grapeとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• enPR: grāp, IPA: /ɡɹeɪp/
• 韻: -eɪp

語源 1

From 中期英語 grape, from Old French grape, grappe, crape (“cluster of fruit or flowers, bunch of grapes”), from graper, craper (“to pick grapes”, literally “to hook”), of Germanic origin, from Frankish *krappō (“hook”), from Proto-Indo-European *greb- (“hook”), *gremb- (“crooked, uneven”), from *ger- (“to turn, bend, twist”). Displaced native 古期英語 wīnberġe (“grape”, literally “wine-berry”). Cognate with Middle Dutch krappe (“hook”), Old High German krapfo (“hook”) (whence German Krapfen (“Berliner doughnut”). Doublet of grappa. More at cramp.

名詞

grape (countable and uncountable, plural grapes)

1. (countable) A small, round, smooth-skinned edible fruit, usually purple, red, or green, that grows in bunches on female vines of most species of genus Vitis and the self-fertile plants of species Vitis vinifera.

   Grapes give us whole-fruit snacks, grape juice, raisins, wine, and more.

2. (countable, uncountable) Any woody vine of genus Vitis that bears clusters of grapes; a grapevine.

   wild grape covering the back slope

3. (countable) Any of various fruits or plants with varying resemblances to those of genus Vitis but belonging to other genera, not necessarily edible.

   sea grape; tail grape

4. (countable, uncountable) A dark purplish-red colour, the colour of many grapes.

   For those seeking purply tones, the paint colors available include mauve, magenta, and grape.

   grape:  

5. (uncountable) Clipping of grapeshot.

   men mowed down by grape

   • 1838, [Edgar Allan Poe], The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket. […], New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], →OCLC:

     The boarding-nettings were up, the guns double-shotted with grape and canister, and the swivels loaded with canisters of musket-balls.

6. (pathology) A mangy tumour on a horse's leg.
7. (US, naval slang) A purple-shirted technician responsible for refueling aircraft.
   • 1998, Approach, volume 43, number 10, page 10:

     I was horrified to see three grapes standing by the aircraft with the hose still connected.

8. (African-American Vernacular, slang) A person's head.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:head

下位語

(plants of genus Vitis):

(plants of other genera):

派生語

関連する語

形容詞

grape (comparative more grape, superlative most grape)

1. Containing grapes or having a grape flavor.
2. Of a dark purplish red colour.

動詞

grape (third-person singular simple present grapes, present participle graping, simple past and past participle graped)

1. To pick grapes.
   • 1973, Nancy Safford, Time's Island; Portraits of the Vineyard, page 35:

     I used to go graping and blackberrying and blueberrying.

2. Of livestock, to develop tubercules as a result of tuberculosis.
   • 1856, House of Commons of the United Kingdom, Reports from Committees, page 138:

     Some are called ticked; some have the milk fever; some have worm-'ith-tail ; some are graped ; others are broken-up old cows.

   • 1891, Public Health - Volume 4, page 249:

     The lungs were in a bad condition, hard in places, and lumpy and badly graped.

   • 1898, Great Britain Royal Commission on Tuberculosis, Report of the Royal Commission Appointed to Inquire Into the Administrative Procedures for Controlling Danger to Man Through the Use as Food of the Meat and Milk of Tuberculous Animals, page 245:

     Do I understand that the carcases of the graped cows, to which you refer, were used for food ?

3. To develop a texture with small grape-like clusters of a contaminant or foreign substance.
   • 1932, Kenneth Slessor, Cuckooz Contrey:

     Over the huge abraded rind, Crow-countries graped with dung, we go, Past gullies that no longer flow And wells that nobody can find, Lashed by the screaming of the crow, Stabbed by the needles of the mind.

   • 1991, Desheng Li, Tectonic types of oil and gas basins in China, page 162:

     Some small graped pisolitic textures are primary but not important.

   • 2012, K. Subramanian, Lead-free Solders: Materials Reliability for Electronics, →ISBN, page 169:

     An additional concern is the problem of graping, which becomes more visible when type-4 solder powder is required for fine-pitch μ-BGA attachment.

4. (Northern UK) To grope.
   • 1780, Alexander Wilson, A Pedlar's Story:

     Lang, lang I sought and graped for my pack, Till night and hunger forced me to come back.

   • 1836, William Stephenson Jr, Punch and Toby:

     Aw graped my way out i' the dark, An' down the stairs aw scrafflel'd

   • 1836, Walter Scott, The antiquary, page 56:

     I dinna ken,” said Steenie ; “ the book had fa'en out 0' his pocket, I fancy, for I fand it amang my feet when I was graping about to set him on his legs again, and I just pat it in my pouch to keep it safe ;

   • 1881, Robert Burns, The Two Lawyers, page 280:

     'Till in a declamation mist, His argument he tint it; He gapéd for't, he graped for't, He fand it was awa, man;

5. (Hong Kong) To envy (derived from "sour grapes" idiom).

   (Can we add an example for this sense?)

語源 2

名詞

grape (countable and uncountable, plural grapes)

1. (Internet slang, euphemistic) Filter-avoidance spelling of rape.

   Synonym: 🍇

関連する語

動詞

grape (third-person singular simple present grapes, present participle graping, simple past and past participle graped)

1. (Internet slang, euphemistic) Filter-avoidance spelling of rape.

   Synonym: 🍇

アナグラム

• gaper, pager, parge