waleとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

The noun is from 中期英語 wāle (“planking, welt”), from 古期英語 walu (“ridge, bank; rib, comb (of helmet); metal ridge on top of helmet; weal, mark of a blow”), from Proto-Germanic *waluz (“stick, root”), from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, roll”). Akin to Low German wāle; Old Norse vala (“knuckle”). The verb is from late 中期英語 wālen, from the noun.

名詞

wale (plural wales)

1. A ridge or low barrier.
2. A raised rib in knitted goods or fabric, especially corduroy.

   Coordinate term: course

   • 1979, Kax Wilson, A History of Textiles, Westview Press, →ISBN, pages 66-67:

     Most twills are continuous—the wale goes from one corner to the one diagonally opposite. Pattern, however, can be achieved by periodically changing the direction of the wales.

   • 1990, Sharon Alderman, A Handweaver's Notebook, →ISBN, page 50:

     I have woven a small sample of striped corduroy shown here. […] The stripe draws the eye from side to side while the wales draw the eye up and down.

   • 2008, Mary Lisa Gavenas, The Fairchild Encyclopedia of Menswear, page 99:

     The fabric may be further described according to the number of wales per inch: Corduroy known as fine wale, pin-wale, or needle wale has very thin wales (usually twelve or more per inch, i.e., the width of a pin), while wide wale corduroy has thicker wales (usually six or fewer per inch).

3. The texture of a piece of fabric.
   • 1892, “Family Fashions and Fancies”, in Good Housekeeping, volume 14, page 85:

     Crepon cloths, with their heavy crape-like wale, are a noteworthy part of the season's importations.

4. (nautical) A horizontal ridge or ledge on the outside planking of a wooden ship, such as a gunwale or a chainwale.

   Hyponyms: gunwale, chainwale

   • 1863, Andrew Murray, Ship-building in Iron and Wood, page 93:

     The strakes between the several ranges of ports, beginning from under the upper-deck ports of a three-decked ship in the royal navy, are called the channel wale, the middle wale, and the main wale.

5. A horizontal timber used for supporting or retaining earth.
   • 1889 February 23, Architecture and Building: A Journal of Investment and Construction, volume 10, page 63:

     A few feet below the first wale another timber is inserted, likewise secured by struts.

6. A timber bolted to a row of piles to secure them together and in position.
   • 1754, Thomas Gardner, An Historical Account of Dunwich […] :

     Except Plank upon the Head of the Key, and under the upper Wale, and Plank to join the piles.

7. A ridge on the outside of a horse collar.
   • 1976, Ralph Whitlock, Gentle giants: the past, present and future of the heavy horse, page 133:

     The wale is shaped to the size of the horse's neck, and then sewn together, with a flap, known as the 'barge', left free along one side. To this 'barge' the body of the collar is sewn.

8. A ridge or streak produced on skin by a cane or whip.
   • 1597, [Joseph Hall], “(please specify the page)”, in Virgidemiarum, Sixe Bookes. First Three Bookes, of Tooth-lesse Satyrs. […], London: […] Thomas Creede, for Robert Dexter, →OCLC:

     Shall then that foule infamous Cyneds hide Laugh at the purple wales of others side?

   • 1854, S. W. Koelle, African Native Literature, Or Proverbs, Tales, Fables and Historical in the Kanuri Or Bornu Language:

     When the rat had looked at the toad's whole body, and not seen any wale of a stick, he said to the toad, "Brother toad, I have looked at thy whole body, and not seen any wale of a stick: thou art right."

   • 2018, Seabury Quinn, The Dark Angel: The Complete Tales of Jules de Grandin, Volume Three:

     I ran to her, and when I reached her I saw across the white skin of her shoulders the distinct wale of a whip.

関連する語

• waling

動詞

wale (third-person singular simple present wales, present participle waling, simple past and past participle waled)

1. To strike the skin in such a way as to produce a wale or welt.
   • 1832, Owen Felltham, Resolves, Divine, Moral, Political:

     Would suffer his lazy rider to bestride his patie: back, with his hands and whip to wale his flesh, and with his heels to dig into his hungry bowels?

2. To beat a person, especially as punishment or out of anger.
   • 2002, Hal Rothman, Neon Metropolis: How Las Vegas Started the Twenty-First Century:

     When faced with an adulthood that offered few options, grinding poverty and marriage to a man who drank too much and came home to wale on his own family or...no beatings.

3. To give a surface a texture of wales or welts.

参考

• wale on
• whale
• weal
• wheal

語源 2

From 中期英語 wale, wal, from Old Norse val (“choice”), from Proto-Germanic *walą, *walō (“desire, choice”), from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁- (“to choose, want”). Akin to Old Norse velja (“to choose”), Old High German wala "choice" (German Wahl "choice"), 古期英語 willan (“to want”). More at will.

名詞

wale (plural wales)

1. (Scotland, Northern England) Something selected as being the best, preference; choice; choosing.

動詞

wale (third-person singular simple present wales, present participle waling, simple past and past participle waled)

1. (Scotland, Northern England) To choose, select.

別の表記

• wail (obsolete)

参照

• “wale”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “wale”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

アナグラム

• alew, e-law, lawe, weal

別の表記

• wælh

発音

• IPA: /ˈwaːl(ə)/

名詞

wale

1. (rare) An outsider; a guest; one from an unfamiliar land.
2. (rare) A thrall; a hireling.

関連する語

• Wales
• Walsch
• walmore
• walnote
• walwort

参照

• “wāle, n.(3).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 10 May 2018.

語源 2

From 古期英語 walu, from Proto-West Germanic *walu, from Proto-Germanic *waluz.

別の表記

• walle, wala

発音

• IPA: /ˈwaːl(ə)/

名詞

wale (plural wales)

1. A wooden board used for creating the exterior of a vessel; planking.
2. (rare) A welt; an injury created by use of a whip or a similar weapon.
3. (rare) A lesion; a boil.

派生した語

• English: wale, weal
• Scots: wale, wail

参照

• “wāle, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 10 May 2018.

語源 3

Borrowed from Old Norse *valu, earlier form of vǫl, variant of val, from Proto-Germanic *walą.

別の表記

• wal, wall, wayle

発音

• IPA: /ˈwaːl(ə)/

名詞

wale

1. A selection or possibility; a decision.
2. (rare) A preference; something chosen due to its quality.

関連する語

• walen

派生した語

• English: wale
• Scots: wale, Scots: wail

参照

• “wāle, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 10 May 2018.

形容詞

wale

1. amazing, of great quality or talent.
2. pleasing, nice, enjoyable, benevolent
3. strong, firm, strengthy
4. (negatively) impactful, grievous, melancholy
5. (rare) decided, resolved, picked.

参照

• “wāle, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 10 May 2018.

語源 4

名詞

wale

1. alternative form of vale

語源 5

名詞

wale

1. alternative form of wal

語源 6

動詞

wale

1. alternative form of walen

語源 7

名詞

wale

1. alternative form of whal