Townshipとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 towneship, townschip, tounshipe, tunscipe, from 古期英語 tūnsċipe (“the inhabitants of a town; township”), equivalent to town +‎ -ship.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈtaʊnʃɪp/

名詞

township (plural townships)

1. The territory of a town.
   • 1944 January and February, W. McGowan Gradon, “Forres as a Railway Centre”, in Railway Magazine, page 23:

     The train is usually crowded and half the township of Forres seems to turn out to watch it go off.

   • 2010, Rajib Shaw, Danai Thaitakoo, Water Communities‎, Emerald Books, →ISBN, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 252:

     Furthermore, everyone knows that the crops grown at Chou-Shui River are of high quality, like the rice of Siluo Township, watermelons of Erlun Township, garlic of Cihtong Township, flowers of Shijo Township, guava of Shetou Township, and so on.

   • 2018 June 18, Joshua Berlinger, “Papua New Guinea declares 9-month state of emergency due to riots”, in CNN‎:

     Tondop said the township of Mendi is slowly getting back to normal.

2. (US, Canada) A subdivision of a county.
3. (South Africa, pre-1994) An area set aside for nonwhite occupation.
   • 1972, Daily Dispatch:

     In addition, the council has completed the planning of a new Coloured township on the site of the existing African township.

4. (South Africa, post-1994) A nonwhite (usually subeconomic) area attached to a city.
   • 2020 April 28, Christina Macfarlane, “‘There is nothing worse than hunger,’ says South Africa hero Siya Kolisi of helping townships during lockdown”, in CNN‎:

     Growing up in the township of Zwide, just outside Port Elizabeth, bed for Kolisi was a pile of cushions on the living-room floor and finding enough to eat was a daily struggle. […] So, the man from the townships can certainly empathize with the pain lockdown is inflicting on the less fortunate in his country.

5. (Australia, New Zealand) A small town.

使用する際の注意点

• In the US (derived from an obsolete UK usage), the term "township" refers to a division of a county, and may include one or more towns, villages, hamlets, or small cities. It may also be an administrative district for an unincorporated rural area. The exact nature of a township, and its role in local administration, differs from state to state. Not every state has townships, more detail can be found in the article Township (United States).

派生語

関連する語

• squatter camp

派生した語

• Portuguese: township

参照

Jean Branford, editor (1978), A Dictionary of South African English, Oxford