potusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

Ultimately from the root Proto-Indo-European *peh₃-. De Vaan reconstructs Proto-Italic *pōtos (“drunk”) from Proto-Indo-European *ph₃tós (“(having been) drunk; having drunk”) with replacement of expected *-a- by *-ō- under the influence of the root aorist *péh₃t. Possibly cognate with Umbrian punes, which could come from a pre-form *pō-ni-.

Aside from its use as an adjective, pōtus also functions synchronically in Latin as an anomalously formed perfect passive participle of the verb pōtō (“to drink”), competing with the regularly formed pōtātus.

形容詞

pōtus (feminine pōta, neuter pōtum); first/second-declension participle

1. drunk (intoxicated)

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:ebrius

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

Participle

pōtus (feminine pōta, neuter pōtum); first/second-declension participle

1. drunk, having been drunk
2. drained, having been drained
   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.777–778:

     pars pede, pars etiam celerī dēcurrite cumbā,
     nec pudeat pōtōs inde redīre domum

     Some [go] by foot, some even sail down with a swift skiff; and be not ashamed – having drained [many cups] – to return home from there.
     (Which is to say that, with so many cups having been drained, the people have become drunk or intoxicated at the June festival of Fors Fortuna.)

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

語源 2

A noun in -tus built on the same stem as pōtus (adjective/participle).

名詞

pōtus m (genitive pōtūs); fourth declension

1. drink, draught
2. drinking (action)

語形変化

Fourth-declension noun.

派生した語

• → Italian: poto
• → Portuguese: poto

参照

• “potus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “potus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "potus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “potus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “pōtus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 485