JP6586866B2 - Mobile crane - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a mobile crane provided with a guard member in which an engine and auxiliary equipment related to the engine are stored.

  A mobile crane represented by a crawler crane or the like includes an upper swing body having a cab or the like on which a crane operator enters, and a lower travel body that supports the upper swing body from the lower side so that the upper swing body can turn freely and that travels. I have. On the upper swing body, a long boom for hanging a hook device used for hanging various loads (crane work) via a hanging rope and a winch for winding the hanging rope are provided. Yes.

  The upper swing body of a mobile crane that performs such crane work has a drive unit that operates the functions of the mobile crane (crawler travel, winch drive, boom undulation, upper swing body swing operation, etc.). Has been deployed. Note that examples of the drive unit include not only the engine but also auxiliary devices such as a winch, a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic motor, a control valve, a cooling device, and a hydraulic oil tank. These drive units such as engines may be stored in a guard member (engine guard) in an integrated manner or in a state where a part of them is combined. Moreover, the drive part may have each apparatus separately stored in the guard member. Note that some of the drive units that can be arranged outside may not be stored in the guard member.

  Since a drive unit such as an engine needs to perform maintenance work such as inspection and maintenance on a regular basis, it is preferable that a fixed work area, that is, a maintenance area is provided in the mobile crane. Moreover, it is good for the outer wall of a guard member to be provided with the door part opened when performing maintenance work. Examples of the door part include a door made of a single door and two doors made of a double door.

As means for opening and closing these door portions, for example, there is one disclosed in Patent Document 1.
Patent Document 1 discloses a vehicle body on which an engine is mounted, a boom that can be moved up and down on the vehicle body, an engine cover that can be opened and closed on the vehicle body in order to check the engine, and an upper side of the engine cover. In a hydraulic crane comprising a rope winch that is positioned and provided on the vehicle body and performs winding and unwinding of a rope for lifting work, the vehicle body has an operation that positions the rope winch above the engine cover. A hydraulic crane is disclosed in which a winch support mechanism is provided that supports the position so as to be movable in the horizontal direction between the position and the retreat position retracted from the upper side of the engine cover to the left and right sides.

JP 2001-187690 A

  The crane described in Patent Document 1 is a small crane, and includes a building cover above the engine cover, and a winch is provided above the building cover. In this state, the building cover cannot be opened to perform maintenance work such as inspection and maintenance of the internal engine. Therefore, in this document, after the winch is moved from above the building cover to another position (position facing the cab across the boom), the engine cover attached to the building cover via the hinge mechanism is mounted on the hinge. The mechanism can be opened and closed vertically.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5 of this specification (FIG. 8 of JP-A-2006-219240) and FIG. 6 of this specification (FIG. 8 of JP-A-2014-114137), When the mast member 10 is stored, the mast member 10 is stored lying on the upper part of the guard member so that the mast member 10 comes close to the winch 6 disposed in the frame member 21. In view of this situation, it can be seen that maintenance of the drive unit and the like is difficult to perform. In addition, if a door portion of a mechanism that opens upward (for example, the one-side opening mechanism of Patent Document 1) is installed on the upper portion of the guard member, the door portion may interfere with the mast member.

Moreover, the inside of the frame member 21 is narrow, and a sufficient maintenance area cannot be secured.
Further, since the mast member 10 stored so as to lie down is a large member, it cannot be moved (retracted) to another position as in Patent Document 1.
From the above, it can be seen that in order to perform maintenance of the drive unit and the like, it is necessary to ensure a maintenance area for the operator to perform maintenance work on the side of the drive unit (engine). Further, since the mast member lies on the upper side of the guard member and is stored, the door provided on the upper side of the guard member needs to be able to easily enter the maintenance area.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the mobile crane by which the guard member by which the maintenance area was fully ensured was provided in view of the said problem.

In order to achieve the above-described object, the present invention takes the following technical means.
The mobile crane according to the present invention is a mobile crane in which a drive unit and a boom are arranged on an upper swing body, and a maintenance area is provided on a side of the drive unit, and the drive unit and the maintenance area are arranged. A guard member that covers the surrounding region so as to cover from above is provided on the upper swing body.

Preferably, the guard member is disposed so as to be sandwiched from the left and right sides by a frame member constituting the upper swing body, and a door portion capable of entering the maintenance area is provided on an upper portion of the guard member. Should be deployed.
Preferably, the mast member used when raising and lowering the boom is configured to be collapsed and stored above the guard member during storage, and the door portion includes the mast member and an upper portion of the guard member. It is good to set it as the sliding door which can move to the direction which faces horizontally.

  Preferably, the drive unit includes an engine, and the guard member is an engine guard that covers the engine.

  According to the present invention, by providing the guard member with the door portion that can be opened and closed without interfering with the mast member stored so as to lie upward, the operator can easily enter the maintenance area.

It is the figure which showed the outline of the mobile crane typically. It is the top view which showed typically the outline at the time of storage and conveyance of the mobile crane concerning this invention, and is the figure which showed the state by which the mast was mounted in the substantially horizontal direction. It is a top view which shows typically the structure of the guard member with which the mobile crane in this embodiment was equipped, and is a figure which shows the state by which the door part was closed. It is a top view which shows typically the structure of the guard member with which the mobile crane in this embodiment was equipped, and is a figure which shows the state by which the door part was opened. It is AA sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the guard member with which the mobile crane in this embodiment was equipped. It is a side view showing composition at the time of a state where a mast member was stored above a guard member (prior art). It is a top view which shows a structure when the mast member is stored above the guard member (prior art).

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the present embodiment, a crawler crane is taken as an example of the mobile crane 1 and will be described with reference to the drawings.
A basic configuration of the crawler crane 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a crawler crane 1 (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as a crane) supports an upper swing body 3 and an upper swing body 3 from below so that the upper swing body 3 can swing freely and travels downward. And a body 2. In addition, a boom 5 for suspending the hook device 9 via a suspension rope 8 is provided in front of the center of the upper swing body 3 in the width direction.
In the present specification, the upper swing body at a position where the traveling direction of the lower travel body 2 and the axial length direction of the boom 5 provided on the upper swing body 3 coincide, that is, the reference position (home position) of the crawler crane 1. 3, the boom 5 and the cab 4 arranged so as to extend from 3 are the front side of the crawler crane 1, and the counterweight 7 side mounted on the upper swing body 3 is the rear side of the crawler crane 1. Further, one side in the width direction of the upper swing body 3 is the right direction of the crawler crane 1, and the other side in the width direction of the upper swing body 3 is the left direction of the crawler crane 1. This coincides with the direction seen from the operator who has boarded the cab 4.

  The lower traveling body 2 of the crane 1 is provided with endless tracks (crawlers 2a) formed by forming a metal strip in an annular shape at both ends in the left-right direction, and can be traveled on the ground by the crawlers 2a. At the center upper part of the lower traveling body 2, there is mounted a turning means (not shown) for supporting the upper turning body 3 from below so as to turn and turning the upper turning body 3 about the vertical axis. .

The upper swing body 3 is a plate-like frame body that is made of steel and has a length in the front-rear direction that is longer than a width in the left-right direction. One counterweight 7 is provided on each of the left and right sides of the rear portion of the upper swing body 3.
On the other hand, a boom 5 that can be raised and lowered is arranged on the front side in the center of the upper swing body 3 in the width direction. A hook device 9 for suspending a suspended load is suspended from the tip of the boom 5 via a suspension rope 8. Further, a hoisting rope 11 is hung around the tip of the boom 5.

A plurality of winches 6 are mounted behind the boom 5 inside the upper swing body 3 which is a frame so as to be aligned in the front-rear direction. These winches 6 wind up and unwind the suspension rope 8 to raise and lower the hook device 9.
In addition, a mast member 10 that is used when the boom 5 is raised and lowered is provided on the upper part of the upper swing body 3. When the mast member 10 is stored in the upper part of the upper swing body 3, the mast member 10 is tilted so as to face in the horizontal direction. That is, the mast member 10 is configured to fall and be stored above the engine guard 12 (details will be described later) during storage. A hoisting rope 11 is hung on the mast member 10.

The boom 5 is raised and lowered by the winding and unwinding operation of the hoisting rope 11 by the winch 6 provided on the upper swing body 3 via the mast member 10.
Further, a cab 4 (operating room) in which an operation unit for operating the boom 5 is installed is mounted in front of one side (right side) in the width direction of the upper swing body 3. Further, behind the winch 6 (slightly behind the midway part in the front-rear direction of the upper swing body 3), a guard member 12 that houses a drive unit such as the engine 13 or an accessory device 14 related to the engine 13 is disposed.

The cab 4 is a casing having a space inside, and an operation portion for operating a seat and a crane is provided in the interior, and a passenger door (door) on which an operator can board is provided on the right side surface. ing. An operator seated on the seat inside the cab 4 operates the crane by operating the operation unit.
The drive unit operates the functions of the mobile crane 1 (travel of the crawler 2a, drive of the winch 6, undulation of the boom 5, etc.). The drive unit includes not only the engine 13 but also an auxiliary device 14 such as a cooling device, a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic motor, a control valve, and a hydraulic oil tank 18.

  The engine 13 is a main component that operates the function of the mobile crane 1. The engine 13 is driven by driving the hydraulic motor to drive the crawler 2 a of the lower traveling body 2, and the hydraulic motor of the winch 6 is driven. By operating, the winch 6 is driven to wind and unwind the hanging rope 8, and the hook device 9 is lifted and lowered. The engine 13 generates electric power or stores electric power and operates control devices such as valves, air conditioners, display monitor operation screens, and various sensors.

  In the vicinity of the engine 13, an auxiliary device 14 related to the engine 13 such as a radiator 16 that cools the refrigerant after cooling the engine 13 and a fan 15 that blows cooling air (air) taken from the outside to the radiator 16 is arranged. Has been. Further, in the vicinity of the engine 13, an auxiliary device 14 such as a fuel tank for storing the fuel of the engine 13 and supplying the fuel to the engine 13 and a fuel filter 24 may be provided.

  The guard member 12 is disposed at the center of the upper swing body 3 surrounded by the frame member 21, the counter weight 7, the hydraulic oil tank 18, the winch 6, and the muffler 19 constituting the upper swing body 3. In the present embodiment, since the self-removing device 20 is disposed behind the upper swing body 3, the guard member 12 is disposed at the center of the upper swing body 3. Further, the front-rear direction and the left-right direction of the guard member 12 coincide with the front-rear direction and the left-right direction of the crawler crane 1.

The guard member 12 has a space inside, and stores all or a part of a drive unit such as an engine separately or in combination. Note that some of the drive units that can be arranged outside may not be stored in the guard member.
In the present embodiment, the guard member 12, that is, the engine room 17 stores a part of the drive unit, the engine 13, and the auxiliary equipment 14 (the radiator 16, the fan 15, etc.) related to the engine 13. They are arranged in order from top to bottom (see FIG. 4). In addition, an intake portion (not shown) that sucks cooling air into the guard member 12 is provided on the rear side wall of the guard member 12.

In the present embodiment, a hydraulic oil tank 18 is disposed adjacent to the right side of the guard member 12. That is, the guard member 12 and the hydraulic oil tank 18 are arranged so as to be aligned in the left-right direction (see FIGS. 3A and 3B).
The hydraulic oil tank 18 is disposed adjacent to the right side at a predetermined distance from the guard member 12 in plan view. The hydraulic oil tank 18 stores hydraulic oil for operating a number of hydraulic devices, and is connected to a control valve (main valve) via a hydraulic pipe (not shown). When the main valve is operated, the supply destination of the hydraulic oil is changed, a number of hydraulic devices are operated, the posture of the boom 5 is changed, and the crane work (such as hanging the hook device 9) is performed.

In order to maintain the performance of the engine 13 stored in the guard member 12 and the accessory device 14 related to the engine 13, that is, the drive unit, maintenance work is periodically performed. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, a maintenance area 22 is provided between the engine 13 and the hydraulic oil tank 18, that is, on the side of the engine 13.
This maintenance area 22 is a limited area because large equipment such as the engine 13 and the hydraulic oil tank 18 and members constituting the crane 1 such as the frame member 21 are densely arranged in the vicinity thereof. In the maintenance area 22, which is a limited area, it is necessary to ensure the limited area in order to make it easier for the operator to perform the maintenance work.

In the present embodiment, the maintenance area 22 is provided on the side of the engine 13 and is surrounded by the guard member 12.
That is, the guard member 12 of the present embodiment covers the region surrounding the engine 13 and the maintenance area 22 from above, and is sandwiched from the left and right sides by the frame member 21 constituting the upper swing body 3. Has been deployed. The guard member 12 is a convex cover body in which a midway portion in the front-rear direction of the right side wall projects rightward in a plan view.

The midway portion in the front-rear direction of the right side wall of the guard member 12 and the left side wall of the hydraulic oil tank 18 may be a single wall surface. By integrating the two side walls in this way, a wide maintenance space can be secured. In addition, a midway portion in the front-rear direction of the right side wall of the guard member 12 may be adjacent to the left side wall of the hydraulic oil tank 18 almost without any interval.
As described above, the maintenance area 22 is reliably secured by being surrounded by the guard member 12. Further, by enclosing the maintenance area 22 with the guard member 12 in this way, the inside of the engine room 17 becomes wider than the conventional one, and the ventilation resistance in the engine room 17 becomes small. Therefore, the engine 13 can be effectively cooled.

  In the present embodiment, a door portion 23 is provided above the guard member 12 (housing portion) so that the inside and outside of the guard member 12 can communicate with each other, that is, an operator can enter the maintenance area 22. And since there is no height between the stored mast member 10 and the upper part of the guard member 12, the door part 23 has employ | adopted the sliding door (sliding door). The slide door 23 is movable between the mast member 10 stored in a substantially horizontal direction and the upper surface of the guard member 12 in a direction facing the horizontal.

As shown in FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B, the door portion 23 is arranged on the upper part of the convex shape of the guard member 12 (above the maintenance area 22), and in the left and right direction facing the horizontal of the guard member 12 at the convex portion. It is supposed to slide.
The door portion 23 is closed to cover the convex portion on the upper portion of the guard member 12 and is closed, and is moved substantially horizontally to the center of the upper portion of the guard member 12 to open above the maintenance area 22. It is the structure which makes it an open state.

In addition, although the door part 23 concerning this embodiment is made into the sliding door like a sliding door, since this sliding door is comprised based on those skilled in the art, there is no limitation in particular about this structure and shape. do not do. Moreover, the opening / closing direction of the door part 23 may be any direction as long as it is a horizontal direction.
As described above, the guard member 12 according to the present invention surrounds the engine 13 and the auxiliary device 14 related to the engine 13 such as the radiator 16 and the maintenance area 22 secured on the side of the engine 13 so as to cover from above, and turns upward. Deployed on the body 3. That is, the guard member 12 collectively covers the engine 13, the auxiliary device 14, and the maintenance area 22, and a space covering them covers the engine room 17.

The guard member 12 is a case body in which one side wall (side wall on the hydraulic oil tank 18 side) has a convex shape in a plan view, and the convex portion is an area surrounding the maintenance area 22. is there. In addition, a slide door (door portion 23) is provided at an upper portion of the guard member 12 and corresponding to the convex shape.
The sliding door 23 constitutes the upper swing body 3 and moves from one side to the other side of the frame member 21 arranged so as to be sandwiched from the left and right sides in the vicinity of the engine 13 or the like. It moves toward the opposite direction (inner side) from the convex portion to open the maintenance area 22. For example, the slide door 23 moves away from the hydraulic oil tank 18 and moves above the engine 13 to open the maintenance area 22.

  In this way, the maintenance area 22 provided on the side of the engine 13 is securely surrounded by the guard member 12, and the opening is sized so that an operator can enter and can be easily opened and closed in the horizontal direction. Even when the mast member 10 is lowered and stored in the vicinity of the guard member 12 by arranging a sliding door (door portion 23) that can be operated on the upper portion of the guard member 12, the maintenance area 22 The upper part can be completely opened, so that an operator can easily enter the maintenance area 22 and the maintenance work of the engine 13 and the like can be smoothly performed in the maintenance area 22 having a sufficiently large space.

Further, by setting the door portion 23 as a slide door 23 that allows an operator to enter the maintenance area 22, the operator can perform maintenance work on the engine 13 and the like in an unreasonable posture such as a state where the worker is folded over the guard member 12. You don't have to do it.
The right side wall of the guard member 12 in the maintenance area 22 is connected to the auxiliary equipment (ancillary equipment 14) of the engine 13 that requires maintenance such as the fuel filter 24 and the reservoir tank 25 for the refrigerant (cooling water) for the radiator. Since it can be concentrated and installed on the (left wall surface of the hydraulic oil tank 18), maintenance work can be performed at one place in the maintenance area 22.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the crane 1 can be operated with the door portion 23 on the upper side of the guard member 12 open, so that it is a countermeasure against overheating of the engine 13.
Each embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive.
In particular, in each embodiment disclosed this time, matters that are not explicitly disclosed, for example, operating conditions and operating conditions, various parameters, dimensions, weights, volumes, etc. of the constituents are within the range normally practiced by those skilled in the art. It does not deviate and employs a value that can be easily assumed by those skilled in the art.

For example, the door portion 23 is structured to be supported at four points, and among the four-point supports, two points are made to be rotatable wheel structures, and the other two points are made to be a slide support structure made of an elastic body. Also good. With this structure, when an operator gets on the upper surface of the door portion 23, it is possible to prevent the sliding door portion 23 from moving suddenly and causing the operator to slip and fall.
Moreover, the door part 23 may be supported by the concave frame provided in the upper part of the guard member 12, and may move on the concave frame. It is preferable that the concave frame plays a role of rain when the guard member 12 rains. Moreover, it is preferable that the rolling surface of the wheel and the elastic body be lifted from the bottom surface of the concave frame to play a role of preventing biting due to dust or rust.

Further, the sliding door 23 may be a mechanism such as an accordion curtain. If there is a certain amount of space between the guard member 12 and the hydraulic oil tank 18, a sliding door 23 may be provided on the side wall of the guard member 12.
In the description of the present invention, the crawler crane 1 has been described as an example. However, the technology of the present invention can be applied to a construction machine provided with a guard member that covers a drive unit such as an engine.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mobile crane 2 Lower traveling body 2a Crawler 3 Upper revolving body 4 Cab 5 Boom 6 Winch 7 Counterweight 8 Hanging rope 9 Hook device 10 Mast member 11 Hoisting rope 12 Guard member 13 Engine 14 Ancillary equipment 15 Fan 16 Radiator 17 Engine room 18 Hydraulic oil tank 19 Muffler 20 Self-removing device 21 Frame member 22 Maintenance area 23 Door 24 Fuel filter 25 Reservoir tank

Claims (3)

In the mobile crane where the drive unit and boom are deployed on the upper swing body,
A maintenance area is provided on the side of the drive unit,
A guard member that covers an area surrounding the drive unit and the maintenance area from above is provided on the upper swing body ,
The mast member used when raising and lowering the boom is configured to fall and be stored above the guard member during storage,
The mobile crane , wherein the door portion is a slide door that is movable in a horizontal direction between the mast member and an upper portion of the guard member . The guard member is arranged so as to be sandwiched from the left and right sides by a frame member constituting the upper swing body,
The mobile crane according to claim 1, wherein a door that can enter the maintenance area is disposed on an upper portion of the guard member. The drive unit includes an engine,
The guard member is mobile crane according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is an engine guard which covers the engine.