JP3936037B2

JP3936037B2 - Sensible heat recovery equipment for heat utilization equipment

Info

Publication number: JP3936037B2
Application number: JP27529297A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 幸雄佐藤; 晴信竹田; 裕一脇坂; 芳徳河原崎
Original assignee: Japan Steel Works Ltd
Current assignee: Japan Steel Works Ltd
Priority date: 1997-09-22
Filing date: 1997-09-22
Publication date: 2007-06-27
Anticipated expiration: 2017-09-22
Also published as: JPH1194392A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術及びその課題】
従来の熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置として、例えば特開平８−１２８７５６号公報に記載されるものが知られている。これは、図１３に示す一対の水素吸蔵合金収容容器１０２，１０４の顕熱を回収するものである。すなわち、一対の水素吸蔵合金収容容器１０２，１０４の熱媒通路１０２ａ，１０４ａを接続する顕熱回収回路１８５が環状に設けられ、この顕熱回収回路１８５にポンプ１３５及び成層型蓄熱タンク１９０，１９１が介装されていると共に、顕熱回収回路１８５内に熱媒が充填されている。顕熱回収回路１８５は、成層型蓄熱タンク１９０，１９１の下部及び上部に接続され、成層型蓄熱タンク１９０，１９１が顕熱回収回路１８５の一部を形成している。１３２，１３３，１３３ａ，１３４は、顕熱回収回路１８５を開閉するバルブである。
【０００３】
この成層型蓄熱タンク１９０，１９１は、内部が熱伝達率の小さな部材からなる多数の仕切りによつて区画されて自然対流が抑制される構造を有する。従つて、温度変化を生じながら送り込まれた熱媒がそのままの温度分布で蓄積され、成層型蓄熱タンク１９０，１９１に蓄積された熱媒の温度分布が自然対流によつて均一になることが防止される。
【０００４】
顕熱回収工程に際しては、ポンプ１３５を駆動し、顕熱回収回路１８５内に予め充填してある熱媒を一方向に循環させ、熱媒通路１０２ａ，１０４ａを通じて水素吸蔵合金収容容器１０２，１０４内の温度の昇降変更を図る。例えば、熱媒通路１０２ａを通つた最高温度２５℃の高温の熱媒が成層型蓄熱タンク１９０の下部から入り次第に蓄熱され、充満されていた熱媒が上端部から押し出される。成層型蓄熱タンク１９０から押し出された熱媒は、熱媒通路１０４ａを通じて水素吸蔵合金収容容器１０４内の昇温に利用される。
【０００５】
また、例えば、−２０℃の低温の水素吸蔵合金収容容器１０２内の熱媒が成層型蓄熱タンク１９０の下部から入り次第に蓄熱され、充満されていた熱媒が上端部から押し出される。成層型蓄熱タンク１９０から押し出された熱媒は、熱媒通路１０４ａを通じて水素吸蔵合金収容容器１０４内の降温に利用される。
【０００６】
更に、他の成層型蓄熱タンク１９１は、水素吸蔵合金収容容器１０４の熱媒通路１０４ａを通つた熱媒が導入される。これにより、上述した水素吸蔵合金収容容器１０２，１０４間での作用と同様の作用が水素吸蔵合金収容容器１０４，１０２の間で得られることになる。
【０００７】
しかしながら、このような従来の熱利用装置の顕熱回収方法にあつては、成層型蓄熱タンク１９０，１９１が熱利用装置である水素吸蔵合金収容容器１０２，１０４の両側に装備されてはいるが、回路１８５の途中に介装され、上部及び下部にそれぞれ回路１８５が接続されて成層型蓄熱タンク１９０，１９１が環状をなす回路１８５の一部を形成している。このため、次のような技術的課題を有している。
【０００８】
（１）一方の水素吸蔵合金収容容器１０２，１０４の熱媒通路１０２ａ，１０４ａを通つて顕熱を奪つた熱媒が成層型蓄熱タンク１９０，１９１に流入し、成層型蓄熱タンク１９０，１９１から押し出された熱媒が他方の水素吸蔵合金収容容器１０４，１０２の熱媒通路１０４ａ，１０２ａに導入され、他方の水素吸蔵合金収容容器１０４，１０２の昇温又は降温に供される。このため、成層型蓄熱タンク１９０，１９１は、回路１８５の長さを増大させる機能を主体とする配置であり、両成層型蓄熱タンク１９０，１９１によつて回収した顕熱を一対の水素吸蔵合金収容容器１０２，１０４の温度変更に有効活用することができない。
【０００９】
（２）ポンプ１３５は、常時、一方向に駆動し、顕熱回収回路１８５内の熱媒を一方向に循環させる構造であるため、成層型蓄熱タンク１９０，１９１の下部から入つた熱媒が上部から流出する。このため、例えば成層型蓄熱タンク１９０，１９１の下部から入つて高温状態から次第に温度低下する熱媒が成層型蓄熱タンク１９０，１９１の上部から押し出され、この次第に温度低下する熱媒によつて水素吸蔵合金収容容器１０４，１０２の昇温を図るようになる。その結果、水素吸蔵合金収容容器１０４，１０２に効果的な温度変化を与えることが困難であつた。
【００１０】
（３）特に、１個の熱利用装置としての水素吸蔵合金収容容器１０２又は１０４に、加熱装置及び冷却装置で別個に作つた高温又は低温の熱媒を交互に供給する用い方ではなく、このような用い方に対して水素吸蔵合金収容容器１０２又は１０４の顕熱を回収して再利用することを示唆しない。しかして、このような用い方においては、従来、加熱・冷却の繰返しに伴う水素吸蔵合金収容容器１０２又は１０４や配管系の温度変化に対し、それぞれ毎回全エネルギを浪費することになつていた。
【００１１】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、このような従来の技術的課題に鑑みてなされたものであり、その構成は次の通りである。
請求項１の発明は、加熱装置３による加熱状態と冷却装置４による冷却状態とを交互に与え、熱利用装置（１）に温度変化を与える熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置であつて、熱利用装置（１）に付属させた熱媒通路１ａと、該熱媒通路１ａの一端部に接続させた第１の蓄熱タンク６と、該熱媒通路１ａの他端部に接続させた第２の蓄熱タンク７と、第１の蓄熱タンク６の内部空間６ｂと第２の蓄熱タンク７の内部空間７ｂとの間で熱媒を交互に移送させる移送装置６０とを有すると共に、少なくとも一方の蓄熱タンク６，７が、蓄熱タンク６，７の下端部に形成されて熱媒通路１ａに接続する熱媒の出入口６ｃ，７ｃを備え、かつ、移送装置６０が、該蓄熱タンク６，７の上端部に接続され、気体を正逆に送つて該蓄熱タンク６，７の内部空間６ｂ，７ｂの気体を吸排させる吸排手段６０によつて形成され、吸排手段６０によつて該内部空間６ｂ，７ｂの気体を吸排させることにより、両蓄熱タンク６，７の出入口６ｃ，７ｃから熱媒が出入りすることを特徴とする熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置である。
請求項２は、加熱装置３による加熱状態と冷却装置４による冷却状態とを交互に与え、熱利用装置（１）に温度変化を与える熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置であつて、熱利用装置（１）に付属させた熱媒通路１ａと、該熱媒通路１ａの一端部に接続させた第１の蓄熱タンク６と、該熱媒通路１ａの他端部に接続させた第２の蓄熱タンク７と、第１の蓄熱タンク６の内部空間６ｂと第２の蓄熱タンク７の内部空間７ｂとの間で熱媒を交互に移送させる移送装置６０とを有すると共に、両蓄熱タンク６，７の下端部に熱媒通路１ａに接続する熱媒の出入口６ｃ，７ｃがそれぞれ形成され、かつ、移送装置６０が、両蓄熱タンク６，７の上端部同士を接続する配管６１に、気体を正逆に送つて内部空間６ｂ，７ｂの気体を吸排させる吸排手段６０を備えさせて形成され、吸排手段６０によつて一方の内部空間６ｂ，７ｂの気体を他方の内部空間７ｂ，６ｂに向けて送り込むことにより、両蓄熱タンク６，７の７入口６ｃ，７ｃから熱媒が出入りすることを特徴とする熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置である。
請求項３は、加熱装置３による加熱状態と冷却装置４による冷却状態とを交互に与え、熱利用装置（１）に温度変化を与える熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置であつて、熱利用装置（１）に付属させた熱媒通路１ａと、該熱媒通路１ａの一端部に接続させた第１の蓄熱タンク６と、該熱媒通路１ａの他端部に接続させた第２の蓄熱タンク７と、第１の蓄熱タンク６の内部空間６ｂと第２の蓄熱タンク７の内部空間７ｂとの間で熱媒を交互に移送させる移送装置とを有すると共に、少なくとも一方の蓄熱タンク６，７が、蓄熱タンク６，７の下端部に形成されて熱媒通路１ａに接続する熱媒の出入口６ｃ，７ｃを備え、かつ、移送装置が、蓄熱タンク６，７の内部空間６ｂ，７ｂに上下方向の摺動自在に設けたラム部材９と、ラム部材９を昇降駆動する駆動装置７０とを有し、ラム部材９を昇降駆動することにより、蓄熱タンク６，７の出入口６ｃ，７ｃから熱媒が出入りすることを特徴とする熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置である。
【００１２】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照して説明する。
図１は、第１参考例に係る顕熱回収装置を備える熱利用装置の全体を示す。図中において符号１は熱利用装置としての水素回収容器であり、内部に水素吸蔵合金Ｍを収容すると共に、水素吸蔵合金Ｍを加熱又は冷却するための熱媒通路１ａを有している。熱媒通路１ａの一端は、移送装置である正逆駆動が可能なポンプ２を備える流路１０の他端に接続され、流路１０の一端には、それぞれ開閉バルブ２０，２１を備える一対の流路１１，１２が接続され、一方の流路１１には加熱装置３が接続され、他方の流路１２には冷却装置４が接続されている。また、熱媒通路１ａの他端には、それぞれ開閉バルブ２２，２３を備える一対の流路１３，１４が接続され、一方の流路１３には加熱装置３が接続され、他方の流路１４には冷却装置４が接続されている。これらの熱媒通路１ａ及び流路１０，１１，１２，１３，１４には、液体からなる熱媒（冷媒を含む）が収容されている。
【００１３】
しかして、一対の開閉バルブ２０，２２を開いた状態でポンプ２を駆動することにより、加熱装置３によつて加熱された熱媒が熱媒通路１ａに導かれ、水素吸蔵合金Ｍを加熱するので、水素吸蔵合金Ｍから水素を放出させることができる。また、一対の開閉バルブ２１，２３を開いた状態でポンプ２を駆動することにより、冷却装置４によつて冷却された熱媒が熱媒通路１ａに導かれ、水素吸蔵合金Ｍを冷却するので、水素吸蔵合金Ｍに水素を吸蔵させることができる。吸蔵又は放出される水素は、水素回収容器１に流路５１を介して接続させた他の水素回収容器、水素利用装置等の水素装置５０との間で授受が行なわれる。
【００１４】
更に、熱媒通路１ａの両端側に、それぞれ流路１５，１６を介して蓄熱タンク６，７を接続させる。具体的には、ポンプ２よりも流路１１，１２寄りの流路１０には、開閉バルブ２４を備える流路１５を介して第１の蓄熱タンク６が接続され、開閉バルブ２３よりも水素回収容器１寄りの流路１４には、開閉バルブ２５を備える流路１６を介して第２の蓄熱タンク７が接続されている。各蓄熱タンク６，７は、同形をなし、上端部に通気孔６ａ，７ａを有する単一の内部空間６ｂ，７ｂを有し、両蓄熱タンク６，７の内部空間６ｂ，７ｂには、一方の内部空間６ｂ，７ｂのみがほぼ満たされる量の熱媒が収容されている。各蓄熱タンク６，７は、下端部に熱媒の出入口６ｃ，７ｃを有し、これらに流路１５，１６が接続されている。しかして、両開閉バルブ２４，２５を開いてポンプ２を正又は逆方向に駆動することにより、いずれか一方の蓄熱タンク６，７の内部空間６ｂ，７ｂ内の熱媒を出入り口６ｃ，７ｃから流出させ、熱媒通路１ａに導いた後に、他方の蓄熱タンク６，７の内部空間６ｂ，７ｂに熱媒の出入り口６ｃ，７ｃから導入させることができる。
【００１５】
次に、作用について説明する。
水素回収容器１の熱媒通路１ａに、加熱装置３で加熱した熱媒と冷却装置４で冷却した熱媒とを交互に供給して、水素回収容器１内の水素吸蔵合金Ｍに温度変化を与える。水素吸蔵合金Ｍから水素を放出させる際には、一対の開閉バルブ２０，２２のみを開いた状態でポンプ２を駆動し、加熱装置３によつて加熱された熱媒を熱媒通路１ａに導き、水素吸蔵合金Ｍを加熱する。また、水素吸蔵合金Ｍに水素を吸蔵させる際には、一対の開閉バルブ２１，２３のみを開いた状態でポンプ２を駆動し、冷却装置４によつて冷却された熱媒を熱媒通路１ａに導き、水素吸蔵合金Ｍを冷却する。吸蔵又は放出される水素は、前述したように水素回収容器１に流路５１を介して接続させた他の水素装置５０との間で授受が行なわれる。
【００１６】
このようにして水素回収容器１内の水素吸蔵合金Ｍを昇温又は降温させて温度変化を与える際に、図１に示す両蓄熱タンク６，７を用いて次の参考例としての操作を行なつて水素回収容器１内の顕熱を回収する。すなわち、加熱装置３で加熱した熱媒を導入して水素回収容器１内の水素吸蔵合金Ｍを昇温させた後であつて、冷却装置４で冷却した熱媒を導入して水素回収容器１内の水素吸蔵合金Ｍを降温させる前、つまり水素吸蔵合金Ｍから水素を放出させた後に、第１の蓄熱タンク６に貯留させた熱媒を出入り口６ｃから流出させて水素回収容器１の熱媒通路１ａに通し、流出する熱媒を第２の蓄熱タンク７に導いて出入り口７ｃから流入・貯留させる。その際、一対の開閉バルブ２４，２５のみを開いた状態でポンプ２を一方向（図１に示す方向）に駆動する。なお、第１の蓄熱タンク６の内部空間６ｂには、既に、図１に示すように上部が比較的低温で下部が比較的高温状態の熱媒が貯留されている。これにより、比較的高温状態にある水素吸蔵合金Ｍが次第に冷却されると共に、水素回収容器１内の顕熱が熱媒によつて回収されて第２の蓄熱タンク７に貯留される。このとき、第２の蓄熱タンク７の内部空間７ｂに貯留される熱媒は、上部が比較的高温で下部が比較的低温状態となる。
【００１７】
また、冷却装置４で冷却した熱媒を導入して水素回収容器１内の水素吸蔵合金Ｍを降温させた後であつて、加熱装置３で加熱した熱媒を導入して水素回収容器１内の水素吸蔵合金Ｍを昇温させる前、つまり水素吸蔵合金Ｍに水素を吸蔵させた後に、第２の蓄熱タンク７に貯留させた熱媒を水素回収容器１の熱媒通路１ａに通し、熱媒通路１ａから流出する熱媒を第１の蓄熱タンク６に導いて貯留させる。その際、一対の開閉バルブ２４，２５のみを開いた状態でポンプ２を他方向（図１に示す方向と反対方向）に駆動する。これにより、比較的低温状態にある水素吸蔵合金Ｍが次第に加熱されると共に、水素回収容器１内の顕熱が熱媒によつて回収されて第１の蓄熱タンク６に貯留される。このとき、第１の蓄熱タンク６の内部空間６ｂに貯留される熱媒は、上部が比較的低温で下部が比較的高温状態となる。
【００１８】
このような操作を繰り返して与えることにより、水素回収容器１内の顕熱が第１の蓄熱タンク６又は第２の蓄熱タンク７に次々に貯留され、その後に水素回収容器１内の水素吸蔵合金Ｍの温度変更に有効活用される。この両蓄熱タンク６，７間での熱媒の移動は、第１の蓄熱タンク６の内部空間６ｂに、上部が比較的低温で下部が比較的高温状態として貯留されている熱媒が、下部の出入り口６ｃから流出して高温状態の水素吸蔵合金Ｍに接し、第１の蓄熱タンク６から次第に温度低下しながら流出する熱媒が水素吸蔵合金Ｍを冷却するので、水素吸蔵合金Ｍの降温が効果的に行なわれる。
【００１９】
また、第２の蓄熱タンク７に、下部の出入り口７ｃから流入して、上部が比較的高温で下部が比較的低温状態として貯留された熱媒は、冷却装置４で冷却した熱媒を導入して水素回収容器１を降温させた後であつて、加熱装置３で加熱した熱媒を導入して水素回収容器１を昇温させる前に、水素回収容器１に導入し、水素回収容器１から流出する熱媒を第１の蓄熱タンク６に導いて貯留させる。この両蓄熱タンク６，７間での熱媒の移動は、第２の蓄熱タンク７の内部空間７ｂに、上部が比較的高温で下部が比較的低温状態として貯留されている熱媒が、下部の出入り口７ｃから流出して低温状態の水素吸蔵合金Ｍに接し、第２の蓄熱タンク７から次第に温度上昇しながら流出する熱媒が水素吸蔵合金Ｍを加熱するので、水素吸蔵合金Ｍの昇温が効果的に行なわれる。
【００２０】
ところで、上記第１参考例に係る顕熱回収装置を備える熱利用装置にあつては、水素回収容器１の熱媒通路１ａを、両蓄熱タンク６，７の熱媒を通すためのみならず、冷却装置４で冷却した熱媒及び加熱装置３で加熱した熱媒を交互に通すことにも共用したが、冷却装置４で冷却した熱媒、加熱装置３で加熱した熱媒及び両蓄熱タンク６，７の熱媒を通す熱媒通路を個別に備えさせることも可能である。更に、冷却装置４で冷却した熱媒及び加熱装置３で加熱した熱媒を交互に水素回収容器１の熱媒通路１ａに通すことに代えて、冷却装置４で水素回収容器１の外壁を直接冷却し、また、加熱装置３で水素回収容器１の外壁を直接加熱し、熱媒及び熱媒通路１ａを蓄熱タンク６，７にのみ使用することも可能である。
【００２１】
このようにして、水素回収容器１内の多量（約７０％）の熱エネルギーを両蓄熱タンク６，７に回収可能であり、水素回収容器１の加熱装置３による加熱及び冷却装置４による冷却を最小限のエネルギー消費で行なうことが可能になる。
【００２２】
次に、ポンプ２と異なる移送装置を備える熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置の実施の形態について説明する。
図２は、熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置の第１実施の形態を示し、加熱装置３及び冷却装置４は省略してある。この蓄熱タンク６，７は、上端部の通気孔６ａ，７ａを塞いだ密閉型であり、熱媒を収容する内部空間６ｂ，７ｂを有する蓄熱タンク６，７の下端部に熱媒の出入口６ｃ，７ｃを形成すると共に、両蓄熱タンク６，７の上端部同士を連通する配管６１に、気体を正逆に送つて内部空間６ｂ，７ｂの気体を吸排させる吸排手段６０を備えさせる。この吸排手段６０は、正逆送りが可能なコンプレッサーによつて形成することができる。なお、第１の蓄熱タンク６の出入口６ｃは、流路７５によつて熱媒通路１ａの一端部に接続し、第２の蓄熱タンク７の出入口７ｃは、流路７６によつて熱媒通路１ａの他端部に接続している。
【００２３】
図２に示すように吸排手段６０を一方向に駆動し、第１の蓄熱タンク６の内部空間６ｂ内の気体を配管６１を通じて第２の蓄熱タンク７の内部空間７ｂ内の上部に送り込めば、第２の蓄熱タンク７の内部空間７ｂ内に貯留された熱媒が、流路７６，７５及び熱媒通路１ａを通つて第１の蓄熱タンク６の内部空間６ｂに流入する。また、吸排手段６０を他方向に駆動し、第２の蓄熱タンク７の内部空間７ｂ内の気体を配管６１を通じて第１の蓄熱タンク６の内部空間６ｂ内の上部に送り込めば、第１の蓄熱タンク６の内部空間６ｂ内に貯留された熱媒が、流路７５，７６及び熱媒通路１ａを通つて第２の蓄熱タンク７の内部空間７ｂに流入する。
【００２４】
このようにして、水素回収容器１を加熱装置３によつて加熱させた後で冷却装置４によつて冷却させる前に、第１の蓄熱タンク６に貯留させた熱媒を水素回収容器１の熱媒通路１ａに導入し、水素回収容器１の熱媒通路１ａから流出する熱媒を第２の蓄熱タンク７に導いて貯留させ、かつ、水素回収容器１を冷却装置４によつて冷却させた後で加熱装置３によつて加熱させる前に、第２の蓄熱タンク７に貯留させた熱媒を水素回収容器１の熱媒通路１ａに導入し、水素回収容器１の熱媒通路１ａから流出する熱媒を第１の蓄熱タンク６に導いて貯留させ、水素回収容器１の顕熱を第１の蓄熱タンク６及び第２の蓄熱タンク７に回収することができる。
【００２５】
また、この第１実施の形態によれば、熱媒が流通するポンプ２を使用しないので、ポンプに熱を奪われて熱効率が低下することが防止されると共に、腐食性、爆発性等を有する熱媒も容易に送ることができる。ちなみに、腐食性、爆発性を有する熱媒を送るポンプは、特殊材料を使用して複雑構造を有するため、保守性に劣ると共にコストが嵩む。
【００２６】
更に、両蓄熱タンク６，７の内部空間６ｂ，７ｂが密閉されて外気と遮断されているので、内部空間６ｂ，７ｂに収容する気体の種類に制限を受け難く、空気以外の気体を使用することが可能である。また、吸排手段６０による気体の送り量によつて熱媒の流量を制御できるので、移送途中の熱媒に直接触れることなく熱媒の流量を増減制御することも容易にできる。
【００２７】
図３は、熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置の第２実施の形態を示し、図２に示す第１実施の形態と比較して、第２の蓄熱タンク７の上端部に通気孔７ａを形成すると共に、配管６１の吸排手段６０と第２の蓄熱タンク７とを接続する部分を省略した点で相違する。第２実施の形態によれば、第１実施の形態と比較して、吸排手段６０の正逆駆動によつて第１の蓄熱タンク６の内部空間６ｂに空気が強制的に吸排され、これに伴つて第２の蓄熱タンク７の内部空間７ｂ内の空気が通気孔７ａから出入りすることを除き、ほぼ同様の作用効果を得ることができる。
【００２８】
図４は、熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置の第３実施の形態を示す。第３実施の形態にあつては、蓄熱タンク６，７の内部に形成されて熱媒を収容する内部空間６ｂ，７ｂに上下方向の摺動自在に設けたラム部材９と、ラム部材９を昇降駆動する駆動装置７０とを有し、ラム部材９を昇降駆動することにより、蓄熱タンク６，７の下端部の出入口６ｃ，７ｃから熱媒が強制的に出入りする。水素回収容器１の熱媒通路１ａの一端部は、流路７５を介して蓄熱タンク６の下端部の出入口６ｃに接続され、熱媒通路１ａの他端部は、流路７６を介して蓄熱タンク７の下端部の出入口７ｃに接続されている。なお、流路７５，７６に備える開閉バルブ２４，２５は省略してある。
【００２９】
第１の蓄熱タンク６のラム部材９の駆動装置７０は、蓄熱タンク６の上部に配設した複動式のシリンダ装置７１によつて構成され、シリンダ７１ａの内部にピストン７１ｂが摺動自在に嵌合して上圧力室７１ｄ及び下圧力室７１ｅを区画し、ピストンロッド７１ｃがラム部材９に連結されている。しかして、上圧力室７１ｄに圧力流体を供給し、下圧力室７１ｅをドレインすることにより、ピストン７１ｂ、ピストンロッド７１ｃ及びラム部材９が下降するので、第１の蓄熱タンク６の内部空間６ｂに貯留された熱媒が出入口６ｃから流出する。また、下圧力室７１ｅに圧力流体を供給し、上圧力室７１ｄをドレインすることにより、ピストン７１ｂ、ピストンロッド７１ｃ及びラム部材９が上昇するので、熱媒が出入口６ｃから第１の蓄熱タンク６の内部空間６ｂに流入する。
【００３０】
第２の蓄熱タンク７のラム部材９の駆動装置７０は、蓄熱タンク７の上部に配設したねじ装置７２によつて構成され、第２の蓄熱タンク７を貫通させて回転自在に配置され、下端部にラム部材９が相対回転自在に連結されるねじ部材７２ａと、蓄熱タンク７の上部に固設され、ねじ部材７２ａに螺合するナット部材（図示せず）と、ねじ部材７２ａを正逆に回転駆動するモータ装置７２ｂとを有する。
【００３１】
しかして、モータ装置７２ｂによつてねじ部材７２ａを一方向に回転駆動することにより、ナット部材に螺合するねじ部材７２ａ及びラム部材９を下降させ、また、ねじ部材７２ａを他方向に回転駆動することにより、ねじ部材７２ａ及びラム部材９を上昇させることができるので、第１の蓄熱タンク６の駆動装置７０と同様の作用を得ることができる。なお、ナット部材（図示せず）を第２の蓄熱タンク７の上部に回転のみ自在に配置し、ねじ部材７２ａを回転不可能かつ昇降可能に第２の蓄熱タンク７の上壁を貫通させて配置し、モータ装置７２ｂによつてナット部材を正逆に回転駆動しても、同様の作用を得ることができる。
【００３２】
この熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置の第３実施の形態によれば、熱媒が流通するポンプ２を使用しないので、ポンプに熱を奪われて熱効率が低下することが防止される等、第１実施の形態とほぼ同様の作用効果を得ることができる。なお、第３実施の形態のラム部材９の駆動装置７０は、各蓄熱タンク６，７の内部空間６ｂ，７ｂ内の熱媒を強制的に出入りさせるので、一方の蓄熱タンク６，７にのみ駆動装置７０を備えさせ、他方の蓄熱タンク６，７を図１に示すように上端部に通気孔６ａ，７ａを有する蓄熱タンク６，７によつて置換することも可能である。
【００３３】
図５は、熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置の第４実施の形態を示す。第４実施の形態にあつては、蓄熱タンク６６の内部に形成されて熱媒を収容する内部空間６６ｂに上下方向の摺動自在に設けたラム部材９と、ラム部材９を昇降駆動する駆動装置７０とを有し、ラム部材９を昇降駆動することにより、蓄熱タンク６６の上下両端部の出入口６６ｃ₁，６６ｃ₂から熱媒が出入りする。内部空間６６ｂは、ラム部材９によつて上空間６６ｂ₁と下空間６６ｂ₂とに区分され、水素回収容器１の熱媒通路１ａの一端部は、流路７５を介して下端部の出入口６６ｃ₂に接続され、また、熱媒通路１ａの他端部は、流路７６を介して上端部の出入口６６ｃ₁に接続されている。なお、流路７５，７６に備える開閉バルブ２４，２５は省略してある。
【００３４】
そして、蓄熱タンク６６を磁力透過性を有する非磁性材によつて形成すると共に、非磁性材製のラム部材９の少なくとも直径方向の２位置に磁性部材９ａを埋め込み、かつ、各磁性部材９ａに対向させて、蓄熱タンク６６の外側に磁石７３をそれぞれ配置してある。磁石７３は、支持部材７３ａに支持され、上下方向に延在する案内部材７４により、それぞれ支持部材７３ａが案内されて上下方向に移動が可能である。このラム部材９に取付けた磁性部材９ａ、支持部材７３ａに取付けた磁石７３及び案内部材７４並びに支持部材７３ａを昇降駆動する昇降装置７３ｂにより、ラム部材９の駆動装置７０を構成している。
【００３５】
しかして、昇降装置７３ｂを駆動し、支持部材７３ａ及び磁石７３を案内部材７４に沿つて昇降移動させることにより、磁性部材９ａに吸引力を受けてラム部材９が追従移動するので、熱媒が流路７５，７６及び熱媒通路１ａを通つて上空間６６ｂ₁と下空間６６ｂ₂との間で移動する。このように、本実施の形態ではポンプを使用しないので、水素回収容器１の顕熱回収に関し、第１実施の形態とほぼ同様の作用を得ることができる。但し、上空間６６ｂ₁及び下空間６６ｂ₂に貯留される熱媒は、いずれも下部が低温で上部が高温となるので、自然対流を生じ難く、上空間６６ｂ₁及び下空間６６ｂ₂に回収した顕熱を水素回収容器１の温度変化に有効利用することが可能である。なお、昇降装置７３ｂは、例えば案内部材７４と支持部材７３ａとの間に配設したリニアモータによつて構成することができ、リニアモータによつて支持部材７３ａ及び磁石７３を昇降駆動させることが可能である。また、駆動装置７０は、各種のものを使用することができる。
【００３６】
なお、図４，図５に示す熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置の第３，４実施の形態において、流路７５，７６に熱媒の圧力又は流量を検出するセンサーを設け、圧力又は流量が適正になるように駆動装置７０によるラム部材９の昇降駆動速度を制御することも可能である。
【００３７】
図６，図７は、熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置の第２参考例を示す。第２参考例にあつては、蓄熱タンク６６の内部に形成されて熱媒を収容する内部空間６６ｂに上下方向の摺動自在に設けた仕切部材１９により、内部空間６６ｂを上空間６６ｂ₁と下空間６６ｂ₂とに区分した。熱媒通路１ａの一端部は、蓄熱タンク６６の下端部の出入口６６ｃ₂にポンプ２を備える流路１０及び流路１５を介して接続され、熱媒通路１ａの他端部は、流路１６を介して蓄熱タンク６６の上端部の出入口６６ｃ₁に接続されている。なお、仕切部材１９には、熱媒とほぼ同じ比重を与えてある。また、流路１５，１６に備える開閉バルブ２４，２５は省略してある。
【００３８】
しかして、水素回収容器１内の水素吸蔵合金Ｍを昇温又は降温させて温度変化を与える際に、次の操作を行なつて水素回収容器１内の顕熱を回収する。すなわち、加熱装置３で加熱した熱媒を導入して水素回収容器１を昇温させた後であつて、冷却装置４で冷却した熱媒を導入して水素回収容器１を降温させる前に、図７に示すようにポンプ２を他方向に駆動し、上空間６６ｂ₁に貯留させた熱媒を上端部の出入口６６ｃ₁から流出させて水素回収容器１の熱媒通路１ａに通し、流出する熱媒を下端部の出入口６６ｃ₂から下空間６６ｂ₂に導いて貯留させる。その際、仕切部材１９が、内部空間６６ｂ内を上方に向けて移動する。なお、上空間６６ｂ₁には、既に、図６に示すように上部が比較的高温で下部が比較的低温状態の熱媒が貯留されている。これにより、比較的高温状態にある水素吸蔵合金Ｍが次第に冷却されると共に、水素回収容器１の顕熱が熱媒によつて回収されて下空間６６ｂ₂に貯留される。このとき、下空間６６ｂ₂に貯留される熱媒は、上部が比較的高温で下部が比較的低温状態となる。
【００３９】
また、冷却装置４で冷却した熱媒を導入して水素回収容器１を降温させた後であつて、加熱装置３で加熱した熱媒を導入して水素回収容器１を昇温させる前に、図６に示すようにポンプ２を一方向に駆動し、下空間６６ｂ₂に貯留させた熱媒を水素回収容器１の熱媒通路１ａに通し、水素回収容器１から流出する熱媒を上空間６６ｂ₁に導いて貯留させる。その際、仕切部材１９が、内部空間６６ｂ内を下方に向けて移動する。これにより、比較的低温状態にある水素吸蔵合金Ｍが次第に加熱されると共に、水素回収容器１の顕熱が熱媒によつて回収されて上空間６６ｂ₁に貯留される。このとき、上空間６６ｂ₁に貯留される熱媒の温度分布は、上部が比較的高温で下部が比較的低温状態となる。このようにして、仕切部材１９によつて区画される上空間６６ｂ₁及び下空間６６ｂ₂において、一方から流出した熱媒が他方に流入するようになるため、熱媒の流出入が比較的スムースになり、図５に示す第４実施の形態と同様に、特に上空間６６ｂ₁における熱媒の落下による混合が抑制される。
【００４０】
このような上空間６６ｂ₁と下空間６６ｂ₂との間での熱媒の移動は、図５に示す第４実施の形態と同様に、それぞれ上部が比較的高温で下部が低温状態として貯留されている熱媒が、下端部の出入口６６ｃ₂からは低温側から流出して低温状態の水素吸蔵合金Ｍに接し、熱媒が次第に温度上昇しながら水素吸蔵合金Ｍを加熱するので、水素吸蔵合金Ｍの昇温が効果的に行なわれ、また、上端部の出入口６６ｃ₁からは高温側から流出して高温状態の水素吸蔵合金Ｍに接し、熱媒が次第に温度低下しながら水素吸蔵合金Ｍを降温させるので、水素吸蔵合金Ｍの降温が効果的に行なわれる。
【００４１】
また、上空間６６ｂ₁及び下空間６６ｂ₂における熱媒の流出入が同一となるので、上空間６６ｂ₁及び下空間６６ｂ₂の両者において、熱媒の対流及び混合が良好に防止され、熱媒の温度分布の保持性が向上するため、無駄なエネルギー消費を防止できる。加えて、図５に示す第４実施の形態と同様に１個の蓄熱タンク６６で済むため、構造が簡素かつコンパクトになる。
【００４２】
図８，図９は、熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置の第３参考例を示す。第３参考例にあつては、各蓄熱タンク６，７の内部空間６ｂ，７ｂが、上下に延在する縦境壁６８，７８によつて複数の収容空間６０ｂ，７０ｂに分割され、熱媒の出入口６ｃ，７ｃが複数の全ての収容空間６０ｂ，７０ｂに連通している。実際には、各蓄熱タンク６，７に所定間隔で固着させた縦境壁６８，７８を内部空間６ｂ，７ｂの中間部のみに配設し、内部空間６ｂ，７ｂの下端部に、熱媒の出入口６ｃ，７ｃに連通する出入口空間６ｃ₁，７ｃ₁を形成させると共に、内部空間６ｂ，７ｂの上端部に、単一の通気孔６ａ，７ａに連通する通気空間６ａ₁，７ａ₁を形成させてある。なお、流路１５，１６に備える開閉バルブ２４，２５は省略してある。
【００４３】
しかして、ポンプ２を正逆に駆動することにより、熱媒が、流路１５，１６及び熱媒通路１ａを通り、更に熱媒の出入口６ｃ，７ｃ、出入口空間６ｃ₁，７ｃ₁を経て複数の収容空間６０ｂ，７０ｂの間で移動する。その際、複数の収容空間６０ｂ，７０ｂ内の空気が、通気空間６ａ₁，７ａ₁を経て通気孔６ａ，７ａから出入りする。このようにして、水素回収容器１の顕熱回収に関し、第１参考例とほぼ同様の作用を得ることができる。加えて、熱媒が溜まる複数の収容空間６０ｂ，７０ｂが縦境壁６８，７８によつて区画されて左右が狭幅をなし、対流の長さ／幅の比が大きくなつているので、各収容空間６０ｂ，７０ｂ内で温度分布を有する熱媒に自然対流を生じ難くなる。これにより、各収容空間６０ｂ，７０ｂ内での温度分布の保持性能が向上し、各収容空間６０ｂ，７０ｂ内に回収した顕熱を水素回収容器１の温度変化に有効利用することが可能となる。なお、縦境壁６８，７８は、温度分布をもつ熱媒を貯留させる蓄熱タンク６，７に適用が可能であるが、少なくとも一方の蓄熱タンク６，７、特に上部が比較的低温で下部が比較的高温状態として熱媒が貯留される第１の蓄熱タンク６に設け、熱媒の自然対流を抑制すればよい。
【００４４】
図１０には、第１の蓄熱タンク６の内部空間６ｂを２個の縦境壁６８’によつて３個の収容空間６０ｂに区画した参考例を示す。但し、本参考例では、内部空間６ｂの上下方向の全幅にわたつて縦境壁６８’を配設し、３個の収容空間６０ｂを独立させ、内部空間６ｂ，７ｂの下端部の出入口空間６ｃ₁，７ｃ₁及び上端部の通気空間６ａ₁，７ａ₁をそれぞれ省略させてある。このため、第１の蓄熱タンク６の上端部に、各収容空間６０ｂに連通する通気孔６ａ₂，６ａ₃，６ａ₄を個別に形成させると共に、下端部に、各収容空間６０ｂに連通する熱媒の出入口６ｃ₂，６ｃ₃，６ｃ₄を個別に形成させてある。本例のように３個の収容空間６０ｂに分割すれば対流の長さ／幅の比が適当に大きくなるので、熱媒の粘性の如何にも影響を受けるが、一般的な蓄熱タンク６において、収容空間６０ｂに温度分布を有して貯留させた熱媒に図１０に矢印で示す自然対流を生じることが良好に抑制される。なお、第２の蓄熱タンク７も、同様に３個の収容空間７０ｂに区画することができる。
【００４５】
図１１，図１２は、熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置の第４参考例を示す。第４参考例にあつては、各蓄熱タンク６，７の内部空間６ｂ，７ｂが、左右方向（熱媒の温度勾配と垂直な水平方向）に延在する横境壁８１，９１によつて複数の収容空間６０ｂ，７０ｂに分割され、熱媒の出入口６ｃ，７ｃが下端部の収容空間６０ｂ，７０ｂに連通し、上端部の収容空間６０ｂ，７０ｂが単一の通気孔６ａ，７ａに連通している。各横境壁８１，９１は、各蓄熱タンク６，７の内壁に所定間隔で固着され、図１２に示すように上下の収容空間６０ｂ，７０ｂを連通する開口部８１ａ，９１ａを有している。なお、流路１５，１６に備える開閉バルブ２４，２５は省略してある。
【００４６】
しかして、ポンプ２を正逆に駆動することにより、熱媒が、流路１５，１６及び熱媒通路１ａを通り、熱媒の出入口６ｃ，７ｃを経て下端部の収容空間６０ｂ，７０ｂから出入りする。下端部の収容空間６０ｂ，７０ｂから熱媒が出入りすることにより、各横境壁８１，９１に形成した開口部８１ａ，９１ａを流れながら、上下の収容空間６０ｂ，７０ｂの間でも熱媒が移動する。その際、収容空間６０ｂ，７０ｂ（内部空間６ｂ，７ｂ）内の空気が、通気孔６ａ，７ａから出入りする。このようにして、水素回収容器１の顕熱回収に関し、第１参考例とほぼ同様の作用を得ることができる。加えて、熱媒が溜まる内部空間６ｂ，７ｂが横境壁８１，９１によつて複数の収容空間６０ｂ，７０ｂに区画されて、収容空間６０ｂ，７０ｂの上下幅が狭幅をなしているので、上下に隣接する収容空間６０ｂ，７０ｂの間で熱媒に自然対流を生じることが抑制される。これにより、各収容空間６０ｂ，７０ｂ内での温度分布の保持性能が向上し、各収容空間６０ｂ，７０ｂ内に回収した顕熱を水素回収容器１の温度変化に有効利用することが可能となる。なお、横境壁８１，９１は、温度分布をもつ熱媒を貯留させる蓄熱タンク６，７に適用が可能であるが、少なくとも一方の蓄熱タンク６，７、特に上部が比較的低温で下部が比較的高温状態の熱媒が貯留される第１の蓄熱タンク６に設け、熱媒の自然対流を抑制すればよい。
【００４７】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明によつて理解されるように、本発明に係る熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置によれば、次の効果を奏することができる。
（１）熱利用装置の熱媒通路の両側に蓄熱タンクを配置し、この蓄熱タンクに温度勾配をもつ熱媒を往復させて熱利用装置を加熱又は冷却する。これにより、加熱装置による加熱状態と冷却装置による冷却状態とが交互に与えられる熱利用装置において、熱利用装置の顕熱を蓄熱タンクに効果的に蓄え、これを次の加熱または冷却に有効利用できる。その結果、加熱装置又は冷却装置による加熱・冷却時に、補充分の最小限のエネルギ消費で済むことになり、エネルギの浪費を低減できる。
【００４８】
（２）請求項１によれば、吸排手段によつて内部空間の気体を吸排させることにより、両蓄熱タンクの出入口から熱媒が出入りするようになり、熱媒が流通する移送装置を使用しないので、移送装置に熱媒の熱を奪われて熱効率が低下することが防止されると共に、腐食性、爆発性等を有する熱媒も容易に送ることができる。更に、吸排手段による気体の送り量の変更によつて熱媒の流量を制御できるので、移送途中の熱媒に直接触れることなく熱媒の流量を増減制御することも容易にできる。
【００４９】
（３）請求項２によれば、移送装置が、両蓄熱タンクの上端部同士を接続する配管に、気体を正逆に送つて内部空間の気体を吸排させる吸排手段によつて形成され、熱媒が流通する移送装置を使用しないので、移送装置に熱媒の熱を奪われて熱効率が低下することが防止されると共に、腐食性、爆発性等を有する熱媒も容易に送ることができる。加えて、両蓄熱タンクの内部空間を、熱媒の出入口及び吸排手段によつて吸排される気体の出入口を除いて密閉させて外気と遮断させることができるので、内部空間に収容する気体の種類に制限を受け難く、空気以外の気体を使用することが可能となる。また、吸排手段による気体の送り量の変更によつて熱媒の流量を制御できるので、移送途中の熱媒に直接触れることなく熱媒の流量を増減制御することも容易にできる。
【００５０】
（４）請求項３によれば、少なくとも一方の蓄熱タンクにおいて、駆動装置によつて蓄熱タンクの内部空間内の熱媒が強制的に出入りさせられ、熱媒が流通する移送装置を使用しないので、移送装置に熱媒の熱を奪われて熱効率が低下することが防止される。加えて、駆動装置によるラム部材の送り量の変更によつて熱媒の流量を制御できるので、移送途中の熱媒に直接触れることなく熱媒の流量を増減制御することも容易にできる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】第１参考例に係る顕熱回収装置を備える熱利用装置の全体を示す概略図。
【図２】本発明の実施の形態に係る熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置の第１実施の形態を一部省略して示す概略図。
【図３】同じく熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置の第２実施の形態を一部省略して示す概略図。
【図４】同じく熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置の第３実施の形態を一部省略して示す概略図。
【図５】同じく熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置の第４実施の形態を一部省略して示す概略図。
【図６】熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置の第２参考例を一部省略して示す概略図。
【図７】第２参考例の作用説明図。
【図８】熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置の第３参考例を一部省略して示す概略図。
【図９】図８のＩＸ−ＩＸ線断面図。
【図１０】蓄熱タンクの他の参考例を示す概略図。
【図１１】熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置の第４参考例を一部省略して示す概略図。
【図１２】図１１のＸＩＩ−ＸＩＩ線断面図。
【図１３】従来の熱利用装置の顕熱回収装置を示す概略図。
【符号の説明】
１：水素回収容器（熱利用装置）、１ａ：熱媒通路、２：ポンプ（移送装置）、３：加熱装置、４：冷却装置、６：第１の蓄熱タンク、６ｂ：内部空間、６ｃ：熱媒の出入口、７：第２の蓄熱タンク、７ｂ：内部空間、７ｃ：熱媒の出入口、９：ラム部材、１９：仕切部材、６０：吸排手段、６０ｂ，７０ｂ：収容空間、６１：配管、６６：蓄熱タンク、６６ｂ：内部空間、６６ｂ₁：上空間、６６ｂ₂：下空間、６６ｃ₁：出入口、６６ｃ₂：出入口、６８，７８：縦境壁、７０：駆動装置、８１，９１：横境壁、８１ａ，９１ａ：開口部、Ｍ：水素吸蔵合金。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a sensible heat recovery device for a heat utilization device.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems]
As a sensible heat recovery device of a conventional heat utilization device, for example, a device described in JP-A-8-128756 is known. This recovers the sensible heat of the pair of hydrogen storage alloy containing containers 102 and 104 shown in FIG. That is, a sensible heat recovery circuit 185 that connects the heat medium passages 102a and 104a of the pair of hydrogen storage alloy storage containers 102 and 104 is provided in an annular shape, and the sensible heat recovery circuit 185 includes a pump 135 and stratified heat storage tanks 190 and 191. And a sensible heat recovery circuit 185 is filled with a heat medium. The sensible heat recovery circuit 185 is connected to the lower and upper portions of the stratified heat storage tanks 190 and 191, and the stratified heat storage tanks 190 and 191 form a part of the sensible heat recovery circuit 185. Reference numerals 132, 133, 133 a, and 134 are valves that open and close the sensible heat recovery circuit 185.
[0003]
The stratified heat storage tanks 190 and 191 have a structure in which natural convection is suppressed by being partitioned by a large number of partitions made of members having a small heat transfer coefficient. Accordingly, the heat medium that is sent in while causing a temperature change is accumulated with the same temperature distribution, and the temperature distribution of the heat medium accumulated in the stratified heat storage tanks 190 and 191 is prevented from being uniform due to natural convection. Is done.
[0004]
In the sensible heat recovery process, the pump 135 is driven to circulate the heat medium pre-filled in the sensible heat recovery circuit 185 in one direction, and the hydrogen storage alloy storage containers 102 and 104 are passed through the heat medium passages 102a and 104a. Increase or decrease the temperature. For example, a high-temperature heat medium having a maximum temperature of 25 ° C. passing through the heat medium passage 102a is gradually stored from the bottom of the stratified heat storage tank 190, and the filled heat medium is pushed out from the upper end. The heat medium pushed out from the stratified heat storage tank 190 is used for raising the temperature in the hydrogen storage alloy container 104 through the heat medium passage 104a.
[0005]
Further, for example, the heat medium in the low-temperature hydrogen storage alloy container 102 at −20 ° C. is gradually stored from the bottom of the stratified heat storage tank 190, and the filled heat medium is pushed out from the upper end. The heat medium pushed out from the stratified heat storage tank 190 is used to lower the temperature in the hydrogen storage alloy container 104 through the heat medium passage 104a.
[0006]
Further, in the other stratified heat storage tank 191, a heat medium that has passed through the heat medium passage 104 a of the hydrogen storage alloy container 104 is introduced. Thereby, the same action as that between the hydrogen storage alloy storage containers 102 and 104 described above is obtained between the hydrogen storage alloy storage containers 104 and 102.
[0007]
However, in such a conventional sensible heat recovery method of the heat utilization device, the stratified heat storage tanks 190 and 191 are provided on both sides of the hydrogen storage alloy containing containers 102 and 104 which are heat utilization devices. In the middle of the circuit 185, the circuit 185 is connected to the upper part and the lower part, respectively, and the stratified heat storage tanks 190, 191 form a part of the circuit 185 forming an annular shape. For this reason, it has the following technical problems.
[0008]
(1) The heat medium deprived of sensible heat through the heat medium passages 102a and 104a of one of the hydrogen storage alloy containing containers 102 and 104 flows into the stratified heat storage tanks 190 and 191, and from the stratified heat storage tanks 190 and 191. The extruded heat medium is introduced into the heat medium passages 104a and 102a of the other hydrogen storage alloy storage containers 104 and 102, and is used to raise or lower the temperature of the other hydrogen storage alloy storage containers 104 and 102. Therefore, the stratified heat storage tanks 190 and 191 are mainly arranged to increase the length of the circuit 185, and the sensible heat recovered by the stratified heat storage tanks 190 and 191 is paired with a pair of hydrogen storage alloys. It cannot be effectively used to change the temperature of the containers 102 and 104.
[0009]
(2) Since the pump 135 is always driven in one direction and circulates the heat medium in the sensible heat recovery circuit 185 in one direction, the heat medium entered from the lower part of the stratified heat storage tanks 190 and 191 It flows out from the top. For this reason, for example, the heat medium entering from the lower part of the stratified heat storage tanks 190 and 191 and gradually decreasing in temperature from the high temperature state is pushed out from the upper part of the stratified heat storage tanks 190 and 191, and the heat medium gradually decreasing in temperature becomes hydrogen. The temperature of the storage alloy storage containers 104 and 102 is increased. As a result, it has been difficult to give an effective temperature change to the hydrogen storage alloy containing containers 104 and 102.
[0010]
(3) In particular, the hydrogen storage alloy containing container 102 or 104 as one heat utilization device is not used by alternately supplying a high-temperature or low-temperature heat medium separately produced by a heating device and a cooling device. It does not suggest that the sensible heat of the hydrogen storage alloy containing container 102 or 104 is recovered and reused for such usage. Thus, in such a usage, conventionally, the total energy was wasted each time for the temperature change of the hydrogen storage alloy containing container 102 or 104 and the piping system due to repeated heating and cooling.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional technical problem, and its configuration is as follows.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the sensible heat recovery of the heat utilization device that alternately gives the heating state by the heating device 3 and the cooling state by the cooling device 4 and changes the temperature of the heat utilization device (1). apparatus Because, A heat medium passage 1a attached to the heat utilization device (1), a first heat storage tank 6 connected to one end of the heat medium passage 1a, and a first connected to the other end of the heat medium passage 1a. Two heat storage tanks 7, and a transfer device 60 for alternately transferring the heat medium between the internal space 6 b of the first heat storage tank 6 and the internal space 7 b of the second heat storage tank 7, and at least one of them The heat storage tanks 6, 7 are provided at the lower end portions of the heat storage tanks 6, 7 and have heat medium inlets 6 c, 7 c connected to the heat medium passage 1 a, and the transfer device 60 includes the heat storage tanks 6, 7. Connected to the upper end, formed by intake / exhaust means 60 for sending gas in the forward and reverse directions and sucking / exhausting the gas in the internal spaces 6b, 7b of the heat storage tanks 6, 7, and the internal space 6b, The inlet / outlet of both the heat storage tanks 6 and 7 by sucking and discharging the gas of 7b c, heat medium to enter and exit from 7c Sensible heat recovery of heat utilization equipment apparatus It is.
Claim 2 is a sensible heat recovery device of a heat utilization device that alternately gives a heating state by the heating device 3 and a cooling state by the cooling device 4 to change the temperature of the heat utilization device (1). The heat medium passage 1a attached to (1), the first heat storage tank 6 connected to one end of the heat medium passage 1a, and the second heat storage connected to the other end of the heat medium passage 1a. Transfer device that alternately transfers the heat medium between the tank 7, the internal space 6 b of the first heat storage tank 6, and the internal space 7 b of the second heat storage tank 7 60 And having At the same time, heat medium outlets 6c and 7c connected to the heat medium passage 1a are formed at the lower ends of the heat storage tanks 6 and 7, respectively, and the transfer device 60 connects the upper ends of the heat storage tanks 6 and 7 to each other. The pipe 61 is provided with an intake / exhaust means 60 that sends gas in the forward and reverse directions to suck and exhaust the gas in the internal spaces 6b and 7b. By feeding toward the internal spaces 7b and 6b, the heat medium enters and exits from the 7 inlets 6c and 7c of both the heat storage tanks 6 and 7. This is a sensible heat recovery device for a heat utilization device.
Claim 3 Is A sensible heat recovery device for a heat utilization device that alternately gives a heating state by the heating device 3 and a cooling state by the cooling device 4 to change the temperature of the heat utilization device (1), and is attached to the heat utilization device (1). The first heat storage tank 6 connected to one end of the heat medium passage 1a, the second heat storage tank 7 connected to the other end of the heat medium passage 1a, A transfer device that alternately transfers the heat medium between the internal space 6b of the first heat storage tank 6 and the internal space 7b of the second heat storage tank 7, At least one of the heat storage tanks 6 and 7 includes heat medium outlets 6c and 7c that are formed at the lower ends of the heat storage tanks 6 and 7 and are connected to the heat medium passage 1a, and the transfer device includes the heat storage tanks 6 and 7. The ram member 9 is provided in the internal spaces 6b, 7b so as to be slidable in the vertical direction, and the driving device 70 is configured to drive the ram member 9 up and down. 7 is a sensible heat recovery device for a heat utilization device, characterized in that a heat medium enters and exits through the inlet / outlet 6c, 7c.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. The sensible heat recovery device according to the first reference example is provided. Heat utilization equipment The entire Indicates. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a hydrogen recovery container as a heat utilization device, which contains a hydrogen storage alloy M inside and has a heat medium passage 1a for heating or cooling the hydrogen storage alloy M. One end of the heat medium passage 1a is connected to the other end of the flow path 10 including the pump 2 that can be driven forward and backward, which is a transfer device, and one end of the flow path 10 includes a pair of open / close valves 20 and 21, respectively. The flow paths 11 and 12 are connected, the heating device 3 is connected to one flow path 11, and the cooling device 4 is connected to the other flow path 12. In addition, a pair of flow passages 13 and 14 each having open / close valves 22 and 23 are connected to the other end of the heat medium passage 1 a, the heating device 3 is connected to one flow passage 13, and the other flow passage 14. Is connected to the cooling device 4. The heat medium passage 1a and the flow paths 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14 contain a heat medium (including a refrigerant) made of liquid.
[0013]
Thus, by driving the pump 2 with the pair of on-off valves 20 and 22 open, the heat medium heated by the heating device 3 is guided to the heat medium passage 1a and heats the hydrogen storage alloy M. Therefore, hydrogen can be released from the hydrogen storage alloy M. Further, by driving the pump 2 with the pair of on-off valves 21 and 23 being opened, the heat medium cooled by the cooling device 4 is guided to the heat medium passage 1a and cools the hydrogen storage alloy M. The hydrogen storage alloy M can store hydrogen. Occluded or released hydrogen is exchanged with a hydrogen device 50 such as another hydrogen recovery vessel or a hydrogen utilization device connected to the hydrogen recovery vessel 1 via a flow path 51.
[0014]
Furthermore, the heat storage tanks 6 and 7 are connected to both end sides of the heat medium passage 1a through flow paths 15 and 16, respectively. Specifically, the first heat storage tank 6 is connected to the flow path 10 closer to the flow paths 11 and 12 than the pump 2 via the flow path 15 including the open / close valve 24, and hydrogen is recovered from the open / close valve 23. A second heat storage tank 7 is connected to the flow path 14 near the container 1 via a flow path 16 including an opening / closing valve 25. Each of the heat storage tanks 6 and 7 has the same shape, and has a single internal space 6b and 7b having vent holes 6a and 7a at the upper end, and the internal spaces 6b and 7b of both the heat storage tanks 6 and 7 have one side. An amount of the heat medium is contained so that only the internal spaces 6b and 7b are substantially filled. Each of the heat storage tanks 6, 7 has a heat medium inlet / outlet 6 c, 7 c at a lower end portion, to which the flow paths 15, 16 are connected. Thus, by opening both the open / close valves 24 and 25 and driving the pump 2 in the forward or reverse direction, the heat medium in the internal spaces 6b and 7b of any one of the heat storage tanks 6 and 7 is transferred from the entrances 6c and 7c. After flowing out and being guided to the heat medium passage 1a, it can be introduced into the internal spaces 6b, 7b of the other heat storage tanks 6, 7 through the heat medium outlets 6c, 7c.
[0015]
Next, the operation will be described.
A heat medium heated by the heating device 3 and a heat medium cooled by the cooling device 4 are alternately supplied to the heat medium passage 1 a of the hydrogen recovery container 1 to change the temperature of the hydrogen storage alloy M in the hydrogen recovery container 1. give. When releasing hydrogen from the hydrogen storage alloy M, the pump 2 is driven with only the pair of on-off valves 20 and 22 open, and the heat medium heated by the heating device 3 is guided to the heat medium passage 1a. Then, the hydrogen storage alloy M is heated. When storing hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy M, the pump 2 is driven with only the pair of on-off valves 21 and 23 opened, and the heat medium cooled by the cooling device 4 is transferred to the heat medium passage 1a. Then, the hydrogen storage alloy M is cooled. The hydrogen that is occluded or released is exchanged with the other hydrogen device 50 connected to the hydrogen recovery container 1 via the flow path 51 as described above.
[0016]
When the temperature is changed by raising or lowering the hydrogen storage alloy M in the hydrogen recovery container 1 in this way, Using both heat storage tanks 6 and 7 shown in FIG. next As a reference example The operation is performed to recover the sensible heat in the hydrogen recovery container 1. That is, after the heating medium heated by the heating device 3 is introduced and the temperature of the hydrogen storage alloy M in the hydrogen recovery container 1 is raised, the heating medium cooled by the cooling device 4 is introduced and the hydrogen recovery container 1 is introduced. Before the temperature of the hydrogen storage alloy M is lowered, that is, after hydrogen is released from the hydrogen storage alloy M, the heat medium stored in the first heat storage tank 6 is caused to flow out from the inlet / outlet 6c to heat the hydrogen recovery container 1 The heat medium flowing out through the passage 1a is guided to the second heat storage tank 7 to be introduced and stored from the inlet / outlet 7c. At that time, the pump 2 is driven in one direction (direction shown in FIG. 1) with only the pair of opening and closing valves 24 and 25 being opened. In addition, in the internal space 6b of the 1st heat storage tank 6, as shown in FIG. 1, the heat medium whose upper part is comparatively low temperature and whose lower part is comparatively high temperature is already stored. Thereby, the hydrogen storage alloy M in a relatively high temperature state is gradually cooled, and the sensible heat in the hydrogen recovery container 1 is recovered by the heat medium and stored in the second heat storage tank 7. At this time, the heat medium stored in the internal space 7b of the second heat storage tank 7 has a relatively high temperature at the top and a relatively low temperature at the bottom.
[0017]
Further, after introducing the heat medium cooled by the cooling device 4 and lowering the temperature of the hydrogen storage alloy M in the hydrogen recovery container 1, the heat medium heated by the heating device 3 is introduced and the hydrogen recovery alloy 1 in the hydrogen recovery container 1 is introduced. Before the temperature of the hydrogen storage alloy M is increased, that is, after the hydrogen storage alloy M has stored hydrogen, the heat medium stored in the second heat storage tank 7 is passed through the heat medium passage 1a of the hydrogen recovery container 1 to generate heat. The heat medium flowing out from the medium passage 1a is guided to the first heat storage tank 6 and stored. At that time, the pump 2 is driven in the other direction (the direction opposite to the direction shown in FIG. 1) with only the pair of on-off valves 24 and 25 being opened. Accordingly, the hydrogen storage alloy M in a relatively low temperature state is gradually heated, and the sensible heat in the hydrogen recovery container 1 is recovered by the heat medium and stored in the first heat storage tank 6. At this time, the heat medium stored in the internal space 6b of the first heat storage tank 6 is in a state where the upper part is relatively low temperature and the lower part is relatively high temperature.
[0018]
By repeatedly giving such an operation, the sensible heat in the hydrogen recovery container 1 is stored one after another in the first heat storage tank 6 or the second heat storage tank 7, and then the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen recovery container 1. It is effectively used to change the temperature of M. The movement of the heat medium between the two heat storage tanks 6 and 7 is caused by the fact that the heat medium stored in the internal space 6b of the first heat storage tank 6 with the upper part being relatively cold and the lower part being relatively hot is the lower part. Flowing out from the doorway 6c and coming into contact with the high temperature hydrogen storage alloy M, From the first heat storage tank 6 As the temperature gradually drops The flowing heat medium Since the hydrogen storage alloy M is cooled, the temperature of the hydrogen storage alloy M is effectively lowered.
[0019]
Moreover, the heat medium which flowed into the 2nd heat storage tank 7 from the lower entrance 7c, and was stored by the upper part being comparatively high temperature and the lower part being comparatively low temperature state introduce | transduces the heat medium cooled with the cooling device 4. Then, after the temperature of the hydrogen recovery container 1 is lowered and before the temperature of the hydrogen recovery container 1 is increased by introducing the heating medium heated by the heating device 3, the hydrogen recovery container 1 is introduced into the hydrogen recovery container 1. The flowing out heat medium is guided to the first heat storage tank 6 and stored. The movement of the heat medium between the heat storage tanks 6 and 7 is caused by the fact that the heat medium stored in the internal space 7b of the second heat storage tank 7 with the upper part being relatively hot and the lower part being relatively cold is the lower part. Flowing out from the entrance / exit 7c and contacting the low temperature hydrogen storage alloy M, From the second heat storage tank 7 While gradually increasing in temperature The flowing heat medium Since the hydrogen storage alloy M is heated, the temperature of the hydrogen storage alloy M is effectively increased.
[0020]
By the way, above Heat utilization device provided with sensible heat recovery device according to first reference example Therefore, not only the heating medium passage 1a of the hydrogen recovery container 1 is passed through the heat storage tanks 6 and 7, but also the heating medium cooled by the cooling device 4 and the heating medium heated by the heating device 3. It is also shared for passing alternately, but it is also possible to individually provide the heat medium cooled by the cooling device 4, the heat medium heated by the heating device 3, and the heat medium passage through which the heat storage tanks 6 and 7 pass. It is. Further, instead of alternately passing the heat medium cooled by the cooling device 4 and the heat medium heated by the heating device 3 through the heat medium passage 1a of the hydrogen recovery container 1, the cooling device 4 directly passes the outer wall of the hydrogen recovery container 1 directly. It is also possible to cool and heat the outer wall of the hydrogen recovery container 1 directly with the heating device 3 so that the heat medium and the heat medium passage 1 a can be used only for the heat storage tanks 6 and 7.
[0021]
In this way, a large amount (about 70%) of heat energy in the hydrogen recovery container 1 can be recovered in both the heat storage tanks 6 and 7, and the hydrogen recovery container 1 is heated by the heating device 3 and cooled by the cooling device 4. This can be done with minimal energy consumption.
[0022]
Next, the sensible heat recovery device of the heat utilization device provided with a transfer device different from the pump 2 Embodiment Will be described.
FIG. 2 shows the first of the sensible heat recovery device of the heat utilization device. Embodiment The heating device 3 and the cooling device 4 are omitted. The heat storage tanks 6 and 7 are hermetically sealed with the upper end vent holes 6a and 7a closed, and the heat medium inlet / outlet 6c at the lower end of the heat storage tanks 6 and 7 having internal spaces 6b and 7b for accommodating the heat medium. 7c, and a pipe 61 that communicates the upper ends of the heat storage tanks 6 and 7 with a suction / exhaust means 60 that feeds gas in the forward and reverse directions to suck and exhaust the gas in the internal spaces 6b and 7b. The suction / discharge means 60 can be formed by a compressor capable of forward / reverse feeding. The inlet / outlet 6c of the first heat storage tank 6 is connected to one end of the heat medium passage 1a by a flow path 75, and the inlet / outlet 7c of the second heat storage tank 7 is connected by a flow path 76 to the heat medium passage. It is connected to the other end of 1a.
[0023]
As shown in FIG. 2, if the intake / exhaust means 60 is driven in one direction and the gas in the internal space 6 b of the first heat storage tank 6 is sent into the upper part of the internal space 7 b of the second heat storage tank 7 through the pipe 61. The heat medium stored in the internal space 7b of the second heat storage tank 7 flows into the internal space 6b of the first heat storage tank 6 through the flow paths 76 and 75 and the heat medium passage 1a. Further, if the intake / exhaust means 60 is driven in the other direction and the gas in the internal space 7b of the second heat storage tank 7 is sent to the upper part in the internal space 6b of the first heat storage tank 6 through the pipe 61, the first The heat medium stored in the internal space 6b of the heat storage tank 6 flows into the internal space 7b of the second heat storage tank 7 through the flow paths 75 and 76 and the heat medium passage 1a.
[0024]
Thus, before the hydrogen recovery container 1 is heated by the heating device 3 and then cooled by the cooling device 4, the heat medium stored in the first heat storage tank 6 is stored in the hydrogen recovery container 1. The heat medium introduced into the heat medium passage 1a and flowing out from the heat medium passage 1a of the hydrogen recovery container 1 is guided and stored in the second heat storage tank 7, and the hydrogen recovery container 1 is cooled by the cooling device 4. After that, before heating by the heating device 3, the heat medium stored in the second heat storage tank 7 is introduced into the heat medium passage 1 a of the hydrogen recovery container 1, and from the heat medium passage 1 a of the hydrogen recovery container 1. The flowing out heat medium can be guided and stored in the first heat storage tank 6, and the sensible heat of the hydrogen recovery container 1 can be recovered in the first heat storage tank 6 and the second heat storage tank 7.
[0025]
This first Embodiment According to the above, since the pump 2 through which the heat medium flows is not used, it is possible to prevent the heat from being taken away by the pump and to reduce the heat efficiency and to easily send the heat medium having corrosiveness, explosiveness, etc. it can. Incidentally, a pump that sends a corrosive and explosive heat medium has a complicated structure using a special material, so it is inferior in maintainability and expensive.
[0026]
Furthermore, since the internal spaces 6b and 7b of both the heat storage tanks 6 and 7 are sealed and shut off from the outside air, it is difficult to be restricted by the type of gas stored in the internal spaces 6b and 7b, and a gas other than air is used. It is possible. Further, since the flow rate of the heat medium can be controlled by the amount of gas fed by the intake / exhaust means 60, the flow rate of the heat medium can be easily increased or decreased without directly touching the heat medium being transferred.
[0027]
FIG. 3 shows a second example of the sensible heat recovery device of the heat utilization device. Embodiment The first shown in FIG. Embodiment Is different in that the vent hole 7a is formed in the upper end portion of the second heat storage tank 7 and the portion of the pipe 61 connecting the intake / exhaust means 60 and the second heat storage tank 7 is omitted. Second Embodiment According to the first Embodiment Compared to the above, air is forcibly sucked and discharged into the internal space 6b of the first heat storage tank 6 by forward / reverse driving of the suction / discharge means 60, and accordingly, the air in the internal space 7b of the second heat storage tank 7 is Except for air entering and exiting from the vent hole 7a, substantially the same effect can be obtained.
[0028]
FIG. 4 shows a third example of the sensible heat recovery device of the heat utilization device. Embodiment Indicates. Third Embodiment In this case, a ram member 9 formed inside the heat storage tanks 6 and 7 and slidable in the vertical direction in the internal spaces 6b and 7b for accommodating the heat medium, and a drive device for driving the ram member 9 up and down. 70, and the ram member 9 is driven up and down, the heat medium is forcibly entered and exited from the entrances 6c and 7c at the lower ends of the heat storage tanks 6 and 7. One end portion of the heat medium passage 1 a of the hydrogen recovery container 1 is connected to the inlet / outlet 6 c at the lower end portion of the heat storage tank 6 via the flow path 75, and the other end portion of the heat medium passage 1 a stores heat via the flow path 76. The tank 7 is connected to the entrance / exit 7 c at the lower end of the tank 7. The open / close valves 24 and 25 provided in the flow paths 75 and 76 are omitted.
[0029]
The drive device 70 for the ram member 9 of the first heat storage tank 6 is constituted by a double-acting cylinder device 71 disposed in the upper part of the heat storage tank 6, and the piston 71b is slidable inside the cylinder 71a. The upper pressure chamber 71 d and the lower pressure chamber 71 e are partitioned by fitting, and the piston rod 71 c is connected to the ram member 9. Thus, by supplying the pressure fluid to the upper pressure chamber 71d and draining the lower pressure chamber 71e, the piston 71b, the piston rod 71c, and the ram member 9 are lowered, so that the internal space 6b of the first heat storage tank 6 enters the interior space 6b. The stored heat medium flows out from the entrance 6c. Further, by supplying a pressure fluid to the lower pressure chamber 71e and draining the upper pressure chamber 71d, the piston 71b, the piston rod 71c, and the ram member 9 are raised, so that the heat medium is passed through the inlet / outlet 6c to the first heat storage tank 6. Flows into the internal space 6b.
[0030]
The driving device 70 for the ram member 9 of the second heat storage tank 7 is configured by a screw device 72 disposed on the upper portion of the heat storage tank 7, and is rotatably disposed through the second heat storage tank 7. A screw member 72a to which the ram member 9 is rotatably coupled to the lower end, a nut member (not shown) fixed to the upper portion of the heat storage tank 7 and screwed into the screw member 72a, and the screw member 72a are connected to each other. On the other hand, it has a motor device 72b that rotationally drives.
[0031]
Thus, by rotating the screw member 72a in one direction by the motor device 72b, the screw member 72a and the ram member 9 screwed into the nut member are lowered, and the screw member 72a is rotated in the other direction. By doing so, since the screw member 72a and the ram member 9 can be raised, the same operation as that of the driving device 70 of the first heat storage tank 6 can be obtained. A nut member (not shown) is disposed on the upper portion of the second heat storage tank 7 so as to be rotatable only, and the screw member 72a is passed through the upper wall of the second heat storage tank 7 so that the screw member 72a cannot rotate and can be moved up and down. Even if it is arranged and the nut member is rotationally driven in the forward and reverse directions by the motor device 72b, the same action can be obtained.
[0032]
The third of the sensible heat recovery device of this heat utilization device Embodiment According to the first embodiment, since the pump 2 through which the heat medium flows is not used, it is possible to prevent the heat efficiency from being lost due to the pump being deprived of heat. Embodiment It is possible to obtain substantially the same operational effects. The third Embodiment The driving device 70 of the ram member 9 forcibly causes the heat medium in the internal spaces 6b and 7b of the heat storage tanks 6 and 7 to enter and exit, so that only one of the heat storage tanks 6 and 7 includes the driving device 70, The other heat storage tanks 6 and 7 can be replaced by heat storage tanks 6 and 7 having vent holes 6a and 7a at the upper end as shown in FIG.
[0033]
FIG. 5 shows a fourth example of the sensible heat recovery device of the heat utilization device. Embodiment Indicates. 4th Embodiment Therefore, a ram member 9 that is formed inside the heat storage tank 66 and is slidable in the vertical direction in an internal space 66b that accommodates the heat medium, and a drive device 70 that drives the ram member 9 up and down are provided. Then, by driving the ram member 9 up and down, the entrances 66 c at both the upper and lower ends of the heat storage tank 66 are driven. ₁ 66c ₂ The heating medium enters and exits. The internal space 66b is separated from the upper space 66b by the ram member 9. ₁ And lower space 66b ₂ One end portion of the heat medium passage 1a of the hydrogen recovery container 1 is connected to a lower end inlet / outlet 66c via a flow path 75. ₂ The other end of the heat medium passage 1a is connected to the upper and lower ports 66c via the flow channel 76. ₁ It is connected to the. The open / close valves 24 and 25 provided in the flow paths 75 and 76 are omitted.
[0034]
The heat storage tank 66 is formed of a nonmagnetic material having magnetic permeability, and a magnetic member 9a is embedded in at least two positions in the diameter direction of the ram member 9 made of nonmagnetic material, and each magnetic member 9a is embedded. The magnets 73 are arranged outside the heat storage tank 66 so as to face each other. The magnet 73 is supported by the support member 73a and can be moved in the vertical direction by the support member 73a being guided by the guide member 74 extending in the vertical direction. The magnetic member 9a attached to the ram member 9, the magnet 73 and guide member 74 attached to the support member 73a, and the elevating device 73b for elevating and driving the support member 73a constitute the drive device 70 for the ram member 9.
[0035]
Thus, by driving the elevating device 73b and moving the support member 73a and the magnet 73 up and down along the guide member 74, the magnetic member 9a receives the attractive force and the ram member 9 follows and moves. The upper space 66b passes through the flow paths 75 and 76 and the heat medium passage 1a. ₁ And lower space 66b ₂ Move between. Like this Embodiment Since no pump is used in the sensible heat recovery of the hydrogen recovery container 1, the first Embodiment It is possible to obtain almost the same effect as. However, the upper space 66b ₁ And the lower space 66b ₂ The heat medium stored in the upper space 66b is less likely to cause natural convection because the lower part is at a low temperature and the upper part is at a high temperature. ₁ And the lower space 66b ₂ It is possible to effectively use the sensible heat recovered in the above for the temperature change of the hydrogen recovery container 1. In addition, the raising / lowering apparatus 73b can be comprised by the linear motor arrange | positioned between the guide member 74 and the support member 73a, for example, and can drive the support member 73a and the magnet 73 up and down with a linear motor. Is possible. Various types of driving devices 70 can be used.
[0036]
The third and fourth sensible heat recovery devices of the heat utilization device shown in FIGS. Embodiment In FIG. 5, a sensor for detecting the pressure or flow rate of the heat medium may be provided in the flow paths 75 and 76, and the driving speed of the ram member 9 by the drive device 70 may be controlled so that the pressure or flow rate is appropriate.
[0037]
6 and 7 show the sensible heat recovery device of the heat utilization device. 2 Reference An example is shown. First 2 Reference For example, the internal space 66b is formed in the upper space 66b by a partition member 19 that is formed inside the heat storage tank 66 and is slidable in the vertical direction in an internal space 66b that accommodates the heat medium. ₁ And lower space 66b ₂ And was divided into One end of the heat medium passage 1 a is an inlet / outlet 66 c at the lower end of the heat storage tank 66. ₂ The other end of the heat medium passage 1 a is connected to the upper and lower ports 66 c of the heat storage tank 66 via the flow channel 16. ₁ It is connected to the. The partition member 19 is given substantially the same specific gravity as the heat medium. Further, the open / close valves 24 and 25 provided in the flow paths 15 and 16 are omitted.
[0038]
Thus, when the temperature is changed by raising or lowering the hydrogen storage alloy M in the hydrogen recovery container 1, the following operation is performed to recover the sensible heat in the hydrogen recovery container 1. That is, after introducing the heat medium heated by the heating device 3 and raising the temperature of the hydrogen recovery container 1, before introducing the heat medium cooled by the cooling device 4 and lowering the temperature of the hydrogen recovery container 1, As shown in FIG. 7, the pump 2 is driven in the other direction, and the upper space 66b ₁ The heat medium stored in the upper end entrance 66c ₁ The heat medium flowing out from the heat medium passage 1a of the hydrogen recovery container 1 is passed through the heat medium passage 1a at the lower end of the inlet / outlet 66c. ₂ From the bottom space 66b ₂ Lead to and store. At that time, the partition member 19 moves upward in the internal space 66b. The upper space 66b ₁ As shown in FIG. 6, a heat medium having a relatively high temperature in the upper part and a relatively low temperature in the lower part has already been stored. Thereby, the hydrogen storage alloy M in a relatively high temperature state is gradually cooled, and the sensible heat of the hydrogen recovery container 1 is recovered by the heat medium so that the lower space 66b. ₂ It is stored in. At this time, the lower space 66b ₂ The heat medium stored in the upper part has a relatively high temperature in the upper part and a relatively low temperature in the lower part.
[0039]
In addition, after introducing the heat medium cooled by the cooling device 4 and lowering the temperature of the hydrogen recovery container 1, before introducing the heat medium heated by the heating device 3 and raising the temperature of the hydrogen recovery container 1, The pump 2 is driven in one direction as shown in FIG. ₂ The heat medium stored in is passed through the heat medium passage 1a of the hydrogen recovery container 1, and the heat medium flowing out of the hydrogen recovery container 1 is passed through the upper space 66b. ₁ Lead to and store. At that time, the partition member 19 moves downward in the internal space 66b. Thereby, the hydrogen storage alloy M in a relatively low temperature state is gradually heated, and the sensible heat of the hydrogen recovery container 1 is recovered by the heat medium, so that the upper space 66b. ₁ It is stored in. At this time, the upper space 66b ₁ The temperature distribution of the heat medium stored in the upper part is relatively high in the upper part and relatively low in the lower part. Thus, the upper space 66b partitioned by the partition member 19 ₁ And the lower space 66b ₂ In FIG. 5, since the heat medium flowing out from one flows into the other, the flow of the heat medium becomes relatively smooth. Embodiment Similarly to the upper space 66b, ₁ Mixing due to the dropping of the heat medium in is suppressed.
[0040]
Such an upper space 66b ₁ And lower space 66b ₂ The movement of the heating medium between the Embodiment Similarly, the heating medium stored with the upper part being relatively hot and the lower part being cold is used as the lower end inlet / outlet 66c. ₂ The hydrogen storage alloy M flows out from the low temperature side and comes into contact with the hydrogen storage alloy M in the low temperature state, and the heating medium heats the hydrogen storage alloy M as the temperature rises gradually, so that the temperature of the hydrogen storage alloy M is effectively increased. , Doorway 66c at the upper end ₁ Since it flows out from the high temperature side and contacts the hydrogen storage alloy M in a high temperature state, the temperature of the hydrogen storage alloy M is lowered while the heat medium gradually decreases in temperature, so that the temperature of the hydrogen storage alloy M is effectively lowered.
[0041]
Also, the upper space 66b ₁ And the lower space 66b ₂ Since the flow of the heat medium in and out is the same, the upper space 66b ₁ And the lower space 66b ₂ In both cases, the convection and mixing of the heat medium are prevented satisfactorily and the retention of the temperature distribution of the heat medium is improved, so that useless energy consumption can be prevented. In addition, the fourth shown in FIG. Embodiment Since only one heat storage tank 66 is required, the structure is simple and compact.
[0042]
8 and 9 show the sensible heat recovery device of the heat utilization device. 3 Reference An example is shown. First 3 Reference For example, the internal spaces 6b and 7b of the respective heat storage tanks 6 and 7 are divided into a plurality of housing spaces 60b and 70b by vertical walls 68 and 78 extending vertically, and a heat medium entrance 6c. , 7c communicate with all of the plurality of accommodating spaces 60b, 70b. Actually, the vertical walls 68 and 78 fixed to the respective heat storage tanks 6 and 7 at predetermined intervals are disposed only in the intermediate portions of the internal spaces 6b and 7b, and the heat medium is provided at the lower ends of the internal spaces 6b and 7b. Entrance / exit space 6c communicating with entrances / exits 6c, 7c ₁ 7c ₁ And a ventilation space 6a communicating with the single ventilation holes 6a and 7a at the upper ends of the internal spaces 6b and 7b. ₁ 7a ₁ Is formed. The open / close valves 24 and 25 provided in the flow paths 15 and 16 are omitted.
[0043]
Thus, by driving the pump 2 in the forward and reverse directions, the heat medium passes through the flow paths 15 and 16 and the heat medium passage 1a, and further, the heat medium inlet / outlet ports 6c and 7c, and the inlet / outlet space 6c. ₁ 7c ₁ And move between the plurality of accommodation spaces 60b, 70b. At that time, the air in the plurality of housing spaces 60b and 70b is moved into the ventilation space 6a. ₁ 7a ₁ It goes in and out from the vent holes 6a and 7a. In this way, regarding the sensible heat recovery of the hydrogen recovery container 1, First reference example It is possible to obtain almost the same effect as. In addition, since the plurality of housing spaces 60b, 70b in which the heat medium accumulates are partitioned by the vertical walls 68, 78, the left and right are narrow, and the ratio of the length / width of the convection is large. Natural convection hardly occurs in the heat medium having a temperature distribution in the accommodation spaces 60b and 70b. As a result, the performance of maintaining the temperature distribution in the storage spaces 60b and 70b is improved, and the sensible heat recovered in the storage spaces 60b and 70b can be effectively used for the temperature change of the hydrogen recovery container 1. . The vertical walls 68 and 78 can be applied to the heat storage tanks 6 and 7 for storing a heat medium having a temperature distribution, but at least one of the heat storage tanks 6 and 7, particularly the upper part is relatively low temperature and the lower part is lower. What is necessary is just to provide in the 1st heat storage tank 6 in which a heat medium is stored as a comparatively high temperature state, and to suppress the natural convection of a heat medium.
[0044]
In FIG. 10, the internal space 6b of the first heat storage tank 6 is divided into three accommodation spaces 60b by two longitudinal walls 68 ′. reference An example is shown. However, this reference In the example, the vertical wall 68 ′ is disposed over the entire vertical width of the internal space 6b, the three accommodating spaces 60b are made independent, and the entrance / exit space 6c at the lower end of the internal spaces 6b and 7b. ₁ 7c ₁ And the ventilation space 6a at the upper end. ₁ 7a ₁ Are omitted. For this reason, the upper end of the first heat storage tank 6 has a vent hole 6a that communicates with each accommodation space 60b. ₂ , 6a _Three , 6a _Four Are formed individually, and at the lower end portion, the heating medium inlet / outlet 6c communicating with each of the accommodating spaces 60b. ₂ , 6c _Three , 6c _Four Are individually formed. If the space is divided into three accommodating spaces 60b as in this example, the ratio of the length / width of the convection is appropriately increased, so that it is influenced by the viscosity of the heat medium. Further, it is possible to satisfactorily suppress the natural convection indicated by the arrows in FIG. 10 in the heat medium stored in the accommodation space 60b having a temperature distribution. Similarly, the second heat storage tank 7 can be partitioned into three accommodation spaces 70b.
[0045]
11 and 12 show the sensible heat recovery device of the heat utilization device. 4 Reference An example is shown. First 4 Reference For example, the internal spaces 6b and 7b of the respective heat storage tanks 6 and 7 are accommodated by a plurality of lateral walls 81 and 91 extending in the left-right direction (horizontal direction perpendicular to the temperature gradient of the heat medium). Divided into spaces 60b and 70b, the inlet / outlet ports 6c and 7c for the heat medium communicate with the accommodation spaces 60b and 70b at the lower end, and the accommodation spaces 60b and 70b at the upper end communicate with the single vent holes 6a and 7a. . Each of the lateral walls 81 and 91 is fixed to the inner wall of each of the heat storage tanks 6 and 7 at a predetermined interval, and has openings 81a and 91a communicating with the upper and lower accommodation spaces 60b and 70b as shown in FIG. . The open / close valves 24 and 25 provided in the flow paths 15 and 16 are omitted.
[0046]
Thus, by driving the pump 2 in the forward and reverse directions, the heat medium passes through the flow paths 15 and 16 and the heat medium passage 1a, enters and exits the accommodation spaces 60b and 70b at the lower end via the heat medium entrances 6c and 7c. To do. The heat medium moves between the upper and lower storage spaces 60b and 70b while flowing through the openings 81a and 91a formed in the respective boundary walls 81 and 91 by the heat medium entering and exiting from the lower storage spaces 60b and 70b. To do. At that time, air in the accommodation spaces 60b and 70b (internal spaces 6b and 7b) enters and exits through the vent holes 6a and 7a. In this way, regarding the sensible heat recovery of the hydrogen recovery container 1, First reference example It is possible to obtain almost the same effect as. In addition, the internal spaces 6b and 7b in which the heat medium accumulates are partitioned into a plurality of storage spaces 60b and 70b by the lateral walls 81 and 91, and the vertical widths of the storage spaces 60b and 70b are narrow. The natural convection in the heat medium between the accommodation spaces 60b and 70b adjacent to each other in the vertical direction is suppressed. As a result, the performance of maintaining the temperature distribution in the storage spaces 60b and 70b is improved, and the sensible heat recovered in the storage spaces 60b and 70b can be effectively used for the temperature change of the hydrogen recovery container 1. . The boundary walls 81 and 91 can be applied to the heat storage tanks 6 and 7 for storing a heat medium having a temperature distribution, but at least one of the heat storage tanks 6 and 7, particularly the upper part is relatively low temperature and the lower part is lower. What is necessary is just to provide in the 1st heat storage tank 6 in which the heat medium of a comparatively high temperature state is stored, and to suppress the natural convection of a heat medium.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
As understood from the above description, the sensible heat recovery device for a heat utilization device according to the present invention can provide the following effects.
(1) Heat storage tanks are arranged on both sides of the heat medium passage of the heat utilization device, and a heat medium having a temperature gradient is reciprocated in the heat storage tank to heat or cool the heat utilization device. As a result, in the heat utilization device in which the heating state by the heating device and the cooling state by the cooling device are alternately applied, the sensible heat of the heat utilization device is effectively stored in the heat storage tank, and this is effectively used for the next heating or cooling it can. As a result, at the time of heating / cooling by the heating device or the cooling device, a minimum amount of energy consumed for replenishment is sufficient, and waste of energy can be reduced.
[0048]
(2) Claim 1 According to the present invention, the gas in the internal space is absorbed and exhausted by the intake / exhaust means, so that the heat medium enters and exits from the entrance and exit of both heat storage tanks, and the transfer device through which the heat medium flows is not used. It is possible to prevent the heat efficiency of the medium from being deprived of heat and to reduce the heat efficiency, and to easily send a heat medium having corrosiveness, explosiveness, or the like. Furthermore, since the flow rate of the heat medium can be controlled by changing the gas feed amount by the intake / exhaust means, the flow rate of the heat medium can be easily increased or decreased without directly touching the heat medium being transferred.
[0049]
(3) Claim 2 According to the transfer device, the transfer device in which the heat medium is circulated is formed by the intake / exhaust means for sending / removing the gas in the internal space to the pipe connecting the upper end portions of the two heat storage tanks in the forward and reverse directions. Is not used, the heat efficiency of the heat transfer medium is prevented from being lost to the transfer device, and a heat transfer medium having corrosiveness, explosiveness, etc. can be easily sent. In addition, the internal space of both heat storage tanks can be sealed off from the outside air except for the inlet and outlet of the heat medium and the gas inlet / outlet by the intake / exhaust means. Therefore, it is possible to use a gas other than air. Further, since the flow rate of the heat medium can be controlled by changing the gas feed amount by the intake / exhaust means, the flow rate of the heat medium can be easily increased or decreased without directly touching the heat medium being transferred.
[0050]
(4) Claim 3 Therefore, in at least one of the heat storage tanks, the heat medium in the internal space of the heat storage tank is forcibly brought in and out by the drive device, and the transfer device through which the heat medium flows is not used. The heat efficiency is prevented from deteriorating due to the loss of heat. In addition, since the flow rate of the heat medium can be controlled by changing the feed amount of the ram member by the driving device, the flow rate of the heat medium can be easily controlled to increase or decrease without directly touching the heat medium being transferred.
[Brief description of the drawings]
[Figure 1] The sensible heat recovery device according to the first reference example is provided. Heat utilization device Whole FIG.
[Figure 2] According to the embodiment of the present invention First of the sensible heat recovery device of the heat utilization device Embodiment FIG.
FIG. 3 shows the second sensible heat recovery device of the heat utilization device. Embodiment FIG.
FIG. 4 shows a third of the sensible heat recovery device of the heat utilization device. Embodiment FIG.
FIG. 5 shows the fourth sensible heat recovery device of the heat utilization device. Embodiment FIG.
FIG. 6 shows the first of the sensible heat recovery device of the heat utilization device. 2 Reference Schematic which abbreviate | omits an example and shows it.
FIG. 7 2 Reference FIG.
FIG. 8 shows the first of the sensible heat recovery device of the heat utilization device. 3 Reference Schematic which abbreviate | omits an example and shows it.
9 is a sectional view taken along line IX-IX in FIG.
[Figure 10] Other heat storage tanks reference Schematic showing an example.
FIG. 11 shows the first of the sensible heat recovery device of the heat utilization device. 4 Reference Schematic which abbreviate | omits an example and shows it.
12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XII-XII in FIG.
FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing a sensible heat recovery device of a conventional heat utilization device.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: hydrogen recovery container (heat utilization device), 1a: heat medium passage, 2: pump (transfer device), 3: heating device, 4: cooling device, 6: first heat storage tank, 6b: internal space, 6c: Heat medium inlet / outlet, 7: second heat storage tank, 7b: internal space, 7c: heat medium inlet / outlet, 9: ram member, 19: partition member, 60: intake / exhaust means, 60b, 70b: housing space, 61: piping , 66: heat storage tank, 66b: internal space, 66b ₁ : Upper space, 66b ₂ : Lower space, 66c ₁ : Entrance, 66c ₂ : Gateway, 68, 78: longitudinal wall, 70: driving device, 81, 91: lateral wall, 81a, 91a: opening, M: hydrogen storage alloy.

Claims

A sensible heat recovery device for a heat utilization device that alternately gives a heating state by a heating device (3) and a cooling state by a cooling device (4) and gives a temperature change to the heat utilization device (1),
A heat medium passage (1a) attached to the heat utilization device (1), a first heat storage tank (6) connected to one end of the heat medium passage (1a), and a heat medium passage (1a) Between the second heat storage tank (7) connected to the other end, the internal space (6b) of the first heat storage tank (6), and the internal space (7b) of the second heat storage tank (7). A transfer device (60) for alternately transferring the heat medium,
At least one of the heat storage tanks (6, 7) includes a heat medium inlet / outlet (6c, 7c) formed at the lower end of the heat storage tank (6, 7) and connected to the heat medium passage (1a), and is transferred A device (60) is connected to the upper end of the heat storage tank (6, 7), and sucks and discharges gas in the internal space (6b, 7b) of the heat storage tank (6, 7) by sending gas forward and backward. It is formed by the means (60), and the gas in the internal space (6b, 7b) is sucked and discharged by the suction / discharge means (60), so that it can be removed from the inlet / outlet (6c, 7c) of both the heat storage tanks (6, 7). A sensible heat recovery device for a heat utilization device, wherein the heat medium enters and exits .

A sensible heat recovery device for a heat utilization device that alternately gives a heating state by a heating device (3) and a cooling state by a cooling device (4) and gives a temperature change to the heat utilization device (1),
A heat medium passage (1a) attached to the heat utilization device (1), a first heat storage tank (6) connected to one end of the heat medium passage (1a), and a heat medium passage (1a) Between the second heat storage tank (7) connected to the other end, the internal space (6b) of the first heat storage tank (6), and the internal space (7b) of the second heat storage tank (7). A transfer device ( 60 ) for transferring the heat medium alternately ,
The heat medium inlet / outlet (6c, 7c) connected to the heat medium passage (1a) is formed at the lower end of both heat storage tanks (6, 7), respectively, and the transfer device (60) is connected to both heat storage tanks (6, 6). The pipe (61) connecting the upper ends of 7) is provided with suction / exhaust means (60) for sending and receiving gas in the forward and reverse directions to suck and exhaust the gas in the internal space (6b, 7b). ), The gas in one internal space (6b, 7b) is sent toward the other internal space (7b, 6b), so that the heat medium is transferred from the inlet / outlet (6c, 7c) of both heat storage tanks (6, 7). sensible heat recovery system of the heat utilization device, characterized in that but in and out.

A sensible heat recovery device for a heat utilization device that alternately gives a heating state by a heating device (3) and a cooling state by a cooling device (4) and gives a temperature change to the heat utilization device (1),
A heat medium passage (1a) attached to the heat utilization device (1), a first heat storage tank (6) connected to one end of the heat medium passage (1a), and a heat medium passage (1a) Between the second heat storage tank (7) connected to the other end, the internal space (6b) of the first heat storage tank (6), and the internal space (7b) of the second heat storage tank (7). And having a transfer device for transferring the heat medium alternately,
At least one of the heat storage tanks (6, 7) includes a heat medium inlet / outlet (6c, 7c) formed at the lower end of the heat storage tank (6, 7) and connected to the heat medium passage (1a), and is transferred A ram member (9) provided in the interior space (6b, 7b) of the heat storage tank (6, 7) so as to be slidable in the vertical direction, and a drive device (70) for driving the ram member (9) up and down. And a sensible heat recovery device for a heat utilization device, wherein the heat medium enters and exits through the inlet / outlet (6c, 7c) of the heat storage tank (6, 7) by driving the ram member (9) up and down.