criterionとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• criteria (nonstandard)
• criterium

語源

From New Latin criterion, from Ancient Greek κριτήριον (kritḗrion, “a test, a means of judging”), from κριτής (kritḗs, “judge”), from κρίνω (krínō, “to judge”); see critic.

発音

• IPA: /kɹɪˈtɪəɹi.ən/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /kɹaɪˈtɪə.ɹi.ən/
• (General American) IPA: /kɹaɪˈtɪɹ.i.ən/
• 韻: -ɪɹiən

名詞

criterion (plural criteria or (rare) criterions)

1. A standard, test, or requirement by which individual things or people may be compared and judged; a gauge.

   Near-synonym: benchmark

   criterion of choice, of decision, of selection

   • 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XXVII, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume I, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 310:

     Knowledge has come to her too soon—knowledge of evil, unqualified by the general charities which longer experience infallibly brings; but her age has lent its own freshness to this first great emotion; it becomes unconsciously a criterion, and the judgment is harsh, because the remembrance is bitter.

   • 1986, Piotr Buczkowski, Andrzej Klawiter, editors, Theories of Ideology and Ideology of Theories‎, Rodopi, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 57:

     The Enlightment worldview, which considered the order of "Nature" as a basis and, at the same time, the subject of explorations of scientific natural sciences, has, at the same time, considered this order as a criterion of the artistically-aesthetic qualities of art. From an "ideological" point of view, it liberated art from its feudal religious and courtly servitude.

   • 2013 November 30, Paul Davis, “Letters: Say it as simply as possible”, in The Economist‎, volume 409, number 8864:

     Congratulations on managing to use the phrase “preponderant criterion” in a chart (“On your marks”, November 9th). Was this the work of a kakorrhaphiophobic journalist set a challenge by his colleagues, or simply an example of glossolalia?

使用する際の注意点

• The plural form criterions also exists, but is much less common.
• The form criteria is sometimes used as a nonstandard singular form (as in a criteria, this criteria, and so on), with corresponding plural form criterias. In this use, it sometimes means “a single criterion”, sometimes “a set of criteria”.

派生語

関連する語

• criterial
• crisis
• critic
• criticize
• critical

Further reading

• criterion on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• “criterion”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “criterion”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

アナグラム

• tricerion

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [krɪˈtɛ.ri.ɔn]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [kriˈt̪ɛː.ri.on]

名詞

criterion n (genitive criteriī); second declension

1. criterion

語形変化

Second-declension noun (neuter, Greek-type).

派生した語

• → Catalan: criteri
• → French: critère
• → Dutch: criterium
• → English: criterion
• → German: Kriterium
• → Italian: criterio
• → Portuguese: critério
• → Romanian: criteriu
• → Sicilian: critèriu
• → Spanish: criterio