JP6906503B2 - 活性炭から調製されて、プロピレン−プロパン分離に有用なカーボンモレキュラーシーブ吸着剤 - Google Patents
活性炭から調製されて、プロピレン−プロパン分離に有用なカーボンモレキュラーシーブ吸着剤 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、2015年9月30日に出願され、参照により本明細書にその全体が組み込まれている、米国特許仮出願第62/234,701号に対する優先権を主張する。
本発明は、カーボンモレキュラーシーブ吸着剤の分野に関する。より詳細には、本発明は、改質活性炭をアニールして、プロピレン及びプロパンを分離するために好適である吸着剤を調製することを含む、カーボンモレキュラーシーブ吸着剤を調製するためのプロセスに関する。
以下の商業用活性炭/ポリマー組成物が得られる:
●実施例1:JAPAN ENVIROCHEMICALS(商標)LTD.,Osaka,Japanから入手可能な、4.65Åの有効な微細孔サイズを有する改質活性炭素前駆体であるMSC−4K。
●実施例2:JAPAN ENVIROCHEMICALS(商標)LTD.,Osaka,Japanから入手可能な、5.50Åの有効な微細孔サイズを有する改質活性炭素前駆体であるX2M4/6。
●比較例A:JAPAN ENVIROCHEMICALS(商標)LTD.,Osaka,Japanから入手可能な、3.74Åの有効な微細孔サイズを有する改質活性炭素前駆体であるMSC 3R−172。
●比較例B:CALGON(商標)CARBON CORPORATION,Pittsburgh,Pennsylvaniaから入手可能な、改質されていない活性炭素のみであるCALGON(商標)X−TRUSORB(商標)700。
以下に、本願の当初の特許請求の範囲に記載された発明を付記する。
[請求項1]
カーボンモレキュラーシーブ吸着剤組成物を調製する方法であって、
全体として6オングストローム超の有効な微細孔サイズを有する微細孔を含む活性炭上にポリマーを堆積させることであって、前記ポリマーが前記微細孔中または前記微細孔周辺に堆積し、前記堆積が、
(1)前記活性炭を少なくとも1つのモノマーに含浸させ、その後、前記ポリマーが形成されるように前記少なくとも1つのモノマーを重合させること、または
(2)前記活性炭を少なくとも1つの部分的に重合したモノマーに含浸させ、前記ポリマーが形成されるように含浸後に前記少なくとも1つの部分的に重合したモノマーの重合の完了を許容もしくは促進すること、のいずれかによって実行される、堆積させることと、
前記活性炭及び前記堆積したポリマーを一緒に炭化して、全体として4.3オングストローム超〜6オングストロームの範囲の有効な微細孔サイズを有する微細孔を有する改質活性炭を形成することと、
前記有効な微細孔サイズが4.0オングストローム〜4.3オングストロームの範囲に減少するような条件下で、不活性雰囲気下及び1000℃〜1500℃の範囲の温度で前記改質活性炭を加熱することによって、前記カーボンモレキュラーシーブ吸着剤組成物を形成することと、を含む、方法。
[請求項2]
前記モノマーが、フルフリルアルコール、ホルマリン、ジビニルベンゼン、フェノール、アルデヒド、及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
[請求項3]
前記ポリマーが、フルフリルアルコール、フルフリルアルコール−ホルムアルデヒド、ポリジビニルベンゼン、フェノール樹脂、及びそれらの組み合わせのポリマーからなる群から選択される、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
[請求項4]
前記活性炭が、少なくとも500m 2 /gの表面積を有し、前記改質活性炭が、少なくとも200m 2 /gの表面積を有し、いずれも窒素Brunauer−Emmett−Teller法によって測定されたものである、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[請求項5]
前記加熱温度が、1100℃〜1300℃である、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[請求項6]
前記カーボンモレキュラーシーブ吸着剤組成物が、(1)10以上のプロピレン/プロパン選択性、(2)0.4MPa圧の圧力及び35℃の温度で1重量%以上のプロピレン容量、(3)10分未満の平衡プロピレン吸着の50%に達するまでの時間、及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される特性を有する、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[請求項7]
カーボンモレキュラーシーブ吸着剤組成物であって、
全体として6オングストローム超の有効な微細孔サイズを有する微細孔を含む活性炭上にポリマーを堆積させることであって、前記ポリマーが前記微細孔中または前記微細孔周辺に堆積し、前記堆積が、
(1)前記活性炭を少なくとも1つのモノマーに含浸させ、その後、前記ポリマーが形成されるように前記少なくとも1つのモノマーを重合させること、または
(2)前記活性炭を少なくとも1つの部分的に重合したモノマーに含浸させ、前記ポリマーが形成されるように含浸後に前記少なくとも1つの部分的に重合したモノマーの重合の完了を許容もしくは促進すること、のいずれかによって実行される、堆積させることと、
前記活性炭及び前記堆積したポリマーを一緒に炭化させ、全体として4.3オングストローム超〜6オングストロームの範囲の有効な微細孔サイズを有する微細孔を有する改質活性炭を形成することと、
前記有効な微細孔サイズが4.0オングストローム〜4.3オングストロームの範囲に減少するような条件下で、不活性雰囲気下及び1000℃〜1500℃の範囲の温度で前記改質活性炭を加熱することによって、前記カーボンモレキュラーシーブ吸着剤組成物を形成することと、を含む方法によって調製される、カーボンモレキュラーシーブ吸着剤組成物。
Claims (6)
- カーボンモレキュラーシーブ吸着剤組成物を調製する方法であって、
全体として6オングストローム超の有効な微細孔サイズを有する微細孔を含む活性炭上にポリマーを堆積させることであって、前記ポリマーが前記微細孔中または前記微細孔周辺に堆積し、前記堆積が、
(1)前記活性炭を少なくとも1つのモノマーに含浸させ、その後、前記ポリマーが形成されるように前記少なくとも1つのモノマーを重合させること、または
(2)前記活性炭を少なくとも1つの部分的に重合したモノマーに含浸させ、前記ポリマーが形成されるように含浸後に前記少なくとも1つの部分的に重合したモノマーの重合の完了を許容もしくは促進すること、のいずれかによって実行される、堆積させることと、
前記活性炭及び前記堆積したポリマーを一緒に400℃〜1000℃の温度で炭化して、全体として4.3オングストローム超〜6オングストロームの範囲の有効な微細孔サイズを有する微細孔を有する改質活性炭を形成することと、
不活性雰囲気下及び1000℃〜1500℃の範囲のアニール温度で前記改質活性炭をアニールして、
4.0オングストローム〜4.3オングストロームの有効な微細孔サイズを有する前記カーボンモレキュラーシーブ吸着剤組成物を形成することと、を含む、方法。 - 前記モノマーが、フルフリルアルコール、ホルマリン、ジビニルベンゼン、フェノール、アルデヒド、及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリマーが、フルフリルアルコール、フルフリルアルコール−ホルムアルデヒド、ポリジビニルベンゼン、フェノール樹脂、及びそれらの組み合わせのポリマーからなる群から選択される、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記活性炭が、少なくとも500m2/gの表面積を有し、前記改質活性炭が、少なくとも200m2/gの表面積を有し、いずれも窒素Brunauer−Emmett−Teller法によって測定されたものである、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記アニール温度が、1100℃〜1300℃である、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記カーボンモレキュラーシーブ吸着剤組成物が、(1)0.4MPa圧の圧力及び35℃の温度で1重量%以上のプロピレン容量、(2)10分未満の平衡プロピレン吸着の50%に達するまでの時間、または(3)(1)及び(2)の両方からなる群から選択される特性を有する、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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