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JP4054901B2 - Row seedling width detection device in transplanter - Google Patents
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JP4054901B2 - Row seedling width detection device in transplanter - Google Patents

Row seedling width detection device in transplanter Download PDF

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JP4054901B2
JP4054901B2 JP2003025971A JP2003025971A JP4054901B2 JP 4054901 B2 JP4054901 B2 JP 4054901B2 JP 2003025971 A JP2003025971 A JP 2003025971A JP 2003025971 A JP2003025971 A JP 2003025971A JP 4054901 B2 JP4054901 B2 JP 4054901B2
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seedling
row
row seedling
measuring arm
length measuring
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JP2004236506A (en
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雅博 遠藤
隆仁 玉尾
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株式会社サークル鉄工
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、移植機における列苗幅検出装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
紙筒苗を縦横に多数列設してなる連結苗群から、まず苗を列状にすなわち列苗の状態で1列ずつ分離し、その後、その各列苗から個々の苗を分離して圃場に移植する移植機に搭載され、上記各列苗の幅を検出する列苗幅検出装置としては、たとえば図7に示した特開平9−74832号公報(特許文献1)記載のものがある。
この列苗幅検出装置は、連結苗群Pを列苗分離機構1(苗列分離部)に向けて搬送するベルトコンベア2の搬送方向左右両側に配設した測長アーム3,3’に複数のローラ4…を軸支するとともに、それらのローラ4…にガイドベルト5,5’を回転自在に巻回してなるものである。
上記測長アーム3,3’は、その基端部を中心に回動自在にして、かつ、送出端側先端部を閉じる方向にバネによって付勢されていて、上記ベルトコンベア2で搬送される上記連結苗群Pの両側面に、上記ガイドベルト5,5’を常時当接させている。
これによって、測長アーム3,3’が連結苗群Pの幅の変化に応じて回動するようにするとともに、その回動角度を検出することにより、ベルトコンベア2上を搬送される上記連結苗群Pの各列苗の幅を連続的に算出できるようにしている。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開平9−74832号公報
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記連結苗群Pは、通常、所定の幅,長さをなす1冊の連結苗群を1/2または1/3に分割し、苗箱に収容して移植機に搭載されるものであるところ、各紙筒苗の水分状態や、それらの底部に付着している土の状態によって、分割の際に隅角部が大きく欠損して幅狭の列苗が生じることがある。
幅狭の列苗を含む連結苗群Pが搬送されてきたときには、上記列苗幅検出装置のガイドベルト5,5’は前後の幅広の列苗に当接してしまうので、上記測長アーム3,3’を、上記幅狭の列苗の側面に当接するところまで閉じることができず、その幅狭の列苗の幅を正確に検出できないというようなことがある。
【0005】
そこで、本発明は、上記のように隅角部が大きく欠損している場合であっても、搬送される当該連結苗群Pの各列苗、すなわち列苗分離機構に対し順次最前列となる列苗の幅を正確に検出することができるようにしようとするものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1記載の本発明は、連結苗群を搬送する連結苗群搬送機構と、その連結苗群搬送機構により搬送される連結苗群の列苗の幅を検出する列苗幅検出装置と、最前列の列苗を後続の列苗から分離し列苗搬送機構に移載する列苗分離機構とを備えた移植機において、(i)基端部11c,11c’を回動自在に軸支し、先端部11b,11b’を互いに対向させた状態にして、連結苗群搬送機構Bの搬送方向左右に配設した一対の測長アーム11,11’と、(ii)上記測長アーム11,11’を閉じる方向に付勢するバネ14,14’と、(iii)上記測長アーム11,11’に基端を対向位置させ、先端を列苗分離機構D側に向けた状態で摺動自在にして支持され、かつ、バネ19a,19a’により上記列苗分離機構D方向に付勢されている測長アーム拡開ロッド18,18’と、(iv)上記測長アーム11,11’の回動角度を検出するポテンションメータ17,17’と、(v)上記ポテンションメータ17,17’からの信号を検出し、上記測長アーム11,11’の先端部11b,11b’に挟まれた列苗Pnの幅を算出する演算部を備えてなる列苗幅検出装置である。
【0007】
請求項2記載の本発明は、測長アーム11,11’は、列苗分離機構Dが連結苗群Pから分離した先行する苗列P(n−1)を列苗搬送機構Fに移載するときに、最前列の列苗Pnの幅を算出させるために閉じ、その後、連結苗群搬送機構Bが連結苗群Pを搬送し、上記列苗分離機構Dがその最前列の列苗Pnを連結苗群Pから分離するときに、拡開するようにしてなる請求項1記載の移植機における列苗幅検出装置である。
【0008】
請求項3記載の本発明は、測長アーム拡開ロッド18,18’が、列苗分離機構Dの回動に伴って基端方向に押し込まれたときに、該測長アーム拡開ロッド18,18’の基端により上記測長アーム11,11’の拡開ロッド受け板16,16’が押圧され、これにより、上記測長アーム11,11’が拡開されるようにしてなる請求項1または2記載の移植機における列苗幅検出装置である。
【0009】
請求項4記載の本発明は、測長アーム拡開ロッド18,18’が、列苗分離機構Dの回動に伴い、該測長アーム拡開ロッド18,18’を該列苗搬送機構D方向に付勢する上記バネ19a,19a’により摺動されたときに、上記測長アーム11,11’が、それを閉じる方向に付勢する上記バネ14,14’により閉じられるようにしてなる請求項1,2または3記載の移植機における列苗幅検出装置である。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下本発明を図示の実施形態について説明する。
【0011】
Aは左右の側板6,6’からなる機台、B1はその機台Aの連結苗群受入端側に配設した複数の回転ローラ7…からなる受入ローラコンベア、B2は上記機台Aの送出端側に配設した送出ベルトコンベア、B3は、それらB1とB2の間に配設した転載ベルトコンベアで、これらB1〜B3は図示しないアクチュエータにより連動する連結苗群搬送機構Bを構成している。
この連結苗群搬送機構Bは、受入ローラコンベアB1の上に搭載した苗箱8に収容されている連結苗群Pを、まず転載ベルトコンベアB3に送出移載するとともに、さらにその転載ベルトコンベアB3と上記送出ベルトコンベアB2によって送出端側へ搬送する。
【0012】
9…は、上記送出ベルトコンベアB2と転載ベルトコンベアB3の搬送方向左右両側に設置したベルトガイド傾斜板で、それは両ベルトコンベアB2,B3に架設している無端ベルトの左右縁部が水平走行区間において盛り上がるように、その無端ベルトの水平走行区間の下側に挿入位置させている。
このように、ベルトガイド傾斜板9…によって、無端ベルトの左右縁部が、水平走行区間において盛り上がるようにしているので、搬送される連結苗群Pは、たとえば傾斜地で移植機が傾いて、上記転載ベルトコンベアB3,送出ベルトコンベアB2上で左右に偏倚しても、縁部の盛り上がりに接するところで留まり、正確に送出端側へ搬送されるようになっている。
【0013】
10,10’は機台Aの側板6,6’の上部の、上記送出端寄りの位置に固着されている測長アーム取付枠体である。
11,11’は、主体部11a,11a’の一側に、弾性部材12,12’を取り付けた先端部11b,11b’を折曲形成するとともに、他側の基端部11c,11c’を、上記先端部11b,11b’と同方向に折曲形成してなる略コ字状の測長アームである。
この測長アーム11,11’は、上記測長アーム取付枠体10,10’に植立した軸13,13’に、その基端部11c,11c’を回動自在に軸支し、先端部11b,11b’を互いに対向させた状態で配設されている。
また、測長アーム11,11’は上記測長アーム取付枠体10,10’との間に架設したバネ14,14’により、先端部11b,11b’を閉じる方向に付勢されている。その付勢力は軽微なものであって、先端部11b,11b’(弾性部材12,12’)が、連結苗群搬送機構Bを搬送される連結苗群Pの両側面に当接するところまで閉じるようになっている(図2)。
【0014】
さらに、この測長アーム11,11’の主体部11a,11a’の上面には、上記測長アーム取付枠体10,10’に形成した弧状長孔10a,10a’に突入するピン15,15’が植立され、また、該主体部11a,11a’の下面には拡開ロッド受け板16,16’が突出形成されている。
【0015】
17,17’はポテンションメータで、その検出アーム17a,17a’の先端に形成された溝を、上記測長アーム11,11’のピン15,15’に係合させており、これにより測長アーム11,11’の回動角度を検出し、その角度に応じた信号を出力するようになっている。
【0016】
18,18’は、先端にローラを備えた測長アーム拡開ロッドで、所要位置に固定配置したロッド支持枠体19,19’に摺動自在にして支持され、その基端を上記測長アーム11,11’の拡開ロッド受け板16,16’に対向位置させるとともに、先端を後記の列苗分離機構D側に向けた状態になっている。
19a,19a’はその測長アーム拡開ロッド18,18’を列苗分離機構D方向、すなわち、上記基端が拡開ロッド受け板16,16’から離隔する方向に付勢しているバネである。
【0017】
この測長アーム拡開ロッド18,18’が、後記の列苗分離機構Dの回動に伴い、上記バネ19a,19a’を圧縮させながら基端側に摺動させられると、その基端が上記拡開ロッド受け板16,16’を押圧し、これによって上記測長アーム11,11’の先端部11b,11b’(弾性部材12,12’)が、上記連結苗群搬送機構Bを搬送される連結苗群Pの幅よりも広い間隔まで拡開するようになっている(図4,5)。
20は、上記測長アーム拡開ロッド18,18’の先端に近接させて配設したショックアブソーバである。
【0018】
Cは、上記の測長アーム取付枠体10,10’、測長アーム11,11’、ポテンションメータ17,17’、測長アーム拡開ロッド18,18’、および、該ポテンションメータ17,17’からの出力信号に基づき演算処理を行う演算部(図示しない)等で構成する列苗幅検出装置で、それは、上記測長アーム11,11’の先端11b,11b’(弾性部材12,12’)が、連結苗群Pの両側面に当接したときに、左右のポテンションメータ17,17’からの出力信号を検出し、これをもとに所要の演算処理をすることにより、上記測長アーム11,11’の先端部11b,11b’(弾性部材12,12’)間の距離、すなわちそこに挟まれる列苗の幅を算出することができるようになっている。
【0019】
Dは、C字状に湾曲した回動自在な分離針21…を多数列設するとともに、その分離針21…を挿通させる分離針挿通孔22…を開設した列苗押さえ板23を備えた分離針保持機構D’を、支持枠25により、所要の回動ができるように支持してなる列苗分離機構である。この列苗分離機構Dは、上記連結苗群搬送機構B上の分離位置(a)において、上記連結苗群Pの最前列の列苗Pnを、後続の列苗P(n+1)から引き剥がして分離し、それを後記列苗搬送機構Fに移載するものである。
【0020】
上記分離針21…は、上記分離針保持機構D’の軸24を中心に回動することによって、上記列苗押さえ板23との間に列苗を挟持する挟持姿勢(イ)(図1,6)と、開放姿勢(ロ)(図3,6)とをとるようになっている。
【0021】
また、上記支持枠25は、側板26,26’に固定した軸27によって基端を軸支され、先端側には軸28によって上記分離針保持機構D’を軸支している。これにより、列苗分離機構Dは、連結苗群搬送機構B上の分離位置(a)において列苗Pnを分離するときには、分離針保持機構D’を上記連結苗群搬送機構Bの送出端に対向するところに位置させて分離姿勢(ハ)をとり(図3〜6)、また、列苗Pnを後記列苗搬送機構Fのベルトコンベア31に移載するときには、上記支持枠25を回動させることにより(図1(ニ))、上記分離針保持機構D’を該ベルトコンベア31の上方まで移動させて、移載姿勢(図示しない)をとるようになっている。
【0022】
29は、上記支持枠25に取り付けられた当接板で、上記測長アーム拡開ロッド18,18’の先端およびショックアブゾーバ20に当接することとなる所要の位置に取り付けられており、列苗分離機構Dが分離姿勢(ハ)をとるときに、上記測長アーム拡開ロッド18,18’をその基端側に押し込んで摺動させ、また、このとき上記ショックアブゾーバ20によって衝撃を緩衝するようにしている。
【0023】
Eは、上記連結苗群搬送機構Bの送出端の上方に配設された、苗押さえ針30…を多数列設してなる苗押さえ機構である。
それは、上記苗押さえ針30…を、搬送されてきた連結苗群Pの、上記分離位置(a)より列苗1列分だけ受入端側の位置(測長位置(b))の列苗P(n−1)に刺し込んで、連結苗群Pを押さえておくことにより、上記列苗分離機構Dによる分離位置(a)の列苗Pnの分離を確実に行うためのものである。
また、分離位置(a)で最前列の列苗Pnが上記列苗分離機構Dによって分離された後、連結苗群搬送機構Bによって測長位置(b)にあった後続の列苗P(n+1)が分離位置(a)まで搬送されるときには、苗押さえ針30…を一旦上方に抜き、あらたに測長位置(b)に位置することとなった列苗に再び刺し込むという動作を繰り返すようになっている。
【0024】
Fは、移載姿勢をとった上記列苗分離機構Dの下方となる位置に配設されたベルトコンベア31等からなる列苗搬送機構である。
上記列苗分離機構Dにより分離された列苗は、この列苗搬送機構Fのベルトコンベア31に移載されて個別分離機構Gに搬送され、そこで個々の苗に分離される。その後、不良苗を取り除くことができるように構成した選別機構(図示していない)に搬送され、良苗だけが最終的に植付機構により圃場に植え付けされる。
【0025】
続いて、連結苗群搬送機構B上を搬送されてきた連結苗群Pから各列苗を分離し、それを列苗搬送機構Fに移載する動作について説明する。
【0026】
<列苗P(n−1)の移載および列苗Pnの測長動作>
図1に示すように、連結苗群搬送機構B上の上記分離位置(a)において、先行する列苗P(n−1)が、連結苗群Pから列苗分離機構Dによって分離されたときには、該連結苗群搬送機構B上に残った連結苗群Pの最前列の列苗Pnは、上記分離位置(a)より列苗1列分だけ受入端側である測長位置(b)に位置しており、かつ、上記苗押さえ機構Eの苗押さえ針30…が刺し込まれた状態になっている。
【0027】
また、このとき列苗分離機構Dは、既に分離された列苗P(n−1)をベルトコンベア31に移載すべく列苗搬送機構Fの方に回動しているので、測長アーム拡開ロッド18,18’はバネ19a,19a’によりその先端方向に摺動し、したがって、測長アーム11,11’は、バネ14,14’によって閉じ、その先端部11b,11b’(弾性部材12,12’)は上記測長位置(b)にある列苗Pnの両側面に当接している(図2)。
上記列苗幅検出装置Cの演算部はその列苗Pnの幅を算出し、図示しない記憶装置がその列苗Pnの幅を記憶する。
【0028】
これに続き、上記列苗Pnは、以下のようにして連結苗群Pより分離される。
【0029】
<列苗Pnの搬送・分離動作>
上記列苗P(n−1)を列苗搬送機構Fに移載した列苗分離機構Dが、列苗Pnを連結苗群Pから分離すべく、連結苗群搬送機構Bの送出端に対向する位置まで回動して分離姿勢(ハ)をとるとき、支持枠25の前記当接板29が上記測長アーム拡開ロッド18,18’の先端を押し込み、該測長アーム拡開ロッド18,18’を、その基端方向に摺動させる(図3)。
これにより、この測長アーム拡開ロッド18,18’の基端が、測長アーム11,11’の拡開ロッド受け板16,16’を押圧し、該測長アーム11,11’の先端部11b,11b’を拡開させる(図4)。
【0030】
続いて、連結苗群搬送機構Bが連結苗群Pを送出端方向に、列苗1列分だけ搬送し、測長位置(b)にあった上記列苗Pnが分離位置(a)まで搬送され、その前面を、上記分離針保持機構D’の列苗押さえ板23に当接させた状態となる(図5)。
上記において、列苗Pnに差し込まれていた苗押さえ針30…は、一旦上方に抜かれて、あらたに測長位置(b)まで搬送されてきている列苗P(n+1)に刺し込まれる(図6)。
【0031】
次に、分離針保持機構D’の分離針21…が、開放姿勢(ロ)から挟持姿勢(イ)まで回動し、列苗Pnの各苗に上方から突き刺さり、これによって、列苗Pnは分離針21…と上記列苗押さえ板23との間に挟持される。
そして、支持枠25が、列苗搬送機構Fの方向へ回動しはじめ、これによって上記列苗Pnを列苗P(n+1)より、紙筒の上部側から剥がしながら分離する。
【0032】
このようにして分離された列苗Pnは、以下のようにして列苗搬送機構Fに移載される。
【0033】
<列苗Pnの移載および列苗P(n+1)の測長動作>
分離針保持機構D’が、分離した列苗Pnを挟持したままの状態で、支持枠25が回動し、列苗分離機構Dは、上記列苗搬送機構Fのベルトコンベア31の上方で移載姿勢をとる。
【0034】
図示しない制御部は、予め記憶装置に記憶されている先行する列苗P(n−1)の幅および上記ベルトコンベア31の搬送速度に基づいて、その先行する列苗P(n−1)が、後続の列苗Pnと重ならず、かつ、離れない位置まで搬送されるタイミングを算出し、そのタイミングで分離針保持機構D’に対して移載指令を送出する。
この移載指令に基づいて分離針保持機構D’は、列苗Pnをベルトコンベア31上に横倒しにして移載する。
【0035】
このように、列苗分離機構Dが列苗搬送機構Fの方向へ回動し、列苗Pnを移載する動作をしている間に、上記測長アーム11,11’は、上記列苗Pnの幅を測長したのと同様にして後続の列苗P(n+1)の幅を測長しており、その値は記憶装置に記憶される。
上記列苗分離機構Dは、列苗Pnを列苗搬送機構Fに載置した後、再び分離姿勢をとり、列苗P(n+1)を分離する。
【0036】
上記のような<列苗P(n−1)の移載および列苗Pnの測長動作>と<列苗Pnの搬送・分離動作>を順次繰り返すことにより、連結苗群Pから分離された列苗が順次列苗搬送機構Fに供給される。
【0037】
なお、上記では測長アーム11,11’の開閉を、バネ14,14’および測長アーム拡開ロッド18,18’によって機械的に行うようにしたが、その開閉はたとえば電磁気的な手段等、他の手段により行ってもよい。
【0038】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたところから明らかなように、本発明によれば次の効果を奏する。
連結苗群を搬送する連結苗群搬送機構と、その連結苗群搬送機構により搬送される連結苗群の列苗の幅を検出する列苗幅検出装置と、最前列の列苗を後続の列苗から分離し列苗搬送機構に移載する列苗分離機構とを備えた移植機において、列苗幅検出装置が、(i)基端部を回動自在に軸支し、先端部を互いに対向させた状態にして、上記連結苗群搬送機構の搬送方向左右に配設した一対の測長アームと、(ii)上記測長アームを閉じる方向に付勢するバネと、(iii)上記測長アームに基端を対向位置させ、先端を列苗分離機構側に向けた状態で摺動自在にして支持され、かつ、バネにより上記列苗分離機構方向に付勢されている測長アーム拡開ロッドと、(iv)上記測長アームの回動角度を検出するポテンションメータと、(v)上記ポテンションメータからの信号を検出し、上記測長アームの先端部に挟まれた列苗の幅を算出する演算部を備えてなるので、連結苗群搬送機構が列苗分離機構に向けて搬送する連結苗群の最前列の列苗の幅を、常に、すなわち、当該連結苗群の隅角部に大きな欠損が生じているような場合においても、正確に検出することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施形態に係る列苗幅検出装置を搭載した移植機が、列苗分離機構により列苗P(n−1)を分離した状態の概略側面図である。
【図2】列苗Pnの幅を検出している状態を示した上記移植機の部分平面図である。
【図3】列苗分離機構が分離姿勢にある状態を示した、上記移植機の要部拡大側面図である。
【図4】同上の要部拡大平面図である。
【図5】連結苗群が、図4の状態から列苗1列分だけ搬送された状態を示した要部拡大平面図である。
【図6】列苗分離機構の分離針が列苗Pnを挟持する様子を示した要部拡大側面図である。
【図7】従来の、列苗幅検出装置の平面図である。
【符号の説明】
P 連結苗群
Pn 最前列の列苗
P(n+1) 列苗Pnに後続する列苗
P(n−1) 列苗Pnに先行する列苗
B 連結苗群搬送機構
C 列苗幅検出装置
D 列苗分離機構
F 列苗搬送機構
11,11’ 測長アーム
11b,11b’ 先端部
11c,11c’ 基端部
14,14’,19a,19a’ バネ
16,16’ 拡開ロッド受け板
17,17’ ポテンションメータ
18,18’ 測長アーム拡開ロッド
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a row seedling width detection apparatus in a transplanter.
[0002]
[Prior art]
First, the seedlings are separated from the linked seedling group in which a large number of paper tube seedlings are arranged in rows and columns in rows, that is, in a row seedling state, and then individual seedlings are separated from the row seedlings. An example of a row seedling width detection apparatus that is mounted on a transplanter for transplanting and detects the width of each row seedling is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-74832 (Patent Document 1) shown in FIG.
This row seedling width detection device includes a plurality of length measuring arms 3 and 3 ′ disposed on the left and right sides of the conveying direction of the belt conveyor 2 that conveys the connected seedling group P toward the row seedling separation mechanism 1 (seedling row separation unit). These rollers 4 are pivotally supported, and guide belts 5 and 5 'are rotatably wound around these rollers 4.
The length measuring arms 3 and 3 'are pivoted about their base end portions and are urged by a spring in a direction to close the distal end portion on the sending end side, and are conveyed by the belt conveyor 2. The guide belts 5 and 5 ′ are always in contact with both side surfaces of the connected seedling group P.
As a result, the length measuring arms 3 and 3 ′ are rotated according to the change in the width of the connected seedling group P, and the rotation angle is detected to detect the rotation angle so that the connection is carried on the belt conveyor 2. The width of each row seedling of the seedling group P can be continuously calculated.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-74832
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The above-mentioned connected seedling group P is usually divided into 1/2 or 1/3 of one connected seedling group having a predetermined width and length, accommodated in a seedling box, and mounted on a transplanter. However, depending on the moisture state of each paper tube seedling and the state of the soil adhering to the bottom of the paper tube seedling, the corner portion may be largely lost during the division, resulting in a narrow row of seedlings.
When the connected seedling group P including narrow row seedlings has been conveyed, the guide belts 5 and 5 ′ of the row seedling width detection device come into contact with the front and rear wide row seedlings. , 3 ′ cannot be closed until they contact the side surfaces of the narrow row seedlings, and the width of the narrow row seedlings cannot be accurately detected.
[0005]
Therefore, the present invention sequentially becomes the front row with respect to each row seedling of the connected seedling group P to be transported, that is, the row seedling separation mechanism, even when the corner portion is largely missing as described above. It is intended to be able to accurately detect the width of row seedlings.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention according to claim 1 is a connected seedling group transport mechanism that transports a connected seedling group, and a row seedling width detection device that detects the width of the row seedling of the connected seedling group transported by the connected seedling group transport mechanism, In a transplanter equipped with a row seedling separating mechanism for separating the row seedling in the foremost row from the subsequent row seedling and transferring it to the row seedling transporting mechanism, (i) pivotally supporting the base end portions 11c and 11c ′ A pair of length measuring arms 11, 11 'disposed on the left and right in the transport direction of the connected seedling group transport mechanism B, with the tip portions 11b, 11b' facing each other, and (ii) the length measuring arm 11 , 11 ′, springs 14, 14 ′ urging in the closing direction, and (iii) sliding with the proximal ends of the length measuring arms 11, 11 ′ facing the row seedling separation mechanism D side. A length measuring arm that is supported in a freely movable manner and is biased in the direction of the row seedling separation mechanism D by the springs 19a and 19a '. 18, 18 ′, (iv) potentiometers 17, 17 ′ for detecting the rotation angle of the measuring arms 11, 11 ′, and (v) signals from the potentiometers 17, 17 ′. It is a row seedling width detection device provided with a calculation unit that detects and calculates the width of the row seedling Pn sandwiched between the tip portions 11b and 11b ′ of the length measuring arms 11 and 11 ′.
[0007]
In the present invention described in claim 2, the length measuring arms 11, 11 ′ transfer the preceding seedling row P (n−1) separated from the connected seedling group P by the row seedling separation mechanism D to the row seedling transport mechanism F. When closed, it is closed in order to calculate the width of the row seedling Pn in the foremost row, and then the connected seedling group transport mechanism B transports the connected seedling group P, and the row seedling separation mechanism D performs the row seedling Pn in the foremost row. The row seedling width detection device for a transplanter according to claim 1, wherein the row seedling width is expanded when the seedling is separated from the connected seedling group P.
[0008]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, when the length measuring arm expanding rods 18, 18 ′ are pushed in the proximal direction along with the rotation of the row seedling separating mechanism D, the length measuring arm expanding rod 18. , 18 ′, the expanding rod receiving plates 16, 16 ′ of the length measuring arms 11, 11 ′ are pressed, whereby the length measuring arms 11, 11 ′ are expanded. Item 3. A row seedling width detection apparatus in a transplanter according to Item 1 or 2.
[0009]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the length-measuring arm expanding rods 18, 18 ′ are moved along the row seedling separation mechanism D, and the length-measuring arm expanding rods 18, 18 ′ are moved to the row seedling transport mechanism D. When slid by the springs 19a and 19a 'biased in the direction, the length measurement arms 11 and 11' are closed by the springs 14 and 14 'biased in the direction of closing the arms. It is a row seedling width detection apparatus in the transplanter of Claim 1, 2 or 3.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described below with reference to illustrated embodiments.
[0011]
A is a machine base comprising left and right side plates 6, 6 ', B1 is a receiving roller conveyor comprising a plurality of rotating rollers 7 arranged on the connected seedling group receiving end side of the machine base A, and B2 is the machine base A The delivery belt conveyor B3 arranged on the delivery end side is a transfer belt conveyor arranged between B1 and B2. These B1 to B3 constitute a linked seedling conveyance mechanism B that is linked by an actuator (not shown). Yes.
The connected seedling group transport mechanism B first transfers the connected seedling group P accommodated in the seedling box 8 mounted on the receiving roller conveyor B1 to the transfer belt conveyor B3, and further transfers the transfer belt conveyor B3. And is conveyed to the delivery end side by the delivery belt conveyor B2.
[0012]
9 is a belt guide inclined plate installed on the left and right sides of the feeding belt conveyor B2 and the transfer belt conveyor B3 in the conveying direction, and the left and right edges of the endless belts erected on the belt conveyors B2 and B3 are horizontal running sections. The endless belt is inserted below the horizontal running section so as to rise.
Thus, since the left and right edges of the endless belt are raised in the horizontal traveling section by the belt guide inclined plate 9... Even if it deviates left and right on the transfer belt conveyor B3 and the delivery belt conveyor B2, it stays in contact with the swell of the edge and is accurately conveyed to the delivery end side.
[0013]
Reference numerals 10 and 10 'denote length measuring arm attachment frames fixed to the positions near the delivery end on the upper side plates 6 and 6' of the machine base A, respectively.
11, 11 ′ are formed by bending the distal end portions 11 b, 11 b ′ with the elastic members 12, 12 ′ attached to one side of the main body portions 11 a, 11 a ′ and the base end portions 11 c, 11 c ′ on the other side. , A substantially U-shaped measuring arm formed by bending in the same direction as the tip portions 11b and 11b ′.
The length measurement arms 11 and 11 ′ are pivotally supported by shafts 13 and 13 ′ planted on the length measurement arm mounting frames 10 and 10 ′ so that the base end portions 11c and 11c ′ can be rotated. The parts 11b and 11b ′ are arranged in a state of facing each other.
Further, the length measuring arms 11 and 11 ′ are biased in the direction of closing the distal end portions 11b and 11b ′ by springs 14 and 14 ′ installed between the length measuring arm mounting frames 10 and 10 ′. The urging force is slight, and the tip portions 11b, 11b ′ (elastic members 12, 12 ′) are closed until they contact the both side surfaces of the connected seedling group P transported through the connected seedling group transport mechanism B. (Fig. 2).
[0014]
Further, pins 15 and 15 that protrude into arc-shaped elongated holes 10a and 10a ′ formed in the measuring arm mounting frame bodies 10 and 10 ′ are formed on the upper surfaces of the main portions 11a and 11a ′ of the measuring arms 11 and 11 ′. 'Is planted, and spreading rod receiving plates 16, 16' are formed to project from the lower surface of the main body portions 11a, 11a '.
[0015]
Reference numerals 17 and 17 'denote potentiometers, and the grooves formed at the tips of the detection arms 17a and 17a' are engaged with the pins 15 and 15 'of the length measuring arms 11 and 11'. The rotation angle of the long arms 11, 11 ′ is detected, and a signal corresponding to the angle is output.
[0016]
Reference numerals 18 and 18 ′ are length measuring arm expanding rods each having a roller at the tip, and are slidably supported by rod support frames 19 and 19 ′ fixedly arranged at a required position. The arm 11, 11 ′ is opposed to the expanding rod receiving plate 16, 16 ′, and the tip is directed to the row seedling separation mechanism D described later.
19a and 19a ′ are springs that urge the length-measuring arm expanding rods 18 and 18 ′ in the row seedling separation mechanism D direction, that is, in the direction in which the base end is separated from the expanding rod receiving plates 16 and 16 ′. It is.
[0017]
When the length-measuring arm expanding rods 18 and 18 ′ are slid to the base end side while compressing the springs 19a and 19a ′ in accordance with the rotation of the row seedling separation mechanism D described later, the base ends thereof are The expansion rod receiving plates 16 and 16 ′ are pressed, whereby the tip end portions 11b and 11b ′ (elastic members 12 and 12 ′) of the length measuring arms 11 and 11 ′ transport the connected seedling group transport mechanism B. It expand | swells to the space | interval wider than the width | variety of the connected seedling group P to be performed (FIGS. 4, 5).
Reference numeral 20 denotes a shock absorber disposed close to the tips of the length measuring arm expanding rods 18 and 18 '.
[0018]
C is the length measuring arm mounting frame 10, 10 ', the length measuring arms 11, 11', the potentiometers 17, 17 ', the length measuring arm expanding rods 18, 18', and the potentiometer 17. , 17 ′, a row seedling width detecting device constituted by a calculation unit (not shown) that performs calculation processing based on output signals from the output signals 17, 17 ′, which includes tips 11 b, 11 b ′ (elastic members 12) , 12 ') detects the output signals from the left and right potentiometers 17 and 17' when they come into contact with both side surfaces of the connected seedling group P, and performs the required arithmetic processing based on this. The distance between the tip portions 11b and 11b ′ (elastic members 12 and 12 ′) of the measuring arms 11 and 11 ′, that is, the width of the row seedlings sandwiched therebetween can be calculated.
[0019]
D is a separation provided with a row seedling presser plate 23 in which a large number of rotatable separation needles 21 curved in a C-shape are provided and separation needle insertion holes 22 through which the separation needles 21 are inserted are opened. This is a row seedling separation mechanism in which the needle holding mechanism D ′ is supported by the support frame 25 so that it can be rotated as required. The row seedling separation mechanism D peels off the row seedling Pn in the foremost row of the connected seedling group P from the subsequent row seedling P (n + 1) at the separation position (a) on the connection seedling group transport mechanism B. They are separated and transferred to the row seedling transport mechanism F described later.
[0020]
The separating needles 21 are rotated around the shaft 24 of the separating needle holding mechanism D ′ so that the row seedlings are sandwiched between the row seedling holding plates 23 (A) (FIG. 1). 6) and an open posture (b) (FIGS. 3 and 6).
[0021]
The support frame 25 is pivotally supported at the base end by a shaft 27 fixed to the side plates 26 and 26 ′, and the separation needle holding mechanism D ′ is pivotally supported by a shaft 28 at the distal end side. As a result, when the row seedling separation mechanism D separates the row seedling Pn at the separation position (a) on the connected seedling group transport mechanism B, the separation needle holding mechanism D ′ is set at the delivery end of the connected seedling group transport mechanism B. When the row seedlings Pn are transferred to the belt conveyor 31 of the row seedling transporting mechanism F described later, the support frame 25 is rotated. By doing so (FIG. 1 (d)), the separation needle holding mechanism D ′ is moved to above the belt conveyor 31 to take a transfer posture (not shown).
[0022]
Reference numeral 29 denotes a contact plate attached to the support frame 25, which is attached to a required position where it comes into contact with the tips of the length measuring arm expanding rods 18 and 18 'and the shock absorber 20. When the seedling separation mechanism D takes the separation posture (c), the length measuring arm expanding rods 18 and 18 'are pushed and slid toward the proximal end, and at this time, the shock absorber 20 applies an impact. I try to buffer it.
[0023]
E is a seedling holding mechanism in which a large number of seedling holding needles 30 are arranged above the sending end of the connected seedling group conveying mechanism B.
That is, the seedling holding needles 30... Are connected to the seedlings P at the receiving end position (measurement position (b)) by one row seedling from the separation position (a). By inserting into (n-1) and holding the connected seedling group P, the row seedling Pn at the separation position (a) by the row seedling separation mechanism D is reliably separated.
Further, after the row seedling Pn in the foremost row is separated by the row seedling separation mechanism D at the separation position (a), the subsequent row seedling P (n + 1) that has been in the length measurement position (b) by the connected seedling group transport mechanism B ) Is transported to the separation position (a), the operation of repeatedly pulling the seedling presser needle 30 upward once and inserting it again into the row seedling that has been located at the length measurement position (b) is repeated. It has become.
[0024]
F is a row seedling transport mechanism including a belt conveyor 31 and the like disposed at a position below the row seedling separation mechanism D in the transfer posture.
The row seedlings separated by the row seedling separation mechanism D are transferred onto the belt conveyor 31 of the row seedling conveyance mechanism F and conveyed to the individual separation mechanism G, where they are separated into individual seedlings. Then, it is conveyed to the selection mechanism (not shown) comprised so that a defective seedling can be removed, and only a good seedling is finally planted by the planting mechanism in a farm field.
[0025]
Next, an operation of separating each row seedling from the connected seedling group P that has been transported on the connected seedling group transport mechanism B and transferring it to the row seedling transport mechanism F will be described.
[0026]
<Transfer of row seedling P (n-1) and length measurement operation of row seedling Pn>
As shown in FIG. 1, when the preceding row seedling P (n−1) is separated from the connected seedling group P by the row seedling separation mechanism D at the separation position (a) on the connection seedling group transport mechanism B. The row seedlings Pn in the foremost row of the linked seedling group P remaining on the connected seedling group transport mechanism B are moved to the length measurement position (b) which is the receiving end side by one row seedlings from the separation position (a). And the seedling presser needles 30 of the seedling presser mechanism E are inserted.
[0027]
At this time, the row seedling separation mechanism D is rotated toward the row seedling transport mechanism F so as to transfer the already separated row seedling P (n-1) to the belt conveyor 31, so that the length measuring arm The expanding rods 18 and 18 ′ slide in the direction of the distal ends thereof by the springs 19a and 19a ′. Therefore, the length measuring arms 11 and 11 ′ are closed by the springs 14 and 14 ′, and the distal end portions 11b and 11b ′ (elasticity). The members 12, 12 ′) are in contact with both side surfaces of the row seedling Pn at the length measuring position (b) (FIG. 2).
The arithmetic unit of the row seedling width detection device C calculates the width of the row seedling Pn, and a storage device (not shown) stores the width of the row seedling Pn.
[0028]
Following this, the row seedlings Pn are separated from the linked seedling group P as follows.
[0029]
<Transfer / separation operation of row seedlings Pn>
The row seedling separation mechanism D that transfers the row seedling P (n-1) to the row seedling transport mechanism F faces the sending end of the connected seedling group transport mechanism B so as to separate the row seedling Pn from the connected seedling group P. When the contact plate 29 of the support frame 25 pushes the distal ends of the length measuring arm expanding rods 18, 18 ′ to the separation position (c) by rotating to the position where the length measuring arm is moved, the length measuring arm expanding rod 18 is pushed. , 18 'are slid in the proximal direction (FIG. 3).
As a result, the proximal ends of the length measuring arm expanding rods 18 and 18 ′ press the expanding rod receiving plates 16 and 16 ′ of the length measuring arms 11 and 11 ′, and the distal ends of the length measuring arms 11 and 11 ′. The parts 11b and 11b ′ are expanded (FIG. 4).
[0030]
Subsequently, the connected seedling group transport mechanism B transports the connected seedling group P in the direction of the delivery end by one row of seedlings, and the row seedling Pn at the length measurement position (b) is transported to the separation position (a). Then, the front surface is brought into contact with the row seedling holding plate 23 of the separation needle holding mechanism D ′ (FIG. 5).
In the above, the seedling presser needles 30... That have been inserted into the row seedlings Pn are once pulled upward and inserted into the row seedlings P (n + 1) that have been transported to the length measurement position (b) (see FIG. 6).
[0031]
Next, the separation needles 21 of the separation needle holding mechanism D ′ rotate from the open posture (b) to the holding posture (b), and pierce each seedling of the row seedlings Pn from above, whereby the row seedlings Pn are It is sandwiched between the separating needles 21 and the row seedling holding plate 23.
Then, the support frame 25 starts to rotate in the direction of the row seedling transport mechanism F, thereby separating the row seedling Pn from the row seedling P (n + 1) while peeling it from the upper side of the paper tube.
[0032]
The row seedlings Pn thus separated are transferred to the row seedling transporting mechanism F as follows.
[0033]
<Transfer of row seedling Pn and length measurement operation of row seedling P (n + 1)>
With the separation needle holding mechanism D ′ holding the separated row seedlings Pn, the support frame 25 is rotated, and the row seedling separation mechanism D is moved above the belt conveyor 31 of the row seedling transport mechanism F. Take a sitting posture.
[0034]
Based on the width of the preceding row seedling P (n−1) and the conveyance speed of the belt conveyor 31 stored in the storage device in advance, the control unit (not shown) determines that the preceding row seedling P (n−1) is Then, the timing at which the subsequent row seedlings Pn do not overlap and are not separated is calculated, and a transfer command is sent to the separation needle holding mechanism D ′ at that timing.
Based on this transfer command, the separation needle holding mechanism D ′ transfers the row seedlings Pn while lying on the belt conveyor 31.
[0035]
Thus, while the row seedling separation mechanism D rotates in the direction of the row seedling transport mechanism F and moves the row seedling Pn, the length measuring arms 11 and 11 ' The width of the subsequent row seedling P (n + 1) is measured in the same manner as measuring the width of Pn, and the value is stored in the storage device.
The row seedling separation mechanism D places the row seedling Pn on the row seedling transporting mechanism F, then takes the separation posture again and separates the row seedling P (n + 1).
[0036]
It was separated from the connected seedling group P by sequentially repeating the <transfer of row seedling P (n-1) and the length measurement operation of row seedling Pn> and <conveyance / separation operation of row seedling Pn> as described above. The row seedlings are sequentially supplied to the row seedling transport mechanism F.
[0037]
In the above description, the length measurement arms 11 and 11 'are mechanically opened and closed by the springs 14 and 14' and the length measurement arm expanding rods 18 and 18 '. It may be performed by other means.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, the present invention has the following effects.
The connected seedling group transport mechanism for transporting the connected seedling group, the row seedling width detection device for detecting the width of the row seedling of the connected seedling group transported by the connected seedling group transport mechanism, and the row seedling of the front row in the subsequent row In a transplanter equipped with a row seedling separation mechanism that is separated from the seedlings and transferred to the row seedling transport mechanism, the row seedling width detection device (i) pivotally supports the base end portion and the tip portions mutually support each other. In a state of being opposed to each other, a pair of length measuring arms disposed on the left and right in the transport direction of the linked seedling group transport mechanism, (ii) a spring for biasing the length measuring arm in a closing direction, and (iii) the above-described measurement The length measuring arm is extended with the base end facing the long arm, slidably supported with the tip facing the row seedling separation mechanism, and biased by the spring toward the row seedling separation mechanism. An open rod; (iv) a potentiometer that detects the rotation angle of the measuring arm; and (v) the potentiometer. The connected seedling group transported by the connected seedling group transport mechanism toward the row seedling separation mechanism is provided with a calculation unit that detects the signal of the above and calculates the width of the row seedlings sandwiched between the distal ends of the length measuring arms. The width of the first row of seedlings can be detected accurately at all times, that is, even when there is a large defect at the corner of the connected seedling group.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a state in which a transplanter equipped with a row seedling width detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention separates row seedlings P (n-1) by a row seedling separation mechanism.
FIG. 2 is a partial plan view of the transplanter showing a state in which the width of row seedlings Pn is detected.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view of the main part of the transplanter showing a state where the row seedling separation mechanism is in a separation posture.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view of the main part of the above.
5 is a main part enlarged plan view showing a state in which a connected seedling group has been conveyed by one row seedling from the state of FIG. 4; FIG.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged side view of a main part showing a state in which a separation needle of the row seedling separation mechanism holds the row seedling Pn.
FIG. 7 is a plan view of a conventional row seedling width detection device.
[Explanation of symbols]
P connected seedling group Pn front row seedling P (n + 1) row seedling P (n-1) following row seedling Pn row seedling B preceding seedling Pn connected seedling group transport mechanism C row seedling width detection device D row Seedling separation mechanism F row seedling transporting mechanism 11, 11 ′ measuring arms 11b, 11b ′ distal end portion 11c, 11c ′ base end portions 14, 14 ′, 19a, 19a ′ springs 16, 16 ′ expanding rod receiving plates 17, 17 'Potentiometer 18, 18' Measuring arm expansion rod

Claims (4)

連結苗群を搬送する連結苗群搬送機構と、その連結苗群搬送機構により搬送される連結苗群の列苗の幅を検出する列苗幅検出装置と、最前列の列苗を後続の列苗から分離し列苗搬送機構に移載する列苗分離機構とを備えた移植機において、(i)基端部を回動自在に軸支し、先端部を互いに対向させた状態にして、連結苗群搬送機構の搬送方向左右に配設した一対の測長アームと、(ii)上記測長アームを閉じる方向に付勢するバネと、(iii)上記測長アームに基端を対向位置させ、先端を列苗分離機構側に向けた状態で摺動自在にして支持され、かつ、バネにより上記列苗分離機構方向に付勢されている測長アーム拡開ロッドと、(iv)上記測長アームの回動角度を検出するポテンションメータと、(v)上記ポテンションメータからの信号を検出し、上記測長アームの先端部に挟まれた列苗の幅を算出する演算部を備えてなることを特徴とする移植機における列苗幅検出装置。The connected seedling group transport mechanism for transporting the connected seedling group, the row seedling width detection device for detecting the width of the row seedling of the connected seedling group transported by the connected seedling group transport mechanism, and the row seedling of the front row in the subsequent row In the transplanting machine equipped with the row seedling separation mechanism that is separated from the seedling and transferred to the row seedling transport mechanism, (i) the base end portion is pivotally supported and the tip portions are opposed to each other, A pair of length measuring arms arranged on the left and right in the transport direction of the connected seedling group transport mechanism; (ii) a spring that biases the length measuring arm in a closing direction; and (iii) a base end facing the length measuring arm. A length-measuring arm expanding rod that is slidably supported in a state in which the tip is directed to the row seedling separation mechanism, and is biased toward the row seedling separation mechanism by a spring; and (iv) the above A potentiometer that detects the rotation angle of the measuring arm, and (v) a signal from the potentiometer, An apparatus for detecting row width of a transplanting machine, comprising: an arithmetic unit that calculates a width of a row seedling sandwiched between distal ends of long arms. 測長アームは、列苗分離機構が連結苗群から分離した先行する苗列を列苗搬送機構に移載しているときに、最前列の列苗の幅を算出させるために閉じ、その後、連結苗群搬送機構が連結苗群を搬送し、上記列苗分離機構がその最前列の列苗を連結苗群から分離するときに、拡開するようにしてなることを特徴とする請求項1記載の移植機における列苗幅検出装置。The length measuring arm is closed to calculate the width of the row seedling in the front row when the row seedling separation mechanism is transferring the preceding row of seedlings separated from the linked seedling group to the row seedling transport mechanism, The connected seedling group transport mechanism transports the connected seedling group, and the row seedling separation mechanism is configured to expand when the front row seedling separation mechanism separates the front row seedling from the connected seedling group. The row seedling width detection apparatus in the transplanting machine described. 上記測長アーム拡開ロッドが、列苗分離機構の回動に伴って基端方向に押し込まれたときに、該測長アーム拡開ロッドの基端により上記測長アームの拡開ロッド受け板が押圧され、これにより、上記測長アームが拡開されるようにしてなることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の移植機における列苗幅検出装置。When the length measuring arm expanding rod is pushed in the proximal direction along with the rotation of the row seedling separating mechanism, the length measuring arm expanding rod receiving plate is supported by the base end of the length measuring arm expanding rod. 3. The row seedling width detection device for a transplanter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said length measurement arm is expanded by pressing said measuring arm. 測長アーム拡開ロッドが、列苗分離機構の回動に伴い、該測長アーム拡開ロッドを該列苗分離機構方向に付勢する上記バネにより摺動されたときに、上記測長アームが、それを閉じる方向に付勢する上記バネにより閉じられるようにしてなることを特徴とする請求項1,2または3記載の移植機における列苗幅検出装置。When the length measuring arm expanding rod is slid by the spring for urging the length measuring arm expanding rod in the direction of the row seedling separating mechanism as the row seedling separating mechanism rotates, the length measuring arm 4. The row seedling width detecting device in a transplanter according to claim 1, wherein the row seedling width detecting device is closed by the spring that biases it in the closing direction.
JP2003025971A 2003-02-03 2003-02-03 Row seedling width detection device in transplanter Expired - Fee Related JP4054901B2 (en)

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