JP3854489B2 - Crusher explosion-proof system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an improvement of a crusher explosion-proof system used, for example, in a crushing facility for crushing waste.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as this type of crusher explosion-proof system, for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 53-132011, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54-108062, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 56-34554 (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-8340), Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 56- No. 89898 (JP-B-58-13220), JP-A-58-81451, JP-A-59-130544 (JP-B-2-33421), JP-A-60-94154 (JP-B-5-39665) No. 63-152645 (No. 3-56258), No. 3-1-15433, No. 4-87645, No. 5-7793, No. 6-72639, etc. It has been known.
[0003]
Thus, in the conventional type, non-oxygen gas such as air (diluted gas), water vapor, water, inert gas, and combustion exhaust gas containing steam is blown into the crusher, and the oxygen concentration in the crusher is reduced by the explosion of the combustible gas. It is intended to keep out of limits and prevent explosions.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in any of the conventional devices, the supply source for supplying the non-oxygen gas can only generate the non-oxygen gas, and is dedicated to the so-called crusher explosion prevention.
For this reason, the conventional one has high total initial cost and running cost, and has not been able to exhibit the energy saving effect.
[0005]
The present invention was devised in view of the above-mentioned problems, and was devised to solve this problem. The problem is that the total initial cost and running cost are reduced and the energy saving effect is sufficient. The purpose is to provide a crusher explosion-proof system that can be used in the future.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The crusher explosion-proof system of the present invention basically includes a crusher that crushes waste, a gas turbine power generator that rotates a turbine by combustion gas and generates power by using the power, and a gas turbine power generator. The exhaust gas supply device for supplying the exhaust gas in the crusher to keep the oxygen concentration in the crusher outside the explosive limit of the combustible gas is characteristic.
[0007]
The exhaust gas from the gas turbine power generator is blown into the crusher by the exhaust gas supply device. At this time, since the oxygen concentration in the crusher is kept outside the explosion limit of the combustible gas by the exhaust gas supply device, the explosion is suppressed.
The electric power generated by the gas turbine power generator is used for the necessary power in the crushing facility.
The gas turbine power generator that supplies exhaust gas generates not only exhaust gas for explosion proofing of the crusher but also electric power, so the crushing facility can reduce total initial cost and running cost, and also save energy. Can be fully demonstrated.
[0008]
It is preferable to provide an oxygen concentration adjusting device that reduces the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas from the gas turbine power generator. In this way, even when the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas from the gas turbine power generator is high, it can be reduced, and the oxygen concentration in the crusher can be easily maintained outside the explosive limit of the combustible gas.
[0009]
It is preferable to provide a heat exchanger for exchanging heat from the exhaust gas from the gas turbine power generator. In this way, the heat of the exhaust gas from the gas turbine power generator can be used in the crushing facility, and the energy saving effect in the crushing facility can be further enhanced.
[0010]
It is preferable to provide a sealing device disposed on the inlet side and the outlet side of the crusher to prevent gas leakage. In this way, the oxygen concentration in the crusher can be easily kept outside the explosion limit of the combustible gas.
[0011]
It is preferable to provide a waste supply stop device that stops the supply of waste to the crusher when the oxygen concentration exceeds a set value. In this way, further increase in combustible gas can be prevented and explosion can be prevented.
[0012]
It is preferable to provide an exhaust gas circulation device for circulating exhaust gas from the inlet side to the outlet side of the crusher. If it does in this way, exhaust gas can be circulated using the airflow characteristic from the lower part to the upper part in a crusher, and the supply amount of exhaust gas can be reduced.
[0013]
The exhaust gas supply device is provided in the middle of the introduction path for connecting the gas turbine power generation device and the nozzle to inject the exhaust gas from the gas turbine power generation device into the crusher, and adjusts the supply amount of the exhaust gas. The oxygen concentration is determined based on the control valve, the oxygen concentration meter that detects the oxygen concentration in the crusher, the combustible gas detector that detects the combustible gas in the crusher, the signal from the oxygen concentration meter and the signal from the combustible gas detector. It is preferable to include a controller that controls the regulating valve so as to be equal to or lower than the set value. In this way, the exhaust gas from the gas turbine power generator can be efficiently supplied into the crusher.
[0014]
The waste supply stop device includes a supply conveyor for supplying waste, an oxygen concentration meter for detecting oxygen concentration in the crusher, a combustible gas detector for detecting combustible gas in the crusher, and a signal from the oxygen concentration meter. It is preferable to include a controller for stopping and controlling the supply conveyor when the oxygen concentration becomes a set value or more based on a signal from the combustible gas detector. In this way, since a part of the configuration of the exhaust gas supply device can be used, the structure can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.
[0015]
The exhaust gas circulation device includes a communication path that connects the inlet side and the outlet side of the crusher, and a blower that is provided in the middle of the communication path and that supplies exhaust gas from the inlet side to the outlet side of the crusher. Is preferred. In this way, the exhaust gas can be circulated efficiently with a simple configuration.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a crusher explosion-proof system according to the present invention.
[0017]
The crusher explosion-proof system 1 includes a crusher 2, a gas turbine power generation device 3, an exhaust gas supply device 4, an oxygen concentration adjustment device 5, a heat exchanger 6, a seal device 7, a waste supply stop device 8, and an exhaust gas circulation device 9. Its main part is configured and used in crushing facilities that crush waste.
[0018]
The crusher 2 crushes waste. In this example, the crusher 2 is of a horizontal axis rotating type, and a casing 12 having an inlet 10 and an outlet 11 formed on the top and bottom, and a casing 12 around the axis. The rotary shaft 13 is provided so as to be rotatable, and although not shown in the drawing, the rotary shaft 13 is provided with a rotary blade provided on the rotary shaft 13 and a fixed blade fixed to the casing 12. It is designed to be crushed by impact, shearing force and grinding action.
The inlet 10 of the crusher 2 is provided with a supply conveyor 14 such as an apron conveyor that supplies waste, and the outlet 11 of the crusher 2 discharges a vibrating conveyor or the like that discharges the crushed crushed material. A conveyor 15 is provided.
[0019]
The gas turbine power generation device 3 rotates a turbine according to combustion gas and generates power according to its power. In this example, the gas turbine 16 that rotates by the combustion gas to obtain a rotational force, and rotates according to the gas turbine 16. And a generator 17 that is driven to obtain electric power.
Although not shown, the gas turbine 16 is used for a compressor that compresses air, a combustor that injects fuel into high-pressure air from now on to generate high-pressure and high-temperature combustion gas, and expansion of the combustion gas from now on. And a turbine in which a rotational force is generated. The generator 17 is configured such that the electric power B generated thereby is used for an electric load (not shown) of the crushing facility.
[0020]
The exhaust gas supply device 4 supplies the exhaust gas A from the gas turbine power generation device 3 into the crusher 2 and keeps the oxygen concentration in the crusher 2 outside the explosion limit of the combustible gas. In this example, A nozzle 18 that injects the exhaust gas A from the gas turbine 16 of the gas turbine power generation device 3 into the crusher 2, an introduction path 19 that connects the gas turbine 16 and the nozzle 18 of the gas turbine power generation apparatus 3, An adjustment valve 20 provided in the middle for adjusting the supply amount of the exhaust gas A, an oxygen concentration meter 21 for detecting the oxygen concentration in the crusher 2, and a combustible gas detector 22 for detecting the combustible gas in the crusher 2. Based on the signal from the oxygen concentration meter 21 and the signal from the combustible gas detector 22, the controller that controls the regulating valve 20 so that the oxygen concentration is less than the set value (14% or less), that is, outside the explosive limit of the combustible gas With 23 That.
The nozzles 18 are provided at three locations, upper, middle and lower, of the casing 12 of the crusher 2. There are two introduction paths 19, one that is connected in parallel to the upper and middle nozzles 18 and one that is directly connected to the lower nozzle 18. The regulating valve 20 is an electric type, and two valves are interposed in each introduction path 19. The oxygen concentration meter 21 and the combustible gas detector 22 are provided at two locations near the inlet 10 of the crusher 2 (position above the upper nozzle 18) and near the outlet 11 (position below the lower nozzle 18).
[0021]
The oxygen concentration adjusting device 5 reduces the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas A from the gas turbine power generation device 3. In this example, the oxygen concentration adjustment device 5 is interposed in the introduction path 19 immediately after the gas turbine 15 of the gas turbine power generation device 3. When the oxygen concentration adjustment burner is used, and the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas A from the gas turbine 15 is high, the exhaust gas A is cooked to reduce the oxygen concentration.
[0022]
The heat exchanger 6 exchanges heat of the exhaust gas A from the gas turbine power generation device 3. In this example, the heat exchanger 6 is a waste heat recovery boiler interposed in the introduction path 19 immediately after the oxygen concentration adjusting device 5. Then, heat is recovered from the exhaust gas A of the gas turbine 16 to generate steam or hot water C, and the steam or hot water C is used for steam or hot water load (not shown) of the crushing facility.
[0023]
The sealing device 7 is arranged on the inlet 10 side and the outlet 11 side of the crusher 2 to prevent gas leakage. In this example, the sealing device 7 is provided in the middle of the supply conveyor 12 and in the middle of the discharge conveyor 13. A plurality of norens 24 (three for the supply conveyor 12 and two for the discharge conveyor 13) are arranged in a row to allow passage of waste and crushed materials and prevent leakage of the exhaust gas A and the combustible gas. Yes. Nolen 24 is made of a flexible member such as synthetic resin or rubber.
Thus, the upstream side of the supply conveyor 12 partitioned by the sealing device 7 and the downstream side of the discharge conveyor 13 are communicated with the exhaust device 26 via the conduit 25 and are exhausted by the exhaust device 26.
[0024]
The waste supply stop device 8 stops the supply of waste to the crusher 2 when the oxygen concentration exceeds a set value. In this example, the motor 27 that drives the supply conveyor 12 and the crusher The oxygen concentration meter 21 for detecting the oxygen concentration in the gas 2, the combustible gas detector 22 for detecting the combustible gas in the crusher 2, the signal from the oxygen concentration meter 21 and the signal from the combustible gas detector 22 A controller 23 is provided for stopping and controlling the motor 27 of the supply conveyor 12 when the concentration exceeds the set value (14% or more), that is, within the explosion limit of the combustible gas. The oxygen concentration meter 21, the combustible gas detector 22, and the controller 23 use what constitutes the exhaust gas supply device 4.
[0025]
The exhaust gas circulation device 9 circulates the exhaust gas A from the inlet 10 side to the outlet 11 side of the crusher 2, and in this example, the inlet 10 side (upper part) and the outlet 11 side (lower part) of the crusher 2 are connected. A communication path 28 that communicates with each other and a blower 29 that is provided in the middle of the communication path 28 and that supplies exhaust gas A from the inlet 10 side to the outlet 11 side of the crusher 2 are provided.
[0026]
Next, the operation will be described based on such a configuration.
The waste is supplied from the inlet 10 of the crusher 2 by the supply conveyor 14 and is crushed by the impact force, shearing force and grinding action by the rotating blade and the fixed blade of the crusher 2. The crushed crushed material is discharged by the discharge conveyor 15 through the outlet 11 of the crusher 2.
[0027]
The exhaust gas A from the gas turbine 16 of the gas turbine power generation device 3 is guided by the introduction path 19 of the exhaust gas supply device 4, the oxygen concentration is lowered by the oxygen concentration adjusting device 5, and the heat is exchanged by the heat exchanger 6. After the replacement, it is blown into the crusher 2 from the nozzle 18 through the regulating valve 20. At this time, the regulating valve 20 is controlled by the controller 23 so that the oxygen concentration becomes a set value or less (14% or less) based on the signal from the oximeter 21 and the signal from the combustible gas detector 22. For this reason, the oxygen concentration in the crusher 2 is kept outside the explosion limit of combustible gas, and explosion is suppressed.
The electric power generated by the generator 17 of the gas turbine power generation device 3 is used as necessary electric power in the crushing facility.
Since the gas turbine power generation device 3 that supplies the exhaust gas A generates not only the exhaust gas A but also the electric power B for the explosion prevention of the crusher 2, the crushing facility can reduce the total initial cost and the running cost. At the same time, the energy saving effect can be fully exhibited.
[0028]
Since the exhaust gas A from the gas turbine 16 of the gas turbine power generation device 3 can be heat-exchanged by the heat exchanger 6, the heat of the exhaust gas A can be used in the crushing facility. As a result, the energy saving effect in the crushing facility can be further enhanced.
Since the gas leakage from the crusher 2 can be prevented by the sealing device 7, the oxygen concentration in the crusher 2 can be easily maintained outside the explosion limit of the combustible gas.
Since the waste supply to the crusher 2 can be stopped when the oxygen concentration exceeds the set value due to the waste supply stop device 8, further increase in combustible gas can be prevented, and an explosion has not occurred. Can be prevented.
Since the exhaust gas A can be circulated by utilizing the air flow characteristics from the lower part to the upper part in the crusher 2 by the exhaust gas circulation device 9, the supply amount of the exhaust gas A can be reduced.
[0029]
In addition, although the crusher 2 was a horizontal axis rotation type in the previous example, it is not restricted to this, For example, a vertical axis rotation type etc. may be sufficient.
Although the exhaust gas supply device 4 uses the oxygen concentration meter 21 and the combustible gas detector 22, the present invention is not limited thereto, and for example, the combustible gas detector 22 may be omitted.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be obtained.
(1) A crusher that crushes waste, a gas turbine power generator that generates power by rotating the turbine using combustion gas, and supplies exhaust gas from the gas turbine power generator to the crusher. It is composed of an exhaust gas supply device that keeps the oxygen concentration outside the explosive limit of flammable gas, and in particular, a gas turbine power generator is installed so that not only exhaust gas in the future but also electric power can be used, so the total initial cost The running cost can be reduced, and the energy saving effect can be fully demonstrated.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a crusher explosion-proof system according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Crusher explosion-proof system, 2 ... Crusher, 3 ... Gas turbine power generation device, 4 ... Exhaust gas supply device, 5 ... Oxygen concentration adjustment device, 6 ... Heat exchanger, 7 ... Sealing device, 8 ... Waste supply stop device , 9 ... exhaust gas circulation device, 10 ... inlet, 11 ... outlet, 12 ... casing, 13 ... rotating shaft, 14 ... supply conveyor, 15 ... discharge conveyor, 16 ... gas turbine, 17 ... generator, 18 ... nozzle, 19 ... Introducing path, 20 ... regulating valve, 21 ... oxygen concentration meter, 22 ... combustible gas detector, 23 ... controller, 24 ... noren, 25 ... conduit, 26 ... exhaust device, 27 ... motor, 28 ... communication path, 29 ... blower, A ... exhaust gas, B ... electric power, C ... steam or hot water.

Claims (8)

A crusher that crushes waste, a gas turbine power generator that generates power by rotating the turbine according to combustion gas, and an exhaust gas from the gas turbine power generator is supplied into the crusher and the oxygen concentration in the crusher And a waste gas supply device that holds the waste gas outside the explosive limit of the combustible gas, and has a waste supply stop device that stops the supply of waste to the crusher when the oxygen concentration exceeds a set value Crusher explosion-proof system characterized by things.   The crusher explosion-proof system according to claim 1, further comprising an oxygen concentration adjusting device that reduces an oxygen concentration of exhaust gas from the gas turbine power generation device.   The crusher explosion-proof system of Claim 1 provided with the heat exchanger which heat-exchanges the waste gas from a gas turbine power generator.   The crusher explosion-proof system of Claim 1 provided with the sealing device which is distribute | arranged to the inlet side and exit side of a crusher, and prevents the leakage of gas.   The crusher explosion-proof system according to claim 1, further comprising an exhaust gas circulation device that circulates the exhaust gas from the inlet side to the outlet side of the crusher.   The exhaust gas supply device is provided in the middle of the introduction path for connecting the gas turbine power generation device and the nozzle, a nozzle for injecting the exhaust gas from the gas turbine power generation device into the crusher, and adjusts the supply amount of the exhaust gas The oxygen concentration is determined based on the regulating valve, the oxygen concentration meter that detects the oxygen concentration in the crusher, the combustible gas detector that detects the combustible gas in the crusher, the signal from the oxygen concentration meter, and the signal from the combustible gas detector. The crusher explosion-proof system according to claim 1, further comprising a controller that controls the adjustment valve so as to be equal to or less than a set value.   The waste supply stop device includes a supply conveyor that supplies waste, an oxygen concentration meter that detects oxygen concentration in the crusher, a combustible gas detector that detects combustible gas in the crusher, and a signal from the oxygen concentration meter. The crusher explosion-proof system according to claim 1, further comprising a controller for stopping and controlling the supply conveyor when the oxygen concentration exceeds a set value based on a signal from the combustible gas detector. The exhaust gas circulation device includes a communication path that connects the inlet side and the outlet side of the crusher, and a blower that is provided in the middle of the communication path and that supplies exhaust gas from the inlet side to the outlet side of the crusher. Item 6. The crusher explosion-proof system according to Item 5 .

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