gossipとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 godsybbe, godsib (“a close friend or relation, a confidant; a godparent”), from 古期英語 godsibb (“godparent, sponsor”), equivalent to god +‎ sib. Doublet of godsib. For sense evolution to "gossip, discussing others' personal affairs," compare French commérage.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈɡɒsɪp/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈɡɑsəp/
• ハイフネーション: gos‧sip

名詞

gossip (countable and uncountable, plural gossips)

1. (countable) Someone who likes to talk about other people's private or personal business.

   Synonyms: busybody, gossipmonger, meddler, rumormonger; see also Thesaurus:gossiper

   Be careful what you say to him: he’s a bit of a gossip.

   • 1752, Arthur Murphy, The Gray’s Inn Journal‎, volume 1, number 11, page 73:

     A losing Gamester, who is obliged to drive into the City to dispose of a little South Sea Stock, gives the Hint there. The Gossips at Garraway’s have it in a Moment: At One it is buzz’d on Change, and the circulating Whisper in the Boxes interrupts the Play at Night.

   • 1846, Herman Melville, “Sequel Containing the Story of Toby”, in Typee‎:

     He was an arrant old gossip, too; for ever coming off in his canoe to the ships in the bay, and regaling their crews with choice little morsels of court scandal […]

   • 1952, John Steinbeck, chapter 48, in East of Eden‎, London: Heinemann, page 456:

     Alf could tell you about everybody on both sides of Main Street. He was a vicious male gossip, insatiably curious and vindictive without malice.

2. (uncountable) Idle talk about someone’s private or personal matters, especially about someone not present.

   Synonyms: dirt, hearsay, rumor, scandal, scuttlebutt; see also Thesaurus:rumor

   According to the latest gossip, their relationship is on the rocks.

   I have a juicy piece of gossip to share with you.

   • 1817 (date written), [Jane Austen], chapter XVIII, in Persuasion; published in Northanger Abbey: And Persuasion. […], volume (please specify |volume=III or IV), London: John Murray, […], 20 December 1817 (indicated as 1818), →OCLC:

     […] the thing is certainly true. It is not a mere bit of gossip. We have it from Frederick himself.

   • 1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter II, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:

     I ought to arise and go forth with timbrels and with dances; but, do you know, I am not inclined to revels? There has been a little—just a very little bit too much festivity so far …. Not that I don’t adore dinners and gossip and dances; not that I do not love to pervade bright and glittering places. […]

   • 1980, J. M. Coetzee, chapter 2, in Waiting for the Barbarians‎, Penguin, published 1982, page 32:

     The smaller a town the more richly it hums with gossip. There are no private affairs here. Gossip is the air we breathe.

   • 2018, Anna Burns, chapter 1, in Milkman‎, London: Faber & Faber:

     Intense nosiness about everybody had always existed in the area. Gossip washed in, washed out, came, went, moved on to the next target.

3. (uncountable) Idle conversation in general.

   Synonyms: chat, chinwag, chit-chat, natter; see also Thesaurus:chatter

   • 1868–1869, Louisa M[ay] Alcott, chapter 38, in Little Women: […], (please specify |part=1 or 2), Boston, Mass.: Roberts Brothers, →OCLC:

     The parlor was always bright and attractive, the chessboard ready, the piano in tune, plenty of gay gossip, and a nice little supper set forth in tempting style.

4. (uncountable) A genre in contemporary media, usually focused on the personal affairs of celebrities.

   a gossip columnist

   a gossip blog

   • 1914 November, Louis Joseph Vance, “An Outsider […]”, in Munsey’s Magazine, volume LIII, number II, New York, N.Y.: The Frank A[ndrew] Munsey Company, […], published 1915, →OCLC, chapter I (Anarchy), page 373, column 2:

     Little disappointed, then, she turned attention to "Chat of the Social World," gossip which exercised potent fascination upon the girl's intelligence. She devoured with more avidity than she had her food those pretentiously phrased chronicles of the snobocracy—[…]—distilling therefrom an acid envy that robbed her napoleon of all its flavor.

5. (computing) Communication done using a gossip protocol.
6. (now only historical) A sponsor; a godfather or godmother; the godparent of one's child or godchild, or the parent of one's godchild.

   Synonyms: sponsor, godsib

   Hyponyms: godfather, godmother

   • c. 1590–1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Two Gentlemen of Verona”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:

     ’tis not a maid, for she hath had gossips [i.e. she could not be a virgin, because she has children with godparents]

   • 1689, John Selden, Table-Talk‎, London: Jacob Tonson et al., 1696, “Prayer”, page 134:

     Should a great Lady, that was invited to be a Gossip, in her place send her Kitchen-Maid, ’twould be ill taken;

   • 1742, [Samuel Richardson], Pamela: Or, Virtue Rewarded. […], volume III, London: […] S[amuel] Richardson; and sold by C[harles] Rivington, […]; and J. Osborn, […], →OCLC, page 400:

     It seems, Miss, that if he stood not himself, or procur’d not Gossips for the Christening of the Children of his poorer Tenants, he always sent them a large rich Cake […]

   • 1908, Patrick Weston Joyce, A Smaller Social History of Ancient Ireland: Treating of the Government, Military System, and Law; Religion, Learning, and Art; Trades, Industries, and Commerce; Manners, Customs, and Domestic Life, of the Ancient Irish People, page 287:

     When a man stood sponsor for a child at baptism, he became the child's godfather, and gossip to the parents.

   • 2010, Susan E. Phillips, Transforming Talk: The Problem with Gossip in Late Medieval England, Penn State Press, →ISBN, page 154:

     Gossips accepted responsibility for the child's spiritual and physical well-being,  […]

7. (obsolete) A familiar acquaintance.

   Synonym: friend

   • 1613 (date written), William Shakespeare, [John Fletcher], “The Famous History of the Life of King Henry the Eight”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene v]:

     My noble gossips, ye have been too prodigal:
     I thank ye heartily;

8. (obsolete) Title used with the name of one's child's godparent or of a friend.
   • c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merry Wiues of Windsor”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene ii]:

     What, ho, gossip Ford! what, ho!

   • 1905, William John Locke, chapter 11, in The Morals of Marcus Ordeyne‎:

     He was old and infirm, he wrote, and Gossip Death was waiting for him on the moor; but before he went to join him he would like to see Susan’s boy again.

派生語

派生した語

• →? Wu: 茄山河

動詞

gossip (third-person singular simple present gossips, present participle gossiping or (rare) gossipping, simple past and past participle gossiped or (rare) gossipped)

1. (intransitive) To talk about someone else's private or personal business, especially in a manner that spreads the information.

   Synonyms: blab, dish the dirt, spill the tea, talk out of turn, tell tales out of school

   • 1749, Henry Fielding, chapter 4, in The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume I, London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, book II, page 66:

     This Place then is no other than the Chandler’s Shop; the known Seat of all the News; or, as it is vulgarly called, Gossiping, in every Parish in England.

   • 1959, Muriel Spark, chapter 8, in Memento Mori‎, New York: Time-Life, 1964, page 109:

     Godfrey felt guilty at having gossiped to Olive about Lettie’s changes in her will.

2. (intransitive) To talk idly.

   Synonyms: chat, chatter, chew the fat, chinwag, natter, prattle, shoot the breeze

   • 1889, Jerome K. Jerome, chapter 14, in Three Men in a Boat […] ‎:

     […] on seats beneath the trees, the old men group of an evening to drink their ale and gossip over village politics;

   • 1925 July – 1926 May, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “(please specify the chapter number)”, in The Land of Mist (eBook no. 0601351h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, published April 2019:

     "Tut! tut! The unchanging woman. They gossiped in my time and they gossip still."

3. (obsolete) To stand godfather to; to provide godparents for.
   • c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:

     […] a world
     Of pretty, fond, adoptious christendoms [i.e. Christian names],
     That blinking Cupid gossips.

   • 1709, Richard Steele, “No. 95 in The Lucubrations of Isaac Bickerstaff”, in The Tatler‎, London, 1712, page 282:

     The Pleasure I used to take in telling my Boy Stories of the Battles, and asking my Girl Questions about the Disposal of her Baby, and the Gossiping of it, is turned into inward Reflection and Melancholy.

4. (obsolete) To enjoy oneself during festivities, to make merry.
   • c. 1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Iohn”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii]:

     […] those baby eyes
     That never saw the giant world enraged;
     Nor met with fortune other than at feasts,
     Full of warm blood, of mirth, of gossiping.

5. (intransitive, computing) To communicate using a gossip protocol.

参照

• Michael Quinion (2004), “Gossip”, in Ballyhoo, Buckaroo, and Spuds: Ingenious Tales of Words and Their Origins, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Books in association with Penguin Books, →ISBN.