natrixとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈna.triːks], [ˈna.trɪks]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈnaː.t̪riks]

The fragment of Lucilius cited below (definition 2) requires both vowels to be short in order for the line to scan as a hexameter. However, the 6th-century grammarian Priscian lists this word among deverbal nouns ending in -trīx with long ī, implying that by his time an analogically altered form with a long vowel in the second syllable was in use.

名詞

natrī̆x f or m (genitive natrī̆cis); third declension

1. water snake
   • 106 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, Lucullus 120.4:

     Cur deus, omnia nostra causa cum faceret (sic enim vultis), tantam vim natricum viperarumque fecerit, cur mortifera tam multa perniciosa terra marique disperserit.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • c. 4 BCE – 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, Dialogi 4.31.8.2:

     Ne viperas quidem et natrices et si qua morsu aut ictu nocent effligeremus, si in reliquum mansuefacere possemus aut efficere ne nobis aliisve periculo essent; ergo ne homini quidem nocebimus quia peccavit, sed ne peccet, nec umquam ad praeteritum sed ad futurum poena referetur; non enim irascitur sed cavet.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • c. 61 CE – 65 CE, Lucan, Pharsalia 9.720:

     et natrix violator aquae, iaculique volucres

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. Metaphor of disputed meaning; perhaps denoting either a penis or a type of whip.
   • 2nd century BC, Gaius Lucilius, Saturae 2.72:

     si natibus natricem inpressit crassam et capitatam

     • 2014 translation by Robert Cowan

       if s/he thrusts a thick natrix with a head on it into/onto my buttocks

3. name of a plant
   • Pliny, Natural History 27.107.1:

     Natrix vocatur herba, cuius radix evulsa virus hirci redolet.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

使用する際の注意点

Attested as masculine only once, in Lucan (quoted above under definition 1).

語形変化

Third-declension noun.

派生した語

• Translingual: Natrix (taxonomic genus)
• Italian: natrice
• → English: rinatrix
• → Spanish: natriz

参照

Further reading

• “natrix”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “natrix”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "natrix", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “natrix”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.