quisquisとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Shared with quisquous and quiscoskos; from Latin quisquis (“whosoever”) or by reduplication of Latin quis (“of what kind”).

代名詞

quisquis

1. (Scotland, rare) Whoever, whosoever.

形容詞

quisquis (comparative more quisquis, superlative most quisquis)

1. (Scotland, rare) Synonym of quisquous.
   • 1909, William Macgill, “Topography and Local History”, in Old Ross-Shire and Scotland, As Seen in the Tain and Balnagown Documents‎:

     A drastic method this last to make sere of a full meeting and no shirkers of a “quisquis” business—evidently meaning a delicate and difficult one; a rare expression not found elsewhere in these papers.

関連する語

• quisquous
• quiscoskos

参照

• “quisquis”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC.
• J[ames] B[rown] Montgomerie-Fleming (1899) “QUISQUOUS, iii. 593.”, in Desultory Notes on Jamieson’s Scottish Dictionary, Glasgow, Edinburgh: William Hodge & Company, pages 121–122

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈkʷɪs.kʷɪs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈkʷis.kʷis]

代名詞

quisquis m or f (indefinite, neuter quidquid or quicquid)

1. whoever, whatever

使用する際の注意点

• This pronoun is rarely used outside the nominative, accusative and vocative cases. For such instances, quis is usually employed.
• Scaevola with a text out of a testament is cited with the neuter plural quaequae, and Ulpianus is cited with the accusative plural quōsquōs.
• Titus Livius is cited with dative or ablative plural quibusquibus in ab urbe condita book 41. However, this depends on edition as it is: "liberos suos quibusquibus Romanis in eam condicionem", or "liberos suos quibuslibet Romanis in eam condicionem".
• Cicero's pro P. Sestio is sometimes cited with the form quiqui, but this does also depend on edition. F. Neue stated, that quiqui appears in some editions of Cicero's pro P. Sestio, but not in manuscripts.
• Plautus, Aulularia, actus IV is sometimes given as a references for a nominative singular quīquī. The text however does depend on the edition.
• Dictionaries and old grammars mention an adjectivally used feminine nominative *quaequae and a neuter *quodquod (or *quocquod). These forms however are unattested, while quisquis and quidquid (or quicquid) are used adjectivally too.

語形変化

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Relative/interrogative pronoun.

引用

• Plautus, Menaechmi, actus V. In: Plautus with an English translation by Paul Nixon, vol. II of five volumes, 1917, p. 446f.:

  Quisquis es, quidquid tibi nomen est, senex, summum Iovem deosque do testes—

  Whoever you are, whatever your name is, old gentleman, I call Heaven and God on high to witness—

• Plautus, Menaechmi, actus V. In: Plautus with an English translation by Paul Nixon, vol. II of five volumes, 1917, p. 486f.:

  venibunt quiqui licebunt, praesenti pecunia.

  • For sale ... your own price ... cash down!
  • All will go for whatever they'll fetch at ready money prices.

関連する語

派生した語

• → English: quiscos, quiscus, quisqouse, quisquose, quisquous; quiscoskos; quis-quis, quisquis

参照

• Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar for schools and colleges founded on comparative grammar, edited by J. B. Greenough, G. L. Kittredge, A. A. Howard and Benj. L. D'Ooge, 1903, p. 69:
  "In quisquis whoever, both parts are declined, but the only forms in common use are quisquis, quidquid (quicquid) and quōquō.
  Note 1.–Rare forms are quemquem and quibisquibus; an ablative quīquī is sometimes found in early Latin; the ablative feminine quāquā is both late and rare. Cuicui occurs as a genitive in the phrase cuicui modī, of whatever kind. Other cases are cited, but have no authority. In early Latin quisquis is occasionally feminine.
  Note 2.–Quisquis is usually substantive, except in the ablative quōquō, which is more commonly an adjective."

Further reading

• “quisquis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “quisquis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• quisquis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.