grueとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• enPR: gro͞o, IPA: /ɡɹuː/
• 韻: -uː
• Homophone: grew

語源 1

From 中期英語 gruen, probably from Middle Low German gruwen or Middle Dutch gruwen (compare Dutch gruwen), both from Proto-Germanic *grūwijaną, perhaps ultimately an imitative derivative of Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰers- (“to bristle”), or instead from *gʰer- (“to rub, stroke, grind”).

動詞

grue (third-person singular simple present grues, present participle gruing or grueing, simple past and past participle grued)

1. (intransitive, archaic except Northern England, Scotland) To be frightened; also, to shudder with fear; to quake, to tremble.
   • 1822, [Walter Scott], The Pirate. […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co., →OCLC, pages 111–112:

     ["]I would have done Mr. Mordaunt's bidding too," he added, relaxing from his note of defiance, into the deferential whining tone with which he cajoled his customers, "if he hadna made use of profane oaths which made my very flesh grue, and caused me, in some sort, to forget myself."

名詞

grue (plural grues)

1. (Scotland) A shiver, a shudder.
   • 1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:

     Upon all others the sight of Alison, were it but for a moment, cast a cold grue, not to be remembered without terror.

   • 1964, Geoffrey Jenkins, (title):

     A Grue of Ice

   • 1992, Alasdair Gray, Poor Things, Bloomsbury, published 2002, page 25:

     A cold grue went through me—I was unable to touch such a hand.

参照

語源 2

Back-formation from gruesome.

名詞

grue (uncountable)

1. Any byproduct of a gruesome event, such as gore, viscera, entrails, blood and guts.

   The butcher was covered in the accumulated grue of a hard day's work

   There was grue everywhere after the accident

   • 1958, Samuel Youd, writing as John Christopher, The Caves of Night:

     'I've told you - it wasn't much. He tried to kiss me.' She smiled slightly. 'Just after he had shown me the family skeletons.' / 'What a lovely bit of grue!'

   • 1990, John DeChancie, Castle War!

     Incarnadine had to be quick with the sword. Huge wings flapped in time with explosions of grue, and the stink of burnt flesh and feathers filled the air.

   • 1996, Linda Badley, Writing Horror and the Body [2]

     Carrie is Cinderella in the body language of menstrual blood and raging hormones. King’s adolescent joy in grimaces and groans, the Mad magazine humor, and the staple of “grue” hardly need mentioning.

   • 2002, Carole Nelson Douglas, Chapel Noir [3]

     “[...] She is quite agreeable to gruesome ghost stories, but appalled by the lust for life.” / “I admit that I am surprised by how well she handles sheer grue, better than I.”

   • 2004, Talbot Mundy, Guns of the Gods [4]

     “This is the grue,” said Dick, holding his lantern high. / Its light fell on a circle of skeletons, all perfect, each with its head toward a brass bowl in the center.

語源 3

Probably from gruesome; first used in Jack Vance's Dying Earth universe in the 1940s, but popularized by the text-based computer game Zork in 1980.

名詞

grue (plural grues)

1. A fictional man-eating predator that dwells in the dark.
   • 1981, Byte, volume 6:

     I managed to get into the house through the front once, but I was plunged into darkness and eaten by a monster called a grue.

   • 2009, Jas, “Hazadous Australian animals the GRUE.... your guide”, in rec.travel.australia+nz (Usenet):

     To find a grue, turn off the light at night, or go for a walk in a dark place (but carry a flashlight with you).

   • 2004, M.D. Dollahite, “How would you imagine a grue?”, in rec.games.int-fiction (Usenet):

     Incidentally, the best official text description I know of is in Sorcerer, when you actually become a grue and visit a grue colony. IIRC, even that description is vague, but does cannonize that they are large four-legged reptiles.

語源 4

Blend of green +‎ blue. The philosophy sense was coined by American philosopher Nelson Goodman in 1955 to illustrate concepts in the philosophy of science. The linguistic sense was coined by American linguist Paul Kay in 1975 as a translation from languages such as Welsh that have a basic cover term that covers both the hues called "green" and "blue" in English.

形容詞

grue (not comparable)

1. (philosophy) Of an object, green when first observed before a specified time or blue when first observed after that time.
   • 1965, Nelson Goodman, Fact, Fiction and Forecast:

     The grue property is defined as: x is grue if and only if x is green and is observed before the year 2000, or x is blue and is not observed before the year 2000.

   • 2007, Michael Clark, Paradoxes from A to Z:

     The unexamined emeralds cannot be both green and grue, since if they are grue and unexamined they are blue.

2. (linguistics) Of a single color inclusive of both green and blue as different shades, used in translations from languages such as Old Welsh and Old Chinese that lacked a distinction between green and blue.

等位語

• (philosophy): bleen

派生語

• grue jay

参考

• aquamarine
• bleen
• blue-green
• cyan
• turquoise

語源 5

名詞

grue (uncountable)

1. (slang) Nutraloaf, a bland mixture of foods served in prisons.

参照

アナグラム

• Guer., Ruge, geru, regu, urge