manifestusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From manus (“hand”) + uncertain second element; perhaps Proto-Indo-European *dʰers- (“to be bold”), from *dʰer- (“to hold”). More at īnfestus.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ma.nɪˈfɛs.tʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ma.niˈfɛs.t̪us]
• Bennett 1907 considers the length of the "e" 'very uncertain', citing "[mani]féstvm" from C.I.L. i. p. 319 (a fragment of the Fasti Praenestini, month of December) as potential inscriptional evidence of a long vowel. Spanish manifiesto cannot be an entirely inherited form, but it might be a semi-learned form with regular development of -ie- from -ĕ-. However, the Spanish form does not exclude the possibility of an original -ē- that underwent later shortening or analogical replacement, as in Spanish fiesta from Latin fēstum.

形容詞

manifestus (feminine manifesta, neuter manifestum, comparative manifestior, superlative manifestissimus, adverb manifestō); first/second-declension adjective

1. manifest, specifically
   1. (of people) caught in the act, plainly guilty
   2. (of crimes) detected in the act, flagrant, plain
   3. (plainly apprehensible by the mind) obvious, self-evident
   4. (recognisable by clear signs) clearly visible, conspicuous; unmistakeable, undoubted
      • c. 25 BCE, Ovid, Heroides, Letter 15: "Sappho Phaoni":

        Sūme fidem et pharetram—fīēs manifestus Apollō

        Take up a lyre and a quiver, and you'll become Apollo manifest

      • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.358–359:

        “[...] ipse deum manifēstō in lūmine vīdī
        intrantem mūrōs, vōcemque hīs auribus hausī.”

        “I myself saw – with clear [vision], in daylight – the god [Mercury] entering the [city] walls, and with these ears I heard his message.”

   5. (giving clear signs) plain, clear

      Synonyms: cōnspicuus, visibilis

      Antonyms: clandestīnus, occultus, sēcrētus, arcānus, perobscūrus

      spīrāns ac vītae manifesta

      breathing and giving clear signs of life

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

派生語

派生した語

参照

Further reading

• “manifestus” on page 1181 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
• “manifestus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “manifestus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "manifestus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “manifestus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• manifestus in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016