capitaneusとは意味・読み方・使い方

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2025/10/04 14:51 UTC 版)

ラテン語

語源

From caput (“head”) +‎ -āneus. Compare typologically Russian глава́ (glavá), глава́рь (glavárʹ), голова́ (golová).
Later absorbed and merged with similar catepanus, capetanus, and other Vulgar Latin renderings of katepano, the senior rank and title of Byzantine military captains of the Catepanate of Italy, from Byzantine Greek κατεπάνω (katepánō, literally “[the one] placed at the top, or the topmost”)

発音

(Classical Latin) IPA: [ka.pɪˈtaː.ne.ʊs]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ka.piˈt̪aː.ne.us]

形容詞

capitāneus (feminine capitānea, neuter capitāneum); first/second-declension adjective

large, chief in size
capital (of letters)

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
	singular			plural
nominative	capitāneus	capitānea	capitāneum	capitāneī	capitāneae	capitānea
genitive	capitāneī	capitāneae	capitāneī	capitāneōrum	capitāneārum	capitāneōrum
dative	capitāneō	capitāneae	capitāneō	capitāneīs
accusative	capitāneum	capitāneam	capitāneum	capitāneōs	capitāneās	capitānea
ablative	capitāneō	capitāneā	capitāneō	capitāneīs
vocative	capitānee	capitānea	capitāneum	capitāneī	capitāneae	capitānea

派生した語

Italo-Dalmatian:
- Italian: capitano, capitan
  - → Aromanian: cãpitan
  - → English: capitano
  - → Romanian: căpitan
- Sicilian: capitanu
- Venetan: capetanio, capitan
  - → Greek: καπετάνιος (kapetánios)
  - → Ottoman Turkish: كاپتان
    - Turkish: kaptan
    - → Laz: კაპტანი (ǩap̌ťani)
Ligurian: capitan
- → Old Galician-Portuguese: capitan, capitam
  - Galician: capitán
  - Portuguese: capitão, capitam, capitaõ (obsolete)
    - → Burmese: ကပ္ပီတန် (kappitan)
    - → Gujarati: કપ્તાન (kaptān)
    - → Japanese: カピタン (kapitan)
    - → Malay: kapitan
      - Indonesian: kapitan
      - → Hokkien: 甲必丹 (Kap-pit-tan)
Old French: chevetaine, cheftain, chevetaigne, chevetain
- → Middle English: cheveteyn
  - English: chieftain
  - Scots: chieftain
- French: cheftaine, cheftain

Via capitānea f:

Italian: capitagna

Via capitāneum n:

Aromanian: cãpitãnj, cãpitãnjiu, cãpitinj, cãpitinjiu, cãpitunj, cãpitunjiu
Romanian: căpătâi

Borrowings:

→ Old French: capitaine
- Middle French: capitaine
  - French: capitaine
    - → Walloon: captinne
- Norman: cap'taine, cap'tainne
- → Irish: captaen
- → Middle Dutch: capitein
  - Dutch: kapitein (see there for further descendants)
- → Middle English: capitain
  - English: captain (see there for further descendants)
  - Scots: caiptain
- → Middle High German: kapitān
  - German: Kapitän
  - → Old Czech: kapitán
    - Czech: kapitán
- → Middle Low German: kaptein
  - Plautdietsch: Kapitän
  - → Danish: kaptajn
  - → Estonian: kapten
  - → Norwegian: kaptein
  - → Swedish: kapten
    - → Finnish: kapteeni
→ Old Catalan: capitani
- → Catalan: capità
→ Old Occitan: capitani
- → Occitan: capitani
→ Polish: kapitan
- → Russian: капита́н (kapitán), капита́нъ (kapitán) — pre-1918 spelling
  - → Armenian: կապիտան (kapitan)
  - → Azerbaijani: kapitan
  - → Kazakh: капитан (kapitan)
  - → Ukrainian: капітан (kapitan)
  - → Yakut: капитан (kapitan)
→ Spanish: capitán
- → English: capitan
- → Tagalog: kapitan
- → Ye'kwana: kajichaana
- → English: capitan

Unsorted borrowings:

→ Arabic: قبطان (qubṭān)
→ Belarusian: капітан (kapitan)
→ Bulgarian: капитан (kapitan)
→ Crimean Tatar: kapitan
→ Georgian: კაპიტანი (ḳaṗiṭani)
→ Hebrew: קפטן (kepten)
→ Hijazi Arabic: قبطان (gubṭān)
→ Hungarian: kapitány
→ Icelandic: kapteinn
→ Latvian: kapteinis
→ Macedonian: капетан (kapetan)
→ Malayalam: കപ്പിത്താന് (kappittānŭ)
→ Maltese: kaptan
→ Persian: کاپیتان (kâpitân)
→ Scottish Gaelic: caiptean
→ Serbo-Croatian: капетан / kapetan
→ Slovak: kapitán
→ Slovene: kapetan
→ Welsh: capten
→ Yiddish: קאַפּיטאַן (kapitan)

名詞

capitāneus m (genitive capitāneī, feminine capitānea); second declension

captain, commander
governor, commandant
civic official, prefect
tribal chieftain, chief

語形変化

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	capitāneus	capitāneī
genitive	capitāneī	capitāneōrum
dative	capitāneō	capitāneīs
accusative	capitāneum	capitāneōs
ablative	capitāneō	capitāneīs
vocative	capitānee	capitāneī

参照

“capitaneus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
"capitaneus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
“capitaneus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

^ Salmon Claudine. Malay (and Javanese) Loan-words in Chinese as a Mirror of Cultural Exchanges. In: Archipel, volume 78, 2009. pp. 181-208

[1] Salmon Claudine. Malay (and Javanese) Loan-words in Chinese as a Mirror of Cultural Exchanges. In: Archipel, volume 78, 2009. pp. 181-208

capitaneusとは意味・読み方・使い方

Wiktionary英語版での「capitaneus」の意味

capitaneus

語源

発音

形容詞

語形変化

派生した語

名詞

語形変化

参照

「capitaneus」のお隣キーワード

capitaneusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

Wiktionary英語版での「capitaneus」の意味

capitaneus

語源

発音

形容詞

語形変化

派生した語

名詞

語形変化

参照

「capitaneus」のお隣キーワード

capitaneusとは意味・読み方・使い方