yvelとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• ivel, evel, uvel, ivil, evil, yvyl, evyl, yvyll, ivyll, evyll, evill, yvell, evell, eveyl, yvle
• ifel, yfel, ufel, eovel, ifell (Early Middle English)
• uvel (West Midlands)

発音

• IPA: /ˈivəl/, /ˈeːvəl/
• (West Midlands) IPA: /ˈyvəl/
• (Kent) IPA: /ˈɛvəl/, /ˈɛːvəl/

形容詞

yvel (plural and weak singular yvele, comparative worse, superlative worst)

1. Morally evil; iniquitous, malign
2. Causing harm; injurious, damaging:
   1. (pathology) infected, abnormal
   2. Causing trouble; tendentious, irascible
3. Not pleasing; unpleasant, foul.
4. Worthy of pity; pitiful, sorry.
5. Having bad fortune; unlucky, unfortunate
6. Of poor design or manufacture; bad, shoddy
7. Disparaging, negative, uncomplimentary.
8. Not trusted; untrustworthy
9. Not easy; challenging, hard

関連する語

• yvel doer
• yvelen
• yvel fare
• yvelnesse
• yvel wille

派生した語

• English: evil
• Scots: evil

参照

• “ivel, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

名詞

yvel (plural yveles)

1. Moral evil; iniquity, wrongness:
   • c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.)‎, published c. 1410, Joon ·i· 5:19, page 115v, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

     we witen þat we ben of god .· ⁊ al þe woꝛld is ſet in yuel

     We know that we are from God, and that all the world is stuck in evil.

   1. A sin or moral transgression.
   2. An evil or malicious being.
2. Harm, injury, trouble:
   1. Someone or something that harms or troubles.
   2. A malady or disease.
   3. (rare) Negative or uncomplimentary speech.

派生した語

• English: evil
• Scots: evil

参照

• “ivel, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

語源 2

From 古期英語 yfele, yfle (“evilly, badly”).

別の表記

• ivel, evel, evil, evyl, evell, evyll, yvele, evele, yvle
• yfele, ufele (Early Middle English)
• uvel, uvele (West Midlands)

発音

• IPA: /ˈivəl(ə)/, /ˈeːvəl(ə)/, /-vlə/
• (West Midlands) IPA: /ˈyvəl(ə)/, /-vlə/
• (Kent) IPA: /ˈɛvəl(ə)/, /ˈɛːvəl(ə)/, /-vlə/

副詞

yvel (comparative worse, superlative worst)

1. wickedly, evilly, iniquitously
2. badly, sloppily, poorly
3. injuriously, harmfully; in a damaging way.
   • c. 1275, Judas (Roud 2964, Child Ballad 23, Trinity College MS. B.14.39), folio 34, recto, lines 30-31; republished at Cambridge: Wren Digital Library (Trinity College), 2019 May 29:

     Up ſtod him iudaſ lord am I þat [frec]. / I naſ neuer o þe ſtude þer me þe evel ſpec.

     Judas stood up: "Lord, am I that bold? / I was never anywhere where people spoke ill about you."

4. hurtfully; in a way causing physical injury.
5. unfortunately, sadly, miserably.
6. wrongly, incorrectly; counter to fact.
7. sickly; having disease or illness.
8. in no way, hardly, insufficiently.
9. just, barely; by a narrow margin.

派生した語

• English: evil (obsolete)

参照

• “ivel(e, adv.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.