beeとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA: /ˈbiː/
• 異形同音異義語: b, be, Bea
• 韻: -iː

語源 1

From 中期英語 bee, from 古期英語 bēo (“bee”), from Proto-West Germanic *bijā, from Proto-Germanic *bijǭ (“bee”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰey- (“bee”).

名詞

bee (plural bees or (dialectal) been)

1. A flying insect, of the clade Anthophila within the hymenopteran superfamily Apoidea, known for its organised societies (though only a minority have them), for collecting pollen and (in some species) producing wax and honey.
   • 1499, John Skelton, The Bowge of Courte:

     His face was belymmed as byes had him stounge […].

   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto XII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

     An angry Wasp th'one in a viall had, / Th'other in hers an hony-laden Bee.

   • 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 12, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:

     Can there be a more formall, and better ordered policie, divided into so severall charges and offices, more constantly entertained, and better maintained, than that of Bees?

   • 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i], page 17:

     Ariell: / Where the Bee ſucks, there ſuck I, / In a Cowslips bell, I lie, / There I cowch when Owles doe crie, / On the Batts backe I doe flie / after Sommer merrily. / Merrily, merrily, ſhall I liue now / Vnder the bloſſom that hangs on the Bow.

   • 1657, Samuel Purchas, “The Excellency of Bees”, in A Theatre of Politicall Flying-Insects. […], London: […] R. I. for Thomas Parkhurst, […], →OCLC, page 1:

     Bees are the moſt excellent of all Inſects vvhatſoever, and expreſſe both vvorth and vvonder in all their vvaies: […]

   • 1913, D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence, “chapter 12”, in Sons and Lovers, London: Duckworth & Co. […], →OCLC:

     He stood across in the other garden, beside a bush of pale Michaelmas daisies, watching the last bees crawl into the hive.

   • 2012 March 31, “Subtle poison”, in The Economist:

     Bees pollinate many of the world’s crops—a service estimated to be worth $15 billion a year in America alone.

   • 2025 January 28, Jack Guy, “Tiny QR codes help scientists track bee movements”, in CNN‎:

     New insights into bee movements and life cycles have been uncovered after researchers tracked the insects using tiny QR codes glued onto their backs. […] “This suggests that most of the foraging that the bees do occurs very close to the hive,” study co-author Margarita López-Uribe, an associate professor of entomology at PSU, told CNN on Monday.

2. (informal, proscribed) Any stinging flying insect, especially a wasp.

同意語

• king of insects

上位語

• pollinator

派生語

関連する語

• Beowulf (possibly)

参考

• apiology, apiculture, beekeeping
• (castes): worker bee, worker, queen bee, queen, drone
• (behavior): beehive, eusocial, hive, swarm, tremble dance, waggle dance
• (anatomy): corbicula, sarothrum, scopa, sting
• (substances): ambrosia, beebread, beeswax, honey, honeycomb, propolis, royal jelly
• apitherapy
• (hives): apiary, beehouse, skep, Langstroth hive,
• (equipment): super, queen-cage, bee escape, duplet, honey extractor, topbar, bee smoker, apidictor
• (diseases): chalkbrood, colony collapse disorder, foulbrood, nosema, sacbrood, stonebrood, varroa

語源 2

Possibly from dialectal bene, been, bean (“help given by neighbours”), from 中期英語 been, bene (“neighbourly help, prayer, petition, request, extra service given by a tenant to his lord”), from 古期英語 bēn (“prayer, request, petition, favour, compulsory service”), from Proto-West Germanic *bōni, from Proto-Germanic *bōniz (“prayer, request, supplication”).

Thus a variant of obsolete ben (“prayer; petition”) and doublet of boon. Cognate with Danish bøn (“prayer”), Dutch ban (“curse”), German Bann (“ban”). More at ban.

名詞

bee (plural bees)

1. A contest, especially for spelling; see spelling bee.

   geography bee

2. A community gathering to share labour, e.g. a sewing bee or a quilting bee.
   • 1856, Samuel Griswold Goodrich, Recollections of a Lifetime:

     The cellar […] was dug by a bee in a single day.

   • 1973, Alan Skeoch, Tony H. Smith, Canadians and their society, page 139:

     There was but little variation in types of buildings in the pioneer period: house, church, store, barn and mill were usually much alike except in size, and a raising bee was the ordinary means of their erection.

   • 2011 September 21, Tim Blanning, “The reinvention of the night”, in Times Literary Supplement:

     Particularly resistant, for example, in many parts of northern Europe was the “spinning bee”, a nocturnal gathering of women to exchange gossip, stories, refreshment and – crucially – light and heat, as they spun wool or flax, knitted or sewed.

派生語

語源 3

From 中期英語 bie, from 古期英語 bēah, bēag, from Proto-West Germanic *baug, from Proto-Germanic *baugaz. Doublet of beag, a learned borrowing; and of bagel.

名詞

bee (plural bees)

1. (obsolete) A ring or torque; a bracelet.
   • 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur, Caxton, Book 7, Chapter xxxv:

     And kyng Arthur gaf her a ryche bee of gold and soo she departed

   • 1658, Sir Thomas Browne, Urne-Burial, Penguin, published 2005, page 16:

     ...restoring unto the world much gold richly adorning his Sword, two hundred Rubies, many hundred Imperial Coynes, three hundred golden Bees, the bones and horseshoe of his horse enterred with him...

語源 4

	A user suggests that this English entry be cleaned up, giving the reason: “Example is not a use of the past participle.”
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Variant spellings.

動詞

bee

1. Obsolete spelling of be.
   • 1604, Reverend Cawdrey, Table Aleph:

     held that a ‘Nicholaitan is an heretike, like Nicholas, who held that wiues should bee common to all alike.’

2. (obsolete) past participle of be; been
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 19, page 8:

     His Lady sad to see his sore constraint, / Cride out, Now now Sir knight, shew what ye bee / Add faith vnto your force, and be not faint: / Strangle her, els she sure will strangle thee.

語源 5

From 中期英語 [Term?], from 古期英語 be, from Latin be (the name of the letter B).

名詞

bee (plural bees)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter B/b.
   • 2004, Will Rogers, The Stonking Steps, page 170:

     "The ee-vee-ee-ar-en-oh-ee-ell-blank-bee-ell-oh-ess-ess-oh-em-blank-en-ee-cee-tee-ay-ar is especially dee-ee-ell-eye-cee-eye-oh-you-ess." Our friends thanked the spelling bee for his help and then he buzzed off.

派生語

参考

• (Latin-script letter names) letter; a, bee, cee, dee, e, ef, gee, aitch, i, jay, kay, el, em, en, o, pee, cue, ar, ess, tee, u, vee, double-u, ex, wye, zee / zed

語源 6

Probably from 古期英語 bēah (“ring”). Compare bow.

名詞

bee (plural bees)

1. (nautical, usually in the plural) Any of the pieces of hard wood bolted to the sides of the bowsprit, to reeve the fore-topmast stays through.

同意語

• bee block

参照

アナグラム

• EBE

語源

From 古期英語 bēo, from Proto-West Germanic *biju, from Proto-Germanic *bijō.

発音

• IPA: /beː/
• (Early Middle English) IPA: /bøː/

名詞

bee (plural been or bees)

1. A bee (insect that collects pollen)
   • a. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Summoner's Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, lines 1693–1696:

     Right so as bees out swarmen from an hyve, / Out of the develes ers ther gonne dryve / Twenty thousand freres on a route / And thurghout helle swarmed al aboute...

     Just like bees swarm from a hive / Out of the devil's arse there were driven / Twenty thousand friars on a rout / And throughout hell they swarmed all about...

派生した語

• English: bee
• Scots: bee, be, beye, bie, bea
• Yola: been (plural)

参照

• “bẹ̄, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 24 November 2018.

語源

Of imitative origin.

間投詞

bee

1. baa (sound of a sheep)
   • 116 BCE – 27 BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, Agricultural Topics 2.1.7, (The spelling "be" is also read in this passage):

     ...vox earum non me, sed bee sonare videtur...

     ...their bleating seems to give the sound "baa" and not "maa"...

参照

Further reading

• “bee”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “bee”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.