JP4451024B2 - Soil fungus-supporting carbide and method for producing the same - Google Patents
Soil fungus-supporting carbide and method for producing the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4451024B2 JP4451024B2 JP2001171563A JP2001171563A JP4451024B2 JP 4451024 B2 JP4451024 B2 JP 4451024B2 JP 2001171563 A JP2001171563 A JP 2001171563A JP 2001171563 A JP2001171563 A JP 2001171563A JP 4451024 B2 JP4451024 B2 JP 4451024B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- weight
- support
- carbide
- carbonized
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Immobilizing And Processing Of Enzymes And Microorganisms (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は土壌菌担持炭化物及びその製造方法に関するものであり、農業用微生物資材、園芸用土壌改良材料、農地土壌改良材料、特殊肥料及び肥料、並びに漁業用、畜産用又は工業用の環境浄化用微生物資材として、更には被発酵処理物資のリサイクル技術に及ぶ。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
木炭・活性炭・泥炭・亜炭・石炭等の炭化物の農地土壌改良効果については、古くより注目されている。特に活着性の改善効果等は認められるところであり、アルカリ分による中和効果又は炭化物への土壌菌の住み着きによる効果も一部指摘されるところである。しかしながら、従来の技術はあくまでも炭化物への土壌菌の自然担持効果を期待したものであり、有用な土壌菌の積極的な菌相形成を目的としたものではない。
【０００３】
自然状態が健全に維持されている状態では炭化物のみの投与で充分であるが、殺菌剤等を投与されている農地では、炭化物の鋤きこみのみでは土壌改良効果は期待できないところである。このことは、炭化物の用途が農業資材及びその他発酵処理分野等への積極的な利用に結びつかず、結果として炭化物の需要拡大は図られていないことから明らかである。
【０００４】
一方、動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物のリサイクルが模索される中で、自然発酵処理が提起されているが、農地で使用できる堆肥とするに、１次発酵処理・２次発酵処理を必要とし、時間と場所を必要としている。ここで炭化物を利用することは農地への還元を短時間に行うことができることから、さまざまな原材料を使っての炭化物製造が試みられている。しかし、用途開発及び安価安定供給は実現していない。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明者らは、炭化物に土壌菌を接種し、土壌菌担持炭化物を構成する技術及び用途について鋭意研究した結果、広範囲の炭化物について土壌菌担持可能であり、土壌菌担持炭化物の鋤きこみにより、効果的な土壌改良効果と発酵処理効果を見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。本発明は、従来別個に扱われていた炭化物と土壌細菌を合理的に組み合わせることにより、廃棄物有効利用のシステムを提供する。すなわち、炭化物に土壌菌を担持させることにより、作物・園芸分野における土壌改良用途をはじめとする炭化物の用途拡大を図ることであり、更には、製紙スラッジ若しくは食品系廃棄物を炭化物原料として利用することにより土壌菌担持炭化物を安価安定に提供する。
【０００６】
すなわち本発明の目的は、耐熱性と保存性に優れた土壌菌である、バチルス コーアグランス（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ Ｃｏａｇｕｌａｎｓ）或いはバチルス サーアクランス（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ Ｃｉｒｃｕｌａｎｓ）（工業技術院生命工学研究所 ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１７８０７）のいずれか一方又は両方の菌体を炭化物に担持させた土壌菌担持炭化物を提供することであり、これは効果的な土壌改良効果と発酵処理効果を発揮するものである。すなわち、畜産・農業・漁業・食品系廃棄物リサイクル用及び工業用を含む環境浄化用微生物資材へ用途適用可能な土壌菌担持炭化物を提供することである。
【０００７】
また本発明の目的は、耐熱性と保存性に優れた土壌菌である、サブチルス（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ Ｓｕｂｔｉｌｉｓ）を炭化物に担持させた土壌菌担持炭化物を提供することである。サブチルスを利用することにより、特に排水処理資材分野への炭化物利用を推進するものである。
【０００８】
さらに本発明の目的は、菌体の支持体として、製紙スラッジの炭化処理物をを用いるか、或いは製紙スラッジと動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物との配合物の炭化処理物を用いることにより、炭化物の中でも特に好ましい炭化物支持体を提案するものである。ここで製紙スラッジには、炭化可能な有機物が乾燥重量あたり５０〜７０重量％含まれ、その大半は微細セルロースで構成されている。この製紙スラッジを加熱炭化処理することにより、炭化物乾燥重量あたり１０重量％以上の炭化分を含む炭化物が得られ、しかも微細セルロース炭化物であるので、土壌菌支持体としてその細孔を活用することを目的とする。製紙スラッジを土壌菌担持炭化物原材料として利用することは、含まれる有機質が微細セルロースで構成されることからも合理的であるが、更に有機質を多量に含む動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物の前処理である水分調節又は油脂分調節を行なわせ、その後炭化処理することにより、炭化物の炭素含量を高めることも目的とする。また、動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物のみを炭化処理して支持体と出来るところ、製紙スラッジと混合することで、動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物の加熱炭化処理を容易化することも目的とする。もちろん、安価で安定供給可能な動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物の有効利用をも目的としている。さらに、製紙スラッジに含まれる無機質のほとんどはクレー等の土壌成分であるので、完成した炭化物を農地土壌改良用資材としうることを目的とする。
【０００９】
本発明の第４の目的は、製紙スラッジ焼却灰と動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物との配合物の炭化処理物を支持体とすることで、炭化物の中でも特に好ましい炭化物支持体を上述した炭素支持体とは別に提案するものである。動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物の加熱炭化処理を容易化、これらの廃棄物の有効利用、及び農地土壌改良用資材として利用は前記と共通である。特に強調すべきは次の通りである。一般に製紙スラッジの多くは焼却され、焼却灰はセメント原料として再利用されているが、その他は埋め立て処分されて土壌改良材料・特殊肥料・肥料等の原料としてはほとんど利用されていない。しかしながら、この焼却灰は比較的多孔質であり、水分保持能力もさることながら、油脂分の吸着保持能力にも優れている。この性質を活用することを目的とする。製紙スラッジ焼却灰の水分吸着保持性能と油脂分吸着保持性能の活用例として次を例示できる。すなわち、食肉廃棄物として、多量に廃棄される動物骨肉残滓に含まれる脂身は加熱により容易に液状化する。したがって、製紙スラッジ焼却灰に動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食肉系廃棄物を混合し、加熱炭化処理を行う段階で、液状化した油脂分は焼却灰に吸着保持され、その状態で自燃炭化する。
【００１０】
本発明の第５の目的は、安価で安定供給可能な廃棄物を用いて土壌菌を担持させうる炭化処理物を生産・使用して、上記した土壌菌担持炭化物を安価安定供給可能に製造する方法を提供することである。すなわち製紙スラッジ又は製紙スラッジ焼却灰等の利用であり、更には動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物の利用であり、それらの組合わせの利用である。同時に炭化物に芽胞を確実に形成させることを目的とする。特に製紙スラッジ焼却灰を使用する場合には、配合する動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物の残余油脂分は栄養材料として機能し土壌菌の増殖と芽胞形成を確実なものとする。
【００１１】
本発明の第６の目的は、炭化物支持体として木炭・活性炭・泥炭・亜炭・石炭等の使用を提案するものである。炭化処理を不要として、安価な土壌菌担持炭化物の製造方法を提供することである。
【００１２】
本発明の第７の目的は、上記の製造方法において、炭化物に芽胞を確実に形成させることを目的とする。特に木炭、活性炭、建築廃材炭化物等を炭化物支持体とする場合を対象とする。
【００１３】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明に係る土壌菌担持炭化物は、炭化物含有量が乾燥重量あたり１０重量％以上となるように炭化処理をした、動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物の少なくとも１つと製紙スラッジとの配合物の炭化処理物を支持体とし、該支持体に、土壌菌である、バチルス コーアグランス（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ Ｃｏａｇｕｌａｎｓ）或いはバチルス サーアクランス（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ Ｃｉｒｃｕｌａｎｓ）（工業技術院生命工学研究所 ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１７８０７）のいずれか一方の菌体だけ又は両方の菌体だけを接種し、支持体乾燥グラム重量あたり１０４個以上担持させたことを特徴とする。
【００１４】
本発明に係る土壌菌担持炭化物は、炭化物含有量が乾燥重量あたり１０重量％以上となるように炭化処理をした、動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物の少なくとも１つと製紙スラッジとの配合物の炭化処理物を支持体とし、該支持体に、土壌菌であるバチルス サブチルス（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ Ｓｕｂｔｉｌｉｓ）の菌体だけを接種し、支持体乾燥グラム重量あたり１０４個以上担持させたことを特徴とする。
【００１５】
本発明に係る土壌菌担持炭化物は、炭化物含有量が乾燥重量あたり１０重量％以上となるように炭化処理をした、動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物の少なくとも１つと製紙スラッジ焼却灰との配合物の炭化処理物を支持体とし、該支持体に、土壌菌である、バチルス コーアグランス（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ Ｃｏａｇｕｌａｎｓ）或いはバチルス サーアクランス（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ Ｃｉｒｃｕｌａｎｓ）（工業技術院生命工学研究所 ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１７８０７）のいずれか一方の菌体だけ又は両方の菌体だけを接種し、支持体乾燥グラム重量あたり１０ ４ 個以上担持させたことを特徴とする。
【００１６】
本発明に係る土壌菌担持炭化物は、炭化物含有量が乾燥重量あたり１０重量％以上となるように炭化処理をした、動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物の少なくとも１つと製紙スラッジ焼却灰との配合物の炭化処理物を支持体とし、該支持体に、土壌菌であるバチルス サブチルス（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ Ｓｕｂｔｉｌｉｓ）の菌体だけを接種し、支持体乾燥グラム重量あたり１０ ４ 個以上担持させたことを特徴とする。
【００１７】
本発明に係る土壌菌担持炭化物の製造方法は、土壌菌である、バチルス コーアグランス（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ Ｃｏａｇｕｌａｎｓ）或いはバチルス サーアクランス（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ Ｃｉｒｃｕｌａｎｓ）（工業技術院生命工学研究所 ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１７８０７）のいずれか一方の菌体だけ又は両方の菌体だけを炭化物支持体に接種し担持させた、あるいは土壌菌である、バチルス サブチルス（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ Ｓｕｂｔｉｌｌｉｓ）の菌体だけを炭化物支持体に接種し担持させた土壌菌担持炭化物の製造方法であって、 動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物の少なくとも１つと製紙スラッジとの配合物又は動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物の少なくとも１つと製紙スラッジ焼却灰との配合物について、炭化物含量が乾燥重量あたり１０重量％以上となるように炭化処理物を形成し、該炭化処理物の水分含量を２５〜７５重量％に調製し、かつｐＨが７．４５以下に水分含有炭化処理物を形成し、該水分含有炭化処理物に前記土壌菌を接種し、前記菌体を支持体乾燥グラム重量あたり１０４個以上担持させたことを特徴とする。
【００１８】
なお、動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物の少なくとも１つと製紙スラッジとの配合物には、動物骨肉残滓と製紙スラッジ、家畜糞尿と製紙スラッジ、食品系廃棄物と製紙スラッジ、動物骨肉残滓と家畜糞尿と製紙スラッジ、動物骨肉残滓と食品系廃棄物と製紙スラッジ、家畜糞尿と食品系廃棄物と製紙スラッジ、動物骨肉残滓と家畜糞尿と食品系廃棄物と製紙スラッジ、の各配合物の組合せがある。動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物の少なくとも１つと製紙スラッジ焼却灰との配合物についても同様の組合せがある。
【００２０】
本発明に係る土壌菌担持炭化物の製造方法は、前記水分含有炭化処理物に対して、前記炭化処理物の乾燥重量に対し１〜２０重量％以下の栄養材料を添加する工程を有することが好ましい。
【００２１】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、実施の形態及び実施例を通して発明を詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定して解釈されない。
【００２２】
本発明における支持体である炭化物として、動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物も炭化処理により支持体とすることができる。但し、多量の水分を含む原材料をそのままの状態で加熱炭化処理することは取り扱いづらいため、製紙スラッジを単独に炭化処理し、又は製紙スラッジに動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物を配合し炭化処理して、炭化物含量が１０重量％以上である炭化物とすることが好ましい。また、製紙スラッジ焼却灰に動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物を配合し炭化処理をして炭化物含量が１０重量％以上である炭化物を支持体とすることが好ましい。
【００２３】
本発明における炭化処理方法について説明する。本発明では炭化処理対象物を乾燥させた後、ほぼ空気遮断した条件で加熱処理を行なう。空気をほぼ遮断した条件下で加熱処理を行なうと、炭化処理対象物中の水素、酸素、有機物等の無機質（灰分となるもの）以外の成分が徐々に揮発して、炭化物が得られる。本発明における炭化物含有量とは、式１によって定義される。
【式１】
炭化物含有量（％）＝（炭化物重量−灰分重量）／（炭化物重量）
なお、炭化物含有量を調整するために、加熱温度及び空気遮断性を適宜調節する。
【００２４】
次に土壌菌の種菌を得る方法について記載する。まず土壌菌として、駿河菌として上市されているバチルス コーアグランス或いは駿河菌として上市されているバチルス サーアクランスのいずれか一方又は両方の菌体を用いる場合について説明する。バチルス コーアグランス或いはバチルス サーアクランスのいずれか一方又は両方の菌体を液体培養にて種菌とする。この際、液体培養としてG培地を使用した。G培地組成として例えば、FeSO4・7H2Oを0.00005%、CuSO4・2H2Oを0.0025%、ZnSO4・7H2Oを0.0005%、MnSO4・4H2Oを0.005%、MgSO4を0.02%、CaCl2・2H2Oを0.0025%、K2HPO4を0.05%、(NH4)2SO4を0.2%、酵母エキスを0.2%、グルコースを0.1%と調製し、ｐH7.25〜7.45とした。そして37℃×２日間の振蕩培養を行い、芽胞形成を相差顕微鏡で確認して種菌とした。
【００２５】
なお、炭化物に接種する種菌製造方法については、固形培地による製造方法も採用できる。本発明は種菌製造方法により制限されるものではない。
【００２６】
次に土壌菌を炭化物支持体に担持させる方法について記載する。炭化物は炭化完了時点で、微生物にとって、極めて生存困難な温度環境条件を経由しているので、確実な菌体接種が実現されなければならない。したがって、使用する種菌としては、芽胞が確実に形成されていることが好ましく、位相差顕微鏡による検査が簡便である。菌体を接種する炭化物のアルカリ分が高い場合には、流水にてpHを７．４５以下とし、さらに水分を２５〜７５重量％に調製する。炭化物に芽胞を確実に形成させる必要があるため、木炭、活性炭等を炭化物支持体とする場合には、栄養材料を補給する方法が好ましい。栄養材料としては、乳糖、ペプトン、肉エキス、酵母エキス、グルコース等が使用でき、その他ミネラルの補給も有効である。本発明は栄養材料、ミネラルの種類、添加量に制限されるものではないが、炭化物表面に確実な芽胞形成を実現する為に過剰な添加は控えることが好ましい。
【００２７】
次に土壌菌として、バチルス サブチルスを用いる場合について記載する。バチルス サブチルスは既に排水処理における油脂分解等、広く使用されている土壌菌である。したがって本土壌菌を炭化物、特に木炭・活性炭へ担持させる主な目的は、排水処理資材分野への炭化物利用を推進するものである。ただし、本発明はこの用途に制限されるものではない。菌体接種の方法及び担持させる方法については、前述のバチルス コーアグランス或いはバチルス サーアクランスのいずれか一方又は両方の菌体を用いる場合と同様である。
【００２８】
食品系廃棄物を使用して炭化物を製造した場合、残物質が土壌菌の栄養源となるので有効である。またミネラルも保持されるので土壌菌支持体としては合理的である。しかしながら、含まれる水分、油脂分又は臭気により、その取り扱いは容易でない。したがって、その取り扱いを容易とする為に製紙スラッジ又は製紙スラッジ焼却灰を利用する方法は、土壌菌担持炭化物の安価安定供給に資するものであり有効な手段である。
【００２９】
【実施例】
（種菌培養方法）
種菌培養は、バチルス コーアグランス或いはバチルス サーアクランスのいずれか一方又は両方の菌体の培養ではG培地を使用した。また、バチルス サブチルスの菌体の培養でもG培地を使用した。G培地組成は、FeSO4・7H2Oを0.00005%、CuSO4・2H2Oを0.0025%、ZnSO4・7H2Oを0.0005%、MnSO4・4H2Oを0.005%、MgSO4を0.02%、CaCl2・2H2Oを0.0025%、K2HPO4を0.05%、(NH4)2SO4を0.2%、酵母エキスを0.2%、グルコースを0.1%と調製し、ｐH7.25〜7.45とした。そして37℃×２日間の振蕩培養を行い、芽胞形成を相差顕微鏡で確認して種菌とした。
【００３０】
（炭化処理）
製紙スラッジの炭化処理を行った。製紙スラッジを単独で炭化物とした場合の炭化物含量を表１に示す。いずれの製紙スラッジについても炭化物含量は１０重量％以上であり、土壌菌支持体として利用できる。この炭化物を支持体として使用することとする。
【表１】
【００３１】
［土壌菌担持炭化物の製造参考例１］
表１に示す製紙スラッジ炭化物の４種類（Ａ〜Ｄ）それぞれを、流水にてｐＨが７．４５以下になるまで水洗し、水分が４５重量％となるように水分を調製し炭化物支持体とした。これに栄養源として、水分重量に対し乳糖０．５重量％・ペプトン１．０重量％を添加した。次に上記種菌培養方法で調製した土壌菌種菌を接種し、３７℃にて培養を行い、芽胞形成を確認後、７０℃で温風乾燥を行い、水分を２５重量％に調製して土壌菌担持炭化物１Ａ〜１Ｄとした。
【００３２】
［土壌菌担持炭化物の製造参考例２］
木炭及び椰子殻活性炭を流水にて、ｐＨが７．４５以下になるまで水洗し、水分が４５重量％となるように水分を調製して炭化物支持体とした。これに栄養材料として水分重量に対し乳糖０．５重量％・ペプトン１．０重量％を添加した。次に上記種菌培養方法で調製した土壌菌種菌を接種し、３７℃にて培養を行い、芽胞形成を確認後、７０℃温風乾燥を行い水分を２５重量％に調製し土壌菌担持炭化物２とした。
【００３３】
［土壌菌担持炭化物の製造実施例３］
製紙パルプ一貫工場製紙スラッジ１重量部あたりに、等量の豚骨肉残滓及び野菜屑を加え、加熱炭化処理を行った。この炭化物の水分を６５重量％に調製し、上記種菌培養方法で調製した土壌菌種菌を接種し、３７℃×７日間培養を行い、芽胞形成を確認後、７０℃温風乾燥を行い、水分を２５重量％以下に調製して土壌菌担持炭化物３とした。
【００３４】
［土壌菌担持炭化物の製造実施例４］
製紙パルプ一貫工場製紙スラッジ焼却灰１重量部あたりに、等量の骨肉残滓及び野菜屑を加え、加熱炭化処理を行ない、炭化物含量として乾燥重量あたり１２重量％の炭化物を得た。上記種菌培養方法で調製した土壌菌種菌を接種し、土壌菌担持炭化物４とした。
【００３５】
［土壌菌担持炭化物の製造実施例５］
製紙パルプ一貫工場製紙スラッジ焼却灰に動物骨肉残滓を加え、加熱炭化処理を行ない、炭化物含量として乾燥重量あたり９〜１２重量％の炭化物を得た。上記種菌培養方法で調製した土壌菌種菌を接種し、土壌菌担持炭化物５とした。栄養材料・ミネラルの補給なしに、完成炭化物乾燥グラム重量あたり１０４個以上の菌数を担持した。
【００３６】
［担持体施用例１−１］（参考例１）
土壌菌担持炭化物１Ａ〜１Ｄを、２期作馬鈴薯農地に１０アールあたり１００ｋｇ耕運し、殺菌剤を使用せずに１月間経過後に馬鈴薯の作付を行った。そうか病発生はなく、土離れも良好な結果が得られた。微生物資材として、又は土壌改良材料として使用できるものである。なお、接種した菌は、バチルス コーアグランス或いはバチルス サーアクランスのいずれか一方又は両方としても、バチルス サブチルスとしても共に良好な結果が得られた。
【００３７】
［担持体施用例１−２］（参考例２）
土壌菌担持炭化物２を、２期作馬鈴薯農地に１０アールあたり１００ｋｇ耕運し、殺菌剤を使用せずに１月間経過後に馬鈴薯の作付を行った。そうか病発生はなく、土離れも良好な結果が得られた。微生物資材として、又は土壌改良材料として使用できるものである。なお、接種した菌は、バチルス コーアグランス或いはバチルス サーアクランスのいずれか一方又は両方としても、バチルス サブチルスとしても共に良好な結果が得られた。
【００３８】
［担持体施用例２］（参考例３）
土壌菌担持炭化物１Ａ〜１Ｄをカーネーション育苗培土４８０ｇあたり２０ｇ加え、これを参考例３Ａ〜３Ｄとした。無添加標準区を比較例３−１とした。炭化灰をカーネーション育苗培土４８０ｇあたり２０ｇ加え、比較例３−２と比較した。結果を表２に示す。参考例３Ａ〜３Ｄでは成長量が増加し、再現性のある活着性能も確認できた。
【表２】
なお、接種した菌は、バチルス コーアグランス或いはバチルス サーアクランスのいずれか一方又は両方としても、バチルス サブチルスとしても共に良好な結果が得られた。
【００３９】
［担持体施用例３］
（実施例４）
土壌菌担持炭化物３に魚滓を１０重量％配合し、７０℃熱風にて水分を６５重量％に調製して、４０℃×７日間発酵処理を行った。この結果、魚臭の少ない発酵処理物が得られた。
【００４０】
［担持体施用例４］
（実施例５）
土壌菌担持炭化物４に牛糞を４０重量部配合し、４０℃×１月間発酵処理を行った。無臭の発酵処理物が得られた。
【００４１】
［担持体施用例１−１］〜［担持体施用例４］のいずれの施用例についても、土壌改良効果は認められた。また製紙スラッジ又は製紙スラッジ焼却灰は、被処理物資の水分調節、油脂分調節材料として有効である。
【００４２】
（実施例６）
製紙パルプ一貫工場製紙スラッジの炭化物含量を１．７２〜１６．３７重量％の範囲で調製し（参考例６−１〜参考例６−５）、上記種菌培養方法で調製した土壌菌種菌を担持させてその菌数をＭＰＮにより求めた。更に、土壌菌担持炭化物５の炭化物含量を９．６９〜１２．０４重量％の範囲で調製し（実施例６−６〜実施例６−８）、その菌数をＭＰＮにより求め、結果を表３に示した。
【表３】
土壌菌担持炭化物とするための炭化物の炭化物含量は、表３に示すように乾燥重量あたり１０重量％以上の場合、土壌菌数は炭化物乾燥重量あたり１０４個／ｇ以上担持可能であった。炭化物含量が１０重量％を下回る場合では、菌数を高濃度で担持させることは困難であった。したがって、炭化物含量は１０重量％以上が実用的であり、確実な土壌菌担持を可能とするものである。
【００４３】
【発明の効果】
請求項１記載の発明により、従来別個に扱われていた炭化物と土壌細菌を合理的に組み合わせることにより、廃棄物有効利用のシステムを提供することができる。畜産・農業・漁業・食品系廃棄物リサイクル用及び工業用を含む環境浄化用微生物資材へ用途適用可能な土壌菌担持炭化物を提供することができた。すなわち、炭化物に土壌菌を担持させることにより、作物・園芸分野における土壌改良用途をはじめとする炭化物の用途拡大（土壌改良材料・特殊肥料・肥料分野等への利用）を図り、更に製紙スラッジ若しくは食品系廃棄物を炭化物原料として利用することにより土壌菌担持炭化物を安価安定に提供することができる。炭化物の中でも特に好ましい炭化物支持体を提案することができた。有機質を多量に含む動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物の前処理である水分調節又は油脂分調節を行なわせ、その後炭化処理することにより、炭化物の炭素含量を高めることもできる。安価で安定供給可能な動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物を製紙スラッジと混合することで、動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物の加熱炭化処理を容易化することが可能となる。さらに、製紙スラッジに含まれる無機質のほとんどはクレー等の土壌成分であるので、完成した炭化物を農地土壌改良用資材としうる。
【００４４】
請求項２記載の発明により、特に排水処理資材分野への炭化物利用を推進することができる。炭化物の中でも特に好ましい炭化物支持体を提案することができた。有機質を多量に含む動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物の前処理である水分調節又は油脂分調節を行なわせ、その後炭化処理することにより、炭化物の炭素含量を高めることもできる。安価で安定供給可能な動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物を製紙スラッジと混合することで、動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物の加熱炭化処理を容易化することが可能となる。さらに、製紙スラッジに含まれる無機質のほとんどはクレー等の土壌成分であるので、完成した炭化物を農地土壌改良用資材としうる。
【００４５】
請求項３記載の発明により、従来別個に扱われていた炭化物と土壌細菌を合理的に組み合わせることにより、廃棄物有効利用のシステムを提供することができる。畜産・農業・漁業・食品系廃棄物リサイクル用及び工業用を含む環境浄化用微生物資材へ用途適用可能な土壌菌担持炭化物を提供することができた。すなわち、炭化物に土壌菌を担持させることにより、作物・園芸分野における土壌改良用途をはじめとする炭化物の用途拡大（土壌改良材料・特殊肥料・肥料分野等への利用）を図り、更に製紙スラッジ若しくは食品系廃棄物を炭化物原料として利用することにより土壌菌担持炭化物を安価安定に提供することができる。炭化物の中でも特に好ましい炭化物支持体を提案することができた。炭化物の中でも特に好ましい別の炭化物支持体を提案することができた。一般に製紙スラッジの多くは焼却され、焼却灰はセメント原料として再利用されているが、その他は埋め立て処分されて土壌改良材料・特殊肥料・肥料等の原料としてはほとんど利用されていないところ、焼却灰は比較的多孔質であり、水分保持能力と油脂分の吸着保持能力にも優れているという特性を活用することが出来た。
【００４６】
請求項４記載の発明により、特に排水処理資材分野への炭化物利用を推進することができる。炭化物の中でも特に好ましい別の炭化物支持体を提案することができた。一般に製紙スラッジの多くは焼却され、焼却灰はセメント原料として再利用されているが、その他は埋め立て処分されて土壌改良材料・特殊肥料・肥料等の原料としてはほとんど利用されていないところ、焼却灰は比較的多孔質であり、水分保持能力と油脂分の吸着保持能力にも優れているという特性を活用することが出来た。
【００４７】
請求項５記載の発明により、安価で安定供給可能な廃棄物を用いて土壌菌を担持させうる炭化処理物を生産・使用して、上記した土壌菌担持炭化物を安価安定供給可能に製造する方法を提供することができた。すなわち製紙スラッジ又は製紙スラッジ焼却灰等の利用であり、更には動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物の利用であり、それらの組合わせの利用を利用する。同時に炭化物に芽胞を確実に形成させることができる。特に製紙スラッジ焼却灰を使用する場合には、配合する動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物の残余油脂分は栄養材料として機能し土壌菌の増殖と芽胞形成を確実なものとする。
【００４９】
請求項６記載の発明により、請求項５の製造方法において、炭化物に芽胞を確実に形成させることができる。特に木炭、活性炭等を炭化物支持体とする場合に効果的である。
【００５０】
以上、本発明により、炭化処理を経由し、土壌菌を確実に該炭化物に担持させ、速やかに農地に還元できることとなったことは、循環型社会構築に向けて大きく貢献するものである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a soil fungus-supporting carbide and a method for producing the same. Agricultural microbial materials, horticultural soil improvement materials, farmland soil improvement materials, special fertilizers and fertilizers, and fishery, livestock or industrial environmental purification It extends to the recycling technology of fermented materials as microbial materials.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The effects of charcoal such as charcoal, activated carbon, peat, lignite, and coal on farmland soil improvement have been attracting attention for a long time. In particular, the effect of improving the entrapment is recognized, and the effect of neutralizing by alkali or the effect of soil fungi on charcoal is also pointed out. However, the conventional technique is expected only to naturally support the effect of soil fungi on the carbide, and is not intended for the active formation of useful soil fungi.
[0003]
In the state where the natural state is maintained healthy, it is sufficient to administer only the carbide. However, in farmland to which a bactericidal agent or the like is administered, it is not possible to expect a soil improvement effect only by burning the carbide. This is clear from the fact that the use of carbides does not lead to active use in agricultural materials and other fermentation processing fields, and as a result, demand for carbides has not been expanded.
[0004]
On the other hand, while fermenting animal bone meat, livestock manure, and food waste, natural fermentation treatment has been proposed, but to make compost that can be used in farmland, primary fermentation treatment and secondary fermentation treatment Need time and place. Here, the use of carbides allows reduction to farmland in a short time, and therefore, attempts have been made to produce carbides using various raw materials. However, application development and cheap and stable supply have not been realized.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As a result of earnest research on the technology and use of inoculating soil fungi on charcoal and composing soil fungi-supported charcoal, the present inventors can support soil fungi on a wide range of charcoal, An effective soil improvement effect and fermentation treatment effect were found and the present invention was completed. The present invention provides a system for effective utilization of waste by rationally combining carbides and soil bacteria that have been conventionally handled separately. In other words, it is intended to expand the use of carbides including soil improvement applications in the field of crops and horticulture by supporting soil fungi on the carbides, and further uses papermaking sludge or food waste as carbide raw materials. Thus, the soil bacteria-supporting carbide is provided at a low cost and stably.
[0006]
That is, the object of the present invention is any one of Bacillus Coagulans or Bacillus Circulans (FERM P-17807), which is a soil fungus having excellent heat resistance and storage stability. It is to provide a soil fungus-supporting carbide in which one or both of the cells are supported on a carbide, which exhibits an effective soil improvement effect and fermentation treatment effect. That is, it is to provide a soil fungus-supporting carbide applicable to microbial materials for environmental purification including those for livestock, agriculture, fishery, food waste recycling and industrial use.
[0007]
Another object of the present invention is to provide a soil fungus-supporting carbide obtained by supporting subtilis (Bacillus Subtilis), which is a soil fungus having excellent heat resistance and storage stability, on a carbide. By using Sabutyls, we will promote the use of carbides especially in the field of wastewater treatment materials.
[0008]
Further, an object of the present invention is to use a carbonized product of paper sludge as a support for the fungus body, or a carbonized product of a mixture of paper sludge and animal bone meat residue / livestock manure / food waste. Therefore, a particularly preferred carbide support among the carbides is proposed. Here, the papermaking sludge contains 50 to 70% by weight of carbonizable organic matter per dry weight, most of which is composed of fine cellulose. By heating and carbonizing this paper sludge, a carbide containing 10% by weight or more of carbide content per dry weight of the carbide is obtained, and since it is a fine cellulose carbide, the use of its pores as a soil fungus support Objective. It is reasonable to use paper sludge as a raw material for charcoal loaded on soil bacteria, because the organic matter contained is composed of fine cellulose, but animal bone meat residue, livestock manure and food waste containing a large amount of organic matter. Another object of the present invention is to increase the carbon content of the carbide by carrying out the moisture adjustment or the oil / fat content adjustment, which is a pretreatment, and then carbonizing. In addition, only the animal bone meat residue, livestock manure, and food waste can be carbonized and used as a support. By mixing it with paper sludge, it is easy to heat and carbonize animal bone meat residue, livestock manure, and food waste. The purpose is to make it. Of course, it is also aimed at effective use of animal bone meat residues, livestock manure, and food waste that can be stably supplied at low cost. Furthermore, since most of the inorganic substances contained in the papermaking sludge are soil components such as clay, it is intended that the finished carbide can be used as a material for improving agricultural soil.
[0009]
The fourth object of the present invention is to use a carbonized product of a blend of paper sludge incineration ash and animal bone meat residue, livestock manure, and food waste as a support. It is proposed separately from the carbon support described above. The heat carbonization treatment of animal bone meat residue, livestock manure, and food waste is facilitated, and the use of these wastes and the utilization as agricultural land soil improvement materials are the same as described above. In particular, the following should be emphasized. In general, most of paper sludge is incinerated, and incinerated ash is reused as a raw material for cement, while others are disposed of in landfills and are hardly used as raw materials for soil improvement materials, special fertilizers, and fertilizers. However, this incinerated ash is relatively porous and has an excellent ability to adsorb and retain fats and oils as well as a capacity to retain moisture. The purpose is to take advantage of this property. The following can be illustrated as an example of utilization of the moisture adsorption retention performance and fat content adsorption retention performance of papermaking sludge incineration ash. That is, as meat waste, fat contained in animal bone meat residue discarded in large quantities is easily liquefied by heating. Therefore, at the stage where the animal bone meat residue, livestock manure, and meat waste are mixed with paper sludge incineration ash and subjected to heat carbonization, the liquefied oil and fat is adsorbed and held by the incineration ash and carbonized by its own combustion.
[0010]
A fifth object of the present invention is to produce and use a carbonized material that can support soil bacteria using cheap and stable waste that can be stably supplied to produce the above-mentioned soil bacteria-supported carbide so that it can be stably supplied at low cost. Is to provide a method. That is, use of paper sludge or paper sludge incineration ash, etc., and further use of animal bone meat residue, livestock manure, food waste, and the combination of these. At the same time, the object is to ensure the formation of spores on the carbide. In particular, when paper sludge incineration ash is used, the residual fats and oils of animal bone and meat residues, livestock manure, and food waste to be blended function as nutrient materials to ensure the growth of soil fungi and spore formation.
[0011]
The sixth object of the present invention is to propose the use of charcoal, activated carbon, peat, lignite, coal, etc. as a carbide support. An object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive method for producing a soil-borne charcoal that does not require carbonization.
[0012]
The seventh object of the present invention is to reliably form spores on carbides in the above production method. In particular, the case where charcoal, activated carbon, construction waste material carbide, etc. is used as a carbide support is targeted.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The soil fungus-supported carbide according to the present invention was carbonized so that the carbide content was 10% by weight or more per dry weight.A blend of paper sludge with at least one of animal bone and meat residues, livestock manure, and food wasteA carbonized product is used as a support, and either one of Bacillus Coagulans or Bacillus Circulans (FERM P-17807), which is a soil fungus, is used as the support. Inoculate with fungus alone or both, and 10 per dry gram weight of support4It is characterized by having more than one supported.
[0014]
The soil fungus-supported carbide according to the present invention was carbonized so that the carbide content was 10% by weight or more per dry weight.A blend of paper sludge with at least one of animal bone and meat residues, livestock manure, and food wasteThe carbonized product is used as a support, and the support is inoculated with only the cells of Bacillus Subtilis, a soil fungus, and 10% per 10 grams of dry weight of the support.4It is characterized by having more than one supported.
[0015]
Soil-borne charcoal according to the present inventionIs a carbonized product of a blend of at least one of animal bone meat residue, livestock manure, food waste, and paper sludge incinerated ash, which has been carbonized so that the carbide content is 10% by weight or more per dry weight. As a support, only one fungus of Bacillus Coagulans or Bacillus Circulans (Institute of Biotechnology, FERM P-17807) which is a soil fungus is used as the support, or Inoculate only both cells, 10 per dry gram weight of support 4 It is characterized by having more than one supported.
[0016]
Soil-borne charcoal according to the present inventionIs a carbonized product of a blend of at least one of animal bone meat residue, livestock manure, food waste, and paper sludge incinerated ash, which has been carbonized so that the carbide content is 10% by weight or more per dry weight. As a support, the support was inoculated only with Bacillus Subtilis, a soil fungus, and 10 per 10 grams of dry gram weight of the support. 4 It is characterized by having more than one supported.
[0017]
The method for producing a charcoal carrying a soil fungus according to the present invention is either a Bacillus Coagulans or a Bacillus Circulans (FERM P-17807), which is a soil fungus. Carbide support charcoal that inoculates and supports charcoal support only, or inoculates charcoal support with only fungus body of Bacillus Subtilis, which inoculates and supports charcoal support only or both fungus bodies. The manufacturing method of, DynamicCarbide content of a mixture of at least one of bone and meat residues / livestock manure / food waste and paper sludge or at least one of animal bone meat residues / livestock manure / food waste and paper sludge incinerated ash A carbonized product is formed so as to be 10% by weight or more per dry weight, the water content of the carbonized product is adjusted to 25 to 75% by weight, and a water-containing carbonized product is formed with a pH of 7.45 or less. The water-containing carbonized product is inoculated with the soil fungus, and the fungus body is 10 per gram weight of dry support.4It is characterized by having more than one supported.
[0018]
It should be noted that animal bone meat residue and paper sludge, animal waste meat and paper sludge, animal waste and paper sludge, food waste and paper sludge, animal bone meat residue Animal livestock manure and paper sludge, animal bone and meat residue and food waste and paper sludge, animal manure and food waste and paper sludge, animal bone meat residue and livestock manure, food waste and paper sludge There are combinations. There is a similar combination for a blend of at least one of animal bone meat residue, livestock manure, food waste and paper sludge incineration ash.
[0020]
The method for producing a soil fungus-supporting carbide according to the present invention preferably includes a step of adding 1 to 20% by weight or less of a nutrient material to the dry weight of the carbonized product with respect to the moisture-containing carbonized product. .
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail through embodiments and examples, but the present invention is not construed as being limited thereto.
[0022]
Carbide as a support in the present inventionThe movementSkeletal meat residues, livestock manure, and food waste can also be used as a support by carbonization. However, it is difficult to handle carbonized raw materials containing a large amount of moisture as they are, so paper sludge is carbonized alone, or animal bone meat residue, livestock manure, and food waste are added to the paper sludge. It is preferable to perform carbonization to obtain a carbide having a carbide content of 10% by weight or more. Further, it is preferable to use a carbide having a carbide content of 10% by weight or more as a support by blending animal bone meat residue, livestock manure, and food waste with paper sludge incineration ash and carbonizing.
[0023]
The carbonization method in the present invention will be described. In the present invention, after the carbonization target is dried, the heat treatment is performed under the condition that the air is almost shut off. When heat treatment is performed under conditions where the air is substantially shut off, components other than inorganic substances (things that become ash) such as hydrogen, oxygen, and organic substances in the carbonization target are gradually volatilized to obtain carbides. The carbide content in the present invention is defined by Equation 1.
[Formula 1]
Carbide content (%) = (Carbide weight-Ash weight) / (Carbide weight)
In order to adjust the carbide content, the heating temperature and the air barrier property are appropriately adjusted.
[0024]
Next, it describes about the method of obtaining the inoculum of a soil microbe. First, the case where one or both of Bacillus coagulance marketed as Suruga fungi or Bacillus suraclance marketed as Suruga fungi is used as a soil fungus will be described. Either or both of Bacillus coagulance and Bacillus suraclance are used as seeds in liquid culture. At this time, G medium was used as liquid culture. G medium composition, for example, FeSOFour・ 7H20.00005% O, CuSOFour・ 2H20.0025% O, ZnSOFour・ 7H20.005% O, MnSOFour・ 4H20.005% O, MgSOFour0.02%, CaCl2・ 2H20.0025% O, K2HPOFour0.05%, (NHFour) 2SOFourWas adjusted to 0.2%, yeast extract 0.2%, and glucose 0.1% to a pH of 7.25 to 7.45. Then, shaking culture was performed at 37 ° C. for 2 days, and spore formation was confirmed with a phase contrast microscope to obtain an inoculum.
[0025]
In addition, about the inoculum manufacturing method inoculated to a carbide | carbonized_material, the manufacturing method by a solid medium is also employable. The present invention is not limited by the method for producing inoculum.
[0026]
Next, a method for supporting soil bacteria on a carbide support will be described. Since the carbonized material passes through a temperature environment condition that is extremely difficult for the microorganisms to survive when the carbonization is completed, reliable cell inoculation must be realized. Therefore, as the inoculum to be used, it is preferable that spores are reliably formed, and inspection with a phase contrast microscope is simple. When the alkali content of the carbide to inoculate the microbial cells is high, the pH is adjusted to 7.45 or less with running water, and the water content is adjusted to 25 to 75% by weight. Since it is necessary to surely form spores on the carbide, a method of replenishing nutrient materials is preferred when charcoal, activated carbon, or the like is used as the carbide support. Lactose, peptone, meat extract, yeast extract, glucose and the like can be used as nutrient materials, and supplementation with other minerals is also effective. Although this invention is not restrict | limited to a nutrient material, the kind of mineral, and addition amount, in order to implement | achieve reliable spore formation on the carbide | carbonized_material surface, it is preferable to refrain from excessive addition.
[0027]
Next, the case where Bacillus subtilis is used as a soil fungus is described. Bacillus subtilis is a soil fungus that is already widely used for oil and fat decomposition in wastewater treatment. Therefore, the main purpose of supporting this soil fungus on carbides, especially charcoal and activated carbon, is to promote the use of carbides in the field of wastewater treatment materials. However, the present invention is not limited to this application. The method of inoculating and supporting the fungus body is the same as the case of using either or both of the aforementioned Bacillus coagulance and Bacillus suraclance.
[0028]
In the case of producing carbide using food waste, it is effective because residual substances become a nutrient source for soil bacteria. Moreover, since minerals are also retained, it is reasonable as a soil fungus support. However, the handling is not easy due to the contained moisture, fats and oils or odor. Therefore, the method of using papermaking sludge or papermaking sludge incinerated ash to facilitate its handling contributes to the low-cost and stable supply of soil fungi-supported carbide and is an effective means.
[0029]
【Example】
(Inoculum culture method)
For inoculum culture, G medium was used for culturing either or both of Bacillus coagulance and Bacillus suraclance. The G medium was also used for culturing Bacillus subtilis cells. G medium composition is FeSOFour・ 7H20.00005% O, CuSOFour・ 2H20.0025% O, ZnSOFour・ 7H20.005% O, MnSOFour・ 4H20.005% O, MgSOFour0.02%, CaCl2・ 2H20.0025% O, K2HPOFour0.05%, (NHFour) 2SOFourWas adjusted to 0.2%, yeast extract 0.2%, and glucose 0.1% to a pH of 7.25 to 7.45. Then, shaking culture was performed at 37 ° C. for 2 days, and spore formation was confirmed with a phase contrast microscope to obtain an inoculum.
[0030]
(Carbonization treatment)
The papermaking sludge was carbonized. Table 1 shows the carbide content when the papermaking sludge is used alone as a carbide. Any paper sludge has a carbide content of 10% by weight or more and can be used as a soil fungus support. This carbide is used as a support.
[Table 1]
[0031]
[Production of charcoal on soil bacteriaReference example1]
Each of the four types of paper sludge carbides (A to D) shown in Table 1 was washed with running water until the pH was 7.45 or less, and water was prepared so that the water content was 45% by weight. did. As a nutrient source, 0.5% by weight of lactose and 1.0% by weight of peptone were added to the weight of water. Next, inoculate the soil inoculum prepared by the above inoculum culture method, culture at 37 ° C., confirm spore formation, dry with warm air at 70 ° C., adjust the moisture to 25% by weight, and soil The bacteria-supporting carbides 1A to 1D were used.
[0032]
[Production of charcoal on soil bacteriaReference example2]
The charcoal and the coconut shell activated carbon were washed with running water until the pH was 7.45 or less, and water was prepared so that the water content was 45% by weight to obtain a carbide support. As a nutrient material, 0.5% by weight of lactose and 1.0% by weight of peptone were added to the weight of water. Next, inoculate with the soil fungus inoculum prepared by the above inoculum culture method, culture at 37 ° C., confirm spore formation, dry at 70 ° C. with warm air to adjust the moisture to 25% by weight, and carry the soil fungus-supported carbide. 2.
[0033]
[Production Example 3 of Carbohydrate Carrying Soil Bacteria]
An equal amount of pork bone residue and vegetable waste was added to 1 part by weight of paper sludge from the integrated pulp and paper mill, and carbonization was performed by heating. The moisture content of this carbide was adjusted to 65% by weight, inoculated with the soil fungus seed prepared by the above-mentioned seed culture method, cultured at 37 ° C. for 7 days, and after spore formation was confirmed, dried at 70 ° C. in warm air, The moisture was adjusted to 25% by weight or less to obtain soil fungus-supporting carbide 3.
[0034]
[Production Example 4 of Carbohydrate Carrying Soil Bacteria]
An equivalent amount of bone residue and vegetable waste was added to 1 part by weight of paper sludge incineration ash from an integrated pulp and paper mill, and heat carbonization was performed to obtain a carbide content of 12% by weight as a carbide content per dry weight. Soil fungus inoculum prepared by the inoculum culture method was inoculated to obtain soil fungus-supporting carbide 4.
[0035]
[Production Example 5 of Carbide Carrying Soil Bacteria]
Animal bone meat residue was added to the papermaking sludge incineration ash of the integrated pulp and paper mill, and carbonization was performed by heating to obtain a carbide content of 9 to 12% by weight as dry matter as the carbide content. Soil fungus inoculum prepared by the above inoculum culture method was inoculated to obtain soil fungus-supporting carbide 5. 10 per gram weight of finished carbide dry without supplementation of nutritional materials and minerals4The number of bacteria was more than one.
[0036]
[Supporting Body Application Example 1-1] (Reference example1)
100 kg per 10 ares was cultivated with soil fungus-supporting carbides 1A to 1D on the second-stage crop potato farmland, and potato was planted after one month without using a disinfectant. There was no sore disease, and good results were obtained from the earth. It can be used as a microbial material or a soil improvement material. In addition, the inoculated bacteria showed good results both as Bacillus coagulance and / or Bacillus suraclance as well as Bacillus subtilis.
[0037]
[Supporting body application example 1-2] (Reference example2)
100 kg per 10 ares was cultivated in the second-stage crop potato farmland, and potato was planted after one month without using a disinfectant. There was no sore disease, and good results were obtained from the earth. It can be used as a microbial material or a soil improvement material. In addition, the inoculated bacteria showed good results both as Bacillus coagulance and / or Bacillus suraclance as well as Bacillus subtilis.
[0038]
[Supporting body application example 2] (Reference example3)
Add 20g of soil fungi-bearing charcoal 1A to 1D per 480g of carnation seedling culture soil,Reference exampleIt was set as 3A-3D. The additive-free standard section was designated as Comparative Example 3-1. Carbonized ash was added in an amount of 20 g per 480 g of carnation seedling culture soil, and compared with Comparative Example 3-2. The results are shown in Table 2.Reference exampleIn 3A to 3D, the growth amount increased and reproducible survival performance was confirmed.
[Table 2]
In addition, the inoculated bacteria showed good results both as Bacillus coagulance and / or Bacillus suraclance as well as Bacillus subtilis.
[0039]
[Supporting body application example 3]
Example 4
10% by weight of fish carp was added to the soil fungus-supporting carbide 3 and the water content was adjusted to 65% by weight with hot air at 70 ° C., followed by fermentation at 40 ° C. for 7 days. As a result, a fermented processed product with less fish odor was obtained.
[0040]
[Supporting body application example 4]
(Example 5)
40 parts by weight of cow dung was mixed with the soil bacteria-supporting carbide 4 and subjected to a fermentation treatment at 40 ° C. for one month. An odorless fermented product was obtained.
[0041]
The soil improvement effect was recognized also about any application example of [Supporting body application example 1-1]-[Supporting body application example 4]. Papermaking sludge or papermaking sludge incineration ash is effective as a material for adjusting moisture and oil content of processed materials.
[0042]
(Example 6)
Adjust the carbide content of papermaking sludge in the integrated pulp and paper mill in the range of 1.72 to 16.37% by weight (Reference example6-1Reference example6-5) The soil fungus prepared by the above inoculum culture method was supported and the number of the bacteria was determined by MPN. Further, the carbide content of the soil fungus-supporting carbide 5 was prepared in the range of 9.69 to 12.04% by weight (Examples 6-6 to 6-8), the number of bacteria was determined by MPN, and the results were shown. It was shown in 3.
[Table 3]
As shown in Table 3, when the carbide content of the carbide for making the soil bacteria-supporting carbide is 10% by weight or more per dry weight, the number of soil bacteria is 10 per dry weight of the carbide.4It was possible to carry more than 1 piece / g. When the carbide content was less than 10% by weight, it was difficult to support the number of bacteria at a high concentration. Therefore, a carbide content of 10% by weight or more is practical and enables reliable soil bacteria support.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a system for effectively using waste by rationally combining carbides and soil bacteria that have been treated separately. We were able to provide a soil-borne charcoal that can be applied to microbial materials for environmental purification, including livestock, agriculture, fishery, food waste recycling, and industrial use. In other words, by supporting soil fungi on the carbide, the use of carbides including soil improvement in the crop and horticultural fields is expanded (use in soil improvement materials, special fertilizers, fertilizers, etc.), and paper sludge or By using food-based waste as a carbide raw material, it is possible to stably provide a soil fungus-supported carbide at a low cost.A particularly preferred carbide support among the carbides could be proposed. It is also possible to increase the carbon content of the carbide by subjecting the animal bone meat residue, livestock excrement, and food waste, which contain a large amount of organic matter, to moisture control or fat / oil control, followed by carbonization. Mixing animal bone meat residues, livestock manure, and food waste that can be supplied stably and inexpensively with paper sludge makes it easy to heat and carbonize animal bone meat residues, livestock manure, and food waste. . Furthermore, since most of the inorganic substances contained in the papermaking sludge are soil components such as clay, the finished carbide can be used as a farmland soil improvement material.
[0044]
According to the invention described in claim 2, it is possible to promote the use of carbides particularly in the field of wastewater treatment materials.A particularly preferred carbide support among the carbides could be proposed. It is also possible to increase the carbon content of the carbide by subjecting the animal bone meat residue, livestock excrement, and food waste, which contain a large amount of organic matter, to moisture control or fat / oil control, followed by carbonization. Mixing animal bone meat residues, livestock manure, and food waste that can be supplied stably and inexpensively with paper sludge makes it easy to heat and carbonize animal bone meat residues, livestock manure, and food waste. . Furthermore, since most of the inorganic substances contained in the papermaking sludge are soil components such as clay, the finished carbide can be used as a farmland soil improvement material.
[0045]
According to the invention described in claim 3, it is possible to provide a system for effectively using waste by rationally combining carbides and soil bacteria that have been treated separately. We were able to provide a soil-borne charcoal that can be applied to microbial materials for environmental purification, including livestock, agriculture, fishery, food waste recycling, and industrial use. In other words, by supporting soil fungi on the carbide, the use of carbides including soil improvement in the field of crops and horticulture is expanded (use in soil improvement materials, special fertilizers, fertilizers, etc.), and paper sludge or By using food-based waste as a carbide raw material, it is possible to stably provide a soil fungus-supported carbide at a low cost. A particularly preferred carbide support among the carbides could be proposed. Another carbide support that is particularly preferred among the carbides could be proposed. In general, most paper sludge is incinerated, and incinerated ash is reused as a raw material for cement, while others are disposed of in landfills and are rarely used as raw materials for soil improvement materials, special fertilizers, fertilizers, etc. Was relatively porous, and was able to take advantage of its excellent water retention capacity and adsorption retention capacity for fats and oils.
[0046]
According to the invention described in claim 4, it is possible to promote the use of carbides particularly in the field of wastewater treatment materials. Another carbide support that is particularly preferred among the carbides could be proposed. In general, most paper sludge is incinerated, and incinerated ash is reused as a raw material for cement, while others are disposed of in landfills and are rarely used as raw materials for soil improvement materials, special fertilizers, fertilizers, etc. Was relatively porous, and was able to take advantage of its excellent water retention capacity and adsorption retention capacity for fats and oils.
[0047]
According to the invention of claim 5, a method for producing the above-mentioned soil fungus-supported carbide so that it can be stably supplied at a low cost by producing and using a carbonized material that can support soil fungi using waste that can be stably supplied at low cost. Could be provided. That is, use of paper sludge or paper sludge incineration ash, and further use of animal bone meat residue, livestock manure, food waste, and use of combinations thereof. At the same time, the spore can be surely formed on the carbide. In particular, when paper sludge incineration ash is used, the residual fats and oils of animal bone and meat residues, livestock manure, and food waste to be blended function as nutrient materials to ensure the growth of soil fungi and spore formation.
[0049]
Claim 6According to the described invention,Claim 5In this manufacturing method, spores can be reliably formed on the carbide. This is particularly effective when charcoal, activated carbon or the like is used as a carbide support.
[0050]
As described above, according to the present invention, the fact that soil bacteria can be reliably supported on the carbide and can be promptly reduced to farmland via carbonization treatment contributes greatly to the establishment of a recycling society.
Claims (6)
動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物の少なくとも１つと製紙スラッジとの配合物又は動物骨肉残滓・家畜糞尿・食品系廃棄物の少なくとも１つと製紙スラッジ焼却灰との配合物について、炭化物含量が乾燥重量あたり１０重量％以上となるように炭化処理物を形成し、該炭化処理物の水分含量を２５〜７５重量％に調製し、かつｐＨが７．４５以下に水分含有炭化処理物を形成し、該水分含有炭化処理物に前記土壌菌を接種し、前記菌体を支持体乾燥グラム重量あたり１０４個以上担持させたことを特徴とする土壌菌担持炭化物の製造方法。Soil fungi, Bacillus Coagulans or Bacillus Circulans (National Institute of Biotechnology, FERM P-17807), only one or both of them is a carbide support. A method for producing a charcoal carrying a soil fungus, in which only a cell of Bacillus Subtilis, a soil fungus, is inoculated and carried on a charcoal support ,
For at least one blend of papermaking sludge, or at least one blend of papermaking sludge ash animal flesh residues, animal manure, food waste of animal flesh residues, animal manure, food waste, carbide content The carbonized product is formed so that the water content is 10% by weight or more per dry weight, the water content of the carbonized product is adjusted to 25 to 75% by weight, and the water-containing carbonized product is adjusted to a pH of 7.45 or less. formed was inoculated with the soil bacteria said moisture-containing hydrocarbon treated, method of manufacturing a soil bacterium carrying carbides, characterized in that by supporting the cell support dry grams per 10 4 or more.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001171563A JP4451024B2 (en) | 2001-06-06 | 2001-06-06 | Soil fungus-supporting carbide and method for producing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001171563A JP4451024B2 (en) | 2001-06-06 | 2001-06-06 | Soil fungus-supporting carbide and method for producing the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002360244A JP2002360244A (en) | 2002-12-17 |
| JP4451024B2 true JP4451024B2 (en) | 2010-04-14 |
Family
ID=19013314
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001171563A Expired - Lifetime JP4451024B2 (en) | 2001-06-06 | 2001-06-06 | Soil fungus-supporting carbide and method for producing the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4451024B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4494399B2 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2010-06-30 | 三菱化学フーズ株式会社 | Method for producing L-lactic acid |
| CN100400651C (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2008-07-09 | 浙江大学 | Bacillus coagulans strains and uses thereof |
| JP5044261B2 (en) * | 2007-04-09 | 2012-10-10 | 茂 中野 | Animal feed |
| JP2010000472A (en) * | 2008-06-23 | 2010-01-07 | Fujita Corp | Oil adsorbing material |
| CN108559723A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-09-21 | 江苏远山生物技术有限公司 | Bacillus coagulans, excrement enterobacteria and enterococcus faecium mix bacterium agent preparation method |
| CN113073060A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-06 | 青岛万慧源环保科技有限公司 | Composition for soil remediation and remediation method |
| JP2024172820A (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2024-12-12 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | Method for manufacturing plant growth promoter, method for growing plants, and plant growth promoter |
-
2001
- 2001-06-06 JP JP2001171563A patent/JP4451024B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2002360244A (en) | 2002-12-17 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Wan et al. | Effects of earthworm activity and P‐solubilizing bacteria on P availability in soil | |
| US8592343B2 (en) | Polymeric compositions containing rhizobium and/or plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria inoculant, use thereof and seeds treated with the compositions | |
| US20220144717A1 (en) | Bio-stimulant and method of producing same | |
| JP2013159535A (en) | Method for producing liquid fertilizer, method for producing compost and no-tillage farming method | |
| CN115786173B (en) | Application of Bacillus subtilis to enhance the use of black soldier flies in treating livestock and poultry manure and kitchen waste | |
| CN109851451A (en) | Organic compound fertilizer produced by eighty percent of sludge with water content and manufacturing method thereof | |
| KR101098520B1 (en) | Microorganisms for Composting Organic Wastes Using Aneurinibacillus Thermoaerophilus Strains, Methods for Manufacturing the Same, and Methods for Composting Organic Wastes Using the Same | |
| CN107129327A (en) | Microbial manure and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103621210B (en) | A kind of method improving moisture soil available phosphorus content | |
| JP4451024B2 (en) | Soil fungus-supporting carbide and method for producing the same | |
| CN103074228B (en) | Composite fermentation inoculant for processing animal wastes, and preparation method and application thereof | |
| JP7811076B2 (en) | Method for treating organic waste materials | |
| AU2023326736A1 (en) | Treatment of organic waste | |
| CN121021222A (en) | A Highly Efficient Aerobic Fermentation Corn Cob-Based Bioconditioner and Its Application | |
| JP4852205B2 (en) | Processing method for poultry manure fermentation | |
| CN107099493A (en) | Compound microbial excrement decomposing agent and preparation method and excrement become thoroughly decomposed processing method | |
| JPH0632708A (en) | Microbial material and its production | |
| KR0170603B1 (en) | Microorganism preparation accelerating decomposition that has excellent organic byproduct resolving power and effluvium removing power and its method for preparation | |
| KR19980014317A (en) | Land improvement agent and its manufacturing method | |
| CA3147054C (en) | Bio-stimulant and method of producing same | |
| Abou El Seoud et al. | VERMICOMPOST AND BIOCHAR EFFECTS ON THE MYCORRHIZAL SYMBIOSIS AND SOIL MICROBIAL COMMUNITY ASSOCIATED WITH GUAVA SEEDLINGS | |
| CN110129233B (en) | Microbial agent for preparing fermentation bed padding for cage-raised chickens and preparation method thereof | |
| CN117946892A (en) | Method for producing deodorized fermented livestock manure liquid fertilizer using long-term stored deodorized microbial liquid preparation and useful microorganisms | |
| Gabhane et al. | Application of biochar for soil remediation | |
| KR102810658B1 (en) | Environmentally friendly soil conditioner using coal waste rock and fermented product containing nitrogen-fixing microorganisms and preparation method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| RD05 | Notification of revocation of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7425 Effective date: 20050106 |
|
| A711 | Notification of change in applicant |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A712 Effective date: 20070820 |
|
| A711 | Notification of change in applicant |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A711 Effective date: 20070827 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A821 Effective date: 20070828 |
|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20080228 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20080829 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20090728 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20090925 |
|
| A711 | Notification of change in applicant |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A711 Effective date: 20090930 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A821 Effective date: 20091002 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20091111 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20100104 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20100126 |
|
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20100127 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 4451024 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130205 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130205 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20150205 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |