Luxuryとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 luxurie, from Old French luxurie, from Latin luxuria (“rankness, luxury”), from luxus (“extravagance, luxury”).

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈlʌk.ʃə.ɹi/
• (米国発音) IPA: /ˈlʌɡ.ʒə.ɹi/, /ˈlʌk.ʃə.ɹi/
• 韻: -əɹi
• ハイフネーション: lux‧u‧ry

名詞

luxury (countable and uncountable, plural luxuries)

1. Very wealthy and comfortable surroundings; the state of being that they create.

   Synonyms: luxuriousness, luxe

   Antonyms: austerity, spartanness, penury, poverty

   Near-synonyms: splendor, grandeur, grandness, decadence

2. Something desirable but expensive and that one can live without.

   Antonyms: necessity, essential, essentials, basics

   • 1910, Emerson Hough, “A Lady in Company”, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

     “ […] We are engaged in a great work, a treatise on our river fortifications, perhaps? But since when did army officers afford the luxury of amanuenses in this simple republic? […] ”

   • 2020 December 15, Marianna Cerini, “Holiday gift guide: Ethical luxuries for conscientious shoppers”, in CNN‎:

     And with Millennial and Gen Z consumers accounting for a growing proportion of spending, the luxury market is increasingly sensitive to the social and environmental causes they identify with. […] With all this in mind, here are CNN Style’s best small luxuries for the conscientious gift giver: […]

3. Something that is pleasant and desirable but not necessary in life (whether expensive or not).

   Antonyms: necessity, essential, essentials, basics

   • 2020 December 2, Paul Bigland, “My weirdest and wackiest Rover yet”, in Rail, page 68:

     As the 1857 to Manchester Piccadilly rolls in, I scan the windows and realise there are plenty of spare seats, so I hop aboard. The train is a '221'+'220' combo to allow for social distancing - a luxury on an XC train as normally you're playing sardines, so I make the most of it.

4. (obsolete) Lustfulness; sexual desire or attraction.
   • c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merry Wiues of Windsor”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iv], page 51, column 2:

     Fie on sinnefull phantasie: Fie on Lust, and Luxurie:

5. (obsolete) Copulation; the act or action of sex.
   • c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii], page 258, column 1:

     Let not the Royall Bed of Denmark be / A Couch for Luxury and damned Incest.

派生語

形容詞

luxury (comparative more luxury, superlative most luxury)

1. Very expensive.

   Synonym: luxurious

2. Not essential but desirable and enjoyable and indulgent.
3. (automotive) Pertaining to the top-end market segment for mass production mass market vehicles, above the premium market segment.

等位語

(automotive):

• premium
• economy

関連する語

• luxe
• luxuriant
• luxuriate
• luxurious
• luxuriously

Further reading

• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “luxury”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
• “luxury”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.