JP4815920B2 - Crop conveyor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a crop conveyance device for quantitatively conveying harvested vegetables such as onions.

  Such a crop conveyance device is used in a vegetable harvesting processing machine or the like that includes a foliage processing unit and removes the foliage of harvested vegetables such as onions and then ships and packs them. In the vegetable harvesting processing machine shown in Patent Document 1, in order to transport the input vegetables received in the hopper to the foliage processing unit, it is provided with a loading unit composed of a speed-regulating conveyor and a scraping conveyor that can be controlled, By providing a conveyance amount detecting means for detecting the height of vegetable accumulation on the speed control conveyor, the speed of the speed control conveyor can be adjusted according to the conveyance amount. By adjusting the speed of the governing conveyor, the vegetables can be delivered from the hopper to the scraping conveyor at a constant transport amount, and the fixed amount of vegetables can be transported to the foliage processing section via the scraping conveyor and cut into the foliage.

However, vegetables put into the hot path from the container or the like is irregularly deposited on the governor on the conveyor, the deposition height of the irregular vegetables from be detected by the conveyance amount detecting means, the detection value Even if it adjusts the conveyance speed of a speed-control conveyor based on it, it is difficult to make conveyance amount constant, As a result, the quantity of the vegetables which a foliage processing part receives via a raising conveyor will fluctuate.
Therefore, the vegetable harvesting processor has a problem that the operator has to monitor from time to time in order to increase the processing efficiency in the foliage processing unit.
JP 2003-38152 A

The problem to be solved is to provide a crop transport device in which the transport amount of the speed-controlling conveyor is adjusted to be constant with a simple configuration , and the operator does not need to monitor the state of the crop staying at any time .

The invention according to claim 1 is a speed control conveyor (3) capable of adjusting the speed, a staying part (12) for temporarily retaining crops conveyed by the speed control conveyor (3), and a staying part (12 ) And a lifting conveyor (4) that scrapes up the crop that has been temporarily retained, and the retention portion (12) detects a retention amount of the crop retained in the retention portion (12). A stage is provided, and this staying amount detection means is constituted by a control plate (14) capable of moving up and down which is pushed up to the staying upper end position by the crop staying in the staying portion (12). depending CVT drive mechanism controlled by the (11) provided in the speed governor conveyor (3), the governor tweezers speed adjustment of the conveyor (3) in response to the detection of the residual amount detecting hand stage, the The lifting conveyor (4) has a number of lifting bodies (4 ) And the distance (X) between the control plate (14) and the trajectory of the scraped body (4a) is shorter than the distance (Y) between the control plate (14) and the bottom surface of the staying portion (12). , the bottom of the retaining part (12) is characterized in that a diaphragm (13) for vibrating the crop in the retaining part (12).

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first aspect, the control plate (14) is pivotally supported so as to be vertically movable by a support shaft (15b) attached to the other end of the support arm (15). A connecting arm (15c) is provided integrally with the support shaft (15b), and a speed adjusting rod (11r) for link controlling the continuously variable transmission drive mechanism (11) is connected to an end of the connecting arm (15c). The speed control rod (11r) is characterized in that it is in contact with and connected to the operating arm (11h) for controlling the speed of the continuously variable transmission drive mechanism (11) by link operation .

According to the configuration of the first aspect, the input crop is conveyed to the staying portion by the speed control conveyor, and the crop is scraped and transferred from the staying portion by the lifting conveyor. At this time, the staying portion of the staying portion is made uniform by the diaphragm, and the staying amount is managed with high accuracy by controlling the speed control of the speed control conveyor according to the staying amount of the staying portion detected by the staying amount detecting means. be able to. Therefore, even when the amount of crops transported by the governing conveyor fluctuates, the amount of staying can be maintained constant, so that a constant amount of crops can always be scraped up by the scraping conveyor. It can be performed.
In addition, the control plate moves up and down according to the amount of crop accumulated in the staying portion at a position close to the scraping conveyor, and the continuously variable transmission mechanism is controlled according to the vertical movement of the control plate to drive the speed regulating conveyor. Is done. Therefore, the staying amount of the staying portion is adjusted in accordance with the staying amount of the crop, and the staying amount in the staying portion can be managed with high accuracy.
In addition, because the distance between the control plate and the swirling path of the scraped body is made shorter than the distance between the control plate and the bottom surface of the staying section, when a plurality of entangled crops are scraped up, these crops Since the amount of staying is adjusted by pushing up, the crop can be transported up by a certain amount by a lifting conveyor. Further, when the crop comes into contact with the control plate and falls, the entanglement between the crops is eliminated, so that the crop can be transported by a certain amount by a lifting conveyor.
Furthermore, the retention amount of a crop can be ensured by taking the distance between the control plate and the bottom surface of the retention portion.

In addition to the effect of the first aspect of the present invention, the second aspect of the present invention is such that when the carry-in amount exceeds the carry-out amount by the scraping conveyor, the crop stays in the stay portion, and the control plate 14 increases with the increase of the stay crop. Is pushed up, the support arm and the connecting arm rotate together to move the speed control rod in the deceleration direction, so that the speed control conveyor is decelerated and controlled. Contrary to this, when the amount of staying crop in the staying portion decreases, the speed control conveyor is controlled to increase in speed.
As a result, even when the amount of crops received by the governing conveyor fluctuates irregularly, the amount of staying in the staying section can be kept constant. It is not necessary to intentionally increase / decrease the speed, and work without loss can be performed continuously.

Embodiments specifically configured based on the above technical idea will be described below with reference to the drawings.
Toppers processor to the foliage cut onions or the like, its internal structure side view as shown in FIG. 1, the crop W of onions or the like received from the container C comprises a container Utatedodai 1 or the like turned hot Pas 2 A carry-in unit (crop conveyance device) that sequentially conveys the leaves, a foliage processing unit configured to remove the foliage portion of the crop, which is constituted by the foliage cutting device 5 and the like, and a final cutting device 7 and a sorting conveyor that conveys the crops by the lift conveyor 6 8 comprises a sorting section for sorting work by 8 etc. and a packing section by left and right delivery conveyors 9 etc.

To describe in detail carrying section, an enlarged side view of the internal structure as shown in FIG. 2, turned hot path 2 receives crop from the container C which is raised tipping the container Utatedodai 1, adjusted to its bottom fast conveyor 3 arranged in the the transport destination to form a retaining portion 12 which is referred to as a second relief path for temporarily staying crops, many scrape body 4a ... a constant speed so as to sandwich the retention portion 12 A scraping conveyor 4 that circulates is arranged and configured. The speed control conveyor 3 includes a continuously variable transmission drive mechanism 11 and is speed controlled. The retention portion 12, a diaphragm 13 which receives the crop at its bottom, provided with a control plate 14 as the holdup detection hand stage of the control plate to be pushed dwell upper end position by retention crops spans the entire width of the retention portion 12.

  The control plate 14 is pivotally supported by a support shaft 15b attached to the other end of the support arm 15 so as to be vertically movable, and a balance weight arm 15w and a connecting arm 15c are provided integrally with the support shaft 15b. A speed adjusting rod 11r that links the continuously variable transmission drive mechanism 11 is connected to the end of the connecting arm 15c. The speed adjusting rod 11r is in contact with the operating arm 11h side for controlling the speed of the continuously variable transmission drive mechanism 11 by link operation, and is adjusted by a spring 11f within a range up to the stop speed position set by the stopper 11s. The speed change can be adjusted (the left side in the figure is decelerated) following the forward / backward movement of 11r.

  In this case, by arranging the support shaft 15b in the vicinity of the terminal end portion of the governing conveyor 3, the control plate 14 is moved up according to the increase in the staying amount in the staying portion 12, so that the crop is the vibrating plate 13 or the scraping conveyor 4 Since the control plate 14 is acted in the deceleration direction and moves away from the crop, the control plate 14 is smoothly discharged by the scraping conveyor 4 without pressing the crop. In addition, the upper limit of the control plate 14 is eliminated and the crop can be prevented from being damaged by freely abutting and connecting the governing rod 11r so as not to be advanced or retracted by the rotation limit of the operation arm 11h. .

  In the carry-in section configured as described above, when the crop received by the input hopper 2 is conveyed to the staying section 12 by the speed governor 3, the crop received by the diaphragm 13 is sent to the foliage cutting device 5 by the lifting conveyor 4. . When the carry-in amount from the speed control conveyor 3 exceeds the carry-out amount by the lifting conveyor 4, the crops stay in the staying portion 12, and the control plate 14 is pushed up as the staying crops increase. As a result, the speed control rod 11r is moved in the decelerating direction by the integral rotation operation of the control plate 14, the support arm 15, the support shaft 15b, and the connecting arm 15c. When the staying amount of the staying portion 12 increases, the speed control conveyor 3 is controlled to be decelerated, and when the staying amount decreases, the speed control conveyor 3 is controlled to increase. At this time, since the staying state is made uniform by the diaphragm 13, the staying amount can be detected by the control plate 14 with high accuracy.

  As described above, the amount of staying in the staying section 12 can be managed with high accuracy, so that even when the amount of crop received from the input hopper 2 on the speed governing conveyor 3 fluctuates irregularly, the speed control of the continuously variable transmission is performed. By the continuous speed adjustment by the conveyor 3, the staying amount of the staying portion 12 can be made constant. As a result, a certain amount of crops is always supplied to the foliage treatment unit by the scraping conveyor 4 so that foliage treatment can be performed efficiently. Accordingly, it is possible to continuously perform a loss-free operation without monitoring the amount of crop staying in the staying portion 12 and intentionally increasing / decreasing the speed of the speed regulating conveyor 3.

  Further, the balance weight arm 15w holds the weight B in an angle position opposite to the support arm 15 so that the upward pushing force decreases as the control plate 14 is raised and the balance weight 15w is balanced. Until the weight arm 15w becomes horizontal, the torque is increased so that the sensitivity of the control plate 14 is increased, and the mounting radius can be selected to adjust the sensitivity of the control plate 14. .

Next, a specific configuration of the staying portion 12 will be described with reference to an enlarged view of FIG.
The diaphragm 13 is configured to cover the entire width of the staying portion 12, and the support shaft 13b is provided at an appropriate position (in the vicinity of the lifting conveyor 4 in the illustrated example), and the side of the lifting conveyor 4 is disposed at a low slope. An elastic member 13e is attached to the upper surface of the diaphragm 13, and the lower end of the elastic member 13e is extended to a position where the elastic member 13e enters the outer edge of the scraped body 4a of the scraping conveyor 4 for reliable delivery of the crop. An intermediate roller 3r is provided immediately below the terminal end of the speed control conveyor 3 so as to be close to the intermediate roller 3r, and a reciprocating mechanism using an eccentric disk 13c is provided.

  The crop is sent to the scraping conveyor 4 by the inclination of the vibration plate 13, and by the vibration operation, the crop conveyed in an intertwined state is loosened and separated and passed to the scraping conveyor 4 without staying. When the amount of carry-in from the speed control conveyor 3 is excessive and stagnation occurs, the stagnation of the stagnation part 12 can be made uniform by the vibration operation of the diaphragm 13 and passed to the scraping conveyor 4.

  Further, the intermediate roller 3r is disposed at the intermediate portion between the speed control conveyor 3 and the vibration plate 13 so as to wrap with the upper end face of the vibration plate 13 outside the outer peripheral end of the speed control conveyor 3, thereby controlling the speed control conveyor. 3 is restricted, and the crop caught in the middle roller 3r is released from the entanglement force, and the pulling force by the governing conveyor 3 is eliminated, so that the middle roller 3r can be idled. By configuring, it rolls down to the diaphragm 13 side. Therefore, it is possible to prevent crops that rotate with the governing conveyor 3 from being caught by the diaphragm 13 and staying out of the diaphragm 13 and falling outside the apparatus. Various shapes such as a circle, a polygon, and a lug can be applied to the outer shape of the middle roller 3r.

  The structure of the control plate 14 is constituted by a pipe member that continues in a full width or continuously or in a comb shape in order to adjust the flow rate on the average within the width of the staying portion 12, and the surface thereof is elastic for protecting crops. Cover with body 14e. Further, the lower surface and the lifting conveyor so that the control plate 14 can be pushed up well without depending on the position within the width of the staying portion 12 and can be lifted up by the lifting conveyor 4 without damaging the crop. 4 side is formed in an R-shaped curved surface or an inclined surface. By comprising in this way, the control board 14 can be comprised easily with few parts, and while preventing the damage of crops by forming a space between each member, adhesion of mud, a foliage residue etc. can be prevented. . Further, the partition plate 14p is erected on the upper part in order to prevent an operational trouble caused by the crop jumping over the control plate 14.

  The position of the control plate 14 in the staying portion 12 is such that the vibration plate interferes with the control plate 14 when the crop is entangled so as to jump out from the outer edge of the raised body 4a of the raising conveyor 4 It is made to adjoin to the circumference trajectory of the outer edge of the scraped body 4a of the scraping conveyor 4 to a distance X (corresponding to one or two crops) smaller than a distance Y (three to five crops) up to 13. Due to the positional relationship between the control plate 14 and the lifting conveyor 4, when an entangled crop pops out of the lifting conveyor 4 and interferes with the control plate 14, the amount of residence is adjusted by pushing up the control plate 14. Alternatively, since the entanglement is eliminated by the control plate 14 being scraped off by the staying portion 12, it is possible to scrape and convey a certain amount of crop without abnormal scraping, and the distance between the control plate and the bottom surface of the staying portion It is possible to secure the amount of crop retention.

  Further, the connecting arm 15c integral with the control plate 14 is connected to the tip of the speed adjusting rod 11r via an adjusting link 15d for adjusting the connecting position, and connected to a connecting rod 16c for defining the connecting position. An operation lever 16 that can be tilted is pivotally supported on a fulcrum 16b on the support arm 15, and a lever guide 16g for multistage adjustment is provided. Thus, a link control adjusting mechanism for manually adjusting the link control of the speed regulating conveyor 3 is configured.

  The operation lever 16 is tilted to adjust its position A, so that the rotation angle position B of the adjustment link 15d is changed and the connection position of the speed control rod 11r is changed. Therefore, the control plate 14 and the speed control rod 11r Can be adjusted. For example, when the operation lever 16 is tilted to the speed control conveyor 3 side, the speed control rod 11r is moved to the left and adjusted to the deceleration S side. Conversely, when the operation lever 16 is tilted to the scraping conveyor 4 side, the speed control is performed. Since the rod 11r moves rightward and is adjusted to the speed increasing F side, the maximum speed of the speed governing conveyor 3 can be adjusted.

  Regarding the belt configuration of the speed governing conveyor 3, as shown in FIG. 4 in a side view (a) and a plan view (b), the lugs 21 of normal pitch P are distributed to the left and right by half width on the conveyor belt surface, These are formed in a staggered pattern with a half pitch shift. With the above-mentioned lag arrangement, the entire conveyance amount does not change, but since the injection amount for one lag is half, the spraying to the vibrating plate 13 of the conveyance destination becomes uniform, and the crop W is transferred to the scraping conveyor 4 Becomes better.

Next, the foliage cutting device of the foliage processing unit will be described.
The foliage cutting device 5 is composed of left and right scraping rollers 21a and 21b in which cutter blades are spirally arranged and arranged in parallel as one set, and a plan view of the maintenance operation state is shown. As shown in FIG. 5, the roller holding frame 22 is configured independently of the airframe frame 23, and is supported on rails 24, 24 attached to the airframe frame 23 via rolling support means. It can be pulled out and detachable. The roller holding frame 22 is provided with a lock mechanism that positions the working position and the drawing position.

The foliage cutting device 5 having the above configuration is located in a narrow place below the sorting unit in the layout of the vegetable harvesting processing machine, and even if it cannot be operated as it is, it is easy to maintain by pulling it out or removing it from the side of the machine body. In addition, recombination with a device having another function can be easily performed. Therefore, even when the lift conveyor 6 at the rear end of the machine body is configured to be opened and closed, the space must be limited in the front and rear and up and down directions. Sometimes it is possible to adjust the cutter, replace it, replace the rubber (warm rubber), etc. by pulling out.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, an enlarged side view of the main part of the foliage processing unit is provided with a feed conveyor 25 that receives the crop at the transport destination of the lifting conveyor 4, and the crop is transferred from the feed conveyor 25 to the foliage cutting device 5. The dispensing plate 26 provided with the dispensing tooth 26t for delivering the leaf is configured to be rotatable, and is configured to be able to pivot and retract upward when the roller holding frame 22 of the foliage cutting device 5 is pulled out. Further, the distribution plate 26 is configured so that it can be easily attached and detached by a pin or the like. A fulcrum is provided on the delivery plate 26, and pins 26p and the like are inserted and fixed from the outside of the frame. In order to prevent the rotation, the stopper 26s is similarly configured with a pin or the like. The stopper 26s is configured not to restrict the upward rotation of the delivery plate 26, or to be able to be released even if it is restricted.

  By adopting the above configuration, the distribution plate 26 for guiding the crop reaches the inside of the foliage cutting device 5, so that it is necessary to remove the distribution plate 26 when the foliage cutting device 5 is pulled out for maintenance. However, when the delivery plate 26 is pivoted and retracted upward, the roller holding frame 22 of the foliage cutting device 5 can be pulled out for easy maintenance. Moreover, since it is a structure which can be easily attached or detached, assembly, maintenance, etc. can be similarly simplified.

Next, the sorting unit will be described with reference to FIG. 7 showing a side view of the main part and FIG.
The stationary type of foliage processing machine currently on the market is a cutting device with a blade cutting method in terms of adaptability to moisturey foliage (early harvest), and this cutting method has the following disadvantages: There is.
(1) Short and withered leaves and leaves are prone to cutting mistakes (2) If there are long roots, the roots cannot be cut

  In order to solve such a problem, a sorting unit is configured from the lift conveyor 6 and the sorting conveyor 8 that receive crops from the foliage cutting device 5 at the rear end of the machine body, and the transition from the lift conveyor 6 to the sorting conveyor 8 is in progress. In addition, a final cutting device 7 for final finishing of the crop is provided immediately before the sorting conveyor 8. A shooter 6 e is attached to the lift conveyor 6, and the spiral cut type final cutting device 7 is configured to face the start end of the left and right sorting plate 8 s of the sorting conveyor 8.

  By providing the final cutting device 7 just before the sorting conveyor as in the above-described configuration, cutting of missed cuttings and root portions that have not been removed can be made into a finished product. Furthermore, since the cropping operator such as the onion, which has not been cut, can be immediately returned to the final cutting device 7 for cutting processing, it is possible to save time and effort for subsequent processing.

  As for the foliage cutting device 5, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, respectively, an enlarged side view and a plan view of the main part, a crop escape prevention plate 31 is provided at the cutting end, and the crop is attached to the cutting end. A scraping roller 33 that acts to forcibly scrape is provided, and a baffle plate 34 made of an elastic body inclined in the traveling direction is provided near the cutting portion N. Specifically, the configuration is as follows.

The escape preventing plate 31 is in the vicinity of the cutting portion is constructed by hanging an elastic body behind the cut motor 32.
In the stalk-and-leaves cutting device 5 of the vegetable harvesting processing machine A, since the end of the wart rubber 21r is conventionally configured to end earlier than the end of the spiral 21s, if the escape prevention plate 31 is not provided, As soon as the hold is released, the crop is blown off at the end of the spiral 21s, and the posture of the crop changes due to a phenomenon such as when a plurality of crops flow continuously and pushed out by the rear crop. There was a disconnection error.
However, the shield plate 31 above escape, rollers 21a, since crops have been unconstrained warts rubber 21r at the end of 21b the state not supplied to the cut data portion such as by flicked a spiral 21s termination is suppressed, Work without cutting errors can be performed.

The take-rollers 33, in behind the Cuts data portion its rotational axis, and disposed above the outer periphery of the cut motor 3 2, arranged in a plurality of wing-like or comb side view is radially elastic Consists of the body.
With this configuration, the flipped, also forcibly take-down by rollers 33 for rotating the extruded crops W, since the feed to the cut data portion, crop W is reliably cut, In addition, the cut is cut at a substantially right angle without being cut obliquely with respect to the direction of the stem.
In addition to the above-described configuration, the scraping roller 33 may be configured in a plate shape, with a slit, or in a spiral plate shape, and may be configured to intermittently drive a belt conveyor system or a roller with few blades.

The baffle plate 34, in the vicinity just above the cut motor 32, is arranged an elastic plate for pressing the top of the crop W a (bottom), an elastic plate for pressing the sides of the crop to the rear of the cut motor 32. The cut data portion provided at the end portion of the take-roller 33, the front-rear direction can be adjusted height H of a lower end to approximately approximately half of the crop is located in the vicinity of the cut motor 3 2 N, direction of travel The baffle plate 34 is made of an elastic material. Further, the escape prevention plate 31 made of an elastic body is disposed in front of it. The baffle plate 34 and the escape prevention plate 31 are configured so that the front-rear position and the height direction can be adjusted, respectively.

With such a configuration, or extruded during crop moves from the end of the take-roller 33 to cut motor 3 2, that is splashed is prevented. That, crops with a momentum or jumped in roller end, it is possible to prevent the passing through the cut data portion remains upright, for the cutting device composed of a cut motor 32 having an axis parallel to the conveying roller shaft A cutting error can be prevented while ensuring the advantage that there is no crop retention, and a uniform and reliable cutting operation can be performed without changing the posture of the crop.

It is an internal structure side view of a vegetable harvest processing machine. It is an expansion side view of the internal structure of a carrying-in part. It is an enlarged view of a stay part. It is the principal part side view (a) and its top view (b) of a speed control conveyor. It is a top view of the maintenance operation state of a foliage processing part. It is a principal part expanded side view in a foliage processing part. It is a principal part side view of a selection part. It is a top view of a selection part. It is a principal part enlarged side view of a foliage cutting device. It is a top view of the foliage cutting device of FIG.

1 Container rolling table (carry-in part)
2 Input hopper (carry-in part)
3 Speed control conveyor (carry-in part)
4 Raising conveyor (loading part)
5 Stalk and leaf cutting device (stem and leaf processing part)
8 sorting conveyor (sorting section)
9 Delivery conveyor (packing section)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Continuously variable drive mechanism 11r Control rod 12 Retaining part 13 Diaphragm 14 Control board (Residual amount detection means)
15 support arms 15b supporting shaft 15d adjusted link 15c linking the arm 16 operating lever 16g lever guide 16b fulcrum 16c connecting rod C container <br/> X control plate distance Y control plate distance W crops

Claims (2)

A speed control conveyor (3) capable of adjusting the speed, a staying part (12) for temporarily retaining crops conveyed by the speed control conveyor (3), and a crop temporarily retained in the staying part (12) A lifting conveyor (4)
Wherein the retention portion (12) provided with a retention amount detecting means to detect the holdup of the crop to be retained in the retention section (12),
This staying amount detecting means is constituted by a control plate (14) capable of moving up and down which is pushed up to the staying upper end position by the crops staying in the staying portion (12), and is controlled according to the up and down movement of the control plate (14). A continuously variable transmission drive mechanism (11) is provided on the governing conveyor (3),
The retention amount detecting hands in response to detection of stage tweezers speed adjustment of the speed governor conveyor (3),
The raising conveyor (4) is provided with a number of raising bodies (4a) for scraping crops, and the distance (X) between the control plate (14) and the orbital trajectory of the raising body (4a) is determined by the control plate ( 14) and the distance (Y) to the bottom of the staying part (12),
A crop conveying apparatus characterized in that a diaphragm (13) is provided at the bottom of the staying part (12) to vibrate the crop in the staying part (12). The control plate (14) is pivotally supported by a support shaft (15b) attached to the other end of the support arm (15) so that the control plate (14) can be turned up and down, and the connecting arm (15c) is integrated with the support shaft (15b). Provided,
A speed control rod (11r) for link-controlling the continuously variable transmission drive mechanism (11) is connected to the end of the connection arm (15c),
The crop conveyance according to claim 1, wherein the speed control rod (11r) is in contact with and connected to an operation arm (11h) for controlling the speed of the continuously variable transmission drive mechanism (11) by a link operation. apparatus.

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