ensisとは 意味・読み方・使い方

アナグラム

• I-ness, sines, Nisse, sensi, SINEs, snies, Neiss, seins, Sensi, siens

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈẽː.sɪs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈɛn.sis]

名詞

ēnsis m (genitive ēnsis); third declension

1. (chiefly poetic) sword, brand

   Synonym: gladius

   Synonym: framea

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 2.391–393:

     […] sīc fātus deinde comantem / Androgeī galeam clipeīque īnsigne decōrum / induitur, laterīque Argīuum accommodat ēnsem.

     • 2007 translation by Frederick Ahl

       […] This said, he donned Androgeos' helmet, / Crested with plumes, then he strapped on his shield, quite superbly emblazoned, / Fitted an Argive sword at his hip, readjusting the buckle.

   • 8 CE, Ovid, Metamorphoses 5.79–80:

     At nōn Actoridēn Erytum, cui lāta bipennis / tēlum erat, hāmātō Perseus petit ēnse […]

     Yet does not Perseus attack Erytus, son of Actor, for whom a broad double-sided battle-axe was his weapon, with his hooked sword […]

   • c. 150 CE – 200 CE, Hyginus, De Astronomia 3.33:

     Ōrīōn. Hunc ā zōnā et reliquō corpore aequinoctiālis circulus dīuidit, cum Taurō dēcertantem collocātum, dextrā manū clāuam tenentem et incīnctum ēnse spectantem ad occāsum, et occidentem exortā Scorpiōnis posteriōre parte et Sagittāriō exoriente, cum Cancrō autem tōtō corpore pariter exsurgentem. Hic habet in capite stēllās III clārās, in utrīsque humerīs singulās, in dextrō cubitō obscūram I, in manū similem I, in zōnā III, in eō quō gladius eius dēfōrmātur III obscūrās, in utrīsque genibus singulās clārās, in pedibus singulās. Omnīnō XVII.

     Orion. His belt and the rest of his body are separated [from the upper part of him] by the equator. He is placed as though in confrontation with the Bull, holding a club in his right hand, and with a sword at his waist; he is looking toward the west. He sets at the rising of the hind part of the Scorpion, and rises with his whole body at the same time as the Crab. He has three bright stars on his head, one star on each shoulder, a faint star on his right elbow, a similar star on his hand, three stars on his belt, three faint ones where his sword is depicted, one bright one on each knee, and one each at his feet. In all, seventeen.

2. (figuratively) war

   lātēque vagātur ēnsis ― and far and wide the sword wanders

3. (figuratively) defender

   Mārcellō Rōmānōrum ēnsī ― to Marcellus, the Romans’ sword

4. (figuratively) royal sway
5. (metonymic) the constellation Orion

語形変化

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

派生語

• ēnsifer
• ēnsiculus

派生した語

• Translingual: Ensis

参照

• “ensis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ensis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "ensis", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “ensis”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “ensis”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ensis”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “ēnsis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 190
• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 171
• Pokorny, Julius (1959), “ṇsi-s”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 771
• Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*h_2/3ṇsis”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 561

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈen.sis/, [ˈẽːs̠ɪs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈen.sis/, [ˈɛnsis]

接尾辞

-ēnsis (neuter -ēnse); third-declension two-termination suffix

1. Of or from [a place].

使用する際の注意点

The suffix -ēnsis is added to a toponym (especially the name of a town) or to a topographical name, in order to form an adjective.

Examples:

‎Eborācum (“York”) + ‎-ēnsis → ‎eborācēnsis (“of or from York”)

‎castra (“camp”) + ‎-ēnsis → ‎castrēnsis (“of the camp”)

語形変化

Third-declension two-termination adjective.

派生語

派生した語

参考

• -ānus / -īnus

参照