JP3754676B2 - Citrus float skin prevention method and inhibitor - Google Patents
Citrus float skin prevention method and inhibitor Download PDFInfo
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- JP3754676B2 JP3754676B2 JP2003093628A JP2003093628A JP3754676B2 JP 3754676 B2 JP3754676 B2 JP 3754676B2 JP 2003093628 A JP2003093628 A JP 2003093628A JP 2003093628 A JP2003093628 A JP 2003093628A JP 3754676 B2 JP3754676 B2 JP 3754676B2
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- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 title claims description 8
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 39
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- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
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- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 241001672694 Citrus reticulata Species 0.000 description 2
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Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、柑橘類の浮き皮防止用剤、該剤を用いた浮き皮防止法、及び該剤を散布することを含む柑橘類果実の生産方法に関する。具体的には、多孔質粉体を含む固形剤、その固形剤を水で希釈した液剤、これらの剤を用いた浮き皮防止法及び果実生産方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
通常、温州ミカンといった柑橘類の果実では果皮とじょう嚢とが密着しているが、両者が剥離して間隙が生じることがある。この現象は浮き皮と呼ばれ、果実の成熟を妨げるだけでなく果実の商品価値を著しく損なうため、その防止法が求められている。
【０００３】
浮き皮が起こる原因は必ずしも明確ではないが、生育期及び収穫期での降雨量が多いと生じやすいため、果実が過剰に摂取した水分が原因の一つに挙げられる。つまり、浮き皮発生の機構として以下のスキームを推定することができる。まず、降雨量が多いと土壌から根を通じた水分吸収量が増大し、幹や枝を経て果実に供給され、じょう嚢の内圧又は膨圧が増大し、それに応じて果皮も肥大生長する。その後、雨が止み乾燥してくると、じょう嚢の内圧又は膨圧は低下して収縮する。その一方、果皮の収縮率はじょう嚢より小さいため、両者の剥離がおきて浮き皮が生じる。
【０００４】
従来、浮き皮を防止する方法としては、カルシウム剤を散布する方法が用いられてきた（例えば、特許文献１参照）。この方法は果樹に吸収されたカルシウムがペクチン酸カルシウムとなって細胞壁を構成することを利用しており、細胞間の結合を強化することによって果皮及びじょう嚢間の剥離を防いでいる。
【０００５】
しかし、使用されるカルシウム剤は化学的に合成されたものであるため、環境への影響が懸念され、残留して摂取された場合の人体への影響も問題となる。さらにカルシウム剤を散布する方法では、吸収から細胞壁の形成をへて果皮及びじょう嚢間の結合強化に至るまでに時間を要するため、即効性のある効果が得られにくいという問題がある。それに加え、カルシウム剤は価格的に必ずしも経済的なものではないという問題があった。
【０００６】
【特許文献１】
特開平７−１２６０９０号公報
【０００７】
【本発明が解決使用とする課題】
本発明の目的は、上記のように環境や人体への影響、効果発現までの時間、及び価格といった面で問題のあった従来の浮き皮防止剤及び防止法に代え、安全で安価であり迅速な効果が得られる浮き皮防止剤、それを用いた浮き皮防止法、及び果実生産方法を提供することにある。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記実状に鑑み、本発明者は鋭意研究を進めた結果、多孔質粉体を柑橘類の果実及び／又は葉面に散布して降雨後の水分蒸散を促進することにより浮き皮を防止できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。本発明では果実及び／又は葉面に散布された多孔質粉末が水分の蒸散を促進するため、降雨後にじょう嚢が過剰に水分を吸収して膨張することを抑制し、安全かつ経済的に浮き皮の発生を防止することができる。
【０００９】
即ち本発明の要旨は、多孔質粉体を含む柑橘類の浮き皮防止用固形剤にある。多孔質粉体に含有されるＳｉ及びＡｌの量をそれぞれＳｉＯ2及びＡｌ2Ｏ3の量に換算した場合、
（換算ＳｉＯ2重量＋換算Ａｌ2Ｏ3重量）／（多孔質粉体の重量）
で表される重量比が５０％以上にすることができる。多孔質粉体について、ゼオライト、モンモリロナイト、珪藻土、シリカゲル、ベントナイト、孔質アルミナ、カオリナイト、タルク、白土、アタパルジャイト、パーミキュライト、セライト、及びハイドロタルサイトからなる群より選択される１種以上とすることができる。さらに、該固形剤を水で希釈して液剤とすることができる。
【００１０】
また本発明の要旨は、上記の剤を柑橘類の果実及び／又は葉面に散布することを含む浮き皮防止法及び果実生産方法にも存する。さらに、水分の蒸散を促進する剤を柑橘類の果実及び／又は葉面に散布することを含む浮き皮防止法にも存する。
【００１１】
本発明の対象となる果実としては、温州ミカン、不知火、ポンカン、伊予柑、オレンジ、及びはるみが挙げられる。
【００１２】
【発明の実施の態様】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明では、果実及び／又は葉面に剤を散布して水分蒸散を促進することにより、浮き皮を防止することができる。
【００１３】
本発明において浮き皮を防止できる理由は必ずしも明確ではないが、高比表面積の多孔質粉末が果実及び／又は葉面に付着して水分蒸散を促進する結果、本発明の有利な効果が得られていると推定される。つまり、水分蒸散の促進によって降雨後のじょう嚢の膨張を抑制し、それに伴って果皮の肥大生長をも抑制する結果、その後の乾燥過程でじょう嚢が果皮よりも収縮して剥離することを防いでいると考えられる。
【００１４】
散布する剤としては、水分蒸散を促進するという観点から、比表面積の大きい多孔質の粉体が好ましい。使用される粉体の比表面積としては、５０ｍ2／ｇ以上、好ましくは１００ｍ2／ｇ、さらに好ましくは１５０ｍ2／ｇである。また、１００００ｍ2／ｇ、好ましくは５０００ｍ2／ｇ、さらに好ましくは２０００ｍ2／ｇ以下である。比表面積が小さすぎると本発明の効果が得られず、大きすぎると嵩密度が小さくなり取り扱いが難しくなる。なお上記の比表面積は、ＢＥＴ法により窒素吸着を用いて測定される比表面積の値である。
【００１５】
該粉末の平均粒径としては、０．１μｍ以上、好ましくは０．５μｍ以上であり、また２０μｍ以下、好ましくは１０μｍ以下である。細かすぎると取り扱いに問題が生じ、粗すぎると本発明の効果が得られにくい。
【００１６】
使用する多孔質材料としては、安全性及び価格の面からＳｉ及び／又はＡｌを主成分とする材料を用いることができる。Ｓｉ及び／又はＡｌの含有量としては、
（換算ＳｉＯ2重量＋換算Ａｌ2Ｏ3重量）／（多孔質粉体の重量）
で表される割合が２０重量％以上、好ましくは５０重量％以上である。ここで換算ＳｉＯ2重量とは、多孔質材料中のＳｉが全てＳｉＯ2として存在したと仮定した場合のＳｉＯ2の重量を指す。換算Ａｌ2Ｏ3重量とは、多孔質材料中のＡｌが全てＡｌ2Ｏ3として存在したと仮定した場合のＡｌ2Ｏ3の重量を指す。Ｓｉ／Ａｌ比に特に制限はなく、各種の粉体を利用することができる。
【００１７】
Ｓｉ及びＡｌ以外の含有元素としては、本発明の効果が得られれば特に制限はないが、例えばＮａ及びＫといったアルカリ金属、Ｍｇ、Ｃａといったアルカリ土類金属、Ｔｉといった遷移金属、炭素、及びリンが挙げられる。
【００１８】
使用できる多孔質材料として特に制限はないが、例えばゼオライト、モンモリロナイト、珪藻土、シリカゲル、ベントナイト、孔質アルミナ、カオリナイト、タルク、白土、アタパルジャイト、パーミキュライト、セライト、及びハイドロタルサイトからなる群から選択される１種以上を用いることができる。これらの中でも、ゼオライト、モンモリロナイト、珪藻土、シリカゲルからなる群から選択される１種以上を用いることが好ましい。また、植物性の粉体、例えば木質粉、籾殻、オガクズ等を使用することもできる。
【００１９】
ゼオライトを使用する場合、その種類に特に制限はなく、Ｘ型、Ｙ型、Ａ型、モルデナイト、ＺＳＭ−５等の各種のゼオライトを使用することができ、一部をＴｉなどの遷移金属で置換することもできる。また、Ｈ+がＮａ+やＫ+といったカチオンで交換された材料を使用することもできる。さらに、アルミノリン酸塩（ＡＬＰＯ）やシリカアルミノリン酸塩（ＳＡＰＯ）といったゼオライト類縁体も用いることができる。
【００２０】
モンモリロナイトとしては各種の置換体及び付加体を使用することができる。例えば、マグネシアンモンモリロナイト、鉄モンモリロナイト、鉄マグネシアンモンモリロナイト、バイデライト、ノントロン石、サポー石、ヘクトライト、及びソーコナイトである。モンモリロナイト中のカチオンとしてはＫ+、Ｎａ+、及びＣａ2+が挙げられるが、Ｃａ2+が含有されていると、ペクチン酸カルシウムの生成による浮き皮防止効果も併せて得ることができる。また、モンモリロナイト以外の各種の粘土鉱物も使用することができる。
【００２１】
多孔質材料の細孔構造に特に制限はなく、均一な細孔構造を有するマイクロポーラス及びメソポーラス材料であってもよく、シリカゲルといったアモルファス状の材料であってもよい。また、ゼオライトといった１次元、２次元、又は３次元のチャンネルを持つ材料であってもよく、モンモリロナイトといった層状構造の材料であってもよい。
【００２２】
本発明の多孔質粉末としては、天然鉱物由来の粉末も合成品由来の粉末も使用することができる。経済的な観点からは、ゼオライト、モンモリロナイト、及び珪藻土については天然鉱物由来が好ましいが、合成ゼオライトを用いることもできる。シリカゲルについては、入手の容易さや性能面から合成品が好ましい。
【００２３】
本発明で使用する多孔質粉体は、各種の材料を従来公知の方法で粉砕することによって得ることができる。例えば、乾式粉砕ではボールミルやジェットミルを使用することができ、湿式粉砕ではダイノーミルを使用することができる。また、市販の粉砕粉末を使用することもできる。
【００２４】
本発明の固形剤を直接果実及び／又は葉面に散布することもできるが、取り扱いの容易さや散布時の均一性を考慮すると、水で希釈した液剤として散布することが好ましい。多孔質粉末の量は水の０．０５重量％以上、好ましくは０．１重量％以上であり、３重量％以下、好ましくは０．５重量％以下である。量が多すぎると懸濁させることが難しくなり、少なすぎると本発明の効果が得られにくい。複数の種類の多孔質粉末を併せて使用する場合には、それぞれの種類の多孔質粉末が上記の範囲にあることが好ましい。
【００２５】
本発明の固形剤又は液剤を散布する時期及び回数は、該剤の濃度や対象とする柑橘類にも依存するが、温州ミカンでは夏から秋の果実肥大期、具体的には８月下旬から１１月下旬に、好ましくは着色初期から着色６分期頃までに２〜３回に分けて散布することができる。特に、降雨後に散布すると効果的である。
【００２６】
本発明で散布の対象となる柑橘類としては、浮き皮が起こりやすく被害が重大な温州ミカン、不知火、ポンカン、伊予柑、オレンジ、及びはるみが挙げられるが、その他の柑橘類についても使用することができる。
【００２７】
本発明の浮き皮防止剤は、従来の剤とは異なりカルシウムの吸収によって作用するものではなく、果実や葉面に直接付着して効果を奏するものであるため、散布直後から目的の効果が得られるという利点がある。また、その他の農薬や本発明以外の浮き皮防止剤と併用することもできる。
【００２８】
【実施例】
以下実施例により、本発明をより詳細に説明するが、本発明が以下の実施例によって限定されるものではない。
＜実施例１＞
ゼオライト粉末（日東粉化工業社製：粒子径1.92μ、福島県飯坂町産鉱石使用）、モンモリロナイト粉末（ソフトシリカ社製：粒子径2.0μ、秋田県産の鉱石使用）、ケイソウ土粉末（クニミネ工業社製：粒子径2.0μ、福島県産の鉱石使用）、及びシリカゲル粉末（粒子径2.0μ、市販のシリカゲルを粉砕し粒度径2.0μとした）について、各々を水で希釈して浮き皮防止剤４種類を調製した。なお、上記粉末の量は水に対して0.14重量％とした。これらの剤を蛍尻期及び6分着色期の2回に分けて散布した。10ａあたりの散布に使用した量は、何れの粉末についても0.7 kg（水500 L）である。結果を以下の表に示す。
【００２９】
【表１】
【００３０】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、多孔質粉体を含む柑橘類の浮き皮防止用固形剤、及び該固形剤を水で希釈した液剤を提供する。該浮き皮防止剤によれば、果実及び／又は葉面からの水分蒸散を促進することにより、浮き皮の発生を安全かつ経済的に防止することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an agent for preventing citrus float skin, a method for preventing float skin using the agent, and a method for producing citrus fruit comprising spraying the agent. Specifically, the present invention relates to a solid agent containing porous powder, a liquid agent obtained by diluting the solid agent with water, a float skin prevention method and a fruit production method using these agents.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Usually, in citrus fruits such as Satsuma mandarin, the pericarp and the fungus are in close contact with each other, but they may be separated to form a gap. This phenomenon is called floating skin, and not only hinders fruit ripening but also significantly impairs the commercial value of the fruit.
[0003]
The cause of floating skin is not always clear, but it is likely to occur when there is a lot of rainfall during the growing season and harvesting season. In other words, the following scheme can be estimated as a mechanism for generating the floating skin. First, when there is a lot of rainfall, the amount of water absorbed through the roots from the soil increases and is supplied to the fruit through the trunk and branches, increasing the internal pressure or bulging pressure of the fungus, and the pericarp grows accordingly. After that, when the rain stops and dry, the internal pressure or bulging pressure of the bladder decreases and contracts. On the other hand, the shrinkage rate of the pericarp is smaller than that of the sacs.
[0004]
Conventionally, a method of spraying a calcium agent has been used as a method for preventing floating skin (see, for example, Patent Document 1). This method utilizes the fact that calcium absorbed in the fruit tree becomes calcium pectate and constitutes the cell wall, and prevents peeling between the skin and the sac by strengthening the bonding between cells.
[0005]
However, since the calcium agent used is chemically synthesized, there is a concern about the influence on the environment, and the influence on the human body when ingested in a residual manner is also a problem. Furthermore, the method of spraying a calcium agent has a problem that it is difficult to obtain an immediate effect because it takes time from absorption to formation of a cell wall to strengthening the bond between the pericarp and the sac. In addition, there is a problem that the calcium agent is not necessarily economical in price.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-126090
[Problems to be solved by the present invention]
The object of the present invention is to replace the conventional anti-floating skin preventive agent and prevention method, which are problematic in terms of the influence on the environment and the human body, the time until the effect is exerted, and the price as described above, and is safe, inexpensive and quick. An object of the present invention is to provide an anti-floating agent capable of obtaining various effects, a non-floating skin prevention method using the same, and a fruit production method.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In view of the above situation, the present inventor has conducted extensive research and found that it is possible to prevent floating skin by spreading porous powder on citrus fruits and / or leaves to promote moisture transpiration after rainfall. The present invention has been completed. In the present invention, since the porous powder sprayed on the fruit and / or leaf surface promotes the transpiration of moisture, the fungus sac is prevented from excessively absorbing moisture after raining and is expanded safely and economically. Generation of skin can be prevented.
[0009]
That is, the gist of the present invention resides in a solid agent for preventing citrus floating skin containing porous powder. When the amount of Si and Al contained in the porous powder is converted into the amount of SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 , respectively,
(Converted SiO 2 weight + converted Al 2 O 3 weight) / (weight of porous powder)
The weight ratio represented by can be 50% or more. The porous powder should be at least one selected from the group consisting of zeolite, montmorillonite, diatomaceous earth, silica gel, bentonite, porous alumina, kaolinite, talc, white clay, attapulgite, permiculite, celite, and hydrotalcite. Can do. Further, the solid agent can be diluted with water to form a liquid agent.
[0010]
The gist of the present invention also resides in a method for preventing floating skin and a method for producing fruits, which include spraying the above-mentioned agent on citrus fruits and / or leaves. Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a method for preventing floating skin including spraying an agent for promoting moisture transpiration on citrus fruits and / or leaves.
[0011]
Examples of the fruit subject to the present invention include Satsuma mandarin, Shiranui, Ponkan, Iyokan, orange, and Harumi.
[0012]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
In the present invention, floating skin can be prevented by spraying the agent on the fruit and / or leaf surface to promote moisture transpiration.
[0013]
The reason why floating skin can be prevented in the present invention is not necessarily clear, but the advantageous effects of the present invention can be obtained as a result of porous powder having a high specific surface area adhering to the fruit and / or leaf surface to promote moisture evaporation. It is estimated that In other words, the promotion of moisture transpiration suppresses the expansion of the funnel sac after rain, which in turn suppresses the growth of the pericarp and prevents the carcass from shrinking and peeling off from the pericarp during the subsequent drying process. It is thought that
[0014]
As the agent to be dispersed, porous powder having a large specific surface area is preferable from the viewpoint of promoting moisture evaporation. The specific surface area of the powder used is 50 m 2 / g or more, preferably 100 m 2 / g, more preferably 150 m 2 / g. Further, 10000m 2 / g, preferably 5000 m 2 / g, more preferably not more than 2000 m 2 / g. If the specific surface area is too small, the effect of the present invention cannot be obtained, and if it is too large, the bulk density becomes small and handling becomes difficult. In addition, said specific surface area is a value of the specific surface area measured using nitrogen adsorption by BET method.
[0015]
The average particle size of the powder is 0.1 μm or more, preferably 0.5 μm or more, and 20 μm or less, preferably 10 μm or less. If it is too fine, a problem arises in handling, and if it is too coarse, it is difficult to obtain the effects of the present invention.
[0016]
As the porous material to be used, a material mainly composed of Si and / or Al can be used from the viewpoint of safety and price. As the content of Si and / or Al,
(Converted SiO 2 weight + converted Al 2 O 3 weight) / (weight of porous powder)
Is 20 wt% or more, preferably 50 wt% or more. Here, the terms SiO 2 weight refers to the weight of SiO 2 in the case of Si in the porous material is assumed that all was present as SiO 2. Convert Al 2 O 3 by weight and refers to the weight of the Al 2 O 3 on the assumption that Al porous material is present as all Al 2 O 3. There is no restriction | limiting in particular in Si / Al ratio, Various powder can be utilized.
[0017]
The contained elements other than Si and Al are not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention can be obtained. For example, alkali metals such as Na and K, alkaline earth metals such as Mg and Ca, transition metals such as Ti, carbon, and phosphorus Is mentioned.
[0018]
The porous material that can be used is not particularly limited, but is selected from the group consisting of zeolite, montmorillonite, diatomaceous earth, silica gel, bentonite, porous alumina, kaolinite, talc, white clay, attapulgite, permiculite, celite, and hydrotalcite. One or more can be used. Among these, it is preferable to use one or more selected from the group consisting of zeolite, montmorillonite, diatomaceous earth, and silica gel. In addition, vegetable powders such as wood powder, rice husks, sawdust, etc. can also be used.
[0019]
When using zeolite, the type is not particularly limited, and various types of zeolite such as X-type, Y-type, A-type, mordenite, and ZSM-5 can be used, and some of them are replaced with transition metals such as Ti. You can also A material in which H + is exchanged with a cation such as Na + or K + can also be used. Furthermore, zeolite analogues such as aluminophosphate (ALPO) and silica aluminophosphate (SAPO) can also be used.
[0020]
Various substitutes and adducts can be used as montmorillonite. For example, magnesia montmorillonite, iron montmorillonite, iron magnesia montmorillonite, beidellite, nontronite, supportite, hectorite, and soconite. Examples of cations in montmorillonite include K + , Na + , and Ca 2+, but when Ca 2+ is contained, a floating skin preventing effect due to the formation of calcium pectate can also be obtained. Various clay minerals other than montmorillonite can also be used.
[0021]
The pore structure of the porous material is not particularly limited, and may be a microporous or mesoporous material having a uniform pore structure, or may be an amorphous material such as silica gel. Further, it may be a material having a one-dimensional, two-dimensional or three-dimensional channel such as zeolite, or may be a layered material such as montmorillonite.
[0022]
As the porous powder of the present invention, a powder derived from a natural mineral or a powder derived from a synthetic product can be used. From an economic point of view, zeolite, montmorillonite, and diatomaceous earth are preferably derived from natural minerals, but synthetic zeolites can also be used. As for silica gel, a synthetic product is preferable from the viewpoint of availability and performance.
[0023]
The porous powder used in the present invention can be obtained by pulverizing various materials by a conventionally known method. For example, a ball mill or a jet mill can be used for dry pulverization, and a dyno mill can be used for wet pulverization. Commercially available pulverized powder can also be used.
[0024]
Although the solid preparation of the present invention can be directly applied to the fruit and / or leaf surface, it is preferable to apply as a liquid diluted with water in consideration of ease of handling and uniformity during application. The amount of the porous powder is 0.05% by weight or more of water, preferably 0.1% by weight or more, and 3% by weight or less, preferably 0.5% by weight or less. If the amount is too large, it is difficult to suspend, and if it is too small, the effect of the present invention is difficult to obtain. When a plurality of types of porous powders are used in combination, each type of porous powder is preferably in the above range.
[0025]
The timing and number of times of spraying the solid preparation or liquid preparation of the present invention depend on the concentration of the preparation and the target citrus, but in Wenzhou mandarin oranges, the fruit enlargement period from summer to autumn, specifically from late August to 11 At the end of the month, it can be sprayed in two to three times, preferably from the beginning of coloring to around the 6th minute of coloring. It is especially effective when sprayed after rainfall.
[0026]
Citrus fruits to be sprayed in the present invention include Unshu mandarin orange, Shiranui, Ponkan, Iyokan, orange, and Harumi, which are liable to cause floating skin, but can also be used for other citrus fruits. .
[0027]
Unlike the conventional agents, the anti-floating skin agent of the present invention does not act by absorption of calcium, but directly adheres to the fruit or leaf surface and exhibits an effect, so that the desired effect is obtained immediately after spraying. There is an advantage that Further, it can be used in combination with other agricultural chemicals or anti-floating agents other than the present invention.
[0028]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
<Example 1>
Zeolite powder (manufactured by Nitto Flour & Chemical Co., Ltd .: particle size 1.92μ, using ores from Iizaka-cho, Fukushima Prefecture), montmorillonite powder (manufactured by Soft Silica Corporation: particle size 2.0μ, using ores from Akita Prefecture), diatomaceous earth powder (Kunimine) Kogyo Co., Ltd .: particle size 2.0μ, using ore from Fukushima Prefecture) and silica gel powder (particle size 2.0μ, commercially available silica gel was pulverized to a particle size of 2.0μ), each diluted with water to float Four types of inhibitors were prepared. The amount of the powder was 0.14% by weight with respect to water. These agents were sprayed in two parts, the firefly butt period and the 6-minute coloring period. The amount used for spraying per 10a is 0.7 kg (500 L water) for any powder. The results are shown in the table below.
[0029]
[Table 1]
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention provides a solid agent for preventing citrus floating skin containing a porous powder, and a solution obtained by diluting the solid agent with water. According to the anti-floating agent, it is possible to safely and economically prevent the occurrence of floating skin by promoting moisture transpiration from the fruit and / or leaf surface.
Claims (8)
（換算ＳｉＯ2重量＋換算Ａｌ2Ｏ3重量）／（多孔質粉体の重量）
で表される重量比が５０％以上である、請求項１に記載の浮き皮防止用固形剤。When the amount of Si and Al contained in the porous powder is converted into the amount of SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 , respectively,
(Converted SiO 2 weight + converted Al 2 O 3 weight) / (weight of porous powder)
The solid agent for preventing floating skin according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio represented by the formula is 50% or more.
(a)(a) ゼオライト、モンモリロナイト、珪藻土、シリカゲル、孔質アルミナ、カオリナイト、白土、アタパルジャイト、パーミキュライト、セライト、及びハイドロタルサイトからなる群より選択される１種以上である多孔質粉体を含む、柑橘類の浮き皮防止用固形剤； Citrus float skin comprising at least one porous powder selected from the group consisting of zeolite, montmorillonite, diatomaceous earth, silica gel, porous alumina, kaolinite, white clay, attapulgite, permiculite, celite, and hydrotalcite Prevention solid agent;
(b)(b) 多孔質粉体に含有されるＳｉ及びＡｌの量をそれぞれＳｉＯ The amount of Si and Al contained in the porous powder is changed to SiO. 22 及びＡｌAnd Al 22 ＯO 3Three の量に換算した場合、When converted to the amount of
（換算ＳｉＯ(Conversion SiO 22 重量＋換算ＡｌWeight + conversion Al 22 ＯO 3Three 重量）／（多孔質粉体の重量）(Weight) / (weight of porous powder)
で表される重量比が５０％以上である、The weight ratio represented by is 50% or more, (a)(a) の浮き皮防止用固形剤；Solid agent for preventing skin floats;
(c)(c) (a)(a) 又はOr (b)(b) の浮き皮防止用固形剤を水で希釈した液剤；A solution obtained by diluting a solid agent for preventing skin lifting with water;
２）散布した2) Scattered (a)(a) 〜~ (c)(c) のいずれかにより、果実及び／又は葉面からの水分の蒸散を促進させることPromoting the transpiration of moisture from the fruit and / or leaves by either
を含む、柑橘類の浮き皮防止方法。A method for preventing citrus floats.
(a)(a) ゼオライト、モンモリロナイト、珪藻土、シリカゲル、孔質アルミナ、カオリナイト、白土、アタパルジャイト、パーミキュライト、セライト、及びハイドロタルサイトからなる群より選択される１種以上である多孔質粉体を含む、柑橘類の浮き皮防止用固形剤； Citrus float skin comprising at least one porous powder selected from the group consisting of zeolite, montmorillonite, diatomaceous earth, silica gel, porous alumina, kaolinite, white clay, attapulgite, permiculite, celite, and hydrotalcite Prevention solid agent;
(b)(b) 多孔質粉体に含有されるＳｉ及びＡｌの量をそれぞれＳｉＯ The amount of Si and Al contained in the porous powder is changed to SiO. 22 及びＡｌAnd Al 22 ＯO 3Three の量に換算した場合、When converted to the amount of
（換算ＳｉＯ(Conversion SiO 22 重量＋換算ＡｌWeight + conversion Al 22 ＯO 3Three 重量）／（多孔質粉体の重量）(Weight) / (weight of porous powder)
で表される重量比が５０％以上である、The weight ratio represented by is 50% or more, (a)(a) の浮き皮防止用固形剤；Solid agent for preventing skin floats;
(c)(c) (a)(a) 又はOr (b)(b) の浮き皮防止用固形剤を水で希釈した液剤；A solution obtained by diluting a solid agent for preventing skin lifting with water;
２）散布した2) Scattered (a)(a) 〜~ (c)(c) のいずれかにより、果実及び／又は葉面からの水分の蒸散を促進させることPromoting the transpiration of moisture from the fruit and / or leaves by either
を含む、柑橘類果実の生産方法。A method for producing citrus fruits, comprising:
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| JP2012087089A (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2012-05-10 | Shiraishi Calcium Kaisha Ltd | Spraying pharmaceutical composition for citrus fruits, and prevention method of rind puffing and water rot of citrus fruits |
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