JP6894084B2 - Table type filter press - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a table-type filter press provided with means for raising and lowering a filter plate, which is excellent in stability during filtration and synchronization during raising and lowering.

Sludge generated when treating work wastewater such as civil engineering wastewater and factory wastewater requires dehydration treatment. A filter press is known as a dehydrating device that dehydrates sludge by pressurizing and packing it in a limited space (filter chamber). In the filter press, the sludge is squeezed, so that a dehydrated cake having a relatively low water content can be obtained.

In this specification, a filter press in which a filter chamber is formed by two upper and lower filter plates covered with a filter cloth and a filter frame arranged horizontally to filter water in sludge in the vertical direction is referred to as "table". It will be called "formula filter press".

Patent Document 1 describes a table-type filter press in which sludge containing water is press-fitted into a filter chamber by a pump while the entire filter plate is hydraulically tightened. In the table-type filter press described in Patent Document 1, even after the filter chamber is filled with sludge, the sludge is further pressurized to continue filling the sludge, thereby filtering the water in the sludge and performing dehydration. After the dehydration is completed, the upper filter plate on the movable side rises, so that the dehydrated cake produced in the filter chamber is taken out.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 5-220306 (paragraph numbers 0027 to 0028, FIGS. 6 to 9)

The means for raising and lowering the filter plate of the table-type filter press described in Patent Document 1 is such that the upper filter plate is raised and lowered by the link mechanisms arranged on the left and right side surfaces of the filter chamber. That is, since the structure supports both sides of the filter plate, it is necessary to increase the strength and rigidity of the entire filter plate in order to keep the deformation and stress of the filter plate generated by the internal pressure during filtration within a predetermined range.

Further, in order to raise and lower the filter plate while maintaining the level, it is necessary to synchronize the left and right link mechanisms, and a device for that purpose is required. Further, in order to increase the size of the table type filter press, it is necessary to increase the area of the filter plate. However, since there is a limit to the strength and rigidity of the filter plate that can be obtained by the elevating means of Patent Document 1, the size of the filter plate can be increased. Have difficulty.

Therefore, in the present invention, it is not necessary to increase the strength and rigidity of the filter plate, the filter plate can be raised and lowered while maintaining a horizontal position, and a table type provided with a raising and lowering means capable of easily responding to an increase in the size of the entire device. Provide a filter press.

In the table-type filter press according to the first invention, a filter chamber is formed by an upper filter plate, a filter frame, and a lower plate, and the filter chamber can be opened and closed by raising and lowering the upper filter plate and the filter frame by an elevating means. In a table-type filter press, the elevating means includes two pantograph mechanisms arranged on the left and right in the same plane on the upper plate, and a synchronization mechanism that synchronizes the movements of the two pantograph mechanisms. , The synchronization mechanism is characterized by including a synchronization link connecting intermediate connection points located on the same side of the intermediate connection points connecting the upper and lower links of the pantograph mechanism.

The table-type filter press according to the first invention has a relatively simple mechanism of connecting intermediate connecting points located on the same side of the intermediate connecting points connecting the upper and lower links, in the same plane. It is possible to synchronize the two pantograph mechanisms arranged on the left and right. As a result, the parallelism between the upper plate and the lower plate is maintained, and the filter chamber can be opened and closed stably.

In the table type filter press according to the second invention, in the two pantograph mechanisms arranged on the left and right in the same plane, of the intermediate connecting points, a dual-acting hydraulic cylinder is provided between the adjacent intermediate connecting points. A drive mechanism in which a base end and a tip are interposed is provided, and the elevating means is driven by the expansion output and the contraction output of the hydraulic cylinder to open and close the filter chamber.

In the table type filter press according to the second invention, since the hydraulic cylinder applies a driving force (horizontal force) to the intermediate connection point, no bending force acts on the links constituting the pantograph mechanism. Therefore, since only the tensile force or the compressive force acts on the link constituting the pantograph mechanism, it is advantageous in terms of the strength of the link. Moreover, since the output of the hydraulic cylinder can be efficiently transmitted to the pantograph mechanism, the drive mechanism can be simply configured.

The table-type filter press according to the third invention includes the four pantograph mechanisms arranged in the front-rear and left-right directions, and the intermediate connection point in the two pantograph mechanisms arranged so as to be projected in the front-rear direction in a parallel plane. Among them, a synchronization mechanism in which the intermediate connection points located on the same side are connected to each other by a synchronization shaft is further provided, and the movements of the four pantograph mechanisms are all synchronized by the synchronization link and the synchronization shaft. And.

In the table type filter press according to the third invention, two pantograph mechanisms arranged on the left and right in the same plane are synchronized by a synchronization link, and two pantograph mechanisms projected back and forth in a parallel plane are synchronized shafts. Be synchronized. As a result, all four pantograph mechanisms can be synchronized. Further, since the four pantograph mechanisms are arranged in a well-balanced and compact manner on the upper part of the upper platen, it is advantageous in terms of the strength and rigidity of the upper platen.

In the table-type filter press of the present invention, the elevating means is arranged on the upper surface of the filter plate in a well-balanced manner, so that the force received by the filter plate due to the internal pressure acting on the filter plate during filtration can be efficiently transmitted to the elevating means. it can. Therefore, it is advantageous in ensuring the strength and rigidity of the filter plate. Further, in the table type filter press of the present invention, it is easy to increase the number of pantograph mechanisms and synchronization mechanisms thereof constituting the elevating means, so that it is possible to cope with an increase in the size of the entire apparatus.

It is an overall view of the dehydration apparatus provided with the table type filter press which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a table type filter press which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which excluded the upper frame from the table type filter press of FIG. It is an overall view of the elevating means which concerns on embodiment. It is a pantograph mechanism which concerns on embodiment. Two pantograph mechanisms arranged on the left and right in the same plane. It is a schematic diagram explaining the dehydration work. It is a schematic diagram explaining the taking out of the dehydrated cake.

FIG. 1 is an overall view of a dehydrator 2 provided with a table-type filter press 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The table filter press 1 is mounted on a lower frame 3 having four legs. This is because it is convenient when the dehydrated cake produced by the table-type filter press 1 is dropped and received in a container for disposal work.

Next to the lower frame 3, the control panel 4 of the table type filter press 1 is arranged. The table type filter press 1 is configured as a system controlled and driven by electricity and flood control as described later. The control panel 4 controls and drives the electric / hydraulic actuator and the electric / hydraulic sensor used in the table type filter press 1.

The periphery of the table type filter press 1 is covered with a cover 5. The cover 5 shields noise, odor, etc. generated by the operation of the table type filter press 1. The cover 5 is removable for inspection and adjustment of the table type filter press 1.

FIG. 2 is a table-type filter press 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the table type filter press 1, the filter chamber 9 is formed by the upper plate 6, the filter frame 7, and the lower plate 8. The elevating means 10 according to the present invention is arranged on the upper plate 6. The upper part of the elevating means 10 is connected to the upper frame 11. The upper frame 11 is a welded structure formed of H-shaped steel as a material, and has four legs. The filter chamber 9 can be opened and closed by raising and lowering the upper filter plate 6 and the filter frame 7 by the elevating means 10.

FIG. 3 is a view obtained by removing the upper frame 11 from the table type filter press 1 of FIG. The elevating means 10 has four pantograph mechanisms 20 to 23. The elevating means 10 includes a synchronization mechanism that synchronizes the movements of the pantograph mechanisms 20 to 23. The four pantograph mechanisms 20 to 23 are mounted at positions where the upper plate 6 is distributed substantially evenly and in a well-balanced manner with respect to the left-right and front-rear directions.

As shown in FIG. 3, the upper filter plate 6 is composed of a flat plate 13 having the entire area of the upper filter plate 6, a plurality of front-rear direction reinforcing plates 14, and a plurality of left-right direction reinforcing plates 15. The front-rear direction reinforcing plate 14 and the left-right direction reinforcing plate 15 are combined in a grid pattern. Due to this structure, the filter plate 6 has a strength and rigidity that can withstand the internal pressure of the filter chamber 9 while being lightweight as a whole.

Reference numeral 16 denotes a belt conveyor driving device for driving the lowering cloth (not shown) arranged on the upper surface of the lower plate 8. As will be described later, this is a driving means for moving the lower cloth to the right as a belt conveyor when the dehydrated cake produced when the sludge is dehydrated by the table type filter press 1 is taken out.

FIG. 4 is an overall view of the elevating means 10 according to the embodiment. The elevating means 10 has a pantograph mechanism 20 arranged on the left side in the same plane and a pantograph mechanism 21 arranged on the right side. Further, the elevating means 10 also has a pantograph mechanism 22 arranged on the left side and a pantograph mechanism 23 arranged on the right side in the same plane on the rear side thereof. Further, the pantograph mechanism 20 and the pantograph mechanism 22 arranged on the left are arranged at positions projected in front of and behind a parallel plane. Similarly, the pantograph mechanism 21 and the pantograph mechanism 23 arranged on the right are arranged at positions projected before and after the parallel plane.

FIG. 5 shows pantograph mechanisms 20, 21, 22, and 23 according to the embodiment. Since the four pantograph mechanisms 20, 21, 22, and 23 basically all have the same configuration, the detailed configuration of the pantograph mechanism 20 will be described below.

The pantograph mechanism 20 is composed of two flanges 30 and four links 31. The links 31 are all composed of two thick steel plates 31a. Holes for pins are drilled at both ends of the steel plate 31a.

The flange 30 is composed of two thick steel plates 30b erected on a thick steel plate 30a by welding. The steel plate 30b is provided with a hole for a pin 35 constituting the pivot point 34.

As shown in FIG. 5, one upper link 31 is formed by combining two steel plates 31a. The other upper link 31 is configured with two steel plates 31a arranged outside the one link 31. Further, two steel plates 30b of the flange 30 are arranged outside the other link 31. Then, one pin 35 penetrates the six overlapping steel plates (two steel plates 30b and four steel plates 31a) to form a pivot fulcrum 34. Grooves for snap rings are machined at both ends of the pin 35, and the snap ring 36 is attached to prevent the pin 35 from coming off.

Further, in the upper link 31 and the lower link 31, two steel plates 31a constituting the other link 31 are arranged outside the two overlapping steel plates 31a constituting one link 31, and four steel plates 31a are arranged. The pin 33 penetrates through the structure to form an intermediate connection point 32. The upper link 31 and the lower link 31 have a structure in which the upper and lower links are reversed on the left and right. Bolt holes 37 are provided at the four corners of the steel plate 30a of the flange 30. When connecting the pantograph mechanism 21 to the upper plate 6 or the upper frame 11, bolt holes 37 can be used as needed.

FIG. 6 shows two pantograph mechanisms 20 and 21 arranged on the left and right in the same plane. It is provided with a synchronization mechanism in which intermediate connection points 32 located on the same left side of the intermediate connection points 32 connecting the upper and lower links 31 and 31 are connected by a synchronization link 40. As shown in FIG. 6, the synchronization link 40 is made of a bar having a rectangular cross section and having holes for pins 33 forming an intermediate connection point 32 at both ends. The synchronous link 40 is designed to withstand tensile and compressive loads.

The synchronization link 40 may be arranged so as to connect the intermediate connection points 32 located on the same right side of the intermediate connection points 32. Further, the two synchronization links 40 may be arranged on both sides of the front side of the paper surface and the back side of the paper surface of the two pantograph mechanisms 20 and 21 shown in FIG. By the action of the synchronization link 40, the left pantograph mechanism 20 and the right pantograph mechanism 21 operate in synchronization with each other.

As shown in FIG. 6, in the two pantograph mechanisms 20 and 21 arranged on the left and right in the same plane, the drive cylinder is located between the adjacent intermediate connection points among the intermediate connection points 32 connecting the upper and lower links 31 and 31. A drive mechanism is provided in which the base end 44 and the tip end 43 of the 41 are interposed. As the drive cylinder 41, a dual-acting hydraulic cylinder having an extension side output and a contraction side output is used. A hydraulic unit that supplies flood control to the drive cylinder 41 is arranged in the vicinity of the control panel 4 shown in FIG. The hydraulic unit and the drive cylinder are connected by a hydraulic pipe (not shown). The flood pressure supplied by the hydraulic unit to the drive cylinder is adjusted to a pressure range of 7 to 14 MPa. By the action of the drive mechanism, the left and right pantograph mechanisms 20 and 21 can increase or decrease the distance between the upper and lower flanges 30 and 30.

As shown in FIG. 4, in two pantograph mechanisms 21 and 23 (or 20 and 22) arranged at positions projected back and forth in a parallel plane, they are located on the same side of the intermediate connection points 32. It is provided with a synchronization mechanism in which intermediate connection points 32 are connected to each other by a synchronization shaft 42. In the elevating means 10 shown in FIG. 4, the left and right intermediate connection points 32 of the pantograph mechanisms 21 and 23 on the right side are connected by two synchronous shafts 42. Further, the left and right intermediate connection points 32 of the left pantograph mechanisms 20 and 22 are connected by two synchronization shafts 42. By the action of the synchronization shaft 42, the front pantograph mechanism 21 and the rear pantograph mechanism 23 (or 20 and 22) operate in synchronization.

In the elevating means 10 provided with the four pantograph mechanisms shown in FIG. 4, even if there is only one synchronization shaft 42, the synchronization function is theoretically exhibited. However, by always arranging one or two synchronization shafts 42 between the pantograph mechanisms 21 and 23 (and 20 and 22) arranged in the front-rear direction, it is possible to exert the synchronization function more stably. it can.

As shown in FIG. 4, a synchronization link 40 (see FIG. 6) is provided between the left pantograph mechanism 20 and the right pantograph mechanism 21 (and 22 and 23). Further, a drive cylinder 41 (see FIG. 6) is provided between the left pantograph mechanism 20 and the right pantograph mechanism 21 (and 22 and 23).

With the above configuration, the elevating means 10 of the table type filter press 1 shown in FIG. 4 can be driven by the drive cylinder 41, and all four pantograph mechanisms 20 to 23 can be operated in synchronization with each other. It is also possible to hydraulically synchronize the two drive cylinders 41 arranged in the front-rear direction shown in FIG. Specifically, various known tuning circuits such as a throttle valve, a flow control valve, a tuning circuit using a hydraulic valve using a shunt valve, a tuning circuit using an actuator such as an oil motor and a hydraulic cylinder, and a tuning circuit using a servo mechanism. It is possible to adopt a circuit. When the two drive cylinders 41 arranged in the front-rear direction shown in FIG. 4 are hydraulically synchronized, the synchronization shaft 42 becomes unnecessary.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view illustrating a dehydration operation using the table type filter press 1 according to the embodiment. FIG. 8 is a schematic view illustrating the removal of the dehydrated cake produced by using the table-type filter press 1 according to the embodiment. Hereinafter, the function of the table type filter press 1 according to the embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8 with reference to other drawings as necessary.

(Dehydration work)
As shown in FIG. 7, in the table-type filter press 1 during the dehydration operation, the upper plate 6 and the filter frame 7 are lowered by the elevating means 10, and the lower end of the filter frame 7 comes into contact with the lower plate 8. , The filter chamber 9 is formed. For the upper plate 6, a material having a space such as punching metal and having water permeability is used in an appropriate place. A filter cloth 50 is stretched over the entire lower surface of the filter plate 6.

Also for the lower plate 8, a material having a space such as punching metal and having water permeability is used in an appropriate place. On the upper surface of the lower plate 8, a lower cloth 52 is stretched around the two drums 51 to form a belt conveyor. The drum 51 is driven by the belt conveyor driving device 16 shown in FIG.

Work wastewater containing sludge such as civil engineering work wastewater and factory wastewater is stored in the work wastewater tank 53. The inside of the filter chamber 9 of the table type filter press 1 and the work wastewater tank 53 are connected to each other by a pipeline 56 via one pump chamber of the diaphragm pump 54. Further, the upper plate 6 and the lower plate 8 and the filtered water tank 55 are connected to each other by a pipe line 57 via the other pump chamber of the diaphragm pump 54.

The work wastewater containing sludge from the work wastewater tank 53 is driven into the filter chamber 9 through the pipeline 56 by the diaphragm pump 54. The filtered water filtered by the lower cloth 50 or the lower cloth 52 is sucked out by the diaphragm pump 54 through the pipeline 57 and collected in the filtered water tank 55. At this time, a driving pressure is applied to the inside of the filter chamber 9, and the internal pressure acts on the entire surface of the upper plate 6. In this way, during dehydration, the diaphragm pump 54 simultaneously press-fits and inhales the filter chamber 9, so that efficient dehydration is possible.

As shown in FIG. 2 (FIG. 3), since the upper surface of the upper plate 6 is rationally supported by the elevating means 10 according to the present invention, the force received by the upper plate 6 is efficiently applied to the elevating means 10. I can tell. Therefore, it is advantageous in ensuring the strength and rigidity of the upper plate 6. That is, since the four pantograph mechanisms 20 to 23 are mounted at positions where the upper plate 6 is distributed substantially evenly and in a well-balanced manner with respect to the left-right and front-rear directions, the upper plate 6 can be stably supported. it can.

(Removal of dehydrated cake)
A dehydrated cake is formed in the filter chamber 9 shown in FIG. 7. When the dewatered cake is almost full in the filter chamber 9, the diaphragm pump 54 stops and the pouring of work wastewater is completed. Next, the upper plate 6 and the filter frame 7 are moved upward by the elevating means 10, and the dehydrated cake in the filter chamber 9 appears. At this time, as described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, the four pantograph mechanisms (20 to 23) simultaneously pull up the upper platen 6 and the filter frame 7, so that the upper platen 6 and the lower plate 8 are parallel to each other. Is maintained, and the filter chamber 9 can be opened and closed in a stable manner.

FIG. 8 shows a state in which the upper plate 6 and the filter frame 7 are pulled up by the elevating means 10. The dehydrated cake 60 formed on the upper surface of the lower cloth 52 on the lower plate 8 is in a state of being pulled out from the upper plate 6 and the filter frame 7.

Next, the belt conveyor of the lowering cloth 52 is driven by the belt conveyor driving device 16 (see FIG. 3). The drum 51 rotates in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 8 (clockwise), and the dewatered cake 60 is carried to the right by the lowering cloth 52. After passing the drum 51, the dehydrated cake 60 falls into the dehydrated cake storage container 61 placed below due to gravity. The dehydrated cake 60 collected in the dehydrated cake storage container 61 is transported to a predetermined processing plant.

After that, the lower cloth 52 is washed by a washing shower device (not shown). The lifting means 10 lowers the upper plate 6 and the filter frame 7 to form the filter chamber 9, and the dehydration operation described with reference to FIG. 7 is repeated.

As described above, in the table type filter press 1 of the present invention, since the elevating means 10 is arranged on the upper surface of the upper plate 6, the upper plate 6 is affected by the internal pressure acting on the upper plate 6 during filtration. Can efficiently transmit the force received by the elevating means 10 to the elevating means 10. Therefore, it is advantageous in ensuring the strength and rigidity of the upper plate 6.

Further, in the table type filter press 1 of the present invention, it is easy to increase the number of pantograph mechanisms and synchronization mechanisms thereof constituting the elevating means 10, so that it is easy to cope with the increase in size of the table type filter press 1.

That is, in the table type filter press 1 according to the present embodiment, the elevating means 10 is composed of 2 rows × 2 columns = 4 pantograph mechanisms, but 3 rows × 2 columns = 6 pantograph mechanisms, or It can also be configured as a pantograph mechanism having 2 rows x 3 columns = 6 pantograph mechanisms. Alternatively, the pantograph mechanism may have 3 rows × 3 columns = 9 pieces. In this case, the synchronization mechanism and the drive mechanism of the present invention may be increased according to the number of pantograph mechanisms, and the elevating means is extremely expandable.

Alternatively, it is also possible to consider the elevating means 10 composed of 2 rows × 2 columns = 4 pantograph mechanisms according to the present embodiment as one unit and increase the number of the units. In this case, the elevating means can be expanded such that 1 row × 2 columns = 2 units, 2 rows × 1 column = 2 units, 2 rows × 2 columns = 4 units.

Even when the table-type filter press becomes large and the area of the upper plate becomes large, according to the pantograph mechanism of the present invention and the elevating means using the synchronization mechanism, the left-right and front-rear directions with respect to the upper plate. Since it can be distributed evenly and in a well-balanced manner, it is easy to secure the strength and rigidity of the upper plate. That is, it is easy to increase the size of the table type filter press.

1: Table type filter press 6: Upper plate 7: Filter frame 8: Lower plate 9: Filter chamber 10: Elevating means 20, 21, 22, 23: Pantograph mechanism 31: Link 32: Intermediate connection point 40: Synchronous link 41 : Drive cylinder 42: Synchronous shaft

Claims (3)

A table-type filter press in which a filter chamber is formed by an upper filter plate, a filter frame, and a lower plate, and the filter chamber can be opened and closed by raising and lowering the upper plate and the filter frame by an elevating means.
The elevating means includes two pantograph mechanisms arranged on the left and right in the same plane on the upper platen, and a synchronization mechanism for synchronizing the movements of the two pantograph mechanisms.
The synchronization mechanism is a table-type filter press including a synchronization link that connects intermediate connection points located on the same side of intermediate connection points that connect the upper and lower links of the pantograph mechanism. In the two pantograph mechanisms arranged on the left and right in the same plane, a drive mechanism in which the base end and the tip of a dual-acting hydraulic cylinder are interposed between the adjacent intermediate connection points among the intermediate connection points is provided. The table-type filter press according to claim 1, wherein the elevating means is driven by the expansion output and the contraction output of the hydraulic cylinder to open and close the filter chamber. Equipped with the four pantograph mechanisms arranged in front, back, left and right,
In the two pantograph mechanisms arranged projected back and forth in a parallel plane, a synchronization mechanism is further provided in which the intermediate connection points located on the same side of the intermediate connection points are connected by a synchronization shaft. The table-type filter press according to claim 2, wherein all the movements of the four pantograph mechanisms are synchronized by the synchronization link and the synchronization shaft.

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