tumとは 意味・読み方・使い方

名詞

tum (plural tums)

1. shortened form of tummy

   Synonym: tum-tum

   • 1918, Norman Lindsay, The Magic Pudding, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 18:

     For here am I without a crumb
     To satisfy a raging tum--
     O what an oversight!"
     As he was indulging in these melancholy reflexions he came round a bend in the road, and discovered two people in the very act of having lunch.

   • 1949 February 19, Charles, “My Column”, in Bristol Evening Post, number 5,224, Bristol, →OCLC, page 2, columns 2–3:

     We left the telephone, walked up two small flights of stairs, and opened the front door as, believe it or not, the car with three policemen in it was just pulling up. I mention this amazing promptitude hoping that it will be a comfort to timorous souls whose tums turn over when things go bump in the night.

参考

アナグラム

• MTU, Mut., UTM, mut.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈtũː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈt̪um]

副詞

tum (not comparable)

1. then, thereupon

   Tum Caecilius in horto sedet.

   Then Caecilius sits in the garden.

2. at the time, at that time

   tum primum ― for the first time, then at first

   • 58 BC, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico, VII, 11:

     Qui tum primum allato nuntio de oppugnatione Vellaunoduni

     Who then for the first time being delivered information about the siege of Vellaunodunum

   • between 27 and 9 BC, Livy, Ab urbe condita:

     Ea tum cura maxime intentos habebat Romanos, non ab ira tantum, quae in nullam unquam ciuitatem iustior fuit, quam quod urbs tam nobilis ac potens, sicut defectione sua traxerat aliquot populos, ita recepta inclinatura rursus animos uidebatur ad ueteris imperii respectum

     This concern in particular troubled the mindful Romans at the time, not so much because of anger, which has never been more justified against any other city, rather because a city so noble and powerful, in the same way that it had attracted the support of a number of communities by its revolt, was thought would again turn attention back towards respect for the previous government once recaptured.

3. further on
   • between 29 and 19 BC, Vergil, Aeneid, Book 1, line 164:

     […] tum silvis scaena coruscis […]

     Then, against a forest backdrop shimmering.

使用する際の注意点

Often coupled with cum:

• tum A, cum B = "then A, when B"
• cum A, tum B = "not only A, but also B"

  27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I.13:

  movet res cum multitudinem tum duces

  This event not only shocked the crowd but also the commanders

同意語

• (then): deinde
• (at that time): tunc

派生語

• tunc

関連する語

参照

• “tum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “tum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• tum in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2025), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
• “tum”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • at the same moment that, precisely when: eo ipso tempore, cum; tum ipsum, cum
    
  • Pericles, the greatest man of his day: Pericles, quo nemo tum fuit clarior
    
  • Pericles, the greatest man of his day: Pericles, vir omnium, qui tum fuerunt, clarissimus
    
  • I was ten years old at the time: tum habebam decem annos
    
  • to be sound asleep: sopītum esse
    
  • to talk of a subject which was then the common topic of conversation: in eum sermonem incidere, qui tum fere multis erat in ore
    
  • a hand-to-hand engagement ensued: tum pes cum pede collatus est (Liv. 28. 2)
    

接尾辞

-tum n (genitive -tī); second declension

1. (horticulture) used to form nouns from certain plant or tree names to denote a place where the species grows or is made to grow; grove, thicket, woods; orchard, plantation, -yard, garden

   ‎cārex (“sedge”) + ‎-tum → ‎cārectum (“a sedge-bed”)

   ‎frutex (“a shrub”) + ‎-tum → ‎frutectum (“a shrubbery, thicket”)

別の表記

• -ētum
• -ctum

派生語

接尾辞

-tum

1. inflection of -tus (forming participles and possessive adjectives):
   1. masculine accusative singular
   2. neuter nominative/accusative/vocative singular; often substantivized:

   ‎fūr + ‎-tum → ‎fūrtum

   ‎iubeō + ‎-tum → ‎iussum

語源 2

From -tus (forming action nouns).

接尾辞

-tum

1. suffix forming the accusative supine of verbs

接尾辞

-tum

1. accusative singular of -tus

語源 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

接尾辞

-tūm

1. accusative singular of -tūs