ensignとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 ensigne, from Old French enseigne, from Latin īnsignia, nominative plural of īnsigne, meaning marked, distinguished. Doublet of insignia.

発音

• IPA: /ˈɛn.sɪn/, IPA: /ˈɛn.sən/, [ˈɛn.sn̩] IPA: /ˈɛn.saɪn/
• 韻: -ɛnsən

名詞

ensign (plural ensigns)

1. A badge of office, rank, or power.
   • 1690, Edmund Waller, The Maid’s Tragedy, Alter’d by Mr Waller‎, page 8:

     The Ensigns of our Power about we bear; / And every Land pays Tribute to the Fair.

2. The lowest grade of commissioned officer in the United States Navy, junior to a lieutenant junior grade.
   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter X, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

     The skipper Mr. Cooke had hired at Far Harbor was a God-fearing man with a luke warm interest in his new billet and employer, and had only been prevailed upon to take charge of the yacht after the offer of an emolument equal to half a year's sea pay of an ensign in the navy.

3. A flag or banner carried by military units; a standard or color/colour.

   Synonym: ancient

   • 1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Sixt”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iv]:

     Hang up your ensigns, let your drums be still,

4. (nautical) The principal flag or banner flown by a ship (usually at the stern) to indicate nationality.
   • 1960 [a. 120], Ian Scott-Kilvert, “Life of Alcibiades”, in The Rise and Fall of Athens: Nine Greek Lives, translation of original by Plutarch:

     But Alcibiades swiftly ran up the Athenian ensign on his flagship and bore down on that part of the Peloponnesian fleet which held the advantage and was pursuing the Athenians.

5. Any prominent flag or banner.
   • 1667, John Milton, “(please specify the page number)”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

     Ten thousand thousand ensigns high advanced.

6. (historical) A junior commissioned officer in the 18th and 19th centuries whose duty was to carry the unit's ensign.

同意語

• See Thesaurus:badge

(junior commissioned officer):

• coronet (cavalry equivalent of the infantry ensign)
• second lieutenant (OF-1), first NATO commissioned officer grade above OF-0 trainee officer

派生語

動詞

ensign (third-person singular simple present ensigns, present participle ensigning, simple past and past participle ensigned)

1. (obsolete) To designate as by an ensign.
   • 1610, Ben Jonson, The Speeches at Prince Henry's Barriers‎, archived from the original on 18 November 2018:

     HENRY but ioyn’d the Roses, that ensign’d / Particular families, but this hath ioyn’d / The Rose and Thistle,

2. To distinguish by a mark or ornament.
3. (heraldry) To distinguish by an ornament, especially by a crown.

   Any charge which has a crown immediately above or upon it, is said to be ensigned.

アナグラム

• engins, genins, Singen