JP3654855B2

JP3654855B2 - Ground injection device and injection method

Info

Publication number: JP3654855B2
Application number: JP2001221724A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 俊介島田; 完洋矢口
Original assignee: Hara Kougyou Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hara Kougyou Co Ltd
Priority date: 2001-07-23
Filing date: 2001-07-23
Publication date: 2005-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2021-07-23
Also published as: JP2003027457A; CN1399037A; TW548367B; CN1190564C

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は地盤注入液を地盤中に設置された注入管路を通して地盤中に注入し、該地盤を固結する地盤注入装置および工法に係り、特に注入の際の圧力変化にもかかわらず、所定の吐出量で注入し、さらに、吐出量を注入情況に応じて任意に調整し得る地盤注入装置および工法に係り、詳細には、地盤注入液を注入管路に送液する導管の横断面の絞りを調整して所定の吐出量で注入し得る地盤注入装置および工法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
地盤中に注入液を注入して該地盤を改良する地盤改良技術として、従来、注入すべき地盤に注入管を設置し、これら注入管を一本づつ下方から上方に引き上げ、あるいは上方から下方に押し下げて注入ステージを移向しながら注入する方法が知られている。
【０００３】
しかし、注入すべき対象地盤は大方、軟弱な沖積層であって、透水性の異なる土層が積層して構成されており、このため、注入ステージを移向させながらそれぞれの土層に最適な注入を達成すること、すなわち、最適な注入圧、注入速度、注入量、注入率等による注入を達成することは極めて煩雑であって、長時間を必要とし、不経済となり、実質的に不可能であった。
【０００４】
また、近年、地盤注入により液状化防止を行なうことが要求されている。このような液状化防止には大容量土の経済的急速施工が必要である。しかし、従来の注入工法ではこのような急速施工は不可能であった。
【０００５】
特に、地盤は上述のとおり、透水性の異なる土層が積層して構成されており、このため、各土層間で注入圧が異なって圧力変化を起こし、あるいは注入中に注入圧力の変化を起こし、この地盤内圧力変化のため一定量の吐出量で地盤注入することは非常に困難であった。
【０００６】
【発明が解決すべき課題】
また、地盤中に設置した複数の注入管路に一つのポンプから同時に注入する場合、各注入管路吐出口の地盤の注入圧力が異なれば、圧力の低い注入管路のみに注入液が吐出され、所定の注入量を複数の注入管路に同時に注入することは不可能であった。
【０００７】
さらに、一台のポンプから多数のオリフイスまたは噴射口を介して多数の注入管に同時に注入液を送液し、地盤中に注入する方法も提案されている。この方法では個々の注入管について、地盤の抵抗圧の変化の幅が大きい場合、あるいは、それぞれの注入管における地盤抵抗圧が注入過程中に変化する場合、ポンプ圧力が変動してしまい、このため、各注入管に所定の吐出速度で注入することが困難である。また、多数の注入管のうち、いずれかの注入管の注入が終了してのち、残りの注入管からの注入を所定圧力および吐出量を保ちながら注入することもまた困難なため、実用化には至っていないのが実情である。
【０００８】
例えば、複数の注入管のうち、一部の注入管の注入が完了してこの注入管路のバルブを閉束した場合、送液管内の圧力は急上昇して残りの注入管への注入量が急激に増大してしまい、一定の注入圧力で一定の注入量を維持して注入を継続することが困難になる。また、各注入管毎に注入管からの吐出量を注入情況に応じて変動させることも困難である。
【０００９】
そこで、本発明の目的は地盤注入の際の注入圧力の変化にもかかわちず、所定の吐出量で注入し得、上述の公知技術に存する欠点を改良した地盤注入装置および工法を提供することにある。
【００１０】
さらに、本発明の他の目的は複数の注入管路吐出口の浸透抵抗圧力がそれぞれ異なっても、複数の注入管路から同時に、所定の注入速度で注入し得、さらに、複数の注入管路のうち、一部の注入が完了して注入を停止しても、他の残りの注入管路に影響を与えず、所定の圧力および吐出量を保ったまま、最後の一本の注入管路まで容易に注入し得、さらにまた、注入中、各注入管路毎にその吐出量を注入情況に応じて調整し得、上述公知技術に存する欠点を改良した地盤注入装置および工法を提供することにある。
【００１１】
さらにまた、本発明の他の目的は液状化防止工事あるいは大規模工事における急速施工のための地盤改良等、大容量土の地盤改良に適し、特に、改良すべき地盤に複数の注入管路を設置し、これら複数の注入管路から注入液を同時に、かつ選択的に、さらには自動的に注入し得る地盤注入装置および工法を提供することにある。
【００１２】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上述の目的を達成するため、本発明装置によれば、地盤注入液を地盤中に設置された複数本の注入管路を通して地盤中に注入し、該地盤を固結する地盤注入装置において、該注入液を所定の圧力に加圧する注入液加圧部と、この注入液加圧部に連通され、該注入液を前記注入管路に送液する導管と、この導管に設けられた絞り調整装置とからなることを特徴とする。
【００１３】
さらに、上述の目的を達成するため、本発明装置によれば、地盤注入液を地盤中に設置された複数本の注入管路を通して地盤中に注入し、該地盤を固結する地盤注入装置において、該注入液を加圧する注入液加圧部と、この注入液加圧部に連通され、該注入液を前記注入管路に送液する一部または全部が柔軟性ないしは弾力性導管でつくられた導管と、この導管の柔軟性ないしは弾力性部分に設けられ、この導管を押圧ないし緩圧して該導管管路の横断面の絞りを調整する絞り調整装置を備え、前記絞り調整装置は前記絞りを調整することにより、導管から注入管路に送液される注入液の吐出量および／または吐出圧力を調整することを特徴とする。
【００１４】
さらにまた、上述の目的を達成するため、本発明方法によれば、地盤注入液を地盤中に設置された複数本の注入管路を通して地盤中に注入し、該地盤を固結する地盤注入工法において、該注入液を加圧する注入液加圧部と、この注入液加圧部に連通され、該注入液を前記注入管路に送液する導管と、前記導管に設けられた絞り調整装置およびこれよりも下流側の導管に設けられた圧力計および／または流量計とを備えた地盤注入装置を用い、前記注入液を注入加圧部から導管および注入管路を経て地盤中に注入することを特徴とする。
【００１５】
さらに、上述の目的を達成するため、本発明方法によれば、地盤注入液を地盤中に設置された複数本の注入管路を通して地盤中に注入し、該地盤を固結する地盤注入工法において、該注入液を加圧する注入液加圧部と、この注入液加圧部に連通され、該注入液を前記注入管路に送液する、一部または全部が柔軟性ないしは弾力性導管でつくられた導管と、この導管の柔軟性ないしは弾力性部分に設けられ、この導管を押圧ないしは緩圧して地盤注入液の絞りを調整する絞り調整装置とを備えた地盤注入装置を用い、前記注入液を注入液加圧部から導管および注入管路を経て地盤中に注入するに際して、前記柔軟性ないしは弾力性導管が前記絞り調整装置によって押圧ないしは緩圧されてなり、これにより前記導管から注入管路に送液される注入液の吐出量および／または吐出圧力を注入管路における情況に応じて調整することを特徴とする。
【００１６】
【発明の実施の態様】
以下、本発明を添付図面を用いて詳述する。
【００１７】
図１は本発明装置の一具体例のフローシートである。図２はオリフイス口径φ2.０mmにおける抵抗圧力Ｐとオリフイスからの流量ｆとの関係を各液圧について表したグラフである。図３はオリフイス口径φ2.５mmにおける抵抗圧力Ｐとオリフイスからの流量ｆとの関係を各液圧について表したグラフである。図４は本発明にかかる注入液加圧部と他の具体例の説明図である。図５は本発明にかかる地盤注入装置の変形例のフローシートである。図６は本発明の絞り部として用いられる流量制御弁の一具体例の断面図である。図７は流量制御弁の他の例の断面図である。図８は本発明に用いられる注入液リターンシステムの具体例の断面図である。図９は本発明にかかる絞り部の他の具体例の断面図である。図１０は本発明にかかる絞り部のさらに他の形式の説明図である。図１１は図１０の絞り部の操作状態を表した部分断面図である。図１２は図１０の絞り部の変形例の部分断面図である。図１３は図１０の絞り部のさらに他の変形例の部分断面図である。図１４は本発明にかかる地盤注入装置の他の具体例のフローシートである。図１５は本発明にかかる地盤注入装置のさらに他の具体例のフローシートである。図１６は本発明にかかる地盤注入装置のさらに他の具体例のフローシートである。図１７は中央管理部に接続された本発明装置の一具体例のフローシートである。図１８は中央管理部を有する図１の装置を具体的に表した説明図である。図１９は集中管理装置Ｘ１の操作フローチャートである。図２０は図１８の１０本の送液系統分のデータを表した画面である。図２１は本発明にかかる一具体例の注入管路を地盤中に埋設した状態の断面図である。図２２は本発明にかかる他の具体例の注入管路を地盤中に埋設した状態の断面図である。図２３は本発明のさらに他の具体例の注入管路を地盤中に埋設した状態の断面図である。
【００１８】
図１に示されるように、本発明地盤注入装置Ａは地盤注入液５を地盤３中に設置された複数本の注入管路２、２・・・２を通して地盤３中に注入し、該地盤３を固結する装置であって、地盤注入液５を所定の圧力に加圧する注入液加圧部１と、この注入液加圧部１に連通され、前記注入液５を注入管路２に送液する導管６と、この導管６に設けられた絞り部７とから基本的に構成される。なお、絞り部７は導管６の上端部、すなわち、送液系13と導管６の分岐点、あるいは後述の分配装置11から導管６への出口に設けてもよい。
【００１９】
また、図１に示されるように、地盤注入液５の絞り部７に至る送液系13に注入液リターンシステムＲＳ、すなわち、送液流量計ｆ₀および／または送液圧力計Ｐ₀と、注入液リターン装置ＲＡを設け、所定の注入圧力Ｐ₀を保つように流量圧力制御装置10によってリターン装置ＲＡを制御し、注入液の一部をリターン管路Ｒを通して注入液槽４にリターンさせる。すなわち、注入液リターンシステムＲＳは送液圧力計Ｐ₀および／または送液流量計ｆ₀からの信号情報を流量圧力制御装置10が受け、この信号を注入液リターン装置ＲＡに伝達する。注入液リターン装置ＲＡは送液圧力計Ｐ₀および／または送液流量計ｆ₀からの情報に基づき、送液系13中の注入液を送液系13からリターン管路Ｒに分流して注入液槽４にリターンさせることにより送液系13の液圧を所望の圧力に保持し、これにより絞り部７を通して導管６から注入管路２に送液される注入液の吐出量を所定の量に保持する。
【００２０】
図１において、地盤注入液５は絞り部７の上流側の高い圧力部から下流側の低い圧力部に噴射される。この場合、加圧された地盤注入液５の注入圧力Ｐ₀と注入される地盤３の注入圧力Ｐ_1nの差圧を充分に大きくとれば、絞り部７より下流側の各導管６、６・・・６の注入圧力にばらつきがあっても、各導管６の吐出量（注入速度）は絞り部７の面積が同じであればほぼ同一量となる。そして、吐出量は注入圧力Ｐ₀と絞り部７の孔の面積によって定まる。
【００２１】
しかし、図１において、地盤注入液５は注入の初めから終りまで常に全導管６、６・・・６から正確に同様に注入されるとは限らず、あるいは対象注入個所によっては早く完了して注入を終了する導管６もでてくる。ところが、導管６、６・・・６の一部が注入を終了すると、この注入量が残りの他の導管６、６・・・６に分配されるため、導管６内の圧力が高くなり、残りの導管６、６・・・６からの吐出量が増えてしまう。これを防ぐために、ポンプ14のインバータ（図示せず）を調節して回転数を調整し、圧力を落として流量を調整するか、リターンシステムを作動させる。このようにして、導管６の注入中の数の変動にもかかわらず、送液系13の圧力を所定値に保持し得、各導管６、６・・・６から所定流量の注入を自動的に継続することができる。
【００２２】
また、図１において、注入開始から完了まで、注入液リターンシステムＲＳにより注入圧力Ｐ₀を任意の値に設定して地盤注入液５を自動的にリターンさせ、注入圧力Ｐ₀と、稼動している導管６、６・・・６の数とに対応した吐出量を任意に得ることもできる。さらに、ポンプ14に図示しないインバータを設けることにより、最も適切な流量範囲（圧力範囲）内で、所定の流量ないしは圧力に調整することもできる。このように、注入液リターンシステムＲＳにより、あるいはインバータにより、さらにはこれらの併用により地盤注入液を所定圧力に加圧する注入液加圧部１を本発明では、流量圧力制御機能を有する注入液加圧部１と呼ぶ。なお、図１において、送液系13と、導管６との間に分配装置11を設け、導管６、６・・・６を分配装置11から伸長させてもよい。また、12は導管６と注入管路２の連結部である。さらに、導管６には図１に示すように、分岐バルブＶ₁、Ｖ₂・・・Ｖ_i、Ｖ_n、さらには、圧力計（圧力検出器）８、流量計（流量検出器）９を任意に設けることもできる。
【００２３】
図２および図３は図１の分配装置11中の加圧された地盤注入液５（絞り部７（オリフイス）よりも上流側の液圧＝Ｐ₀）をオリフイス（絞り部７）から噴出する場合、オリフイスの口径を2.０mmおよび2.５mmとし、リターンシステムＲＳを用いてオリフイスよりも上流側の液圧を所定圧力に保ち、オリフイスよりも下流側の液圧（地盤抵抗圧力）を種々変化させたときのオリフイスからの流量ｆ（ｌ／分）の変化のグラフである。
【００２４】
図２および図３から、液圧Ｐ₀が地盤抵抗圧力Ｐよりも充分に高いときには、流量ｆは液圧ＰとオリフイスＯの口径によって定まり、また、液圧Ｐが変動しても流量ｆはほとんど変動しない。また、液圧Ｐ₀とＰとの差がある範囲内に小さくなると流量ｆは急速に低下することがわかる。一般に、液圧Ｐ₀は２０〜１００kgf/cm² とし、Ｐ₀とＰの差は５kgf/cm² 以上、好ましくは、１０kgf/cm² が望ましい。
【００２５】
図４は本発明に用いられる注入液リターンシステムＲＳの他の具体例のフローシートであり、ポンプ14を並列して複数個用い、これにより、送液量を多くして注入圧力Ｐ₀を高めて非常に多数の注入管路から同時に注入することができる。すなわち、これにより、本発明は図１に示す導管６、６・・・６を数十本あるいは１００本以上、一度に地盤中に設置して急速施工を可能とする。また、１吐出口当たり１〜５ｌ／分の低吐出量により土粒子間浸透も可能になる。すなわち、１吐出口３ｌとして１００吐出口を同時注入する場合、３００ｌ／分の注入ポンプを必要とする。ところが、３００ｌ／分の薬液注入ポンプは入手しにくい。しかし、図４の装置を用いることにより３０ｌ／分の薬液注入ポンプ１０台を一セットにし、１００本の吐出口から一気に注入することができる。しかも、この注入液リターンシステムＲＳを用いることにより、一台毎のポンプの吐出量を調整することなく、多数の吐出口から、吐出口の数が変動しても一定圧力Ｐ₀により、所定量の吐出量で自動的に注入し続けることができ、上述のリターン装置を用いることによってこのような画期的注入工法の実用化が可能になる。
【００２６】
注入液リターン装置ＲＡは注入中連続して稼動しており、送液圧力計Ｐ₀の信号を得た流量圧力制御装置10は注入液リターン装置ＲＡに指示して地盤注入液５をリターン管路Ｒを通して分流リターンさせ、図１における分配装置11内の圧力（絞り部７よりも上流側の液圧）を制御して吐出量を制御する。さらに、流量計９の信号を受けて分配装置15内の圧力を制御し、最も適切な導管６の吐出量になるように制御する。かつ、導管６の一部が所定注入を終えて注入を停止しても、残りの導管から同一吐出量で注入して最後の一本まで注入できるようになる。
【００２７】
図５は円筒環状の分配装置11を用いた本発明にかかる地盤注入装置の例を示す。一般に、分配装置はポンプで注入液を送液系13から直接各導管６に送液すると直ちに過大の圧力を呈して稼動が難しくなる。また、脈動を生じるため、地盤への均質な浸透が困難になる。これに対して、送液系13から分配装置11を経て導管６に送液すると、脈動が吸収されて地盤中への均質な浸透が可能になる。また、図５のように、絞り部７に至る送液系13に注入液リターンシステムＲＳ、すなわち、送液圧力計Ｐ₀ないしは送液流量計ｆ₀、注入液リターン装置ＲＡ、リターン管路Ｒ、および流量圧力制御装置10を設けることにより、ポンプ14を通常の稼動状態にしてスタートしたまま、徐々に注入圧力Ｐ₀を上昇させ、導管６、６・・・６からの吐出量を把握しながら注入圧力Ｐ₀を設定して、安全かつ容易に注入操作が可能になる。また、ポンプ14の脈動が分配装置15内で吸収され、このため、各注入管路２、２・・・２には脈動のない地盤注入液５が送液され、脈状注入の起こりにくい土粒子間浸透が可能になる。特に、図５のような円筒環状の分配装置15は分配装置11内の圧力が均等に分布するため、各導管６、６・・・６への吐出量が均質になる。なお、送液圧力計Ｐ₀や送液流量計ｆ₀は分配装置内に設けることもできる。
【００２８】
図６は本発明にかかる絞り部の一具体例であって、流量制御弁Ｂの断面図である。図６において流量制御弁Ｂは弁本体15と、入口通路16と、出口通路17と、バランスピストン18と、スプリング19と導入口22とを備えて構成される。
【００２９】
弁本体15は地盤注入液５を矢印方向に導入する入口20および矢印方向に排出する出口21を有し、入口通路16はこの入口20から弁本体15の内部に通じ、かつ出口通路17はこの出口21から弁本体15の内部に通じている。
【００３０】
バランスピストン18は入口通路16および出口通路21間にこれら通路方向に沿って移動自在に内蔵され、かつ入口通路16に通じる導入口（オリフイス）22および出口通路17に通じる流出口23を有している。なお、導入口22はバランスピストン18の通路方向への移動により絞りおよび開きを自在に調整できる。
【００３１】
スプリング19は伸縮性弾性体であって、出口通路17内に装着され、バランスピストン18を出口通路17の方向から付勢する。このような伸縮性弾性体として、図６に示されるスプリング19のほかに、図示しないが、スプリングを内在した合成樹脂製のクッション材、スプリングをゴムのような伸縮製膜で覆ったクッション材、硬質ゴムのような合成樹脂製の可撓性クッション材等、スプリングの間に注入液のゲルが詰まって機能低下を来さないようにした各種クッション材が用いられる。
【００３２】
上述の構成からなる図６に示される流量制御弁Ｂは出口21側に圧力Ｐ₁（抵抗圧）が増えると、出口21側圧力Ｐ₁と入口20側圧力Ｐ₀の圧力差Ｐ₀−Ｐ₁が小さくなり、注入速度が減少するが、バランスピストン18は地盤抵抗圧が増えるため、スプリング19を押して入口20側に移動する。この移動により導入口22（オリフイス）の開口部が大きくなり、入口20から流入する流量が増大するように作用する。
【００３３】
また、出口21側の圧力（地盤抵抗圧）Ｐ₁が低くなると、出口21側圧力Ｐ₁と入口20側圧力Ｐ₀の圧力差Ｐ₀−Ｐ₁が大きくなり、注入速度が増大するが、バランスピストン18は出口21側に移動する。この移動により導入口22が絞られて開口部が小さくなり、導入口22から流入する流量が減少するように作用する。すなわち、本発明にかかる流量制御弁Ｂは出口21側の圧力変化にもかかわらず、出口21から常に一定の吐出量を吐出するように作動する。このように、注入孔毎に地盤注入圧力に変動があっても、注入中にゲル化が進行して地盤の抵抗圧が増大しても一定の吐出量を保持するように作動する。
【００３４】
注入に当たっては、注入対象とする土層に最も適した注入圧力と吐出量で注入することが望ましい。所定のポンプ圧を保って、それに対応した吐出量で注入するべきであるが、注入中の地盤の変化、ゲル化に伴う浸透抵抗の変化、あるいは注入操作上のばらつきによってポンプ圧が変動し、吐出量も変化しやすい。これに対し、本発明によれば、上述弁の機能により出口側の圧力変化にもかかわらず、ほぼ一定の吐出量を保持できる。
【００３５】
図７は流量制御弁Ｂの他の例の断面図を示す。図７において、流量制御弁Ｃは図６の流量制御弁Ｂと同様、弁本体15と、入口通路16と、出口通路17と、バランスピストン18と、スプリング19とを備えて構成される。
【００３６】
すなわち、図７において、ネジ24を回転し、スプリング19の方向に押し込むことにより、スプリング19を介してバランスピストンを移動し、導入口（オリフイス）22の開口面積を狭くして地盤注入液５の通過量を減らす。この結果、流出口23を経て出口21から吐出される地盤注入液５の量は減少する。これとは逆に、ネジ24を反対に回転することによってバランスピストンを上述とは逆に移動し、導入口（オリフイス）22の開口面積を広くして地盤注入液５の通過量を増大させる。この結果、流出口23を経て出口21から吐出される地盤注入液５の量は増大する。
【００３７】
このような流量制御弁Ｃを用いることにより、施工前の流量試験に基づいて、あらかじめネジ24を調整して所定の吐出量に設定することができ、また、注入中、注入状況に応じてネジ24をまわし、適宜に吐出量を調整することもできる。
【００３８】
図８は本発明に用いられる注入液リターンシステムの具体例を示した断面図である。すなわち、図８は送液系13、すなわち、注入液槽４より分配装置11に至る途中の送液系13に注入液リターン装置ＲＡおよびこれよりも下流側に送液圧力計Ｐ₀および／または送液流量計ｆ₀を設けるとともに、これら注入液リターン装置ＲＡ、および送液圧力計Ｐ₀あるいは送液流量計ｆ₀をそれぞれ流量圧力制御装置10に接続した例である。この場合、注入液リターン装置ＲＡは送液圧力計Ｐ₀および／または送液流量計ｆ₀からの情報に基づき、送液系13中の地盤注入液５を送液系13からリターン管路Ｒに分流することにより送液系13の液圧を所望の圧力に保持する。なお、注入液リターン装置ＲＡでは、上述信号を受け、リバーシブルモータ26のシヤフト25を矢印方向に、上下に正逆移動し、リターン管路Ｒ開口部の面積を調整してリターン管路Ｒへの地盤注入液５のリターン量を調整し、送液系13側の圧力ないしは流量を所望の設定値とする。これらの装置とポンプを一体化して流量圧力制御機能を有する注入液加圧部１とすることができる。
【００３９】
図９は本発明にかかる絞り部７のさらに他の具体例の断面図である。絞り部７は流量圧力制御装置10からの指示を受け、リバーシブルモータ26の稼動によりシヤフト25を矢印方向に運動させ、導管６中に送液される地盤注入液５をシヤフト25で絞り、オリフイス（絞り）の口径を調整する機能を有する。すなわち、流量圧力制御装置10に接続された圧力計８および／または流量計９からの情報に基づき、導管６中に送液中の地盤注入液５が所定の圧力範囲および／または瞬時流量範囲を保持するように、絞りａを調整して導管６の液圧を所望の圧力範囲および／または瞬時流量範囲に保持する。なお、オリフイスのように口径が一定のものは一定の流量を保持して流量の変動はできないが、上述のように絞り部７を用いれば、導管６の流量を自動的に調整できる。このように、本発明では、ポンプにリターン装置やインバータを設けずとも、絞り部に流量圧力制御装置を設けて絞り部よりも上側の液圧を調整して絞り部の断面積に対応した流量を得ることによって、注入液加圧部に所定の圧力に加圧する機能をもたらすことができる。
【００４０】
図１０は本発明に用いられる絞り部７の他の形式の説明図であり、図１１は図１０の絞り状態を表した説明図である。図１０および図１１において、地盤注入液５を注入管路２に送液する導管６（送液系）は一部または全部が柔軟性導管６ａで形成される。そして、この柔軟性導管６ａには、この導管６ａを押圧ないしは緩圧して該導管６ａの管路６ｂの横断面の絞りを調整する絞り部７が備えられる。この柔軟性導管６ａに用いられる材料としては、例えば合成樹脂等のゴムが用いられる。
【００４１】
このような図１０および図１１に示す構造の絞り部７は柔軟性導管６ａを押圧ないしは緩圧して管路６ｂの横断面の絞りを調整し、これにより、管路６ｂに阻害するものが存在せず、したがって、注入液として、例え、懸濁性の注入液を流しても管路６ｂの絞り部が詰まることがない。
【００４２】
この絞り部７の具体的構造としては、図１０に示されるように、一対の硬質片27、27を備え、図１１に示されるように、この一対の硬質片27、27で柔軟性導管６ａを挟持して管路６ｂを押しつぶし、あるいは復元させることにより導管６ａを押圧ないしは緩圧する。この場合、シヤフト25はギヤを上下することにより手動で調整することもできるが、自動的に行なう方が好ましい。
【００４３】
例えば、図１０に示すように、本発明にかかる絞り部７はリバーシブルモータ26、およびこのモータ26の稼動によって上下に運動するシャフト25を備える。28はギヤボックスである。そして、一対の硬質片27、27のうち、一方は柔軟性導管６ａに近接ないしは接触するように、シャフト25の、例えば先端に取りつけられ、他方は柔軟性導管６ａを挟んで、一方の硬質片27と対向する位置に配置される。これにより、図１１に示されるように、シャフト25の上下運動により柔軟性導管６ａを一対の硬質片27、27間に挟んで押圧ないしは緩圧する。
【００４４】
さらに、本発明では図１０に示されるように、絞り部７よりも下流側の送液系導管６（ないしは柔軟性導管６ａ）に圧力計８および／または流量計９、例えば電磁流量計８を設け、かつ、流量圧力制御装置10をも設ける。この制御装置10は所望の流量を設定しておき、圧力計８および／または流量計９、および絞り部７のリバーシブルモータ26と接続され、圧力計８および／または流量計９からの情報に基づき、絞り部７に指示を与えてリバーシブルモータ26を稼動させ、シャフト25を上下運動させて柔軟性導管６ａを押圧ないしは緩圧して絞りを調整し、設定された所望の流量に調整する。硬質片27、27としては例えば、硬質プラスチックや金属等からなる硬質の棒状体が用いられる。
【００４５】
図１０において、制御装置10は絞り部以外に注入液加圧部１と接続してもよい。すなわち、図１の注入液加圧部１の例えば、ポンプ14とも接続され、圧力計８および／または流量計９からの情報に基づき、注入加圧部１（ポンプ14）に指示を与え、例えば、インバータに指示してポンプ14の回転数を上げ下げして地盤注入液５の加圧状態を調整する。なお、この制御装置10は図示しないが、リターン装置を調整して絞り部７より上流側の圧力が所定値を保つようにリターン量を調整することもできる。
【００４６】
地盤注入液５は上述のとおり、注入液加圧部１を経て加圧送液され、次いで、図１０に示されるように、柔軟性導管６ａに設置された絞り部７の上下に運動自在なシャフト25の硬質片27により柔軟性導管６ａが挟持されて流量が絞られる。この硬質片27、27で挟まれ、絞られた流路の断面をａとすると、流路ａを流れる注入液５の瞬時流量ｑは硬質片27、27よりも上流側の圧力Ｐ₀と注入管路２内圧力Ｐ₁（地盤注入圧）の差圧△Ｐ＝Ｐ₀−Ｐ₁によって定まる。差圧△Ｐが大きいほど、また、流路ａが大きいほど、瞬時流量ｑは大きくなる。また、△Ｐがゼロに近づくにつれてｑはゼロに近づく。
【００４７】
したがって、地盤注入圧Ｐ₁が注入経過とともに変動して注入圧力が上昇し、△Ｐが小さくなっても流路ａを大きくすることによって瞬時流量ｑを所定範囲に保つことができ、あるいは流路ａを小さくすることによって瞬時流量を小さくし、Ｐ₁の上昇を抑えて地盤の変状を少なくすることができる。
【００４８】
そして、これらの調整を導管６（柔軟性導管６ａ）毎に行なうことができる。すなわち、本発明によれば、注入加圧部１の圧力と、絞り部７のシヤフト25の調整による流路ａの断面を変動することにより、個々の導管６（柔軟性導管６ａ）毎に、注入状況に応じて注入圧力、瞬時注入量（注入速度）の調整が可能であり、圧力が上がっても瞬時注入量を低くすることによって低圧にして所定量に達するまで注入しつづけたり、あるいは地盤変位を最小限にして所定注入量を注入することが可能となる。
【００４９】
なお、本発明に用いられる図１０の絞り部７は図９の地盤注入液５の流れをシヤフト25で直接遮断するものとは異なり、図１０に示すように、外側から硬質片27、27で柔軟性導管６ａを挟持して流量を調整するので、懸濁液を用いても柔軟性導管６ａが地盤注入液５で詰まることがない。
【００５０】
図１２は図１０の絞り部７の変形例であって、複数の注入管路２、２・・・２にそれぞれつながる複数の柔軟性導管６ａ、６ａ・・・６ａを一組の硬質片27、27で同時に導管６ａの管路６ｂの絞りを調整する。これは地盤条件がほぼ同一で、かつ注入条件もほぼ同一であって、複数の注入管路から同時に注入する場合に用いられる。この場合、絞り部７よりも下流側の圧力および／または流量は一本の導管の測定のみで足りる。
【００５１】
図１３も図１０の絞り部７の他の変形例であって、複数の柔軟性導管６ａ、６ａ・・・６ａをそれぞれ別々の絞り部７、７・・・７で吐出量を調整する。この場合、それぞれの導管６ａは注入管路に通じ、それぞれの注入管路の注入状況に応じて最適の吐出量で注入できる。
【００５２】
図１４は本発明にかかる地盤注入装置の他の具体例のフローシートである。図１４において、地盤注入装置Ａは注入液槽４中の地盤注入液５を地盤３中に設置された一本または複数本の注入管路２、２・・・２を通して地盤３中に注入し、地盤３を固結する。このような本発明にかかる地盤注入装置Ａは注入液加圧部１と、絞り部７と、導管６、６・・・６とを基本的に備えて構成される。なお、図１４において、中央の縦方向に画かれた破線よりも左側の部分が注入管路２を一本用いた装置であり、この破線を取り除いた全体図が複数本の注入管路２、２・・・２を用いた装置である。説明上、両者は同じであるので、図１４により複数の注入管路２、２・・・２を例として両者の説明を兼ねる。一本の注入管路２を用いた例は破線の左側の部分である。なお、この地盤注入装置Ａにおいて、絞り部７として図６、または図７に示す流量制御弁ＢまたはＣ、図９や図１０の絞り部等をそれぞれ用いることができる。
【００５３】
注入液加圧部１は注入液槽４と導管（送液系13) を介して連結され、槽４中の地盤注入液５を注入液加圧部１に導き入れ、加圧する。この注入液加圧部１は具体的には例えば、一台のポンプから構成され、あるいは図４に示されるように、複数台のポンプ14、14・・・14を並列して構成され、さらには図示しないが、注入液を満たした耐圧容器にコンプレッサからの圧気を加えて注入液を送液する注入液加圧部で構成される。
【００５４】
導管６、６・・・６はそれぞれ送液系13を介して注入液加圧部１に連通され、注入液加圧部１によって加圧された注入液を注入管路２、２・・・２に送液する。これら導管６、６・・・６にはそれぞれ、絞り部７およびこれよりも下流側に圧力計８および／または流量計９が設けられる。12は地盤３中の注入管路２と、導管６とを連結する連結部である。
【００５５】
本発明にかかる地盤注入装置Ａはさらに、図１４に示されるように、流量圧力制御装置Ｘを備える。この制御装置Ｘは図１４の装置の例ではそれぞれの導管６、６・・・６に備えられ、各導管６の圧力計８および／または流量計９に接続されてこれらの情報を受け、さらに絞り部７に接続され、圧力計８および／または流量計９からの情報に基づいて、絞り部７に指示を与える。
【００５６】
絞り部７は制御装置10からの指示を受け、導管６中に送液中の注入液が所定の圧力範囲および／または瞬時流量範囲を保持するように、絞りを調整して導管６の液圧を所望の圧力範囲および／または瞬時流量範囲に保持する。
【００５７】
すなわち、注入液槽４中の注入液５は送液系13を介し、注入液加圧部１から導管６を経て注入管路２から地盤３中に注入されるが、この際、絞り部７に絞りの指示を与えながら注入を行なって導管６中の液圧を所望の圧力範囲および／または瞬時流量範囲に保持する。これによって、注入液加圧部１はポンプ14に直接リターン装置やインバータを備えなくても注入液を所定の圧力に加圧する機能を付加される。
【００５８】
図９を用いて具体的に説明すると、あらかじめ流量圧力制御装置10に所望の圧力値および／または流量値を設定しておき、この状態で、圧力計８および／または流量計９から実際の圧力値および／または流量値を制御装置10に送る。絞り部７にはリバーシブルモータ26が内在し、制御装置10の指示により実際の圧力値および／または流量値が設定値に近付き、かつ同じ値を保つように、リバーシブルモータ26を正転あるいは逆転し、シャフト25を上下ないしは左右に揺動して開度を調整し、注入管路２の流量を調整する。
【００５９】
なお、本発明において、制御装置10と、絞り部７と、圧力計８および／または流量計９とを一体化して流量圧力制御装置Ｘとして用いることもできる。
【００６０】
これにより、各導管６から注入管路２に送液される注入液の吐出量および／または吐出圧力は所望の範囲に保持されるのみならず、複数の導管６、６・・・６のいずれかが注入を停止しても、残りの各導管６の吐出量および／または吐出圧力もまた、所望の範囲に保持される。
【００６１】
図１５は制御装置10を一個備えた例である。この場合、複数の導管６の圧力計８および／または流量計９は一個所の制御装置10に接続されるとともに、この一個の制御装置10からそれぞれの絞り部７に指示を与える。したがって、制御装置10は一個で済むので装置が簡略化される。また、図１５において、複数の導管６、６・・・６は分配装置11に連結され、この分配装置11から複数の導管６、６・・・６が分岐する。
【００６２】
さらに、図１５では注入液加圧部１としてインバータ１ａを有するポンプ、絞り部７として図１ならびに図８に示すリターン管路Ｒを備える。なお、図９の絞り部７を用いた場合、注入するにつれて差圧△Ｐ₁が少なくなってきたら、インバータ（あるいは無段変速機。これらを有するポンプを注入速度可変ポンプという）１ａを調整してＰ₀を高め、△Ｐを高くすることができる。さらにその上、各注入管路２の注入状況に応じて、最も適切な流量、圧力を保つような流路Ａとなるように、シャフト25を絞り部７で調整すればよい。
【００６３】
さらに、この△Ｐ₁に対応してシャフト25を調整してリターン量を調整し、各注入管路２への流量を各注入管路２における注入状況の変化に応じて調整することもできる。また、図１５および図１６の分配装置11は送液系13に設けた耐圧容器であって、この容器から複数の導管６、６・・・６が分岐する。このようにすると同一条件で各導管６、６・・・６に注入液が分流する。
【００６４】
図１６は図１５の装置において、さらに送液系13、すなわち、注入液加圧部１から導管６に至る途中の導管（送液系13）に、注入液リターン装置ＲＡおよび、これよりも下流側に圧力計８ａおよび／または流量計９ａを設けるとともに、これら注入液リターン装置ＲＡ、および圧力計８ａあるいは流量計９ａをそれぞれ制御装置10に接続した例である。この場合、注入液リターン装置ＲＡは圧力計８ａおよび／または流量計９ａからの情報に基づき、送液系13中の注入液を送液系13からリターン管路Ｒに分流することにより送液系13の液圧を所望の圧力に保持する。この場合も、注入液リターン装置ＲＡ、圧力計８ａおよび／または流量計９ａ、および制御装置10を一体化して流量圧力制御装置Ｘａとすることもできる。これにより、注入液が導管６に導入される以前の送液系13の段階で送液系13から導管６に送液される注入液の吐出量および／または吐出圧力を所望の範囲に保持し得る。
【００６５】
図１７は本発明にかかるＡ液およびＢ液の二液を注入管路２内ないしは地盤３中で合流させる例の簡略化ブロック図であって、中央管理部Ｘに接続された例である。この場合、送液圧力計Ｐ₀および／または送液流量計ｆ₀および複数の導管６、６・・・６の圧力計８および／または流量計９は中央管理部Ｘの集中管理装置Ｘ１に接続されるとともに、この集中管理装置Ｘ１からそれぞれの絞り部７、リターン装置ＲＡおよび注入監視盤Ｘ２に指示を与える。
【００６６】
図１８は本発明にかかる地盤注入装置Ａであって、中央管理部Ｘに接続された例を示す。図１８中、Ｘは中央管理部であって、集中管理装置Ｘ１、注入監視盤Ｘ２、日報作成装置Ｘ３、プリンタＸ４、施工表示盤Ｘ５を含む。図１８中、29はストップバルブ、30はランプ、31は開始スイッチである。
【００６７】
図１８において、各導管６、６・・・６にそれぞれ圧力計８および／または流量計９、および絞り部７、７・・・７を設け、圧力計８および／または流量計９は集中管理装置Ｘ１に接続し、さらに、絞り部７は直接、またはストップバルブ29を介し、施工表示盤Ｘ５に接続し、施工表示盤Ｘ５は集中管理装置Ｘ１に接続する。図１８では、これらのデータを注入監視盤Ｘ２に画面表示して注入状況を一括監視することができる。注入監視盤Ｘ２には、注入年月日、注入時間等の「時データ」、注入ブロックNo. 、注入孔の孔番、注入ポイント等の「場所データ」、注入圧力、流量（単位時間流量や積算流量）等の「注入データ」が表示され、かつ、集中管理装置Ｘ１によってこれらの注入データが記録される。その他、後述のように、注入液識別データや地盤（あるいは構造物）変位データを表示することもできる。
【００６８】
そして図１８において、地盤注入液を注入液加圧部１から送液系13、流量圧力制御装置10、および分配装置11を介し、複数の導管６、６・・・６を通して地盤３中の複数の異なる注入ポイントにそれぞれ同時に注入するに際し、複数の導管６、６・・・６の各圧力計８ないしは流量計９から検出された注入液の流量および／または圧力のデータは集中管理装置Ｘ１に送信されて注入監視盤Ｘ２で画面表示されて施工状況が表示される。このようなデータの画面表示により、注入状況の一括監視を行って注入液の注入が管理され、記録される。
【００６９】
図１８を用いて具体例の説明すると、注入液槽４からの注入液は送液系13のポンプ14および圧力流量制御装置10により一定圧力に制御されて分配装置11に導入され、次いで複数の導管６、６・・・６に分流され、図示しないオリフイスを内在した絞り部７を経て注入管路２、２、・・・２を通って地盤３中に注入される。
【００７０】
このとき、導管６、６・・・６に設けた圧力計８および／または流量計９で検出された流量信号および／または圧力信号は中央管理部Ｘの集中管理装置Ｘ１に送信され、注入監視盤Ｘ２で画面表示され、注入状況の一括監視を行なう。
【００７１】
集中管理装置Ｘ１には日報作成装置Ｘ３（パソコン）およびプリンタＸ４が接続され、記録された各データが日報作成装置Ｘ３によって日報として作成され、プリンタＸ４でプリントアウトされる。
【００７２】
図１９に集中管理装置Ｘ１の操作フローチヤートを示しながら、図１８の装置について説明する。図１８において、まず、導管６、６・・・６のNo.1〜10についての注入仕様フアイルの圧力規定値（適正圧力範囲）、規定注入量（適正積算注入量範囲）、すなわち、所望の注入圧力、流量（単位時間当たり流量および／または積算流量）を集中管理装置Ｘ１に予め設定しておき（システム仕様設定登録）、次いで集中管理装置Ｘ１のNo.1〜10の開始スイッチ31をＯＮにしてデータ記録を開始する。
【００７３】
このとき、施工表示盤Ｘ５にもランプ30でＯＮ表示がなされる。注入監視盤Ｘ２では、導管６、６・・・６からの注入データを画面に表示し、これらデータが設定値に達したときに、集中管理装置Ｘ１は完了信号あるいは警報信号を出力してこれを注入監視盤Ｘ２に表示するとともに、施工表示盤Ｘ５にランプ30で完了状態あるいは中断信号を表示し、導管６、６・・・６のストップバルブ29を閉める信号を出力する。
【００７４】
全ての導管６、６・・・６の注入が完了の後、集中管理装置Ｘ１の開始スイッチ31をオフにすることにより集中管理装置Ｘ１によるデータの記録が終了する。これら記録データに基づいて日報作成装置Ｘ３で日報等の帳票を作成し、プリンタＸ４でプリントアウトする。
【００７５】
図１８において、集中管理装置Ｘ１は１０本の導管６、６・・・６にそれぞれ配置された圧力計８および／または流量計９からの流量ないしは圧力データを記録し、監視する。また、この装置Ｘ１は予め設定された、それぞれ規定圧力値（あるいは規定圧力範囲）、規定瞬時流量値（あるいは規定瞬時流量範囲）、および規定積算注入量（あるいは規定積算注入量範囲）により注入完了あるいは注入中断の自動判断を行なう。
【００７６】
この詳細は以下のとおりである。

【００７７】
注入監視：
注入仕様フアイルに基づき登録された規定注入量、規定圧力をもって積算注入量データ、圧力データを監視する。注入圧力が定められた規定圧力以上であった場合、または、注入量（積算流量）が規定積算注入量（規定積算流量）に達した場合、集中管理装置Ｘ１はストップバルブ29の閉信号を出力するとともに、ランプを点灯させて完了または中断であることを表示する。（圧力規定による完了か、中断か、規定注入量による完了かは画面に表示される。）
【００７８】
監視画面：
図１８に示される１０本の送液系統分のデータ（流量、圧力、積算流量、最大圧力の合計４０データ）を注入監視盤Ｘ２上に一つの画面で表示する。図２０は図１８の１０本の送液系統分のデータを表示した画面を示す。
【００７９】
図２０の画面を詳述すると、以下のとおりである。

積算流量は２０分間の注入量である。また、最大圧力は３０秒毎に表示され、１９分３０秒から２０分までの間の最大値を表示した。最大圧力が設定圧力以上になり続けたら警報信号を出し、その送液系統の注入は中断か、終了することの判断になる。また、積算流量が設定積算流量に達した場合も、この送液系統の注入は終了することの判断になる。
【００８０】

２画面のそれぞれの左側は各送液系統における時間（ｔ）の経過に対応した瞬時流量と瞬時圧力のチヤートを示し、右側は１９分３０秒から２０分までの平均瞬時流量（ｌ／分）と平均瞬時圧力（ＭＰａ）を示す。
【００８１】
このようにして、図２０の画面に示されるように、注入監視盤Ｘ２には送液系統No.1〜10の送液状態が同時に表示されるが、一つの送液系統毎に画面を切り換えながら表示することもできる。なお、流量圧力制御装置10における設定圧力、実際圧力、分配装置11への送液流量、積算送液流量を同一画面または別の画面に表示してもよい。これにより、分配装置11内の液圧と、複数の導管６、６・・・６の圧力、流量との関係をリアルタイムで把握でき、注入を所定の設定範囲内に納まるように管理できる。また、図２０において、最大圧力の代わりに、図１８の送液系13における圧力や流量を表示してもよい。さらに、集中管理装置Ｘ１は注入仕様フアイル、注入結果一覧表、注入チヤート、日計表、週計表、月計表等の帳票作成ならびに解析データの作成をも行なうことができる。
【００８２】
注入仕様フアイルは集中管理装置Ｘ１の動作設定フアイル（図１９におけるシテスム仕様設定）であり、導管６、６・・・６の注入完了条件の規定圧力値、規定注入量の設定を行なう。さらに導管６の絞り部７の絞りや、注入液加圧部１におけるポンプ14のインバータの調整や分配装置11内の流体圧を設定値に保つためのリターンシステムＲＳの調整を行なうための注入仕様を作成する。各帳票フアイルは記録された流量、圧力、積算流量あるいは最大圧力の各データと、孔番等の手動入力、または自動入力によるデータとから変換作成される。さらに解析データは各帳票データから変換作成される。
【００８３】
なお、図２０の画面において、各導管の一本毎に一枚づつ、例えば、注入孔における注入ポイント毎に、ブロックNo．、注入孔No．およびステージNo．とともに、圧力、流量、チヤートを表示することもできる。
【００８４】
さらに、これらのデータから注入孔毎に、例えば、各ステージ毎に、時間ｔに対する注入圧力Ｐ、流量Ｑ、および積算流量（ｌ）を表示することもできる。
【００８５】
図２１は本発明にかかる注入管路を地盤中に埋設した状態の断面図であって、注入管路２として複数本の細管32を結束してなる注入管路２を用いた例を示す。各細管32、32・・・32は先端吐出口33がそれぞれ軸方向の異なる位置に開口され、削孔34に装填されたスリーブグラウト35中に埋設するように地盤３中に設置される。吐出口33からの地盤注入液は固化したスリーブグラウト35を破り、地盤壁３ａを通って地盤３中に浸透、注入される。なお、このスリーブグラウト35は使用しなくてもかまわない。
【００８６】
図２２は本発明にかかる他の注入管路を地盤中に埋設した状態の断面図であって、注入管路２として、複数の細管32、32・・・32をバンド37で結束し、かつ、複数の袋パッカ36、36・・・36を軸方向に間隔をあけて装着してなる注入管路２を用いた例を示す。そして、細管32は先端吐出口33が袋パッカ36の内側および袋パッカ36、36間にそれぞれ位置するようにバンド37によって結束される。このような注入管路２を地盤３に設置するに際し、まず、袋パッカ36をふくらませないで削孔34に挿入の後、細管32を通じて袋パッカ36内には吐出口33から袋パッカ36をふくらませて固化させる固結材あるいは水、泥水、空気窒素ガス等の不活性気体等、各種流体を填充して袋パッカ36を膨脹させる。さらに、吐出口33から地盤注入液をそれぞれ吐出し、袋パッカ36、36間の空間38から地盤注入液を地盤３中に浸透、注入する。
【００８７】
さらに、図２３もまた、他の注入管路を地盤中に埋設した状態の断面図であって、注入管路２として、二重管ダブルパッカ注入管路２ａを用いた例を示す。この注入管路２ａは内管39、外管40および細管32から構成される。内管39は先端部分に上下に離れてパッカ36ａを備え、この間に内管吐出口39ａを有する。まず、注入管路２ａを地盤３の削孔34に挿入の後、次いで、内管39の吐出口39ａから各袋パッカ36、36・・・36に硬化物を填充して膨脹させ、袋パッカ36、36・・・36を形成する。この状態で細管32の吐出口32ａから地盤注入液を地盤３中に注入し、地盤３を固結する。上下に隣接する袋パッカ36、36間には外管40の吐出口40ａが設けてあるが、これは必ずしも必要としない。なお、この外管吐出口40ａを通して、注入後に地盤３の透水試験を行なうことができ、試験の結果、注入が不充分の場合には外管40の吐出口40ａから地盤注入液を再注入することもできる。図２３中、41はゴムスリーブであり、吐出口はこのゴムスリーブ41によって覆われる。
【００８８】
本発明では、その他の注入管路、例えば図示しないが、先端吐出口を有する単管、内管および外管を有し、先端に内管吐出口および外管吐出口をそれぞれ有する二重管、内管、外管および中管からなり、内管吐出口、外管吐出口および中管吐出口をそれぞれ有する三重管等も用いることもできる。また、上述三重管において、外管内には任意の複数の管路を並列して設けてもよく、その吐出口は外管の軸方向の異なる位置に設けてもよい。
【００８９】
本発明に用いられる地盤注入液５は次のａ）〜ｇ）に示される注入液から任意に選択される。これらの注入液５はいずれもゲル化時間を十数時間に設定できるので、大量の注入液をつくって置いてもゲル化の心配がないのみならず、大量の注入液を長時間かけて送液でき、かつ地盤中に注入した後、確実にゲル化し、さらに粘性が小さく、ねばりが少ないため、リターン装置やオリフイス、絞りバルブ等にシリカゲルが詰まることがなく、本装置に用いられる地盤注入液として極めて優れたものである。また、セメント、スラグ等の懸濁性注入液もまた、図９、図１０に示す絞り部を有する装置を用いることにより、詰まり難く、本発明に適している。また、図１７に示すように、本発明装置を複数セットで用い、それぞれ主材、反応剤を別々に分岐管を通して送液し、注入管路内で合流するか、あるいは地盤中に吐出後、地盤中で反応させれば、全ての注入材を注入することができる。
【００９０】
ａ）水ガラス中のアルカリの一部またはイオン交換樹脂またはイオン交換膜で除去して得られるシリカ濃度が0.１〜８重量％のシリカ溶液を主材とした注入液。あるいは、これにさらに水ガラス、酸、塩等を加えてなる注入液。
【００９１】
ｂ）水ガラスのアルカリを酸で中和して得られる非アルカリ領域のシリカ濃度が 0.１〜８重量％のシリカ溶液を主材とした注入液。あるいは、これをさらにイオン交換樹脂やイオン交換膜で注入液中の金属イオンあるいは酸根の全部あるいは一部を除去して得られる注入液。
【００９２】
ｃ）水ガラスをイオン交換によってアルカリを除去し、得られたシリカを造粒したコロイダルシリカを主材とした注入液。
【００９３】
ｄ）水ガラスのアルカリを除去して得られるシリカ溶液に水ガラスおよび／またはコロイダルシリカを添加してなるシリカ溶液を主材とした注入液。
【００９４】
ｅ）水ガラスと、コロイダルシリカと、反応剤とを混合してなるシリカ溶液を主材とした注入液。
【００９５】
ｆ）セメントや粘土を有効成分とする懸濁性注入液。
【００９６】
ｇ）スラグ、特に比表面積８０００cm²/g 以上の微粒子スラグとアルカリ（セメント、消石灰、水ガラス、苛性アルカリ、アルミン酸ソーダ、炭酸ソーダ、重炭酸ソーダ等、アルカリ性を呈する塩等）。
【００９７】
ｈ）水ガラス水溶液と多価金属化合物を別々の注入液送液系統から別々に地盤中に注入して地盤中で反応させる注入液。
【００９８】
ｉ）水ガラス水溶液と反応剤水溶液を別々の注入液送液系統で送液して合流し、地盤に注入する注入液。
【００９９】
上記のうち、ａ）〜ｅ）の注入液は粘性が低く、長いゲル化時間を有し、このため、絞り部にゲルが付着することがない。さらに、十数時間のゲル化時間とすることができるので、注入液をリターンさせても、注入が完了するまでの間、増粘してゲル化する心配がない。
【０１００】
以下、具体的に説明すると、
（１）水ガラスを硫酸やリン酸と混合してあるいはさらに、硫酸アルミニウムや塩化アルミニウム等のアルミニウム塩を加えてｐＨ0.５〜７、ＳｉＯ₂濃度0.１〜８重量％のシリカ水溶液を製造する。このようなシリカ溶液はゲル化時間を１時間〜十数時間に調整し得、ゲル化の直前まで1.１〜3.０ｃｐｓ／２０℃の低粘度を維持でき、さらに、強度を固結標準砂で１〜８kgf/cm²の一軸圧縮強度とすることができる。したがって、これら注入液を数時間リターンしながら注入しても、本発明の注入装置が正常に作動し得るので、本発明装置に適合した極めて優れた注入液ということができる。
【０１０１】
（２）水ガラスをイオン交換樹脂やイオン交換膜で処理し、アルカリを除去して得られる活性珪酸水溶液を加熱することにより分子量を数万以上に結合安定化し、次いでＳｉＯ₂含有量を２０〜３０％に濃縮し、ｐＨ値を９〜１０程度に安定化してコロイダルシリカを製造する。
【０１０２】
このコロイダルシリカ溶液を希釈してＳｉＯ₂含有量0.１〜２０％程度のシリカ溶液とする。これにＮａＣｌやＫＣｌ等の中性質を加えてゲル化時間を十数時間に調整の後、地盤中に注入する。
【０１０３】
ここで、図１７並びに図１８に示される本発明にかかる装置を用い、Ａ液として水ガラスを有効成分とする水溶液、およびＢ液として塩化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム等のアルカリ土金属塩化物や、塩化アルミニウム等の多価金属塩化物を有効成分とする水溶液をそれぞれ異なる導管６を通して以下のように地盤３中に注入し、地盤３中でＡ、Ｂ液を反応させて地盤３を固結した。
【０１０４】
（１）Ａ液を注入後、Ｂ液を注入する。
（２）Ｂ液を注入後、Ａ液を注入する。
（３）Ａ液とＢ液を交互に注入する。
（４）Ａ液とＢ液を同時に注入する。
【０１０５】
上述において、導管６の流量圧力検出器８、９で検出された流量信号ないしは圧力信号を集中管理装置Ｘ１に送信して各注入液の導管６、６・・・６の注入状況を把握し、これら注入状況を注入監視盤Ｘ２に画面表示して一括監視を行ない、注入管理する。この際、集中管理装置Ｘ１に流量の範囲、圧力範囲および／または積算流量範囲について仕様設定し、Ａ、Ｂ両液を別々に地盤中に注入し、以下のいずれかの現象が生じるまで繰り返し注入する。
【０１０６】
（１）注入が所定の圧力範囲ないしは注入量に達する。
（２）注入圧が上昇して注入が困難になるか、注入圧が設定限界になる。
（３）地盤隆起が生じるか、あるいは地盤隆起が設定限界になる。
【０１０７】
Ｂ液としてのアルカリ土金属塩化物や多価金属塩化物は水ガラスグラウトと反応して瞬間的に沈殿物を生じる。この沈殿物は加圧することによって水分を放出し、圧縮されて強固なゲル化物となる。
【０１０８】
【発明の効果】
以上のとおり、本発明は地盤注入液を地盤中に設置された一本または複数本の注入管路を通して地盤中に注入し、該地盤を固結するに際して、該注入液を加圧する注入液加圧部と、この注入液加圧部に連結され、前記加圧部によって加圧された注入液を前記一つまたは複数の注入管路にそれぞれ送液する一つまたは複数の導管と、前記導管にそれぞれ設けられた絞り部およびこれより下流側の分岐管に設けられた圧力計および／または流量計と、前記圧力計および／または流量計に接続されてこれらからの情報を受け、かつ絞り部に接続されてこれら情報に基づいて絞り調整装置に指示を与える制御装置とを備えた地盤注入装置を用いて地盤注入を行なう。
【０１０９】
このため、前記注入液を注入液加圧部から導管を経て注入管路から地盤中に注入するに際して、この注入を絞り部に絞りの指示を与えながら行なって導管中の液圧を所望の圧力に保持し得る。
【０１１０】
したがって、各導管から注入管路に送液される注入液の吐出量および／または吐出圧力を所望の範囲に保持するとともに、複数の導管のいずれかが注入を停止しても、残りの各分岐管の吐出量および／または吐出圧力を所望の範囲に保持する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明装置の一具体例のフローシートである。
【図２】オリフイス口径φ2.０mmにおける抵抗圧力Ｐとオリフイスからの流量ｆとの関係を各液圧について表したグラフである。
【図３】オリフイス口径φ2.５mmにおける抵抗圧力Ｐとオリフイスからの流量ｆとの関係を各液圧について表したグラフである。
【図４】本発明にかかる注入液加圧部と他の具体例の説明図である。
【図５】本発明にかかる地盤注入装置の変形例のフローシートである。
【図６】本発明の絞り部として用いられる流量制御弁の一具体例の断面図である。
【図７】本発明に用いられる流量制御弁の変形例の断面図である。
【図８】本発明に用いられる注入液リターンシステムの具体例の断面図である。
【図９】本発明にかかる絞り部の他の具体例の断面図である。
【図１０】本発明にかかる絞り部のさらに他の形式の説明図である。
【図１１】図１０の絞り部の操作状態を表した部分断面図である。
【図１２】図１０の絞り部の変形例の部分断面図である。
【図１３】図１０の絞り部のさらに他の変形例の部分断面図である。
【図１４】本発明にかかる地盤注入装置の他の具体例のフローシートである。
【図１５】本発明にかかる地盤注入装置のさらに他の具体例のフローシートである。
【図１６】本発明にかかる地盤注入装置のさらに他の具体例のフローシートである。
【図１７】中央管理部に接続された本発明装置の一具体例のフローシートである。
【図１８】図１７の装置を具体的に表した説明図である。
【図１９】集中管理装置Ｘ１の操作フローチャートである。
【図２０】図１８の１０本の送液系統分のデータを表した画面である。
【図２１】本発明にかかる一具体例の注入管路を地盤中に埋設した状態の断面図である。
【図２２】本発明にかかる他の具体例の注入管路を地盤中に埋設した状態の断面図である。
【図２３】本発明のさらに他の具体例の注入管路を地盤中に埋設した状態の断面図である。
【符号の説明】
Ａ地盤注入装置
Ｂ流量制御弁
Ｃ流量制御弁
Ｘ中央管理部
Ｘ１集中管理装置
Ｘ２注入監視盤
Ｘ３日報作成装置
Ｘ４プリンタ
Ｘ５施工表示盤
１注入液加圧部
1a インバータ
２注入管路
2a 二重管ダブルパッカ注入管路
３地盤
3a 地盤壁
４注入液槽
５地盤注入液
６導管
6a 導管
７絞り部
８分岐圧力計
９分岐流量計
10 流量圧力制御装置
11 分配装置
12 連結部
13 送液系
14 ポンプ
15 弁本体
16 入口通路
17 出口通路
18 バランスピストン
19 スプリング
20 入口
21 出口
22 導入口
23 流出口
24 ネジ
25 シヤフト
26 リバーシブルモータ
27 硬質片
28 ギヤボックス
29 ストップバルブ
30 ランプ
31 開始スイッチ
32 細管
32ａ細管吐出口
33 吐出口
34 削孔
35 スリーブグラウト
36 袋パッカ
36ａパッカ
37 バンド
38 空間
39 内管
39ａ内管吐出口
40 外管
40ａ外管吐出口
41 ゴムスリーブ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ground injecting apparatus and method for injecting a ground injecting solution into an earth through an infusion line installed in the ground, and solidifying the ground. In addition, the present invention relates to a ground injection device and a construction method capable of arbitrarily adjusting the discharge amount in accordance with the injection situation, and more specifically, the cross section of the conduit for sending the ground injection liquid to the injection pipeline. The present invention relates to a ground injecting apparatus and method capable of adjusting a diaphragm and injecting at a predetermined discharge amount.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a ground improvement technique for improving the ground by injecting an injection solution into the ground, conventionally, injection pipes are installed on the ground to be injected, and these injection pipes are pulled up from the bottom one by one, or from the top to the bottom. A method of injecting while pushing down and moving the injection stage is known.
[0003]
However, the target ground to be injected is mostly soft alluvium, which is composed of soil layers with different water permeability, which is optimal for each soil layer while turning the injection stage. Achieving injection, that is, achieving injection with optimal injection pressure, injection rate, injection volume, injection rate, etc. is extremely cumbersome, requires a long time, becomes uneconomical and virtually impossible Met.
[0004]
In recent years, it has been required to prevent liquefaction by ground injection. In order to prevent such liquefaction, an economical and rapid construction of large-capacity soil is necessary. However, such rapid construction was not possible with the conventional injection method.
[0005]
In particular, as described above, the ground is formed by laminating soil layers with different water permeability. For this reason, the injection pressure varies between the soil layers, or the injection pressure changes during the injection. Because of this pressure change in the ground, it was very difficult to inject the ground with a fixed discharge amount.
[0006]
[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]
In addition, when simultaneously injecting from a single pump into a plurality of injection pipes installed in the ground, if the injection pressure of the ground at each injection pipe discharge port is different, the injection liquid is discharged only to the low-pressure injection pipes. It was impossible to simultaneously inject a predetermined injection amount into a plurality of injection lines.
[0007]
Furthermore, a method has also been proposed in which an injection solution is simultaneously fed from a single pump to a large number of injection pipes via a large number of orifices or injection ports and injected into the ground. In this method, the pump pressure fluctuates if the width of the ground resistance pressure change is large for each injection pipe, or if the ground resistance pressure in each injection pipe changes during the injection process. It is difficult to inject each injection tube at a predetermined discharge rate. In addition, it is difficult to inject the injection from the remaining injection tubes after maintaining the predetermined pressure and discharge amount after the injection of one of the many injection tubes is completed. The situation is not reached.
[0008]
For example, when the injection of some of the plurality of injection pipes is completed and the valves of the injection pipes are closed, the pressure in the liquid supply pipe rises rapidly and the injection amount to the remaining injection pipes It suddenly increases, making it difficult to maintain the constant injection volume at a constant injection pressure and continue the injection. It is also difficult to vary the discharge amount from the injection tube for each injection tube according to the injection situation.
[0009]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a ground injection device and method capable of injecting at a predetermined discharge amount and improving the above-mentioned drawbacks of the known technology regardless of changes in injection pressure at the time of ground injection. is there.
[0010]
Furthermore, another object of the present invention is that a plurality of injection lines can be simultaneously injected from a plurality of injection lines at a predetermined injection rate even if the permeation resistance pressures of the plurality of injection lines are different from each other. Even if some injections are completed and the injection is stopped, the other remaining injection lines are not affected, and the last one injection line is maintained while maintaining the predetermined pressure and discharge amount. Furthermore, it is possible to provide a ground injection apparatus and method that can improve the above-described drawbacks of the known technology, and can further adjust the discharge amount for each injection pipeline according to the injection situation during injection. It is in.
[0011]
Furthermore, another object of the present invention is suitable for ground improvement of large-capacity soil such as ground improvement for liquefaction prevention work or rapid construction in large-scale work, and in particular, a plurality of injection pipes are provided in the ground to be improved. It is an object of the present invention to provide a ground injection device and method capable of being installed and injecting an injection solution from the plurality of injection pipes simultaneously, selectively and automatically.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, according to the device of the present invention, the ground injection liquid is installed in the ground. Multiple In the ground injection device for injecting into the ground through the injection pipe line and consolidating the ground, an injection liquid pressurizing unit for pressurizing the injection liquid to a predetermined pressure, and communicating with the injection liquid pressurizing part, It is characterized by comprising a conduit for feeding the injection liquid to the injection pipe line and a throttle adjusting device provided in the conduit.
[0013]
Furthermore, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, according to the device of the present invention, the ground injection solution was installed in the ground. Multiple In the ground injection device for injecting into the ground through the injection pipe line and solidifying the ground, an injection liquid pressurizing unit for pressurizing the injection liquid and the injection liquid pressurizing part are communicated with the injection liquid. A part or all of the liquid to be fed to the injection line is made of a flexible or elastic conduit, and is provided in a flexible or elastic part of the conduit. A throttle adjusting device that adjusts the throttle of the cross section of the liquid crystal, and the throttle adjusting device adjusts a discharge amount and / or a discharge pressure of the injection liquid fed from the conduit to the injection conduit by adjusting the throttle. It is characterized by that.
[0014]
Furthermore, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, according to the method of the present invention, the ground injection solution was installed in the ground. Multiple In the ground injection method of injecting into the ground through the injection pipe line and consolidating the ground, the injection liquid pressurizing unit for pressurizing the injection liquid, and the injection liquid pressurizing part communicated with the injection liquid. Using a ground injection device comprising a conduit for feeding liquid to an injection conduit, a throttle adjusting device provided in the conduit, and a pressure gauge and / or a flow meter provided in a conduit downstream of the conduit; It is characterized by injecting the liquid from the injection pressurizing part into the ground through a conduit and an injection conduit.
[0015]
Furthermore, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, according to the method of the present invention, the ground injection solution was installed in the ground. Multiple In the ground injection method of injecting into the ground through the injection pipe line and consolidating the ground, the injection liquid pressurizing unit for pressurizing the injection liquid, and the injection liquid pressurizing part communicated with the injection liquid. A part or all of the conduit that is fed with a flexible or elastic conduit that is fed to the injection conduit, and a flexible or resilient portion of the conduit, and is pressed or loosely pressed against this conduit to inject the ground injection solution. When the injection liquid is injected from the injection liquid pressurizing unit into the ground via the conduit and the injection pipe, the flexible or elastic conduit is used. Pressing or slow pressure is applied by the throttle adjusting device, thereby adjusting the discharge amount and / or discharge pressure of the injection liquid fed from the conduit to the injection pipe according to the situation in the injection pipe. And
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0017]
FIG. 1 is a flow sheet of a specific example of the apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the resistance pressure P at the orifice diameter φ2.0 mm and the flow rate f from the orifice for each hydraulic pressure. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the resistance pressure P at the orifice diameter φ2.5 mm and the flow rate f from the orifice for each hydraulic pressure. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an injection liquid pressurizing unit and another specific example according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a flow sheet of a modified example of the ground injection device according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a specific example of a flow control valve used as the throttle portion of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of another example of the flow control valve. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a specific example of the infusate return system used in the present invention. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of another specific example of the throttle portion according to the present invention. FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of still another type of the aperture according to the present invention. FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an operation state of the aperture portion of FIG. FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view of a modified example of the aperture portion of FIG. FIG. 13 is a partial cross-sectional view of still another modified example of the aperture portion of FIG. FIG. 14 is a flow sheet of another specific example of the ground injection device according to the present invention. FIG. 15 is a flow sheet of still another specific example of the ground injection device according to the present invention. FIG. 16 is a flow sheet of still another specific example of the ground injection device according to the present invention. FIG. 17 is a flowchart of a specific example of the device of the present invention connected to the central management unit. FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram specifically showing the apparatus of FIG. 1 having a central management unit. FIG. 19 is an operation flowchart of the centralized management apparatus X1. FIG. 20 is a screen showing data for the ten liquid delivery systems in FIG. FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an injection pipe according to a specific example of the present invention is buried in the ground. FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of a state in which an injection pipe according to another specific example of the present invention is buried in the ground. FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an injection pipe according to still another embodiment of the present invention is buried in the ground.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 1, the ground injection device A of the present invention has a ground injection solution 5 installed in the ground 3. Multiple Are injected into the ground 3 through the

injection pipes

2, 2... 2, and the ground 3 is consolidated. An injection liquid pressurizing unit 1 that pressurizes the ground injection liquid 5 to a predetermined pressure; It is basically composed of a conduit 6 that communicates with the injection liquid pressurizing unit 1 and feeds the injection solution 5 to the injection pipe 2 and a constriction unit 7 provided in the conduit 6. In addition, you may provide the throttle part 7 in the upper end part of the conduit | pipe 6, ie, the branch point of the liquid feeding system 13 and the conduit | pipe 6, or the exit from the distribution apparatus 11 mentioned later to the conduit | pipe 6.
[0019]
Further, as shown in FIG. 1, an infusion liquid return system RS, that is, a liquid feeding flow meter f is added to the liquid feeding system 13 that reaches the throttle portion 7 of the ground infusion liquid 5. ₀ And / or liquid pressure gauge P ₀ And an injection liquid return device RA, and a predetermined injection pressure P ₀ The flow rate and pressure control device 10 controls the return device RA so as to maintain the flow rate, and a part of the injected solution is returned to the injected solution tank 4 through the return line R. That is, the infusion liquid return system RS is a liquid pressure gauge P ₀ And / or liquid flow meter f ₀ Is received by the flow rate pressure control device 10, and this signal is transmitted to the infusate return device RA. The injection liquid return device RA is a liquid pressure gauge P ₀ And / or liquid flow meter f ₀ Based on the information from, the injection liquid in the liquid supply system 13 is diverted from the liquid supply system 13 to the return line R and returned to the injection liquid tank 4 to maintain the liquid pressure of the liquid supply system 13 at a desired pressure. As a result, the discharge amount of the injection liquid fed from the conduit 6 to the injection pipe line 2 through the throttle portion 7 is maintained at a predetermined amount.
[0020]
In FIG. 1, the ground injection solution 5 is sprayed from a high pressure portion on the upstream side of the throttle portion 7 to a low pressure portion on the downstream side. In this case, the injection pressure P of the pressurized ground injection solution 5 ₀ Injection pressure P of the ground 3 to be injected _1n Is sufficiently large, the discharge amount (injection speed) of each conduit 6 can be reduced even if the injection pressures of the

respective conduits

6, 6... If the areas are the same, the amounts are almost the same. And the discharge amount is the injection pressure P ₀ It is determined by the area of the hole of the throttle portion 7.
[0021]
However, in FIG. 1, the ground infusion solution 5 is not always injected from all the

conduits

6, 6... 6 in exactly the same manner from the beginning to the end of the injection, or may be completed early depending on the target injection site. There will also be a conduit 6 that terminates the injection. However, when a part of the

conduits

6, 6... 6 finishes the injection, the injection amount is distributed to the remaining

other conduits

6, 6. The discharge amount from the remaining

conduits

6, 6... 6 increases. In order to prevent this, an inverter (not shown) of the pump 14 is adjusted to adjust the rotation speed, and the pressure is dropped to adjust the flow rate or the return system is operated. In this manner, the pressure of the liquid supply system 13 can be maintained at a predetermined value regardless of the fluctuation of the number during the injection of the conduit 6, and the injection of a predetermined flow rate from each

conduit

6, 6,... Can continue to.
[0022]
In FIG. 1, from the start of injection to completion, the injection pressure P is injected by the injection liquid return system RS. ₀ Is set to an arbitrary value and the ground injection solution 5 is automatically returned to the injection pressure P ₀ And the discharge amount corresponding to the number of

operating conduits

6, 6... 6 can be arbitrarily obtained. Furthermore, by providing an inverter (not shown) in the pump 14, it is possible to adjust to a predetermined flow rate or pressure within the most appropriate flow rate range (pressure range). As described above, the injection liquid pressurizing unit 1 that pressurizes the ground injection liquid to a predetermined pressure by the injection liquid return system RS, or by an inverter, or a combination thereof, in the present invention, the injection liquid addition unit having a flow rate pressure control function is provided. It is called the pressure part 1. In FIG. 1, a distributor 11 may be provided between the liquid feeding system 13 and the conduit 6, and the

conduits

6, 6... 6 may be extended from the distributor 11. Reference numeral 12 denotes a connecting portion between the conduit 6 and the injection conduit 2. Furthermore, the conduit 6 has a branch valve V as shown in FIG. ₁ , V ₂ ... V _i , V _n Furthermore, a pressure gauge (pressure detector) 8 and a flow meter (flow rate detector) 9 can be optionally provided.
[0023]
2 and 3 show the pressurized ground injection liquid 5 in the distributor 11 of FIG. 1 (the hydraulic pressure upstream of the throttle 7 (orifice) = P ₀ ) From the orifice (throttle section 7), the orifice diameter is set to 2.0 mm and 2.5 mm, the return system RS is used to maintain the fluid pressure upstream of the orifice, and downstream from the orifice. It is a graph of the change of the flow volume f (l / min) from an orifice when changing the hydraulic pressure (ground resistance pressure) of a side variously.
[0024]
2 and 3, the hydraulic pressure P ₀ Is sufficiently higher than the ground resistance pressure P, the flow rate f is determined by the hydraulic pressure P and the diameter of the orifice O, and even if the hydraulic pressure P changes, the flow rate f hardly changes. Also, the hydraulic pressure P ₀ It can be seen that the flow rate f rapidly decreases when the difference between P and P falls within a certain range. In general, hydraulic pressure P ₀ Is 20-100kgf / cm ² And P ₀ The difference between P and P is 5kgf / cm ² Or more, preferably 10 kgf / cm ² Is desirable.
[0025]
FIG. 4 is a flow sheet of another specific example of the infusion solution return system RS used in the present invention. A plurality of pumps 14 are used in parallel. ₀ Can be injected simultaneously from a large number of injection lines. That is, the present invention enables rapid construction by installing several dozens or 100 or more of the

conduits

6, 6... 6 shown in FIG. Moreover, permeation between soil particles becomes possible by a low discharge amount of 1 to 5 l / min per discharge port. That is, when 100 discharge ports are simultaneously injected as one discharge port 3l, an injection pump of 300 l / min is required. However, it is difficult to obtain a chemical injection pump of 300 l / min. However, by using the apparatus of FIG. 4, it is possible to inject 10 liquid injection pumps of 30 l / min into one set and inject from 100 discharge ports at once. Moreover, by using the infusion solution return system RS, the constant pressure P can be maintained even if the number of discharge ports varies from a large number of discharge ports without adjusting the discharge amount of each pump. ₀ Thus, the automatic injection can be continued with a predetermined discharge amount, and the use of the above-described return device makes it possible to put to practical use of such an innovative injection method.
[0026]
The injection liquid return device RA operates continuously during the injection, and the liquid pressure gauge P ₀ The flow rate pressure control device 10 having obtained the above signal instructs the infusion solution return device RA to return the ground infusion solution 5 through the return line R and returns the pressure in the distribution device 11 in FIG. The discharge amount is controlled by controlling the fluid pressure on the side. Further, the pressure in the distribution device 15 is controlled in response to the signal from the flow meter 9 so that the discharge amount of the most suitable conduit 6 is obtained. And even if a part of the conduit 6 finishes the predetermined injection and stops the injection, it can be injected from the remaining conduits with the same discharge amount to the last one.
[0027]
FIG. 5 shows an example of a ground injection device according to the present invention using a cylindrical annular distributor 11. In general, when the infusion liquid is directly fed from the liquid feeding system 13 to the respective conduits 6 by a pump, an excessive pressure is immediately exerted on the distribution device, making it difficult to operate. Moreover, since pulsation is generated, it is difficult to uniformly penetrate the ground. On the other hand, when the liquid is fed from the liquid feeding system 13 to the conduit 6 through the distributor 11, the pulsation is absorbed and the uniform penetration into the ground becomes possible. In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, an infusion solution return system RS, that is, a feeding pressure gauge P ₀ Or liquid flow meter f ₀ By providing the injection liquid return device RA, the return line R, and the flow rate pressure control device 10, the injection pressure P is gradually increased while the pump 14 is started in a normal operation state. ₀ And the injection pressure P while grasping the discharge amount from the

conduits

6, 6. ₀ The injection operation can be performed safely and easily. Further, the pulsation of the pump 14 is absorbed in the distribution device 15, and therefore, the ground injection solution 5 without pulsation is sent to each of the

injection pipes

2, 2,... Interparticle penetration is possible. In particular, in the cylindrical annular distributor 15 as shown in FIG. 5, the pressure in the distributor 11 is evenly distributed, so that the discharge amount to each of the

conduits

6, 6. Liquid pressure gauge P ₀ And liquid flow meter f ₀ Can also be provided in the dispensing device.
[0028]
FIG. 6 is a specific example of the throttle portion according to the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view of the flow control valve B. In FIG. 6, the flow control valve B includes a valve body 15, an inlet passage 16, an outlet passage 17, a balance piston 18, a spring 19, and an introduction port 22.
[0029]
The valve body 15 has an inlet 20 for introducing the ground injection solution 5 in the direction of the arrow and an outlet 21 for discharging it in the direction of the arrow. The inlet passage 16 leads from the inlet 20 to the inside of the valve body 15, and the outlet passage 17 The outlet 21 communicates with the inside of the valve body 15.
[0030]
The balance piston 18 is incorporated between the inlet passage 16 and the outlet passage 21 so as to be movable along these passage directions, and has an inlet 22 leading to the inlet passage 16 and an outlet 23 leading to the outlet passage 17. Yes. The introduction port 22 can be freely adjusted in the throttle and opening by the movement of the balance piston 18 in the passage direction.
[0031]
The spring 19 is a stretchable elastic body and is mounted in the outlet passage 17 to urge the balance piston 18 from the direction of the outlet passage 17. As such a stretchable elastic body, in addition to the spring 19 shown in FIG. 6, although not shown, a synthetic resin cushion material including the spring, a cushion material in which the spring is covered with a stretchable film such as rubber, Various cushion materials such as a flexible cushion material made of a synthetic resin such as hard rubber and the like so that the gel of the injected solution is not clogged between the springs and the function is not lowered are used.
[0032]
The flow control valve B having the above-described configuration shown in FIG. ₁ When (resistance pressure) increases, outlet 21 side pressure P ₁ And inlet 20 side pressure P ₀ Pressure difference P ₀ -P ₁ However, since the injection speed is decreased, the ground piston pressure increases, so that the balance piston 18 pushes the spring 19 and moves to the inlet 20 side. Due to this movement, the opening of the inlet 22 (orifice) becomes larger and acts to increase the flow rate flowing from the inlet 20.
[0033]
Also, the pressure on the outlet 21 side (ground resistance pressure) P ₁ Becomes lower, the outlet 21 side pressure P ₁ And inlet 20 side pressure P ₀ Pressure difference P ₀ -P ₁ Increases and the injection speed increases, but the balance piston 18 moves to the outlet 21 side. By this movement, the inlet 22 is throttled, the opening is reduced, and the flow rate flowing from the inlet 22 is reduced. That is, the flow rate control valve B according to the present invention operates so as to always discharge a constant discharge amount from the outlet 21 regardless of the pressure change on the outlet 21 side. In this way, even if the ground injection pressure varies from one injection hole to another, even if the gelation progresses during the injection and the resistance pressure of the ground increases, it operates so as to maintain a constant discharge amount.
[0034]
In the injection, it is desirable to inject at an injection pressure and a discharge amount most suitable for the soil layer to be injected. It should be injected at a discharge rate corresponding to the pump pressure, but the pump pressure fluctuates due to changes in the ground during injection, changes in permeation resistance due to gelation, or variations in the injection operation, The discharge amount is also likely to change. On the other hand, according to the present invention, it is possible to maintain a substantially constant discharge amount regardless of the pressure change on the outlet side by the function of the valve.
[0035]
FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of another example of the flow control valve B. In FIG. 7, the flow control valve C includes a valve body 15, an inlet passage 16, an outlet passage 17, a balance piston 18, and a spring 19, similar to the flow control valve B in FIG. 6.
[0036]
That is, in FIG. 7, by rotating the screw 24 and pushing it in the direction of the spring 19, the balance piston is moved via the spring 19, and the opening area of the inlet (orifice) 22 is reduced to reduce the ground injection solution 5. Reduce the amount of passage. As a result, the amount of the ground injection liquid 5 discharged from the outlet 21 through the outlet 23 decreases. On the contrary, by rotating the screw 24 in the opposite direction, the balance piston is moved in the opposite direction to the above, and the opening area of the introduction port (orifice) 22 is widened to increase the passage amount of the ground injection solution 5. As a result, the amount of the ground injection liquid 5 discharged from the outlet 21 through the outlet 23 increases.
[0037]
By using such a flow control valve C, the screw 24 can be adjusted in advance and set to a predetermined discharge amount based on a flow test before construction. Rotate 24 to adjust the discharge amount appropriately.
[0038]
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a specific example of the infusate return system used in the present invention. That is, FIG. 8 shows the liquid supply system 13, that is, the liquid supply system 13 in the middle from the injection liquid tank 4 to the distributor 11, the injection liquid return device RA, and the liquid pressure gauge P downstream of this. ₀ And / or liquid flow meter f ₀ These injection liquid return devices RA and liquid pressure gauges P ₀ Or liquid flow meter f ₀ Are connected to the flow rate and pressure control device 10, respectively. In this case, the injection liquid return device RA is used as the liquid pressure gauge P ₀ And / or liquid flow meter f ₀ Based on the information from the above, the ground injection liquid 5 in the liquid feeding system 13 is diverted from the liquid feeding system 13 to the return pipe R, whereby the liquid pressure of the liquid feeding system 13 is maintained at a desired pressure. The injection liquid return device RA receives the above signal, moves the shaft 25 of the reversible motor 26 in the forward and backward directions in the direction of the arrow, adjusts the area of the return line R opening, and returns to the return line R. The return amount of the ground injection solution 5 is adjusted, and the pressure or flow rate on the liquid feeding system 13 side is set to a desired set value. These devices and the pump can be integrated to form an injection liquid pressurizing unit 1 having a flow rate pressure control function.
[0039]
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of still another specific example of the throttle unit 7 according to the present invention. The throttle unit 7 receives an instruction from the flow pressure control device 10 and moves the shaft 25 in the direction of the arrow by the operation of the reversible motor 26, and the ground injection solution 5 fed into the conduit 6 is throttled by the shaft 25, and the orifice ( It has a function to adjust the aperture. That is, based on the information from the pressure gauge 8 and / or the flow meter 9 connected to the flow pressure controller 10, the ground injection liquid 5 being fed into the conduit 6 has a predetermined pressure range and / or instantaneous flow range. In order to maintain the pressure, the throttle a is adjusted to maintain the hydraulic pressure in the conduit 6 within a desired pressure range and / or instantaneous flow rate range. Note that a constant flow rate such as an orifice cannot maintain a constant flow rate and cannot change the flow rate, but the flow rate of the conduit 6 can be automatically adjusted by using the throttle 7 as described above. Thus, in the present invention, a flow rate corresponding to the cross-sectional area of the throttle unit by adjusting the hydraulic pressure above the throttle unit by providing a flow rate pressure control device in the throttle unit without providing a return device or an inverter in the pump. By obtaining the above, it is possible to provide a function of pressurizing the injection liquid pressurizing unit to a predetermined pressure.
[0040]
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of another form of the aperture 7 used in the present invention, and FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing the aperture state of FIG. 10 and 11, the conduit 6 (liquid feeding system) for feeding the ground injecting solution 5 to the injecting conduit 2 is partially or entirely formed by a flexible conduit 6a. The flexible conduit 6a is provided with a throttle portion 7 for adjusting the throttle of the cross section of the conduit 6b of the conduit 6a by pressing or loosely pressing the conduit 6a. As a material used for the flexible conduit 6a, for example, rubber such as synthetic resin is used.
[0041]
10 and FIG. 11 has such a throttle portion 7 that presses or loosely presses the flexible conduit 6a to adjust the throttle of the cross section of the pipeline 6b, and there is an obstacle to the pipeline 6b. Therefore, for example, even if a suspending injection solution is flowed as the injection solution, the throttle portion of the pipe line 6b will not be clogged.
[0042]
As shown in FIG. 10, a specific structure of the narrowed portion 7 includes a pair of

hard pieces

27, 27. As shown in FIG. 11, the pair of

hard pieces

27, 27 is used to form a flexible conduit 6a. The conduit 6a is pressed or loosely pressed by crushing or restoring the conduit 6b by sandwiching. In this case, the shaft 25 can be manually adjusted by moving the gear up and down, but it is preferable to perform it automatically.
[0043]
For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the throttle unit 7 according to the present invention includes a reversible motor 26 and a shaft 25 that moves up and down by the operation of the motor 26. 28 is a gear box. One of the pair of

hard pieces

27, 27 is attached to, for example, the tip of the shaft 25 so as to be close to or in contact with the flexible conduit 6a, and the other is provided with one flexible piece sandwiching the flexible conduit 6a. It is arranged at a position facing 27. As a result, as shown in FIG. 11, the flexible conduit 6a is sandwiched between the pair of

hard pieces

27 and 27 by the vertical movement of the shaft 25, and pressed or loosely pressed.
[0044]
Furthermore, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 10, a pressure gauge 8 and / or a flow meter 9, for example, an electromagnetic flow meter 8, is installed in the liquid supply system conduit 6 (or the flexible conduit 6 a) downstream of the throttle portion 7. And a flow pressure controller 10 is also provided. The control device 10 sets a desired flow rate, and is connected to the pressure gauge 8 and / or the flow meter 9 and the reversible motor 26 of the throttle unit 7, and based on information from the pressure gauge 8 and / or the flow meter 9. Then, an instruction is given to the throttle unit 7 to operate the reversible motor 26, and the shaft 25 is moved up and down to adjust the throttle by pressing or loosely pressing the flexible conduit 6a, thereby adjusting the flow rate to the set desired flow rate. As the

hard pieces

27, 27, for example, hard rods made of hard plastic or metal are used.
[0045]
In FIG. 10, the control device 10 may be connected to the injection liquid pressurizing unit 1 in addition to the throttle unit. That is, for example, the pump 14 of the injection liquid pressurizing unit 1 in FIG. Then, the inverter is instructed to increase or decrease the rotational speed of the pump 14 to adjust the pressurization state of the ground injection solution 5. Although not shown, the control device 10 can adjust the return device so that the return amount can be adjusted so that the pressure on the upstream side of the throttle portion 7 maintains a predetermined value.
[0046]
As described above, the ground injecting solution 5 is pressurized and fed through the injecting solution pressurizing unit 1, and then, as shown in FIG. 10, the shaft is movable up and down the throttle unit 7 installed in the flexible conduit 6 a. The flexible conduit 6a is sandwiched by 25 hard pieces 27, and the flow rate is reduced. Assuming that the cross section of the narrowed flow path sandwiched between the

hard pieces

27 and 27 is a, the instantaneous flow rate q of the injected liquid 5 flowing through the flow path a is the pressure P upstream of the

hard pieces

27 and 27. ₀ And pressure P in the injection pipe 2 ₁ Differential pressure of (ground injection pressure) ΔP = P ₀ -P ₁ It depends on. The instantaneous flow rate q increases as the differential pressure ΔP increases and the flow path a increases. Further, q approaches zero as ΔP approaches zero.
[0047]
Therefore, ground injection pressure P ₁ However, the flow rate a can be increased by increasing the flow path a even when ΔP is decreased, or the instantaneous flow rate q can be maintained within a predetermined range by decreasing the flow path a. Reduce the flow rate, P ₁ Suppression of the ground can be suppressed and the deformation of the ground can be reduced.
[0048]
These adjustments can be made for each conduit 6 (flexible conduit 6a). That is, according to the present invention, by varying the cross section of the flow path a by adjusting the pressure of the injection pressurizing unit 1 and the shaft 25 of the throttle unit 7, for each individual conduit 6 (flexible conduit 6a), The injection pressure and instantaneous injection volume (injection speed) can be adjusted according to the injection status. Even if the pressure increases, the instantaneous injection volume is lowered to keep the pressure low until the pressure reaches a predetermined level, or the ground. It is possible to inject a predetermined injection amount with a minimum displacement.
[0049]
10 used in the present invention is different from that in FIG. 9 in which the flow of the ground injection solution 5 is directly blocked by the shaft 25, as shown in FIG. Since the flow rate is adjusted by sandwiching the flexible conduit 6a, the flexible conduit 6a is not clogged with the ground injection solution 5 even if a suspension is used.
[0050]
FIG. 12 shows a modification of the restrictor 7 shown in FIG. 10, and a plurality of flexible conduits 6a, 6a... 6a connected to a plurality of

injection pipes

2, 2,. , 27 simultaneously adjust the throttle of the conduit 6b of the conduit 6a. This is used when the ground conditions are substantially the same and the injection conditions are substantially the same, and injection is performed simultaneously from a plurality of injection pipelines. In this case, the pressure and / or flow rate downstream of the throttle 7 need only be measured by a single conduit.
[0051]
13 is another modification of the throttle unit 7 of FIG. 10, and the discharge amount of the flexible conduits 6a, 6a... 6a is adjusted by the

respective throttle units

7, 7. In this case, each of the conduits 6a leads to the injection conduit, and can be injected with an optimum discharge amount according to the injection situation of each of the injection conduits.
[0052]
FIG. 14 is a flow sheet of another specific example of the ground injection device according to the present invention. 14, the ground injection device A injects the ground injection solution 5 in the injection solution tank 4 into the ground 3 through one or a plurality of

injection pipes

2, 2... 2 installed in the ground 3. The ground 3 is consolidated. Such a ground injection device A according to the present invention basically includes the injection liquid pressurizing unit 1, the throttle unit 7, and the

conduits

6, 6. In FIG. 14, the portion on the left side of the broken line drawn in the center in the vertical direction is a device using one injection conduit 2, and an overall view with the broken line removed is a plurality of

injection conduits

2, 2... Is an apparatus using 2. For the sake of explanation, both are the same, and therefore, both of them will be described with reference to FIG. An example using one injection line 2 is the left part of the broken line. In this ground injection device A, the flow control valve B or C shown in FIG. 6 or FIG. 7, the throttle portion shown in FIG. 9 or FIG.
[0053]
The injection liquid pressurizing unit 1 is connected to the injection liquid tank 4 via a conduit (liquid feeding system 13), and the ground injection liquid 5 in the tank 4 is introduced into the injection liquid pressurizing part 1 and pressurized. Specifically, the injection liquid pressurizing unit 1 is composed of, for example, a single pump or, as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of

pumps

14, 14... Although not shown in the figure, it is constituted by an injection liquid pressurizing unit that supplies pressurized liquid from a compressor to a pressure-resistant container filled with the injection liquid and sends the injection liquid.
[0054]
The

conduits

6, 6... 6 are respectively connected to the injection liquid pressurizing unit 1 through the liquid supply system 13, and the injection liquid pressurized by the injection liquid pressurizing unit 1 is injected into the

injection pipes

2, 2. 2 to liquid. Each of these

conduits

6, 6... 6 is provided with a throttle 7 and a pressure gauge 8 and / or a flow meter 9 on the downstream side thereof. Reference numeral 12 denotes a connecting portion that connects the injection conduit 2 in the ground 3 and the conduit 6.
[0055]
The ground injection device A according to the present invention further includes a flow rate pressure control device X as shown in FIG. This control device X is provided in each

conduit

6, 6... 6 in the example of the device of FIG. 14, and is connected to the pressure gauge 8 and / or the flow meter 9 of each conduit 6 to receive these information. Based on information from the pressure gauge 8 and / or the flow meter 9, an instruction is given to the throttle unit 7.
[0056]
In response to an instruction from the control device 10, the throttle unit 7 adjusts the throttle so that the injection liquid being fed into the conduit 6 maintains a predetermined pressure range and / or instantaneous flow rate range, thereby adjusting the fluid pressure of the conduit 6. In the desired pressure range and / or instantaneous flow rate range.
[0057]
That is, the injection solution 5 in the injection solution tank 4 is injected from the injection solution pressurizing unit 1 through the conduit 6 through the injection line 2 into the ground 3 via the liquid supply system 13. The injection is performed while giving a throttling instruction to maintain the hydraulic pressure in the conduit 6 within a desired pressure range and / or instantaneous flow rate range. As a result, the infusate pressurizing unit 1 is added with a function of pressurizing the infusate to a predetermined pressure without the pump 14 having a return device or an inverter directly.
[0058]
Specifically, referring to FIG. 9, a desired pressure value and / or flow value is set in advance in the flow rate pressure control device 10, and in this state, the actual pressure is changed from the pressure gauge 8 and / or the flow meter 9. Values and / or flow values are sent to the controller 10. The throttle unit 7 includes a reversible motor 26, and the reversible motor 26 is rotated forward or backward so that the actual pressure value and / or flow rate value approaches the set value and maintains the same value according to an instruction from the control device 10. The shaft 25 is swung up and down or left and right to adjust the opening, and the flow rate of the injection pipe 2 is adjusted.
[0059]
In the present invention, the control device 10, the throttle unit 7, the pressure gauge 8 and / or the flow meter 9 can be integrated and used as the flow pressure control device X.
[0060]
Thereby, not only the discharge amount and / or discharge pressure of the injection liquid fed from each conduit 6 to the injection pipe line 2 is maintained in a desired range, but also any of the plurality of

conduits

6, 6. Even if the injection is stopped, the discharge amount and / or discharge pressure of each remaining conduit 6 is also maintained in the desired range.
[0061]
FIG. 15 shows an example in which one control device 10 is provided. In this case, the pressure gauges 8 and / or flow meters 9 of the plurality of conduits 6 are connected to a single control device 10 and give instructions to the respective throttle portions 7 from this single control device 10. Accordingly, since only one control device 10 is required, the device is simplified. 15, the plurality of

conduits

6, 6... 6 are connected to the distributor 11, and the plurality of

conduits

6, 6.
[0062]
Further, in FIG. 15, a pump having an inverter 1 a is provided as the injection liquid pressurizing unit 1, and a return line R shown in FIGS. 1 and 8 is provided as the throttle unit 7. In addition, when the throttle part 7 of FIG. 9 is used, the pressure difference ΔP as it is injected. ₁ Is reduced, the inverter (or continuously variable transmission. A pump having these is called an injection speed variable pump) 1a is adjusted to P ₀ And ΔP can be increased. Furthermore, the shaft 25 may be adjusted by the throttle portion 7 so that the flow path A is maintained so as to maintain the most appropriate flow rate and pressure according to the injection state of each injection pipe line 2.
[0063]
Furthermore, this △ P ₁ It is also possible to adjust the return amount by adjusting the shaft 25 corresponding to the above, and adjust the flow rate to each injection conduit 2 according to the change of the injection status in each injection conduit 2. 15 and 16 is a pressure-resistant container provided in the liquid feeding system 13, and a plurality of

conduits

6, 6, ... 6 branch from this container. If it does in this way, an infusion will distribute to each conduit |

pipe

6,6 ... 6 on the same conditions.
[0064]
FIG. 16 shows the apparatus shown in FIG. 15 in which an infusion solution return device RA and a downstream side of the infusion solution 13, that is, a conduit on the way from the infusion solution pressurizing unit 1 to the conduit 6 (solution delivery system 13). This is an example in which a pressure gauge 8a and / or a flow meter 9a are provided on the side, and the injection liquid return device RA and the pressure meter 8a or the flow meter 9a are connected to the control device 10, respectively. In this case, the infusate return device RA diverts the infusate in the liquid feeding system 13 from the liquid feeding system 13 to the return line R based on information from the pressure gauge 8a and / or the flow meter 9a. The hydraulic pressure of 13 is maintained at the desired pressure. Also in this case, the infusion solution return device RA, the pressure gauge 8a and / or the flow meter 9a, and the control device 10 can be integrated into the flow pressure control device Xa. As a result, the discharge amount and / or discharge pressure of the injection liquid sent from the liquid delivery system 13 to the conduit 6 at the stage of the liquid delivery system 13 before the injection liquid is introduced into the conduit 6 is maintained in a desired range. obtain.
[0065]
FIG. 17 is a simplified block diagram of an example in which the two liquids A and B according to the present invention are merged in the injection pipe 2 or in the ground 3, and is an example connected to the central management unit X. In this case, liquid pressure gauge P ₀ And / or liquid flow meter f ₀ And the pressure gauges 8 and / or flow meters 9 of the plurality of

conduits

6, 6... 6 are connected to the central management device X1 of the central management unit X, and each throttle unit 7, return from the central management device X1. An instruction is given to the device RA and the injection monitoring board X2.
[0066]
FIG. 18 shows an example of the ground injection device A according to the present invention, which is connected to the central management unit X. In FIG. 18, X is a central management unit, which includes a centralized management device X1, an injection monitoring panel X2, a daily report creation device X3, a printer X4, and a construction display panel X5. In FIG. 18, 29 is a stop valve, 30 is a lamp, and 31 is a start switch.
[0067]
In FIG. 18, a pressure gauge 8 and / or a flow meter 9 and a

throttle unit

7, 7... 7 are provided in each of the

conduits

6, 6. Further, the throttle unit 7 is connected to the construction display board X5 directly or via the stop valve 29, and the construction display board X5 is connected to the central control device X1. In FIG. 18, these data can be displayed on the injection monitoring board X2 to monitor the injection status collectively. The injection monitoring board X2 includes “time data” such as injection date and time, injection block number, injection hole number, “location data” such as injection point, injection pressure, and flow rate (unit time flow rate and "Injection data" such as (integrated flow rate) is displayed, and these injection data are recorded by the centralized management device X1. In addition, as described later, infusion solution identification data and ground (or structure) displacement data can also be displayed.
[0068]
In FIG. 18, the ground injection solution is supplied from the injection solution pressurizing unit 1 through the liquid supply system 13, the flow rate pressure control device 10, and the distribution device 11. When simultaneously injecting into different injection points, the flow rate and / or pressure data of the injection liquid detected from the pressure gauges 8 or flow meters 9 of the plurality of

conduits

6, 6... It is transmitted and displayed on the screen of the injection monitoring board X2, and the construction status is displayed. By such a screen display of data, the injection status is collectively monitored and the injection of the injection solution is managed and recorded.
[0069]
A specific example will be described with reference to FIG. 18. The injected liquid from the injected liquid tank 4 is controlled to a constant pressure by the pump 14 of the liquid feeding system 13 and the pressure flow control device 10 and is introduced into the distributor 11, and then a plurality of .. Are divided into the

conduits

6, 6... 6, and injected into the ground 3 through the

injection pipes

2, 2.
[0070]
At this time, the flow rate signal and / or pressure signal detected by the pressure gauge 8 and / or the flow meter 9 provided in the

conduits

6, 6... 6 are transmitted to the centralized management device X1 of the central management unit X, and injection monitoring is performed. The screen is displayed on the board X2, and the injection status is collectively monitored.
[0071]
A daily report creation device X3 (personal computer) and a printer X4 are connected to the central management device X1, and each recorded data is created as a daily report by the daily report creation device X3 and printed out by the printer X4.
[0072]
The apparatus of FIG. 18 will be described with reference to FIG. 19 showing an operation flow chart of the centralized management apparatus X1. In FIG. 18, first, the pressure specification value (appropriate pressure range), the specified injection amount (appropriate integrated injection amount range) of the injection specification file for Nos. 1 to 10 of the

conduits

6, 6,. The injection pressure and flow rate (flow rate per unit time and / or integrated flow rate) are preset in the central control device X1 (system specification setting registration), and then the start switches 31 of No. 1 to No. 10 of the central control device X1 are turned ON. To start data recording.
[0073]
At this time, the construction display panel X5 is also turned ON by the lamp 30. The injection monitoring panel X2 displays the injection data from the

conduits

6, 6... 6 on the screen. When these data reach the set values, the central control device X1 outputs a completion signal or an alarm signal. Is displayed on the injection monitoring board X2, and a completion state or interruption signal is displayed on the construction display board X5 with the lamp 30, and a signal for closing the stop valve 29 of the

conduits

6, 6,.
[0074]
After the injection of all the

conduits

6, 6... 6 is completed, the recording of data by the central management apparatus X 1 is ended by turning off the start switch 31 of the central management apparatus X 1. Based on these recorded data, a daily report creation device X3 creates a report such as a daily report and prints it out with a printer X4.
[0075]
In FIG. 18, the central control device X1 records and monitors flow rate or pressure data from the pressure gauge 8 and / or the flow meter 9 respectively disposed in 10

conduits

6, 6. In addition, the device X1 completes the injection according to the preset specified pressure value (or specified pressure range), specified instantaneous flow rate value (or specified instantaneous flow rate range), and specified integrated injection amount (or specified integrated injection amount range). Or the automatic determination of the interruption of injection is performed.
[0076]
The details are as follows.

[0077]
Injection monitoring:
Accumulated injection volume data and pressure data are monitored with the specified injection volume and pressure registered based on the injection specification file. When the injection pressure is equal to or higher than the specified pressure, or when the injection amount (integrated flow rate) reaches the specified integrated injection amount (specified integrated flow rate), the central control device X1 outputs a stop valve 29 closing signal. In addition, the lamp is turned on to indicate completion or interruption. (Completion by pressure regulation, interruption, completion by regulation injection amount is displayed on the screen.)
[0078]
Monitoring screen:
Data for 10 liquid supply systems shown in FIG. 18 (total 40 data of flow rate, pressure, integrated flow rate, and maximum pressure) are displayed on the injection monitoring panel X2 on one screen. FIG. 20 shows a screen displaying data for the ten liquid delivery systems in FIG.
[0079]
The screen of FIG. 20 will be described in detail as follows.

The integrated flow rate is an injection amount for 20 minutes. The maximum pressure was displayed every 30 seconds, and the maximum value from 19 minutes 30 seconds to 20 minutes was displayed. If the maximum pressure continues to exceed the set pressure, an alarm signal is issued, and it is determined that the injection of the liquid delivery system is interrupted or terminated. Further, when the integrated flow rate reaches the set integrated flow rate, it is determined that the injection of the liquid feeding system is finished.
[0080]

The left side of each of the two screens shows the instantaneous flow rate and instantaneous pressure chart corresponding to the passage of time (t) in each liquid delivery system, and the right side shows the average instantaneous flow rate (l / min) from 19 minutes 30 seconds to 20 minutes. And mean instantaneous pressure (MPa).
[0081]
In this way, as shown in the screen of FIG. 20, the liquid supply statuses of the liquid supply systems No. 1 to 10 are simultaneously displayed on the injection monitoring panel X2, but the screen is switched for each liquid supply system. Can also be displayed. Note that the set pressure, the actual pressure, the liquid supply flow rate to the distribution device 11, and the integrated liquid supply flow rate in the flow rate pressure control device 10 may be displayed on the same screen or different screens. Thereby, the relationship between the fluid pressure in the distributor 11 and the pressure and flow rate of the plurality of

conduits

6, 6... 6 can be grasped in real time, and the injection can be managed so as to be within a predetermined setting range. In FIG. 20, the pressure and flow rate in the liquid feeding system 13 of FIG. 18 may be displayed instead of the maximum pressure. Furthermore, the central management device X1 can also create forms such as injection specification files, injection result lists, injection charts, daily schedules, weekly schedules, monthly schedules, and analysis data.
[0082]
The injection specification file is an operation setting file (system specification setting in FIG. 19) of the centralized management device X1, and sets the specified pressure value and the specified injection amount for the injection completion conditions of the

conduits

6, 6. Further, the injection specifications for adjusting the throttle of the throttle part 7 of the conduit 6, the adjustment of the inverter of the pump 14 in the injection liquid pressurizing part 1, and the adjustment of the return system RS for keeping the fluid pressure in the distributor 11 at a set value. Create Each form file is converted and created from the recorded data of flow rate, pressure, integrated flow rate or maximum pressure and data by manual input such as hole number or automatic input. Further, the analysis data is converted and created from each form data.
[0083]
In the screen of FIG. 20, one block for each conduit, for example, for each injection point in the injection hole, the block No. , Injection hole No. And stage no. At the same time, pressure, flow rate, and chart can be displayed.
[0084]
Further, from these data, the injection pressure P, the flow rate Q, and the integrated flow rate (l) with respect to time t can be displayed for each injection hole, for example, for each stage.
[0085]
FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of a state in which the injection pipeline according to the present invention is embedded in the ground, and shows an example in which the injection pipeline 2 formed by binding a plurality of thin tubes 32 is used as the injection pipeline 2. Each of the

thin tubes

32, 32... 32 is installed in the ground 3 so that the tip discharge port 33 is opened at a different position in the axial direction and is embedded in the sleeve grout 35 loaded in the drilling hole. The ground injection liquid from the discharge port 33 breaks the solidified sleeve grout 35 and penetrates and is injected into the ground 3 through the ground wall 3a. The sleeve grout 35 may not be used.
[0086]
FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of another injection pipe according to the present invention embedded in the ground. The injection pipe 2 includes a plurality of

narrow tubes

32, 32. An example is shown in which an infusion line 2 formed by mounting a plurality of

bag packers

36, 36... 36 at intervals in the axial direction is shown. The narrow tube 32 is bound by a band 37 so that the distal end discharge port 33 is positioned inside the bag packer 36 and between the

bag packers

36 and 36, respectively. When installing such an injection pipe 2 on the ground 3, first, the bag packer 36 is inserted into the hole 34 without being inflated, and then the bag packer 36 is inflated from the discharge port 33 into the bag packer 36 through the narrow tube 32. The bag packer 36 is inflated by filling with various fluids such as a caking material to be solidified or an inert gas such as water, muddy water, and air nitrogen gas. Further, the ground injection liquid is discharged from the discharge port 33, and the ground injection liquid is infiltrated and injected into the ground 3 from the space 38 between the

bag packers

36, 36.
[0087]
Further, FIG. 23 is also a sectional view showing a state in which another injection pipe is embedded in the ground, and shows an example in which a double pipe double packer injection pipe 2a is used as the injection pipe 2. The injection pipe line 2a includes an inner pipe 39, an outer pipe 40, and a narrow pipe 32. The inner tube 39 is provided with a packer 36a at the tip portion so as to be separated vertically, and has an inner tube discharge port 39a therebetween. First, the injection pipe line 2a is inserted into the hole 34 of the ground 3, and then the

bag packers

36, 36... 36 are filled with a hardened material from the discharge port 39a of the inner pipe 39 to be inflated. 36, 36... 36 are formed. In this state, the ground injection solution is injected into the ground 3 from the discharge port 32a of the narrow tube 32, and the ground 3 is consolidated. A discharge port 40a of the outer tube 40 is provided between the upper and lower

adjacent bag packers

36, 36, but this is not always necessary. It is to be noted that the water permeability test of the ground 3 can be performed after the injection through the outer tube discharge port 40a, and if the injection is insufficient as a result of the test, the ground injection solution is reinjected from the discharge port 40a of the outer tube 40. You can also. In FIG. 23, reference numeral 41 denotes a rubber sleeve, and the discharge port is covered with the rubber sleeve 41.
[0088]
In the present invention, other injection conduits, for example, a single tube having a tip discharge port, an inner tube and an outer tube, not shown, a double tube having an inner tube discharge port and an outer tube discharge port at the tip, A triple pipe or the like that includes an inner tube, an outer tube, and an intermediate tube and has an inner tube discharge port, an outer tube discharge port, and an intermediate tube discharge port can also be used. Further, in the above-described triple pipe, a plurality of arbitrary pipe lines may be provided in parallel in the outer pipe, and the discharge ports may be provided at different positions in the axial direction of the outer pipe.
[0089]
The ground injection solution 5 used in the present invention is arbitrarily selected from the injection solutions shown in the following a) to g). Since all of these injection solutions 5 can set the gelation time to dozens of hours, there is no concern about gelation even if a large amount of injection solution is prepared and placed, and a large amount of injection solution is sent over a long period of time. After being injected into the ground, the gel is reliably gelled, and the viscosity is small and the stickiness is low, so the silica gel is not clogged in the return device, orifice, throttle valve, etc. It is extremely excellent as. Suspending injectable liquids such as cement and slag are also suitable for the present invention because they are less likely to be clogged by using the apparatus having the throttle portion shown in FIGS. In addition, as shown in FIG. 17, the present invention apparatus is used in a plurality of sets, and each of the main material and the reactant is separately fed through the branch pipe and merged in the injection pipe line, or discharged into the ground, If it is made to react in the ground, all the injection material can be injected.
[0090]
a) An injection solution mainly composed of a silica solution having a silica concentration of 0.1 to 8% by weight obtained by removing a part of alkali in water glass or an ion exchange resin or ion exchange membrane. Or the injection liquid which adds water glass, an acid, a salt, etc. to this further.
[0091]
b) An injection solution mainly composed of a silica solution having a non-alkali region silica concentration of 0.1 to 8% by weight obtained by neutralizing the alkali of water glass with an acid. Alternatively, an injection solution obtained by further removing all or part of metal ions or acid radicals in the injection solution with an ion exchange resin or an ion exchange membrane.
[0092]
c) An injection liquid mainly composed of colloidal silica obtained by removing alkali from water glass by ion exchange and granulating the obtained silica.
[0093]
d) An injection solution mainly composed of a silica solution obtained by adding water glass and / or colloidal silica to a silica solution obtained by removing alkali from water glass.
[0094]
e) An injection solution mainly composed of a silica solution obtained by mixing water glass, colloidal silica, and a reactant.
[0095]
f) Suspension injection liquid containing cement and clay as active ingredients.
[0096]
g) Slag, especially specific surface area 8000cm ² / g fine particle slag and alkali (cement, slaked lime, water glass, caustic alkali, sodium aluminate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, etc., alkaline salts, etc.).
[0097]
h) An injection solution in which a water glass aqueous solution and a polyvalent metal compound are separately injected into the ground from separate injection solution feeding systems and reacted in the ground.
[0098]
i) An infusion solution in which a water glass aqueous solution and a reactant aqueous solution are fed by separate infusion solution feeding systems, merged, and injected into the ground.
[0099]
Among the above, the injection solutions a) to e) have a low viscosity and have a long gel time, so that the gel does not adhere to the throttle portion. Furthermore, since it can be set to a gelling time of several tens of hours, even if the injection solution is returned, there is no concern of thickening and gelation until the injection is completed.
[0100]
The following is a specific explanation.
(1) Mixing water glass with sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid, or adding aluminum salt such as aluminum sulfate or aluminum chloride, pH 0.5-7, SiO ₂ A silica aqueous solution having a concentration of 0.1 to 8% by weight is produced. Such a silica solution can be adjusted to a gelation time of 1 hour to several tens of hours, can maintain a low viscosity of 1.1 to 3.0 cps / 20 ° C. until just before the gelation, and further has a strength as a standard for consolidation. 1-8kgf / cm in sand ² Uniaxial compressive strength. Therefore, even if these injection solutions are injected while returning for several hours, the injection device of the present invention can operate normally, so it can be said that the injection solution is extremely excellent and suitable for the device of the present invention.
[0101]
(2) Water glass is treated with an ion exchange resin or ion exchange membrane, and the active silicic acid aqueous solution obtained by removing alkali is heated to stabilize the molecular weight to tens of thousands or more, and then to SiO. ₂ The content is concentrated to 20 to 30%, and the pH value is stabilized to about 9 to 10 to produce colloidal silica.
[0102]
This colloidal silica solution is diluted to make SiO ₂ A silica solution having a content of about 0.1 to 20% is used. After adding medium properties such as NaCl and KCl to adjust the gelation time to tens of hours, the solution is injected into the ground.
[0103]
Here, using the apparatus according to the present invention shown in FIG. 17 and FIG. 18, an aqueous solution containing water glass as the active ingredient as the A liquid, and an alkaline earth metal chloride such as calcium chloride and magnesium chloride as the B liquid, An aqueous solution containing a polyvalent metal chloride such as aluminum as an active ingredient was injected into the ground 3 through different conduits 6 as follows, and the A and B liquids were reacted in the ground 3 to solidify the ground 3.
[0104]
(1) After injecting A liquid, inject B liquid.
(2) After injecting B liquid, inject A liquid.
(3) Inject A liquid and B liquid alternately.
(4) Inject A liquid and B liquid simultaneously.
[0105]
In the above description, the flow rate signal or pressure signal detected by the flow

rate pressure detectors

8 and 9 of the conduit 6 is transmitted to the central control device X1, and the injection status of the

conduits

6, 6,. The injection status is displayed on the injection monitoring board X2 to perform collective monitoring and injection management. At this time, specifications are set for the flow rate range, pressure range and / or integrated flow rate range in the centralized management device X1, and both A and B liquids are separately injected into the ground and repeatedly injected until one of the following phenomena occurs: To do.
[0106]
(1) Injection reaches a predetermined pressure range or injection amount.
(2) The injection pressure rises and injection becomes difficult, or the injection pressure reaches the set limit.
(3) Ground uplift occurs or the ground uplift reaches the set limit.
[0107]
Alkaline earth metal chlorides and polyvalent metal chlorides as the B liquid react with the water glass grout to form precipitates instantaneously. This precipitate releases moisture by pressurization and is compressed into a firm gelled product.
[0108]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the ground injection liquid is injected into the ground through one or a plurality of injection pipes installed in the ground, and when the ground is consolidated, the injection liquid is applied to pressurize the injection liquid. A pressure unit, one or a plurality of conduits connected to the injection solution pressurizing unit, and sending the injection solution pressurized by the pressurization unit to the one or more injection conduits, respectively, and the conduits A pressure gauge and / or a flow meter provided in each of the throttle portions and the branch pipes downstream thereof, and a throttle portion connected to the pressure gauge and / or flow meter to receive information from them The ground injection is performed by using a ground injection device provided with a control device that is connected to the control device and gives an instruction to the diaphragm adjusting device based on the information.
[0109]
Therefore, when injecting the injection liquid from the injection liquid pressurizing section through the conduit and into the ground from the injection conduit, this injection is performed while giving the throttle instruction to the throttle section, and the liquid pressure in the conduit is set to a desired pressure. Can hold on.
[0110]
Therefore, while maintaining the discharge amount and / or discharge pressure of the infusion solution fed from each conduit to the infusion line in a desired range, even if any of the plurality of conduits stops infusion, the remaining branches The discharge amount and / or discharge pressure of the pipe is maintained in a desired range.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flow sheet of a specific example of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the resistance pressure P and the flow rate f from the orifice when the orifice diameter is 2.0 mm, for each hydraulic pressure.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the resistance pressure P and the flow rate f from the orifice when the orifice diameter is 2.5 mm, for each hydraulic pressure.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an injection liquid pressurizing unit and another specific example according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flow sheet of a modification of the ground injection device according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a specific example of a flow control valve used as a throttle portion of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a modified example of the flow control valve used in the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a specific example of an infusate return system used in the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of another specific example of the throttle unit according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of still another type of the aperture according to the present invention.
11 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an operation state of the aperture portion of FIG.
12 is a partial cross-sectional view of a modified example of the throttle part of FIG. 10;
13 is a partial cross-sectional view of still another modified example of the aperture portion of FIG.
FIG. 14 is a flow sheet of another specific example of the ground injection device according to the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a flow sheet of still another specific example of the ground injection device according to the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a flow sheet of still another specific example of the ground injection device according to the present invention.
FIG. 17 is a flowchart of a specific example of the device of the present invention connected to the central management unit.
FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram specifically showing the apparatus of FIG. 17;
FIG. 19 is an operation flowchart of the centralized management apparatus X1.
20 is a screen showing data for the 10 liquid delivery systems in FIG.
FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of a state in which an injection pipe according to one specific example of the present invention is embedded in the ground.
FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of another specific example of the injection conduit according to the present invention embedded in the ground.
FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of a state in which an injection pipe according to still another specific example of the present invention is embedded in the ground.
[Explanation of symbols]
A Ground injection device
B Flow control valve
C Flow control valve
X Central Management Department
X1 Centralized management device
X2 injection monitoring board
X3 daily report creation device
X4 printer
X5 construction display panel
1 Injection liquid pressurizing part
1a Inverter
2 Infusion lines
2a Double pipe double packer injection line
3 ground
3a Ground wall
4 Injection tank
5 Ground injection solution
6 conduit
6a conduit
7 Aperture
8 Branch pressure gauge
9 Branch flow meter
10 Flow pressure controller
11 Dispensing device
12 Connecting part
13 Liquid delivery system
14 Pump
15 Valve body
16 Entrance passage
17 Exit passage
18 Balance piston
19 Spring
20 entrance
21 Exit
22 Introduction
23 Outlet
24 screws
25 Syaft
26 Reversible motor
27 Hard pieces
28 Gearbox
29 Stop valve
30 lamp
31 Start switch
32 tubules
32a Narrow tube outlet
33 Discharge port
34 Drilling
35 Sleeve grout
36 bag packer
36a Packer
37 bands
38 space
39 Inner pipe
39a Inner pipe outlet
40 outer pipe
40a Outer pipe outlet
41 Rubber sleeve

Claims

In a ground injection device for injecting the ground injection solution into the ground through a plurality of injection pipes installed in the ground and solidifying the ground, an injection solution pressurizing unit that pressurizes the injection solution to a predetermined pressure; A ground injection device comprising a conduit communicating with the injection liquid pressurizing unit and supplying the injection liquid to the injection conduit, and a constriction provided in the conduit.

The ground injection device according to claim 1, wherein the injection liquid pressurizing unit includes a return device and / or an inverter having a function of controlling the flow rate and pressure of the ground injection liquid.

2. The pressure gauge and / or flow meter is further provided in the conduit downstream of the throttle portion, and the throttle portion adjusts the throttle based on information from the pressure gauge and / or flow meter. The ground injection device according to claim 1, wherein the discharge amount and / or discharge pressure of the injection liquid fed from the conduit to the injection pipeline is adjusted.

The ground injection device according to claim 1, wherein the throttle portion is an orifice or a flow control valve having a flow area set to a predetermined value.

2. The throttle unit according to claim 1, comprising a reversible motor and a shaft that is connected to the reversible motor and moves up and down by operation of the motor, and the shaft is inserted into the conduit of the conduit from the tip to move up and down. The ground injection device according to claim 1, wherein the restriction of the cross-section of the conduit pipe line is adjusted by adjusting the restriction.

2. The ground injection device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of conduits are branched from a distribution device communicating with the injection liquid pressurizing unit.

In a ground injection device for injecting ground injection solution into the ground through a plurality of injection pipes installed in the ground, and consolidating the ground, an injection solution pressurizing unit for pressurizing the injection solution, and this injection solution A part or all of which is communicated to the pressurizing unit and sends the infusion to the infusion line is formed by a flexible or elastic conduit, and a flexible or elastic part of the conduit; A throttle part that adjusts the throttle of the cross-section of the conduit line by pressing or loosely pressing the conduit, and the throttle part adjusts the throttle so that the injection solution is fed from the conduit to the injection line. A ground injection device characterized by adjusting a discharge amount and / or a discharge pressure of the water.

8. The ground injection device according to claim 7, wherein the injection liquid pressurizing unit includes a return device and / or an inverter having a function of controlling the flow rate and pressure of the ground injection liquid.

8. The throttle unit according to claim 7, further comprising a reversible motor and a shaft that is connected to the reversible motor and moves up and down by the operation of the motor, and one of the pair of hard pieces is flexible or elastic. It is attached to the shaft so as to be close to or in contact with the conduit, and the other is disposed at a position facing the one hard piece across the flexible or elastic conduit, and the flexibility or The ground injection device according to claim 7, wherein the elastic conduit is sandwiched between the pair of hard pieces and pressed or loosely pressed.

8. A pressure gauge and / or a flow meter is provided in a conduit downstream of the throttle portion according to claim 7, and the throttle portion operates a reversible motor based on information from the pressure gauge and / or flow meter. The ground injection device according to claim 7, wherein the shaft is moved up and down to press or loosely press the flexible pliable elastic conduit.

8. The control device according to claim 7, further comprising a control device, which is connected to a pressure gauge and / or a flow meter to receive these information, and is connected to the throttle portion to give an instruction to the throttle portion based on the information. The throttling is adjusted to adjust the pressure and / or flow rate according to the situation in each of the injection pipes so that the injection liquid being sent is sent from the conduit to the injection pipe. Ground injection device.

In Claim 7, the conduit leading to the throttle part is provided with an infusion solution return device, which adjusts the return amount based on information from the flow meter and / or pressure gauge, The ground injection device according to claim 7, wherein the injection solution is supplied to the conduit while maintaining the injection solution at a desired pressure.

12. The control device according to claim 11, further connected to an injection liquid pressurizing unit, giving instructions to the injection liquid pressurizing unit based on information from the flow meter and / or pressure gauge, and adjusting a pressurized state of the ground injection liquid The ground injection device according to claim 11, wherein the ground injection device is provided.

8. The ground injection device according to claim 7, wherein the conduit is branched from one or more distribution devices communicating with the injection liquid pressurizing unit.

In the ground injection method for injecting the ground injection solution into the ground through a plurality of injection pipes installed in the ground and consolidating the ground, an injection solution pressurizing unit for pressurizing the injection solution, and the injection solution A conduit that communicates with the pressurizing unit and feeds the injected solution to the injection conduit; a pressure gauge and / or a flow meter that is provided in the throttling unit provided in the conduit and a downstream side of the throttle unit; A ground injecting method comprising injecting the injecting solution from an injection pressurizing unit into the ground through a conduit and an injecting conduit.

16. The ground injection device according to claim 15, wherein the injection liquid pressurizing unit includes a return device and / or an inverter having a function of controlling the flow rate and pressure of the ground injection liquid, and the pressure until the injection liquid reaches the throttle unit is set to a predetermined value. The ground injection construction method according to claim 15, wherein the discharge amount of the ground injection liquid that passes through the throttle portion is adjusted by adjusting.

The ground injection method according to claim 15, wherein the throttle portion is an orifice or a flow control valve.

16. The ground injection device according to claim 15, further comprising a control device, which is connected to the pressure gauge and / or the flow meter to receive information from them, and is connected to a throttling portion, based on the information. When giving instructions to the throttle part and injecting the injection liquid into the ground from the injection pressurizing part through the conduit and the injection conduit, the injection is performed while giving instructions for the throttle to the throttle part, thereby adjusting the throttle. The ground injection method according to claim 15, wherein the discharge amount and / or discharge pressure of the injection liquid fed from the conduit to the injection pipe line is adjusted according to the injection situation in the injection pipe line.

16. The throttle unit according to claim 15, comprising a reversible motor and a shaft that is connected to the reversible motor and moves up and down by the operation of the motor. The shaft is inserted into the conduit of the conduit from the tip, and moved up and down. The ground injection construction method according to claim 15, wherein the restriction of the cross section of the conduit pipe line is adjusted by adjusting the restriction.

In claim 15, the ground injection liquid (a) injection liquid mainly composed of a silica solution obtained by removing a part or all of the alkali in the water glass,
(B) an injection solution mainly composed of a non-alkaline silica solution obtained by neutralizing the alkali of water glass with an acid;
(C) an injection liquid mainly composed of colloidal silica;
(D) an injection liquid mainly composed of a silica solution obtained by adding water glass and / or colloidal silica to a silica solution obtained by removing part or all of the alkali of the water glass;
(E) An injection liquid mainly composed of a silica solution obtained by mixing water glass, colloidal silica, and a reactant. ,
(F) Suspending infusion liquid containing cement and / or viscosity as active ingredients,
(G) Suspension injection liquid containing slag and alkali as active ingredients,
(H) An injection solution in which a water glass aqueous solution and a polyvalent metal compound are separately injected into the ground from separate injection solution feeding systems and reacted in the ground,
(I) A water glass aqueous solution and a reactant aqueous solution are fed by separate infusion liquid feeding systems, merged, and injected into the ground,
The ground injection method according to claim 15, which is selected from the group consisting of:

In the ground injection method for injecting the ground injection solution into the ground through a plurality of injection pipes installed in the ground and consolidating the ground, an injection solution pressurizing unit for pressurizing the injection solution, and the injection solution A conduit that is communicated with the pressurizing section and that delivers the infusion solution to the infusion line, a part or all of which is made of a flexible or elastic conduit, and a flexible or elastic portion of the conduit. , Using a ground injection device having a throttling portion for adjusting the throttling of the ground injection liquid by pressing or loosely pressing this conduit, and injecting the injection liquid from the injection liquid pressurizing section into the ground through the conduit and the injection pipe In this case, the flexible or elastic conduit is pressed or loosely pressed by the constricted portion, whereby the discharge amount and / or discharge pressure of the injection solution fed from the conduit to the injection conduit is controlled by the injection conduit. Depending on the situation Ground grouting method, characterized by.

23. A flowmeter and / or a pressure gauge is further provided in a conduit downstream of the throttle portion, and an instruction is given to the throttle portion based on information from the flow meter and / or pressure gauge to make the reversible The ground injection method according to claim 21, wherein a motor is operated and the shaft is vibrated up and down to press or loosely press the flexible or elastic conduit.

22. The ground injection device further comprising a control device according to claim 21, wherein the control device is connected to the pressure gauge and / or flow meter and connected to the throttle part, and information from the pressure gauge and / or flow meter is obtained. 23. The ground injection method according to claim 21, wherein an instruction is given to the throttle unit based on this information, and injection is performed while giving this instruction.

23. The injection liquid pressurizing unit according to claim 21, further comprising an injection liquid return device and / or an inverter having a flow rate pressure adjusting function, and adjusting a pressure until the injection liquid reaches the throttle unit to a predetermined value. The ground injection method according to claim 21, wherein the discharge amount of the injection liquid that passes through the throttle portion is adjusted by the step.

The ground injection construction method according to claim 21, wherein the liquid is fed through a plurality of conduits through a plurality of injection pipes .

26. The ground injection construction method according to claim 25, wherein the plurality of conduits are branched from a distribution device communicating with the injection liquid pressurizing unit.

In Claim 21, the ground injection liquid (a) injection liquid mainly composed of a silica solution obtained by removing a part or all of the alkali in the water glass,
(B) an injection solution mainly composed of a non-alkaline silica solution obtained by neutralizing the alkali of water glass with an acid;
(C) an injection liquid mainly composed of colloidal silica;
(D) an injection liquid mainly composed of a silica solution obtained by adding water glass and / or colloidal silica to a silica solution obtained by removing part or all of the alkali of the water glass;
(E) An injection liquid mainly composed of a silica solution obtained by mixing water glass, colloidal silica, and a reactant. ,
(F) Suspending infusion liquid containing cement and / or viscosity as active ingredients,
(G) Suspension injection liquid containing slag and alkali as active ingredients,
(H) An injection solution in which a water glass aqueous solution and a polyvalent metal compound are separately injected into the ground from separate injection solution feeding systems and reacted in the ground,
(I) A water glass aqueous solution and a reactant aqueous solution are fed by separate infusion liquid feeding systems, merged, and injected into the ground,
The ground injection method according to claim 21, wherein the ground injection method is selected from the group consisting of: