory production of panels to be connected in series with each other, a structural plywood is sandwiched between both sides of a structural material frame, and structural plywood is nailed, and at least one of the structural plywood is placed above the structural plywood. The interior material is attached to the panel, and at one end of the panel, which is to be abutted against the other panel, a structural groove is formed by nailing the structural material retracted from the edge of the structural plywood. Forming the insertion groove along the longitudinal direction, providing cutout portions of the interior material on both outer surfaces of the connection groove, and projecting a part of the structural material from the other panel above the end of the structural plywood. A protruding step is formed along the longitudinal direction of the protruding member in correspondence with the cut groove, and at the site, the connecting groove of the one panel is projected into the connecting groove of the other panel. Insert a member and have a convex step in the notch The engage, in yet lacking part,
A two-by-four method was constructed, in which nails were driven into the projecting members from both structural plywoods, and the cutout portions were covered with cutting edges for interior mounting.

In a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the factory production of panels to be connected at right angles to each other, structural plywood is sandwiched between both sides of the frame of structural material, and structural plywood is nailed, and at least one structural plywood The interior material is attached to the panel, and at one end of the panel, which is to be abutted against the other panel, a structural groove is formed by nailing the structural material retracted from the edge of the structural plywood. The groove is formed along the longitudinal direction, the cutout of the interior material is provided on both outer surfaces of the connecting groove, and the side surface of the structural plywood of the other panel is nailed at the factory or on site with the structural material as the base. And a projecting step portion is provided along the longitudinal direction of the projecting member so as to correspond to the cut groove, and in the field, the projecting member of the other panel is projected into the connecting groove of the one panel. Insert the member and cut groove A two-by-four method was constructed in which the convex step portion is engaged, and further, in the cutout portion, nails are driven from both structural plywoods into the projecting member, and the cutout portion is covered with a cutting edge for interior mounting. .

In a fifth aspect of the invention, structural plywood is nailed by sandwiching a heat insulating material between the both sides of the frame of the structural material, and the interior material is bonded on at least one of the structural plywood, and at least one end of the structure is structured. The connecting groove is formed by nailing the material retracted from the end of the structural plywood, and the cutout portions of the interior material are provided on both sides of the connecting groove, and the connecting groove of the other panel is provided on at least one of the other end surface and the side surface. A panel for the two-by-four construction method was constructed, in which a projecting member that fits in the projecting member was integrally projected with the structural material.

[0014]

In the field, in order to connect the panels, the projecting member of the other panel is inserted into the connecting groove of the one panel, and then the nail is driven into the projecting member from the structural plywood at the notched portion of the one panel. However, since the driving direction is at a right angle to the working direction of the protruding member, the effect of the nail is good and the nail never comes off.

If the structural plywood of the connecting groove and the projecting member are tightly engaged with each other by the cut groove and the convex step portion, the connecting groove of one panel and the projecting member of the other panel can be arranged. It becomes possible to temporarily fix the nail in the inserted state, and when the nail is driven into the projecting member from the structural plywood, the inserted state does not shift.

Since the interior material is removed in the notch portion, and the nail is directly driven into the projecting member from above the structural plywood, unlike the case where the nail is driven from the interior material,
By the nailing, the projecting member and the structural plywood are strongly bonded.

[0017]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a panel P completed in a factory on the assumption that it is about to be assembled in the field in order to explain a typical method of connecting panels in three modes.

Each panel P has a double-sided structure in which structural plywoods 3 and 3 are nailed to both sides of the frame of the structural material 1, and the heat insulating material 4 is filled between them. Further, for the panel P used as the outer wall material, the interior material 5 is attached only to the indoor side (the exterior material 41 may be attached), and for the panel P used as the inner wall or partition, it is provided on both sides. The interior materials 5 and 5 are pasted together. Further, with respect to the panel P as the floor, the interior material 5 as the floor material is attached only to the upper surface (see FIG. 2).

First, the first mode is a case where both panels P, P are connected in series. As shown in the section A, one panel P is provided with a connecting groove 7 on the end face thereof, and the other panel P is connected. A projecting member 9 that fits into the connecting groove 7 is provided on the end surface of the projecting member. The structure of the panels P and P will be described with respect to both ends thereof.

Regarding the panel P having the connecting groove 7, the connecting groove 7 is formed by retracting the structural material 1. Further, a cutout portion 11 of the interior material 5 is provided on the outer surface of the formation location.

In the panel P having the projecting member 9, a laminated material is used as the structural material 1, and a part of the laminated material is structural plywood 3.
The protruding member 9 is projected from the end of 3. Since both panels P are used as outer walls, a breathable waterproof sheet 18 is attached to the outer surfaces thereof.

To connect the two panels P, P, the connecting groove 7
The projecting member 9 is inserted into, and the nail 10 is driven into the projecting member 9 from the structural plywoods 3 and 3 of the connecting groove 7.

The second mode is to connect the two panels P, P at a right angle. As shown in the section B, one panel P is provided with the connecting groove 7 as described above, and the other panel is connected. In P, the projecting member 9 is directly nailed to the structural plywood 3 using the structural material 1 as a base material.

Interior panels 5 and 5 are laminated on both sides of the panels P and P as interior walls, and the panel P having the connecting groove 7 is provided with cutouts 11 and 11 of the interior material 5 on both sides. The panel P having the projecting member 9 is provided with cutout portions 13, 13 of the interior material 5 on both sides thereof in order to insert the structural plywoods 3, 3 of the mating panel P to the base end of the projecting member 9. There is.

Even after the two panels P, P have been connected, both the notched portions 11, 13 and the nail 10 are visible, so that they are hidden by the cutting edge 15. The parting edge 15 is the cutout portion 1
1 has a L-shaped cross section that hits the structural plywood 3 and the interior material 5, and is fastened to both of them with nails 17, 17.

The third mode is a merged form of the first and second modes, and as shown in part A, the panel P as an inner wall is connected at a right angle to the above-mentioned serial connection part. In this case, since the protruding member 9 cannot be nailed in advance to the serially connected portion, it is nailed to the connected portion after the serially connected portion is completed.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show another embodiment for connecting the two panels P, P in the first to third modes, in which the connecting groove 7 and the structural plywoods 3, 3 are formed. It is configured so as to be tightly engaged with the projecting member 9. That is, in the structural plywoods 3 and 3 of the connection groove 7, cut grooves 19 and 19 are formed on the inner surfaces facing each other along the longitudinal direction of the structural plywoods 3 and 3, and one of the projecting members 9 has Each notch 19,1
The convex step portions 20, 20 are engaged with the respective cut grooves 1 so as to engage with 9.
9 and 19 are provided along the longitudinal direction of the projecting member 9, and further, each of the cut grooves 19 is inclined in the depth direction of the connecting groove 7, and one of the convex step portions 20, 20 is provided. Is inclined inward toward the tip.

Also in this case, in order to connect the two panels P, P, the projection member 9 is inserted into the connection groove 7 and the cut groove 1 is formed.
After the convex step portions 20, 20 are engaged with 9, 9, the nail 10 is driven into the projecting member 9 from the structural plywood 3, 3 of the connecting groove 7.

Regarding the second embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, by attaching the protruding member 9 to the side surface of the end portion of one panel P, the butt connection between the ends of both panels P and P can be achieved. It is possible.

Next, a state in which the house is assembled according to the above three modes will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the section C of the elevation view of the house (FIG. 6), and FIG. 3 is a floor plan (FIG. 5).
The cross-sectional structure of the D section of FIG. The illustration of the heat insulating material 4 is omitted.

In FIG. 4, a foundation 23 and a field bundle 25 are placed on a foundation 21, and a panel P as a floor 26 is placed on the foundation 23 and fixed to the foundation 23 with bolts 27. The structural material 1 can be used in place of the base 23 and the field bundle 25.

Panels P serving as an outer wall 29 and an inner wall 31 are erected on the floor 26, and a panel P serving as a second floor 36 also serving as a ceiling is placed on the panel P, and an outer wall 30 of the second floor is placed thereon.
And the inner wall 32 is erected, and a roof is built on it (FIG. 6).

Regarding the connection of the panels P, P as the floors 26, 36, the means of the first aspect is adopted at the position of the field bundle 25. Outer walls 29 for floors 26, 36,
The means of the second aspect is also used for connecting 30 to the inner wall 31,
The means of the third aspect is adopted for connecting 32.

In FIG. 3, the means of the second aspect is adopted for connecting the respective panels P of the outer wall 29 and the inner wall 31.

A vertical furring strip 39 is attached to the outside of the outer walls 29 and 30, and an exterior material 41 is nailed thereto, and a ventilation space 43 is vertically provided.
Is missing. Regarding the panels P as the floors 26, 36, complementary plywood 45 is nailed to the end surface facing the ventilation space 43.

[0037]

As described above, according to the present invention,
It has the following excellent effects.

1) The panel used in the field does not need to be completed in the construction process because structural plywood is nailed to both sides of the structural material and the inside is filled with a heat insulating material. Not only that, the time and effort of attaching the interior materials can be saved, and the panels can be easily connected.
The construction period of the two-by-four method can be extremely shortened and does not necessarily require a skilled craftsman, making it suitable for solving labor shortages.

2) For connecting the panels, the protruding members of the other panel are inserted into the connecting grooves of one panel, and the nails are driven into the protruding members from the structural plywoods on both sides of the connecting groove.
Not only is the work easy, but since the nailing state can be obtained at right angles to the direction in which the panel comes off, the nail will never come off, the panels will be strongly connected just by nailing, and a stable house construction form Becomes

3) When connecting the panels,
When the projecting member of the other panel is inserted into the connecting groove of one panel, the structural plywood of the connecting groove and the projecting member are tightly engaged with each other by the cut groove and the convex step portion. Since the protruding member of the other panel can be held in the connecting groove of the panel in the temporarily fixed state, it is possible to drive the nail accurately from the structural plywood without shifting to the protruding member, improving work efficiency and highly accurate connected state. There is an advantage that can be surely obtained.

4) Further regarding the connection strength of the panel,
Since a cutout portion of the interior material is provided at the location of the connecting groove and the nail is directly driven into the projecting member from above the structural plywood, a strong nailing state is achieved. Further, since the projecting member is attached integrally with the structural material, the connection between both panels is extremely stable.

5) At the connecting portions of the panels, the appearance of the interior is ensured by covering the notched portion of the interior material with the parting edge. Since the parting edge is originally necessary at the mounting location, it does not require any special labor for mounting and is rational for shortening the construction period.

6) In the structure of a panel in which structural plywood is nailed on both sides, it is not necessary to use a high-quality material having a high strength as a structural material, and even if half-end members are added and used, Since a predetermined strength is secured as a whole and mass production is performed as a standardized finished product including the interior in the factory, the panel can be manufactured at low cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective explanatory view generally showing some modes in which the present invention is supposed to be carried out.

FIG. 2 is a perspective explanatory view showing another embodiment of connection of both panels connected in series with each other.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of connection of both panels connected at right angles to each other.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a house in a C portion of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the house at a portion D in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a schematic elevation view of a house.

FIG. 7 is a schematic floor plan of the same house.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 P panel 1 structural material 3 structural plywood 4 heat insulating material 5 interior material 7 connecting groove 9 projecting member 10 nail 11 notch 15 cutout edge 19 notch groove 20 convex step

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location E04B 2/56 L 6951-2E 611 C 6951-2E 621 A 6951-2E K 6951-2E 633 A 6951 -2E E04C 2/30 D

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. Panels (P, P) connected to each other in series.
On the both sides of the framework of structural material (1),
A heat insulating material (4) is sandwiched between and structural plywoods (3, 3) are nailed, and at least one structural plywood (3) is laminated with an interior material (5), and one panel (P) is attached. Is the structural material (1) at the end that abuts another panel (P).
The connecting groove (7) is formed by the nailing that is retracted from the end of the structural plywood (3, 3), and the cutout portions (11, 11) of the interior material (5) are formed on both sides of the connecting groove (7). Provided on the other panel (P) is a projecting member (9) formed by projecting a part of the structural material (1) beyond the end of the structural plywood (3, 3). Inserts the projecting member (9) of the other panel (P) into the connecting groove (7) of the one panel (P), and projects from both structural plywoods (3, 3) at the notch (11). A two-by-four construction method characterized in that a nail (10) is driven into the member (9), the cutout portion (11) is covered with a cutting edge (15), and the interior is installed. 2. Panels (P, P) connected at right angles to each other
On the both sides of the framework of structural material (1),
A heat insulating material (4) is sandwiched between and structural plywoods (3, 3) are nailed, and at least one structural plywood (3) is laminated with an interior material (5), and one panel (P) is attached. Is the structural material (1) at the end that abuts another panel (P).
The connecting groove (7) is formed by the nailing that is retracted from the end of the structural plywood (3, 3), and the cutout portions (11, 11) of the interior material (5) are formed on both sides of the connecting groove (7). Provided on the side surface of the structural plywood (3) of the other panel (P),
A projecting member (9) for nailing is formed in the factory or on site using the structural material (1) as a base, and in the site, the other panel (P) is provided in the connecting groove (7) of the one panel (P).
Insert the protruding member (9) of
Nail (10) from both structural plywood (3, 3) to the projecting member (9)
A two-by-four construction method in which the interior of the cutout portion (11) is covered with a cutting edge (15) for interior mounting. 3. Panels (P, P) connected in series with each other.
On the both sides of the framework of structural material (1),
A heat insulating material (4) is sandwiched between and structural plywoods (3, 3) are nailed, and at least one structural plywood (3) is laminated with an interior material (5), and one panel (P) is attached. Is the structural material (1) at the end that abuts another panel (P).
The connecting groove (7) is formed by nailing, which is retracted from the end of the structural plywood (3, 3), and the notch groove (19, 19) is formed on the inner surface facing the connecting groove (7) along the longitudinal direction. In addition, cutout portions (11, 11) of the interior material (5) are provided on both outer surfaces of the connecting groove (7), and a part of the structural material (1) is structurally used for the other panel (P). The protruding member (9) is formed by protruding it from the end of the plywood (3, 3), and
Corresponding to the cut grooves (19, 19), convex step portions (20, 20) are provided along the longitudinal direction of the projecting member (9), and at the site, the one panel (P) of the one panel (P) is formed. The protruding member (9) of the other panel (P) is inserted into the connecting groove (7), the convex step portions (20, 20) are engaged with the cut grooves (19, 19), and the cutout portion (11) is further inserted. ), A nail (10) is driven into the projecting member (9) from both structural plywoods (3, 3),
A two-by-four construction method characterized in that the cutout portion (11) is covered with a cutting edge (15) for interior installation. 4. Panels (P, P) connected at right angles to each other
On the both sides of the framework of structural material (1),
A heat insulating material (4) is sandwiched between and structural plywoods (3, 3) are nailed, and at least one structural plywood (3) is laminated with an interior material (5), and one panel (P) is attached. Is the structural material (1) at the end that abuts another panel (P).
The connecting groove (7) is formed by nailing, which is retracted from the end of the structural plywood (3, 3), and the notch groove (19, 19) is formed on the inner surface facing the connecting groove (7) along the longitudinal direction. In addition, the notch (11, 11) of the interior material (5) is provided on both outer surfaces of the connecting groove (7), and the structural material is provided on the side surface of the structural plywood (3) of the other panel (P). A projecting member (9) to be nailed at the factory or on site is formed using (1) as a base, and a convex step portion is formed along the longitudinal direction of the projecting member (9) corresponding to the cut grooves (19, 19). (20, 20) is provided in advance, and one panel (P) is used at the site.
The projecting member (9) of the other panel (P) is inserted into the connecting groove (7) of FIG.
20) is engaged, and further, in the cutout portion (11), a nail (10) is driven into the projecting member (9) from both structural plywoods (3, 3), and the cutout portion (11) is cut into a cut edge ( A two-by-four construction method characterized in that it is covered with 15) for interior decoration. 5. A structural plywood (3, 3) is nailed with a heat insulating material (4) sandwiched between both sides of the frame of the structural material (1),
Interior material (5) on at least one structural plywood (3)
And the structural material (1) at least at one end
The connecting groove (7) is formed by the nailing that is retracted from the end of the structural plywood (3, 3), and the cutout portions (11, 11) of the interior material (5) are formed on both sides of the connecting groove (7). And a projecting member (9) that fits into a connecting groove (7) of another panel (P) is provided integrally with the structural member (1) on at least one of the other end surface and the side surface. A panel for the two-by-four method.