JP4818205B2 - Low pressure sodium lamp disposal method and disposal equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a disposal method and a disposal apparatus for a low-pressure sodium lamp.

  In recent years, waste separation processing has been promoted. Disposal of discharge lamps is one of the difficult ones. Waste lamps (lighting tubes) include those containing mercury, argon, neon, halogens, etc., but these are difficult to treat uniformly. Under these circumstances, the applicant of the present application has applied for several patents for processing methods of waste lamps (Patent Documents 1, 2, etc.). However, among low-pressure lamps, in particular, low-pressure sodium lamps with metallic sodium sealed inside the arc tube (motorway / tunnel, fog and smoke, low-visibility road guidance lights, and lighting in cold places such as refrigerated warehouses) When it is crushed and discarded in a disposal site, it reacts with water such as rainwater to produce sodium hydroxide and hydrogen, and the hydrogen reacts with oxygen in the air and spontaneously ignites. And dangerous. For example, when metallic sodium is placed in a water tank, it reacts with water even at -98 ° C. to generate hydrogen. At room temperature, the sodium melts due to the reaction heat, turns into a silver ball, runs around the surface of the water, becomes sodium hydroxide and dissolves in water. Hydrogen is ignited spontaneously when the water temperature is 40 ° C or higher, or when movement is hindered and fixed in one place.

Sodium and (Na) water _(H 2 O) in the reaction formula as (of formula 1), when hydrogen _{(H 2)} and oxygen _{(O 2)} of the reaction formula (Formula Formula 2), expressed as follows It is. That is, sodium (2Na) and water (2H ₂ O) react to produce sodium hydroxide (2NaOH) and hydrogen (H ₂ ). Then, hydrogen (2H ₂ ) produced by the reaction of sodium (2Na) and water (2H ₂ O) reacts with oxygen (O ₂ ) in the air to produce water (2H ₂ O), and this hydrogen When (2H ₂ ) reacts with oxygen in the air (O ₂ ), it spontaneously ignites and is dangerous.

For this reason, in the instruction manual for the low-pressure sodium lamp, the disposal method is as follows: “When you dispose of the used lamp, be sure to prevent the risk of ignition. Shatter the lamp in an atmosphere and place it in a non-flammable container, and the operator should pour water with a rubber tube from a safe position, as sodium hydrates may splatter, such as painting nearby (for example, Do not leave the car). After a few minutes, the sodium will be harmless. "
JP 2006-212497 A JP 2006-102653 A

  However, the disposal method of spraying tap water with a hose as described above has the inconvenience that the disposal method is not fixed, the efficiency of the treatment is not bad, and the treatment cannot be performed indoors. is doing. In addition, the treatment method has a strong alkaline content, and leaving it as it is has a problem of polluting the environment (soil contamination).

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a disposal method and a disposal apparatus for a used low-pressure sodium lamp which can be safely and efficiently treated indoors and the like and are free from environmental pollution.

The disposal method of the low-pressure sodium lamp according to the present invention comprises crushing a low-pressure sodium lamp to be disposed of by a crushing device so as not to cause air accumulation , and the crushing piece is placed in a slanting downward direction. It is characterized by hydrolyzing sodium adhering to the crushed pieces by being supplied to a water tank for decomposition and being submerged. Disposal apparatus for low-pressure sodium lamp according to the present invention, a crushing device for crushing the low pressure sodium lamp disposal target, sodium for hydrolyzing hydrolyzable adhering to fragments of fragments in precipitation metastate The crushing device is crushed so as not to generate an air reservoir and becomes a crushed piece, and is supplied to the water tank for hydrolysis from the discharge path of the crushing device arranged obliquely downward, and the crushed piece It is characterized in that sodium adhering to is hydrolyzed.

In the present invention, a low-pressure sodium lamp of waste processed, (the plate) planarly in rotary blade is Ri air reservoir disposed in the crusher so as not to cause disruption to the fragments, the fragments the sodium adhering to the fragments by submerging supplied to a water tank for hydrolysis disposed obliquely downward direction by hydrolyzing is preferred. Hydrogen reservoir maltodextrin in Ri air reservoir, the hydrogen and the oxygen in the air there is a high possibility that fire in response. Although metallic sodium is or attached to the electrode or attached to the glass tube, wherein at sinking the debris as it is water tank bottom If you put in a water bath, sodium component, when its specific gravity is reacted with somewhat less water than water It dissolves in water, separates from glass pieces, etc., and tries to float on the water surface. On the other hand, hydrogen metal sodium is produced by the reaction with water without even circle reservoir to Ri air reservoir, since the specific gravity of hydrogen is extremely smaller than that of water, each time the production of hydrogen by the reaction of metallic sodium and water, a small It becomes bubbles and disperses and floats on the surface of the water, so that the possibility that hydrogen reacts with oxygen is reduced and ignition is suppressed.

The present invention, the perform the hydrolysis by submerging the fragments in mesh containers disposed in the water tank for hydrolysis, then eject the said mesh container from the water bath for the hydrolysis, the following The crushed pieces are washed in water by submerging in a water tank for washing .

According to the present invention, only the water in the aquarium in which immersion has been performed can be replaced.

The present invention, during the hydrolysis, the mesh Interview container disposed in the water tank for the hydrolysis is preferably upper is a position slightly protruding from the water surface of the mesh container, further the upper portion of the mesh of the mesh vessel preferably has a fine mesh to the extent that it is difficult to pass through the sodium component. Accordingly, sodium metal component undecomposed floating on the water surface, there is no fear of splashing outside the mesh container.

The present invention is a water tank for the washing is more Sohai, the aquarium for neutralization therein is neutralized arranged are preferred.

According to the present invention, even when immersed in the water tank for washing, the fragments are still in a state where PH (hydrogen ion concentration) is offset, such as high alkalinity. May be contaminated. According to the present invention, since the water tank for the neutralization treatment is arranged, when the mesh container taken out from the water tank for washing is put, the alkalinity etc. of the crushed pieces are neutralized and reclaimed at the landfill site or the like However, problems such as soil contamination and environmental pollution are eliminated. Moreover, if the metal parts such as electrodes are removed from the crushed pieces, the glass can be recycled.

According to the present invention , it is washed with water after the hydrolysis , and also washed with water after the neutralization treatment, so there is no need to use a large amount of a neutralizing agent, etc. Therefore, even if discarded, there is no concern about environmental pollution such as soil contamination.

  As the disposal device for the low-pressure sodium lamp of the present invention, it is preferable that an injection device for injecting water onto the water surface of the water tank is disposed. According to the present invention, even if a situation occurs in which hydrogen and oxygen in the air react and ignite on the water surface of the aquarium, it is a small matter of ignition, but water is jetted on the water surface. Even if an ignition occurs, it is extinguished immediately.

Disposal device of the low-pressure sodium lamp of the present invention includes a mesh container for containing the fragments, and chain drive mechanism for transporting hanging the mesh container equipped, arranged in the water tank for the hydrolysis wherein the pressurized water decomposition by submerging the crushed pieces into mesh containers are made, then the mesh container is Eject from the water bath for the pressurized water solutions by the chain drive mechanism, aquarium for the following wash were the crushed pieces are characterized by being washed with water by being immersed in.

According to the present invention, the by mesh containers are fed in sequence a plurality of aquarium suspended by the chain drive mechanism, together with efficient disposal is Ru performed by assembly line in the room, hung by the mesh container in a state swings, so that the individual the crushed pieces are immersed in water.

According to the present invention, even in a low-pressure sodium lamp which may be explosive by way of disposal, by crushing by crusher so that air pockets do not occur and fragments, distribution of the broken debris obliquely downward By supplying to the water tank for hydrolysis and sinking, it is possible to prevent an explosion by hydrolyzing sodium adhering to the crushed pieces, enabling safe disposal and landfilling. Even if it is not processed at a disposal site or the like, it can be processed efficiently by flow work indoors. Also, the performs the hydrolysis by the submerging the crushed pieces into mesh containers disposed in the water tank for hydrolysis, then eject the said mesh container from the water bath for the hydrolysis, the next wash by submerged in a water bath of use to rinse the debris, raising the mesh container from the water bath, it is possible to directly discard the decomposition solution during the immersion, further neutralization of the mesh vessel was pulled If it is neutralized with a water tank, it can be disposed without causing environmental pollution when disposed at a landfill site or the like.

  Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a side view of a low-pressure sodium lamp disposal apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view from the front side of the apparatus. The low-pressure sodium lamp disposal apparatus 1 according to the present invention includes a carry-in conveyor Hc for carrying used low-pressure sodium lamps, a crushing device H for crushing low-pressure sodium lamps, and water tanks B1 to B4. Is arranged on the base 2, and the water tanks B <b> 1 to B <b> 4 are arranged inside the outer frame 3 adjacent to the crushing device H.

  The crushing device H includes an inclined slope Hs continuously arranged from the carry-in conveyor Hc, an axial crusher Hk, and a discharge path Hz for discharging crushed glass pieces and the like. The shaft-type crusher Hk has two driving blades K1 and a driven blade K2 arranged obliquely and crushes the low-pressure sodium lamp R fed through the inclined slope Hs in an inclined state. The drive-side rotary blade K1 is connected and driven via a motor Hm and a drive belt Hb.

  The discharge path Hz is arranged obliquely downward, and the front end side of the discharge path Hz is attached to be extendable by an air cylinder Ha that performs an expansion / contraction operation. For this reason, if the front end side of the discharge path Hz is extended via the air cylinder Ha, the crushed pieces can be discharged toward the mesh container M. If the front end side of the discharge path Hz is returned by the air cylinder Ha, It is possible to prevent the discharge path Hz from interfering with the lifting of the mesh container M on the mesh container M. Note that a ventilation device such as a ventilation fan is provided at a position after crushing of the crushing device H so that ventilation is sufficiently performed.

The water tanks B1 to B4 are made of stainless steel, and a plurality of tanks are arranged in the outer frame 3. The first water tank B1 is a water tank for hydrolysis , water is put in, the second water tank B2 is a water tank for washing the immersed fragments, and the third water tank B3 is a neutralization treatment. The fourth water tank B4 is a water tank for washing with water. Inside the outer frame 3, an injection device F that injects water onto the water surface of the water tank B1 is provided. The injection device F is used to extinguish fire when hydrogen generated by the chemical reaction between sodium floating on the surface of the water and oxygen in the air reacts with oxygen in the air, and is a submerged mesh. A plurality are arranged so as to spread over the water surface in the container M. As for 3rd water tank B3, the neutralizing agent is put into water. In the present embodiment, dilute sulfuric acid is added to neutralize the alkaline component. In addition, it is also possible to arrange | position the injection apparatus F in the position of the 2nd-3rd water tank, and to make a water surface ripple.

The mesh container M is a container in which crushed pieces are placed and sequentially put into the water tanks B1 to B4, and the container is constituted by a mesh fabric having a predetermined size. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 (a) (b), the upper side of the mesh vessel M has a double structure of the mesh, this double mesh portion Mb, rather than first-level mesh Ma It is a fine mesh. This is because the hydrogen generated by the chemical reaction of sodium with water on the water surface of the immersion water tank B1 may react with oxygen in the air and ignite, but the damage caused by this ignition is more than that of the mesh container M. This is to prevent it from spreading outside. The first mesh M1 uses a relatively large mesh because it is necessary to sufficiently put water inside the mesh container M.

  The mesh container M is suspended by the chain drive mechanism T and moves or moves up and down (FIGS. 1 and 2). The chains Tc face each other in an endless manner inside the outer frame 3. That is, a chain Tc is attached to a sprocket Tp that is rotatably attached to the inside of an outer frame 3 of a device in which a plurality of water tanks B1 to B4 are arranged, and a bar member (a member for lowering) 4 that is hooked on the chain Tc. The mesh container M is suspended from the bar (lowering member) 4. The position of the sprocket Tp is arranged not only in the horizontal direction but also in the vertical direction so that the mesh container M moves up and down. Therefore, at the positions of the respective water tanks B1 to B4, the mesh container M is submerged or pulled up in the water tanks B1 and B4, and is conveyed so as to cross the plurality of water tanks B1 to B4 in order. The chain drive mechanism T is configured to return to the position of the immersion water tank B1 in an empty state after being discarded into the discharge container (drum can) 5. A suspension wire is attached to the mesh container M, and this wire is attached to the pulling member 4 that is suspended from the chain Tc. For this reason, the mesh container M can also be tilted obliquely, and when it is discharged to the discharge container (drum can) 5, the mesh container M is inclined and easily placed in the discharge container (drum can) 5.

  Although not shown, a ventilation device such as a ventilation fan is provided at a predetermined location. In particular, a ventilation fan is attached to each of the crushing device H and the first water tank B1 so that ventilation is sufficiently performed.

  Next, a waste lamp disposal method using the above apparatus will be described. FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the waste lamp disposal method according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the low-pressure sodium lamp R includes an inner arc tube (inner tube glass) D1 and an outer outer bulb (outer tube glass) D2, and an arc tube (inner tube glass) D1. A base Rk is attached to the base side of the base, and an electrode Rd is attached to the mount Rm on the opposite side of the base Rk. The arc tube D1 is substantially U-shaped, and dimples d are provided at a predetermined interval. Only a small part of sodium exists as vapor in the pipe, and most of it is attached to the dimple d. Sodium is also attached to the electrode Rd.

First, after removing the base Rk of the low-pressure sodium lamp R and removing the outer bulb (outer tube glass) D2 ( STEP 1 in FIG. 4), the arc tube (inner tube glass) D1 is disposed of as a waste lamp disposal device. When arranged so as to be arranged at a predetermined interval on one carry-in conveyor Hc, the low-pressure sodium lamp R conveyed by the carry-in conveyor Hc is inclined on the inclined slope Hs, applied to the crusher Hk, and crushed to a predetermined size. (STEP 2: crushing step ). As shown in FIG. 5, the low-pressure sodium lamp R has a lamp shape (bar shape), and thus the two rotary blades K <b> 1 and K <b> 2 are sequentially crushed in the longitudinal direction. Thus, crushed into a plate (planar), the arc-shaped portion, such as an air reservoir Mari occurs is crushed without. When crushed, it is sent to the oblique discharge path Hz as it is, and crushed pieces are put from the tip of the discharge path Hz toward the mesh container M. When the front end side of the discharge path Hz is extended by the air cylinder Ha that performs an expansion / contraction operation, the discharge path Hz discharges the crushed pieces toward the mesh container M, and after discharge, the front end side of the discharge path Hz is reduced. . The outer tube bulb (outer tube glass) D2 is crushed and then placed in a drum can and discarded at a landfill site (STEP 8). It is also possible to provide two rotary blades K1 and K2 corresponding to the U-shaped arc tube (inner tube glass) D1, and crush them.

  Here, it is desirable that the water injection by the injection device F is performed from the time of supplying the crushed pieces to the mesh container M. This is because the generation of smoke generated during crushing can be suppressed. It is desirable to perform ventilation with a ventilation fan while the fan is turned on in advance.

Next, in the hydrolysis treatment (STEP 3), the fragments of the low-pressure sodium lamp R are supplied to the water tank B1 and submerged. Metal sodium adheres to the arc tube (inner tube glass) D1 or adheres to the electrode Rd, but if the crushed pieces are put into the water tank B1, they will sink to the bottom of the water tank B1. When the crushed pieces are submerged in the water tank B1, sodium is easily dissolved in water. Therefore, the crushed pieces are separated from the glass pieces and try to float on the water surface. When the fragments are crushed in a plate shape, is reservoir circle that no hydrogen Ri air reservoir, hydrogen each time the production of hydrogen by the reaction of sodium with water, emerges on the surface of the water and dispersed become small bubbles . For this reason, possibility that hydrogen will react with oxygen becomes low and ignition is suppressed.

  Here, the mesh container M may be disposed so as to be submerged in the bottom of the water tank B1, but as shown in FIG. 2, it is preferable that the mesh container M be suspended at a predetermined height. That is, it is preferable that the double mesh portion Mb of the mesh container M is suspended in a state where the mesh container M protrudes from the water surface. This is because, even when ignited on the surface of the water, it is possible to prevent the ignition from spreading out of the container M with the fine mesh Ma. In addition, the ignition on the water surface is small (not an explosion), and is immediately extinguished by water in the water tank B1 or injection by the injection device F.

  As described above, in the disposal method of the low-pressure sodium lamp of the present embodiment, after the low-pressure sodium lamp R is crushed and then placed in the water tank B1 so as to be actively brought into contact with a large amount of water, it explodes. There is no danger. The ignition is such that ignition (small ignition) occurs at the surface of the floating water surface. This is considered to be one of the causes of being cooled when submerged in a large amount of water, and does not cause ignition or explosion considering the reaction with water. The deeper the water tank B1 is, the better, in order to release a small amount of hydrogen as small bubbles each time while the sodium chemically reacts with water, and to float on the water surface.

The mesh container M1 that has been subjected to the hydrolysis treatment (STEP 3) is then fed into the second water tank B2 by the chain drive mechanism T, and the fragments of the low-pressure sodium lamp are washed with water (STEP 4). Here, simultaneously with this operation, the mesh container M2 in the second water tank B2 is sequentially sent to the third water tank B3, and the mesh container M3 in the third water tank B3 is sequentially sent to the fourth water tank B4. . That is, it is sent to the next water tank in order by the flow work. Mesh container M hydrolysis process (STEP3) is finished, after being washed in the second water tank B2, by which to be transferred to the third water tank B3, be immersed in a water bath B1 for hydrolysis fragments Although the alkalinity is still high, the pH is offset, but the alkalinity of the crushed pieces is neutralized by placing the mesh container M1 in the third water tank B3 containing dilute sulfuric acid (STEP 5). . Thereafter, the water is washed in the fourth water tank B4 and taken out (STEP 6). Therefore, there is no problem that the environment such as soil contamination is contaminated even when landfilled at a landfill site. Moreover, although only the 1st water tank B1 in which immersion was performed, and the 3rd water tank B3 into which the neutralizing agent was put can be replaced | exchanged or water can be replaced, this is effective neutralizer. Can be used. The water in the fourth water tank B4 can be returned to the third water tank B3, the water in the third water tank B3 can be returned to the second water tank B2, and the water in the second water tank B2 is Since the water tank B1 can be returned to the first water tank B1, it is not necessary to frequently exchange a large amount of water, and the water can be saved. In addition, when putting a neutralizer, the apparatus which stirs this is not arranged. This is because the mesh container M is conveyed and moved up and down by the chain drive mechanism T, and the water in the water tank is shaken and moved by the shaking (oscillation) at this time. This rocking will cause it to water spans the entire fragments.

  The crushed pieces that have been washed with water by the fourth water tank B4 can be moved by making the mesh container M1 oblique at the position of the disposal container (drum tube) 5 (STEP 7). The shredded pieces placed in the drum tube 5 are discarded in a landfill site or the like after separation of glass and metal such as the electrode Rd (STEP 8). It is also possible to recycle only glass.

(Example)
The low-pressure sodium lamp R was processed by the method according to the embodiment of the present invention with about 20 units as one unit. The amount of water in each of the four water tanks B1 to B4 is 100L. In the first water tank B1, the pH was 10.0 to 13.0 or more, but in the second water tank B2, the pH became 8.0 to 10.0, and the third water tank B3 for neutralization. Then, PH became about 7.6. In addition, PH was 7.6 also in the 4th water tank B4 after that. Therefore, there is no problem even if it is disposed of in a landfill site.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, from the viewpoint of preventing the risk of explosion, the low-pressure sodium lamp disposal method and disposal device in which metal sodium is sealed inside the arc tube has been described. From the point of processing, it can be applied to disposal of high-pressure sodium lamps, mercury lamps, halogen lamps and the like.

It is sectional drawing by the side surface of one embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the front side of the said one Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows a mesh container. It is a flowchart of the disposal processing method of the low pressure sodium lamp of the present invention. It is a side view of a low pressure sodium lamp.

Explanation of symbols

1 Waste treatment equipment for low-pressure sodium lamps,
3 Outer frame of the device,
4 Bar material (member for pulling down),
5 discharge container (drum can),
B1-B4 aquarium,
B1 water tank for hydrolysis (first water tank),
B3 water tank for neutralization treatment (third water tank),
F injection device,
M, M1-M4 mesh container,
T chain drive mechanism,
Tc chain,
Tp sprocket,
H crusher ,
Hc carry-in conveyor,
Ha air cylinder,
Hs slope slope,
Hk crusher,
Hz discharge path,
R low pressure sodium lamp,
d dimple

Claims (7)

The low-pressure sodium lamp to be disposed of is crushed by a crushing device so as not to cause air accumulation, and is crushed by supplying the crushed pieces to a hydrolysis water tank disposed obliquely below and submerging them. A method for disposing of a low-pressure sodium lamp, wherein the sodium adhering to the piece is hydrolyzed . The low-pressure sodium lamp to be disposed of is flatly crushed with a rotary blade arranged in a crushing device so as not to cause air accumulation to be crushed pieces, and the crushed pieces are disposed obliquely below for hydrolysis . A method of disposing of a low-pressure sodium lamp, wherein sodium attached to the crushed pieces is hydrolyzed by being supplied to a water tank and submerged. The hydro mesh container arranged in the water tank for decomposing by submerging the crushed pieces subjected to the hydrolysis, then the mesh container and Eject from the water bath for the hydrolysis, for the next wash 3. The disposal method for a low-pressure sodium lamp according to claim 1, wherein the crushed pieces are washed in water by being submerged in a water tank . A crushing device for crushing the low pressure sodium lamp disposal target, sodium adhering to the debris broken while submerged the debris and a water tank for hydrolyzing hydrolyzable, the air pocket I by the said crushing device The crushed pieces are crushed so as not to occur, and supplied to the water tank for hydrolysis from the discharge path of the crushing device arranged obliquely downward, so that sodium attached to the crushed pieces is hydrolyzed. A low-pressure sodium lamp disposal device. A crushing device for crushing the low pressure sodium lamp disposal target, sodium adhering to the debris broken while submerged the debris and a water tank for hydrolyzing hydrolyzable, by distribution have been rotary blade to the crushing device In order to prevent air accumulation, it is crushed in a plane to form crushed pieces, which are supplied to the water tank for hydrolysis from the discharge path of the crushing device arranged obliquely downward, and the sodium attached to the crushed pieces is hydrolyzed. A disposal apparatus for a low-pressure sodium lamp, characterized by being disassembled . Mesh container for containing the fragments, and chain drive mechanism for transporting hanging the mesh container equipped, by submerging the fragments in the mesh vessel disposed in the water tank for the hydrolysis the hydrolysis is carried out, then, the chain drive mechanism thus the mesh container is Eject from the water bath for the hydrolysis, that the fragments by being submerged in a water tank for the next washing is rinsed 6. The disposal apparatus for a low-pressure sodium lamp according to claim 4 or 5 . The low pressure according to claim 6 , wherein, in the hydrolysis, the mesh container disposed in the hydrolysis water tank is positioned so that an upper portion of the mesh container slightly protrudes from a water surface. Sodium lamp disposal equipment.

Images