SLIMとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

Borrowing from Low German or Dutch slim (“bad, sly, clever”), from Middle Dutch slim (“bad, crooked”), from Old Dutch *slimb, from Proto-West Germanic *slimb, from Proto-Germanic *slimbaz (“oblique, crooked”). The sense development would have been "slanting, cunning" (Dutch) > "insignificant, slight" and then "thin, graceful" in English, a shift that Liberman calls an "incredible amelioration" of word meaning.

The pejorative sense found in Low German and Dutch is also found preserved in the archaic English noun slim (“worthless or lazy person”), also comparable to the South African use of the adjective as "crafty, sly."

Compare Dutch slim (“smart, clever, crafty”), Middle High German slimp (“slanting, awry”), German schlimm (“bad”), West Frisian slim (“bad, dire”).

形容詞

slim (comparative slimmer, superlative slimmest)

1. Slender; thin.
   1. (of a person or a person's build) Slender in an attractive way.

      Movie stars are usually slim, attractive, and young.

   2. (by extension, of clothing) Designed to make the wearer appear slim.
   3. (of an object) Long and narrow.
   4. (of a workforce) Of a reduced size, with the intent of being more efficient.
2. (of something abstract like a chance or margin) Very small, tiny.

   I'm afraid your chances are quite slim.

   • 2011 January 15, Saj Chowdhury, “Man City 4 - 3 Wolves”, in BBC‎:

     Wolves' debatable third in the last 10 minutes, with the ball only crossing the line by the slimmest of margins if at all, ensured a cracking finale, although City would have been left aggrieved had they let the win slip.

3. (rustic, Northern England, Scotland) Bad, of questionable quality; not strongly built, flimsy.

   A slimly-shod lad;

   a slimly-made cart.

4. (South Africa, obsolete in UK) Sly, crafty.

同意語

• (slender in an attractive way.): lithe, svelte, willowy; see also Thesaurus:slender
• (clothing):
• (long and narrow): fine, stalky, sticklike, thin, virgate
• (reduced workforce):
• (tiny; of something abstract): infinitesimal, marginal; see also Thesaurus:tiny
• (of questionable quality): flimsy, lousy, shoddy; see also Thesaurus:low-quality
• (crafty): cunning, frood; see also Thesaurus:wily

派生語

参照

• The Dictionary of the Scots Language

名詞

slim (plural slims)

1. A type of cigarette substantially longer and thinner than normal cigarettes.

   I only smoke slims.

2. (Ireland, regional) A potato farl.
3. (East Africa, uncountable) AIDS, or the chronic wasting associated with its later stages.
   • 2003, Charled F. Gilks, “HIV in the Developing World”, in David A. Warrell et al., editors, Oxford Textbook of Medicine‎, 4th edition, volume 1, →ISBN, page 446:

     As in the West, only about 50 per cent of patients with slim fully investigated will have a putative pathogen identified.

4. (slang, uncountable) Cocaine.

別の表記

• (AIDS): Slim

動詞

slim (third-person singular simple present slims, present participle slimming, simple past and past participle slimmed)

1. (intransitive) To lose weight in order to achieve slimness.
2. (transitive) To make slimmer; to reduce in size.

派生語

• slim down

参照

語源 2

名詞

slim (plural slims)

1. Alternative form of sling (“type of alcoholic mixed drink”)
   • 2010, Maggie MacKeever, The Baroness of Bow Street:

     Crump, having fortified himself with a bobstick of rum slim, moved cautiously among the crowds who bustled along Fleet Street.

参照

• John Camden Hotten (1873), The Slang Dictionary

アナグラム

• misl, lims, MLIS, MILs, MSIL, SMIL, mils

発音

• IPA: /sliːm/
• 韻: -iːm

名詞

slīm n or m

1. slime

語形変化

If Neuter: Strong a-stem:

If Masculine: Strong a-stem:

派生した語

• Middle English: slim, slym, slyme, slime
  • Scots: slyme, slime
  • English: slime