Reprobateとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

First attested in c. 1425, in 中期英語; inherited from 中期英語 reprobat(e) (“condemned, damned”, also used as the past participle of reprobaten), borrowed from Latin reprobātus (“disapproved, rejected, condemned”), perfect passive participle of reprobō, see -ate (adjective-forming suffix). The noun was derived from the adjective by substantivization, see -ate (noun-forming suffix).

発音

• IPA: /ˈɹɛpɹəbət/

形容詞

reprobate (comparative more reprobate, superlative most reprobate)

1. (rare) Rejected; cast off as worthless.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Jeremiah 6:30:

     Reprobate silver shall men call them, because the Lord hath rejected them.

2. Rejected by God; damned, sinful.
3. Immoral, having no religious or principled character.

   The reprobate criminal sneered at me.

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book I”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

     And strength, and art, are easily outdone / By spirits reprobate.

名詞

reprobate (plural reprobates)

1. One rejected by God; a sinful person.

   Synonym: (Buddhism) icchantika

   • 1643, John Milton, Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce:

     And the solitarines of man, which God had namely and principally orderd to prevent by mariage, hath no remedy, but lies under a worse condition then the loneliest single life; for in single life the absence and remotenes of a helper might inure him to expect his own comforts out of himselfe, or to seek with hope; but here the continuall sight of his deluded thoughts without cure, must needs be to him, if especially his complexion incline him to melancholy, a daily trouble and paine of losse in som degree like that which Reprobats feel.

2. A person with low morals or principles.
   • c. 1603, Walter Raleigh, Apology for the Voyage to Guiana:

     I acknowledge myself for a reprobate, a villain, a traitor to the king.

   • 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 37, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849–1850, →OCLC:

     [T]he young sinner took leave of Pen, and the club of the elder criminals, and sauntered into Blacquiere’s, an adjacent establishment, frequented by reprobates of his own age.

   • 1920, Herman Cyril McNeile, chapter 1, in Bulldog Drummond:

     "Good morning, Mrs. Denny," he said. "Wherefore this worried look on your face? Has that reprobate James been misbehaving himself?"

   • 2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page 50, on the Hammersmith & City line:

     West of here, it ascends to its viaduct where, 20 feet above the ground, the Westway seeks to emulate it; two scruffy reprobates shouldering their way through a not very pretty streetscape; the one a railway built by corporate buccaneers, the other a road constructed as part of a discredited plan to girdle London with motorways.

関連する語

• depraved

語源 2

First attested in c. 1451, in 中期英語; inherited from 中期英語 reprobaten, from reprobat(e) (“condemned, damned”, also used as the past participle of reprobaten) +‎ -en (verb-forming suffix), borrowed from Latin reprobātus, see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and Etymology 1 for more. Doublet of reprove.

発音

• IPA: /ˈɹɛpɹəbeɪt/

動詞

reprobate (third-person singular simple present reprobates, present participle reprobating, simple past and past participle reprobated)

1. To have strong disapproval of something; to reprove; to condemn.
   • 1842, [anonymous collaborator of Letitia Elizabeth Landon], chapter XLV, in Lady Anne Granard; or, Keeping up Appearances. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 274:

     Lord Rotheles allowed it was a very sufficient cause for returning soon, and reprobated all delays of letters, though he confessed to being a very idle correspondent;...

2. Of God: to abandon or reject, to deny eternal bliss.
3. To refuse, set aside.

派生語

• approbate and reprobate

アナグラム

• perborate

動詞

reprobāte

1. second-person plural present active imperative of reprobō