DIAGNOSISとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Latin diagnōsis, from Ancient Greek διάγνωσις (diágnōsis), from διαγιγνώσκω (diagignṓskō, “to discern”), from διά (diá, “through”) + γιγνώσκω (gignṓskō, “to know”).

発音

• IPA: /daɪəɡˈnəʊsɪs/
• 韻: -əʊsɪs

名詞

diagnosis (countable and uncountable, plural diagnoses)

1. (medicine, countable, uncountable) The process of, or an instance of, identification of the nature and cause of a medical condition or illness.

   Diagnosis is a challenging art informed by wide-ranging science.

   He was given the wrong treatment due to an erroneous diagnosis.

   Her diagnoses include type 2 diabetes mellitus, primary hypertension, diabetic retinopathy, and generalized anxiety disorder.

   • 2012 January, Philip E. Mirowski, “Harms to Health from the Pursuit of Profits”, in American Scientist‎, volume 100, number 1, archived from the original on 4 April 2012, page 87:

     In an era when political leaders promise deliverance from decline through America’s purported preeminence in scientific research, the news that science is in deep trouble in the United States has been as unwelcome as a diagnosis of leukemia following the loss of health insurance.

   • 2021 July 22, Katie Hunt, “Schizophrenia linked to marijuana use disorder is on the rise, study finds”, in CNN‎:

     In 1995, 2% of schizophrenia diagnoses in the country were associated with cannabis use disorder. In 2000, it increased to around 4%. Since 2010, that figure increased to 8%, the study found.

2. The process of, or an instance of, identification of the nature and cause of something (of any nature).

   Diagnosis is part of being an automotive mechanic.

   Her diagnosis of the current economic situation is that central banks are overcorrecting.

   • 1887, Charles L. Reade, Compton Reade, Charles Reade, Dramatist, Novelist, Journalist: A Memoir:

     The quick eye for effects, the clear diagnosis of men's minds, and the love of epigram.

   • 1887, James Payn, Glow-worm tales:

     My diagnosis of his character proved correct.

3. (taxonomy) A written description of a species or other taxon serving to distinguish that species from all others; especially a description written and published in Latin.
   • 1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, →ISBN, page viii:

     The repeated exposure, over decades, to most taxa here treated has resulted in repeated modifications of both diagnoses and discussions, as initial ideas of the various taxa underwent—often repeated—conceptual modification.

派生語

関連する語

動詞

diagnosis

1. (nonstandard, proscribed, rare) Synonym of diagnose.
   • 2013, Donald A. Norman, The Design of Everyday Things:

     Experienced mechanics can diagnosis the condition of machinery just by listening.

Further reading

• “diagnosis”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “diagnosis”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

• “diagnosis”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.