UB Iとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈʊ.biː], [ˈʊ.bɪ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈuː.bi]

副詞

ubī̆ (not comparable)

1. (interrogative) where? in what place?, in which place?

   Ubī̆?

   Where?

   Ubī̆ patera nunc est? — In cistulā.

   Where is the bowl now? — In the small chest.

   Ubī̆ inveniam Pamphilium? Ubī̆ quaeram?

   Where can I find Pamphilius? Where should I look?

   Ubī̆ sum?

   Where am I?

   Nesciō ubī̆ sim.

   I don't know where I am.

   Īcare, ubī̆ es?

   Icarus, where are you?

2. (relative) where or in a place where

   Ubī̆ tyrannus est, ibī̆ plānē est nūlla rēs pūblica.

   Where there is a tyrant, there is clearly no republic.

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.99–101:

     “[...] saevus ubī̆ Aeacidae tēlō iacet Hector, ubī̆ ingēns
     Sarpēdōn, ubī̆ tot Simois correpta sub undīs
     scūta virum galeāsque et fortia corpora volvit!”

     “[Troy…], where fierce Hector lies, [pierced] by the spear of Achilles, where huge Sarpedon [perished], [and] where the [River] Simois has seized and rolled beneath its waves so many shields, helmets and bodies of brave men!”
     (The repetition of “ubī̆” exemplifies anaphora. “Aeacidae” is a patronymic: Achilles was the grandson “of Aeacus.” Read virorum for virum, a syncopated genitive plural. See also: Simois or Simoeis; Sarpedon.)

3. (relative) when

   Ubī̆ carceri appropinquavit, portam apertam vidit. (Cambridge Latin course 3)

   When he approached the jail, he saw the open gate.

4. (of time) as, as soon as, whenever, when
5. (informal) in which, by which, with which; by whom, with whom

使用する際の注意点

The adverbs ubī̆ (“where”), ubī̆nam (“where in the world?”), ubī̆cumque (“wherever”) and ubiubī̆ are sometimes used with terrārum (genitive plural of terra (“land”)), locī / locōrum (genitive singular and plural of locus (“place”), respectively) and gentium (genitive plural of gens (“people, nation”)), to denote the same meaning as "where on earth" or "where in the world" (see also unde and derivatives):

Ubī̆ terrārum sumus?

Where in the world are we?

Ubī̆ illum quaeram gentium?

Where in the world should I search for him?

Ubī̆ locī fortūnae tuae sint, facile intellegis. (Plautus Captivi 958)

You realize with ease where on earth your fortunes may be.

Nōn ēdepol nunc, ubī̆ terrārum sim, sciō, sī quis roget. (Plautus Amphitruo 336)

Heavens, I know not now, where in the world I may be, if anyone asks.

派生語

関連する語

派生した語

参考

• ibī̆

参照

• “ubi”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ubi”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ubi”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • when it was day: ubi illuxit, luxit, diluxit
    
• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
• Ritschl, Friedrich (1870), “cubi = ubi und Verwandtes.”, in Rheinisches Museum für Philologie (in German), volume 25, pages 306–312 = Ritschl, Friedrich (1870), “cubi = ubi und Verwandtes bei Plautus.”, in Friedrich Ritschl’s Kleine Philologische Schriften (in German), volume III, published 1877, pages 135–143