enoughとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• enow (archaic, often plural)
• anough (obsolete)
• aneuch, eneuch, eneugh (Scotland)
• 'nough
• enuf (may be used by advocates of English spelling reform)
• enuff

語源

From 中期英語 ynogh, from 古期英語 ġenōg (“enough”), from Proto-Germanic *ganōgaz (“enough”) (compare Scots eneuch, West Frisian genôch, Dutch genoeg, German genug, Low German (ge)noog, Danish nok, Swedish nog, Icelandic nógur), from *ganuganą 'to suffice' (compare 古期英語 ġeneah), or from *ga- + an unattested *nōgaz, probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂nó(n)ḱe (“he has reached, attained”), perfective of *h₂neḱ- (“to reach”) (compare Old Irish tánaic (“he arrived”), Latin nancisci (“to get”), Albanian kënaq (“to please, satisfy”).).

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ɪˈnʌf/
• (General American) IPA: /ɪˈnʌf/, /i-/, /ə-/
• 韻: -ʌf

限定詞

enough

1. Sufficient; all that is required, needed, or appropriate.
   1. Used before a noun in the manner of words like some, a bit of, and so on.

      I've already had enough coffee today.

   2. (archaic) Used after a noun.

      There is food enough for us all.

      • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Luke 15:17:

        How many hired servants of my father's have bread enough and to spare!

      • 1936, Robert Frost, “The Vindictives”, in A Further Range:

        But it wasn’t ransom enough.
        His captors accepted it all,
        But didn’t let go of the king.

使用する際の注意点

• When used after a noun, the article is omitted, and it often describes an inherent adjectival quality of that noun rather than a tangible portion. Thus one hears:

 He is man enough for the job

 He is the man enough for the job.

 He is a man enough for the job.

派生した語

• Sranan Tongo: nofo

副詞

enough

1. Sufficiently.

   Those pears aren't ripe enough for the children to eat (them).

   You've worked enough; rest for a bit.

   We don't have long enough nails.

   • 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter V, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

     Of all the queer collections of humans outside of a crazy asylum, it seemed to me this sanitarium was the cup winner. […] When you're well enough off so's you don't have to fret about anything but your heft or your diseases you begin to get queer, I suppose.

   • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XVI, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

     The preposterous altruism too! […] Resist not evil. It is an insane immolation of self—as bad intrinsically as fakirs stabbing themselves or anchorites warping their spines in caves scarcely large enough for a fair-sized dog.

   • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 15, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:

     ‘No,’ said Luke, grinning at her. ‘You're not dull enough! […] What about the kid's clothes? I don't suppose they were anything to write home about, but didn't you keep anything? A bootee or a bit of embroidery or anything at all?’

2. Fully; quite; used after adjectives to express slight augmentation of the positive degree, and sometimes equivalent to very.

   He is ready enough to accept the offer.

   • 1598–1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “Much Adoe about Nothing”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:

     I know you well enough; you are Signior Antonio.

   • 1910, Emerson Hough, chapter I, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

     “[…] it is not fair of you to bring against mankind double weapons ! Dangerous enough you are as woman alone, without bringing to your aid those gifts of mind suited to problems which men have been accustomed to arrogate to themselves.”

3. Used after certain adverbs to emphasise that a quality is notable, unexpected, etc.

   Talking of Mr Smith, funnily enough, I saw him just the other day.

   I left my camera on the train, but luckily enough someone handed it in to lost property.

使用する際の注意点

• As an adverb, in modern English, enough almost always follows the verb, adjective or adverb that it qualifies. In older language and certain dialects, cases where it precedes the modified word, e.g. "He was enough satisfied" or "I was not enough recompensed", may be seen.
• The archaic form enow was remarked as early as Samuel Johnson to be used for plural nouns.

代名詞

enough

1. A sufficient or adequate number, amount, etc.

   I have enough (of it) to keep me going.

   Enough of you are here to begin the class.

   Get some more plates. There aren’t enough yet.

   Not enough is known yet about the causes of the pandemic.

   I explained enough for her to understand the issue: there wasn't enough of an economic surplus.

間投詞

enough!

1. Stop! Don't do that any more!

   I'm sick of you complaining! Enough!

名詞

enough (plural enoughs)

1. (rare, chiefly in the plural) An instance of being sufficient, or of doing something sufficiently.
   • 1909, Edwin Balmer, Waylaid by Wireless: A Suspicion, a Warning, a Sporting Proposition, and a Transatlantic Pursuit, page 29:

     And she was neither beautiful nor handsome, but just at the point halfway between which a girl of twenty-three reaches who inherits good features and healthful figure, and who has learned to dance well, ride well, study enough, golf enough, and has attained the thousand other "well and enoughs" which include talking well and listening enough, and allow a woman to be liked and loved with so little consciousness that she never suspects she is particularly liked at all.

派生語