dictumとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Latin dictum (“proverb, maxim”), from dictus (“having been said”), perfect passive participle of dico (“to say”). Compare Spanish dicho (“saying”). Doublet of dict.

発音

• (英国発音, 米国発音) IPA: /ˈdɪk.təm/
• 韻: -ɪktəm

名詞

dictum (plural dicta or dictums)

1. An authoritative statement; a dogmatic saying; a maxim, an apothegm.
   • 1918, Walter Lionel George, A Novelist on Novels‎:

     This should not surprise us who know that van Gogh wrote: 'To paint and to love women is incompatible'; van Gogh was right for himself, which does not mean that he was right for everybody, and I will not draw from his dictum the probably incorrect conclusion that 'To paint and to love literature is incompatible.'

   • 1949, Bruce Kiskaddon, George R. Stewart, Earth Abides:

     […] a dictum which he had heard an economics professor once propound […]

   • 1951 July, “British Standard Locomotives”, in Railway Magazine, page 438:

     1. The utmost in steam producing capacity permitted by weight and dimensions; in other words, capacity to boil water—H. A. Ivatt's old dictum.

   • 1992, Arthur Coleman Danto, Beyond the Brillo Box, University of California Press, →ISBN, page 5:

     But this is not the philosophical revolution of which I speak. What Warhol's dictum amounted to was that you cannot tell when something is a work of art just by looking at it, for there is no particular way that art has to look.

2. A judicial opinion expressed by judges on points that do not necessarily arise in the case, and are not involved in it.
3. The report of a judgment made by one of the judges who has given it.
4. An arbitrament or award.

派生語

関連する語

• quidquid Latine dictum sit altum videtur

参考

• ipse dixit

語源 1

Neuter form of dictus (“said, spoken”), perfect passive participle of dīcō (“to say, to speak”).

名詞

dictum n (genitive dictī); second declension

1. a word, saying, something said
2. proverb, maxim, saw
3. bon mot, witticism

   Synonym: dictērium

4. verse, poetry
5. a prophecy, prediction
6. order, command
7. promise, assurance

語形変化

Second-declension noun (neuter).

関連する語

派生した語

Further reading

• “dictum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “dictum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "dictum", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “dictum”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) a short, pointed witticism: breviter et commode dictum
    
  • (ambiguous) a witticism, bon mot: facete dictum
    
  • (ambiguous) a far-fetched joke: arcessitum dictum (De Or. 2. 63. 256)
    
  • (ambiguous) to make jokes on a person: dicta dicere in aliquem
    
  • (ambiguous) to obey a person's orders: dicto audientem esse alicui
    
  • (ambiguous) as I said above: ut supra (opp. infra) diximus, dictum est
    
  • (ambiguous) so much for this subject...; enough has been said on..: ac (sed) de ... satis dixi, dictum est
    

語源 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Participle

dictum

1. inflection of dictus:
   1. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular
   2. accusative masculine singular

動詞

dictum

1. accusative supine of dīcō