RU2043154C1 - Apparatus for grain shelling - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: apparatus for grain shelling has: conical coaxial body and abrasive rotor with bases of their conical surfaces turned down; rib, that are mounted on inner surface of the body with capability to adjust depth of bulge and located row by row, number of which depends on granularity of abrasive rotor, conical surface of which is made with discrete granularity. EFFECT: increased productivity. 2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the grain processing industry, can be used to remove peripheral layers of grain, in particular buckwheat, millet.

 A device for peeling buckwheat is a valdedec machine, the working bodies of which (horizontal roll and one or two decks) are made of abrasive material (corundum or electrocorundum). The working area of the device is located vertically, i.e. the deck or decks are on the side of the roll. Valcedek millet machines have slightly different working bodies: the roll is coated with abrasive material, the deck surface is recruited from rubber-fabric plates.

 The disadvantages of these devices are the limited working area for peeling grain; relatively low efficiency of peeling grain; for peeling buckwheat and millet, different deck holders are used both in design and in the kinematics of their suspension to the bed.

 The closest technical solution is the grinding set (RS 125), which includes a conical drum rotating on a vertical shaft, coated on top with an abrasive mass and a fixed conical sieve shell. The core is located in the working area between the drum and the shell and, moving from top to bottom, is in contact with a moving abrasive surface that processes the core from all sides. To increase the efficiency of grinding the grain along the generatrix of the sieve shell, longitudinal grooves are made, which include distribution blocks made of food rubber. Their purpose is to delay the product, prevent its circular motion with the drum.

 The disadvantages of the prototype are low productivity; lack of the possibility of peeling buckwheat, millet.

 The purpose of the invention is the expansion of the functionality of the device to increase the efficiency of peeling of grain (buckwheat, millet), as well as simplifying readjustment when switching from one type of grain to another.

 In FIG. 1 shows the proposed device; figure 2 is a view along arrow A in figure 1; figure 3 scan conical cone with grooves for the ribs.

 The device for peeling grain contains a conical, facing down abrasive rotor 1, having a discrete grain size (zones a and b), located on a vertical shaft. The abrasive rotor 1 is coaxially mounted in a fixed housing 2, in the grooves of which (FIG. 3) rubber ribs 3 are located (FIG. 2). The gap between the rotor 1 and the housing 2 is set by adjusting screws 4. The ribs 3 are fixed on the housing 2 by the shells 5. The rotation of the abrasive rotor 1 is transmitted from the electric motor 6. The device has a loading and exhaust pipe 7 and 8.

 The proposed device operates as follows.

 Through the loading pipe 7, the grain enters the working area between the fixed metal body 2 with rubber ribs 3 and the abrasive rotor 1, where it is peeling. Moving vertically in the pipe 7, the grain in the working area of the abrasive rotor 1 receives a rotational movement, but at the same time continues to advance under the action of gravity from top to bottom.

 Once in the working area between surfaces whose distance between them is less than the size of the grain, the latter is compressed, and its shells are chipped, and with the relative movement of the surfaces, the shells shift, as a result of which they are separated from the core. The grain experiences two types of impacts: “hard” (abrasive rotor 1 metal case 2) and “soft” (abrasive rotor 1 rubber beveled ribs 3). The bevel of the rubber ribs 3 allows you to "softly" shocklessly enter a narrower area. The protrusion of the ribs 3 is selected depending on the technological quality of the grain. The abrasive material of the rotor 1 has a different grain size, moreover, abrasive material with a larger grain size of 125 units is used in the upper working area, and 80 units in the lower zone. In FIG. 1 shows two graininess zones (zone a of preliminary peeling and zone b of final peeling). Depending on the granularity of the abrasive rotor 1, the number of ribs 3 (from 1 or more) is set. In FIG. 1 and 3 shows two rows of ribs 3. In a row of ribs 3 are evenly spaced.

 Direct tapering, which increases the cross-sectional area of the working area in comparison with existing peeling analogues, allows you to create a more gentle regime for grain by reducing the force of the working bodies on the grain, in particular, reducing the likelihood of "locking" zones that occur in the prototype.

 Discrete granularity of the abrasive rotor 1, beveled ribs 3, straight taper of the body 2 and abrasive rotor 1 all this makes it possible to use the claimed device without any special design changes for peeling buckwheat and peeling millet, which is not allowed by analogues and prototype.

Claims (2)

 1. DEVICE FOR PEELING PEELS, comprising a conical housing and an abrasive rotor coaxially mounted with a gap, ribs mounted on the inner surface of the housing with the possibility of adjusting the protrusion depth, characterized in that the housing and rotor face down with the bases of their conical surfaces, the conical surface of the abrasive rotor made with discrete graininess, and the ribs are arranged in rows, the number of which depends on the graininess of the abrasive rotor.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ribs are made beveled in the direction of rotation of the rotor.

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