JP7836359B2 - Gas processing systems and ships containing them - Google Patents
Gas processing systems and ships containing themInfo
- Publication number
- JP7836359B2 JP7836359B2 JP2024099994A JP2024099994A JP7836359B2 JP 7836359 B2 JP7836359 B2 JP 7836359B2 JP 2024099994 A JP2024099994 A JP 2024099994A JP 2024099994 A JP2024099994 A JP 2024099994A JP 7836359 B2 JP7836359 B2 JP 7836359B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- bunkering
- pressure
- storage tank
- evaporated gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B17/00—Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for
- B63B17/0027—Tanks for fuel or the like ; Accessories therefor, e.g. tank filler caps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
- B63B27/34—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures using pipe-lines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
- F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
- F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
- F17C9/04—Recovery of thermal energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
- F25J1/0025—Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
- F25J1/007—Primary atmospheric gases, mixtures thereof
- F25J1/0072—Nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0201—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration
- F25J1/0202—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration in a quasi-closed internal refrigeration loop
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0203—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0204—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow SCR cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0229—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock
- F25J1/023—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock for the combustion as fuels, i.e. integration with the fuel gas system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
- F25J1/0264—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
- F25J1/0264—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams
- F25J1/0265—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams comprising cores associated exclusively with the cooling of a refrigerant stream, e.g. for auto-refrigeration or economizer
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
- F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
- F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0352—Pipes
- F17C2205/0367—Arrangements in parallel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
- F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
- F17C2223/043—Localisation of the removal point in the gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
- F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
- F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
- F17C2223/047—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid with a dip tube
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0107—Single phase
- F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2225/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2225/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2225/035—High pressure, i.e. between 10 and 80 bars
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2225/036—Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
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- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
- F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
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- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
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- F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
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- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
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- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
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- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
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- F17C2227/0327—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating with recovery of heat
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- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
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- F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
- F17C2227/0339—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using the same fluid
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- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
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- F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
- F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
- F17C2227/0355—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid in a closed loop
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
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- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
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- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
- F17C2260/046—Enhancing energy recovery
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- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
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- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
- F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
- F17C2265/037—Treating the boil-off by recovery with pressurising
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- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
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- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
- F17C2265/065—Fluid distribution for refuelling vehicle fuel tanks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
- F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/34—Details about subcooling of liquids
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Description
本発明は、ガス処理システム及びこれを含む船舶に関する。 This invention relates to a gas treatment system and a ship incorporating the same.
船舶は、大量の鉱物や原油、天然ガス、または数千個以上のコンテナなどを載せて大洋を航海する輸送手段で、鋼鉄からなり、浮力によって水線面に浮遊した状態でプロペラの回転により発生する推力で移動する。 Ships are means of transport that sail the oceans carrying large quantities of minerals, crude oil, natural gas, or thousands of containers. Made of steel, they float on the waterline due to buoyancy and move using thrust generated by the rotation of their propellers.
このような船舶は、エンジンやガスタービンなどを駆動することにより推力を発生させるが、このとき、エンジンはガソリンまたはディーゼルなどのオイル燃料を使用してピストンを動かし、ピストンの往復運動によってクランク軸を回転させ、クランク軸に連結されたシャフトが回転してプロペラが駆動されるようにし、一方、ガスタービンは、圧縮空気とともに燃料を燃焼させ、燃焼空気の温度/圧力によりタービン翼を回転させることで発電してプロペラに動力を伝達する方式を使用する。 Such vessels generate thrust by driving engines or gas turbines. In this process, the engine uses oil fuel such as gasoline or diesel to move a piston, which in turn rotates a crankshaft. A shaft connected to the crankshaft rotates, driving the propeller. Meanwhile, the gas turbine burns fuel with compressed air, and the temperature and pressure of the combustion air rotates the turbine blades, generating electricity that is then transmitted to the propeller.
しかし、最近では、液化ガスの一種である液化天然ガス(Liquefied Natural Gas)を運搬するLNG運搬船において、LNGを燃料として使用しエンジンやタービンなどの需要先を駆動するLNG燃料供給方式が使われており、LNGはクリーン燃料で、埋蔵量も石油より豊富であるため、需要先の燃料としてLNGを使用する方式はLNG運搬船以外の船舶にも適用されている。 However, recently, LNG carriers, which transport liquefied natural gas (LNG), a type of liquefied gas, have adopted an LNG fuel supply system that uses LNG as fuel to drive engines, turbines, and other components that meet their needs. Because LNG is a clean fuel and its reserves are more abundant than those of oil, this system of using LNG as fuel for components is also being applied to vessels other than LNG carriers.
ところが、LNGはディーゼル油とは異なり、ロード/アンロードの際に液相を保持するためには極低温状態で保持しなければならないという特性がある。従って、LNG推進方式を適用したLNG運搬船以外の船舶に対してLNGを安定的にバンカリングする技術に対する研究及び開発が必要な状況である。 However, unlike diesel fuel, LNG must be kept at extremely low temperatures to maintain its liquid phase during loading and unloading. Therefore, research and development are needed for technologies to stably bunker LNG for vessels other than LNG carriers using LNG propulsion systems.
本発明は上記のような従来技術の問題点を解決するために創出されたものであり、本発明の目的は液化ガスをガス推進船舶にバンカリングする過程で安定的且つ迅速な液化ガスの伝達を具現し、バンカリングの効率を向上させることができる。 This invention was created to solve the problems of the prior art described above. The objective of this invention is to realize stable and rapid transfer of liquefied gas during the bunkering process of gas-propelled vessels, thereby improving the efficiency of bunkering.
本発明の一側面によるガス処理システムは、バンカリング船舶の貯蔵タンクからガス推進船舶に設けられたC型の燃料タンクに液化ガスを伝達するガス処理システムであって、上記貯蔵タンクの液化ガスを上記燃料タンクに供給するバンカリングラインと、上記貯蔵タンクの蒸発ガスを冷媒で液化してリターンして上記貯蔵タンクの内圧を調整するバンカリング管理部と、上記バンカリングラインを介したバンカリング時に上記燃料タンクで発生する蒸発ガスを上記バンカリング船舶に伝達する蒸発ガスリターンラインと、を含み、上記バンカリング管理部は、バンカリング前に上記貯蔵タンクの内圧を既設定圧以下に下げ、バンカリング時に上記貯蔵タンクの内圧を上記燃料タンクの内圧未満に保持して上記蒸発ガスリターンラインを介して蒸発ガスが別の圧縮機による圧縮なしに伝達されるようにすることを特徴とする。 A gas treatment system according to one aspect of the present invention is a gas treatment system for transferring liquefied gas from a storage tank of a bunkering vessel to a C-type fuel tank installed on a gas-propelled vessel, and includes: a bunkering line that supplies the liquefied gas from the storage tank to the fuel tank; a bunkering management unit that liquefies the evaporated gas from the storage tank with a refrigerant and returns it to adjust the internal pressure of the storage tank; and an evaporated gas return line that transfers the evaporated gas generated in the fuel tank during bunkering via the bunkering line to the bunkering vessel. The bunkering management unit is characterized by lowering the internal pressure of the storage tank to a predetermined pressure or lower before bunkering, and maintaining the internal pressure of the storage tank below the internal pressure of the fuel tank during bunkering so that the evaporated gas is transferred via the evaporated gas return line without compression by another compressor.
具体的に、上記貯蔵タンクはメンブレン型またはC型のタンクであり、上記既設定圧は0.04barGまたは0.2barGであってもよい。 Specifically, the storage tank may be a membrane-type or C-type tank, and the pre-set pressure may be 0.04 barG or 0.2 barG.
具体的に、上記バンカリング管理部は蒸発ガスを液化する再液化装置を含み、上記蒸発ガスリターンラインは上記再液化装置に蒸発ガスを伝達することができる。 Specifically, the bunkering management unit includes a re-liquefaction device that liquefies the evaporated gas, and the evaporated gas return line can transmit the evaporated gas to the re-liquefaction device.
具体的に、上記バンカリング管理部は、バンカリング時に上記蒸発ガスリターンラインを介して伝達される蒸発ガスを再液化して上記貯蔵タンクに復帰させることで、上記貯蔵タンクの内圧を上記燃料タンクの内圧未満に保持することができる。 Specifically, the bunkering management unit can maintain the internal pressure of the storage tank below the internal pressure of the fuel tank by reliquefying the evaporated gas transmitted through the evaporated gas return line during bunkering and returning it to the storage tank.
具体的に、上記バンカリング管理部は、バンカリング前の内圧が第1圧力で、バンカリング時に液化ガスの流入によって内圧が下降する上記燃料タンクにバンカリングする場合、バンカリング前及びバンカリング時の上記貯蔵タンクの内圧を上記燃料タンクのバンカリング完了時の内圧以下にすることができる。 Specifically, when bunkering into a fuel tank where the internal pressure before bunkering is at a first pressure and the internal pressure decreases due to the inflow of liquefied gas during bunkering, the bunkering management unit can ensure that the internal pressure of the storage tank before and during bunkering is below the internal pressure of the fuel tank at the time of bunkering completion.
具体的に、上記バンカリング管理部は、バンカリング前の内圧が第2圧力で、バンカリング時に蒸発ガスの発生によって内圧が上昇する上記燃料タンクにバンカリングする場合、バンカリング前及びバンカリング時の上記貯蔵タンクの内圧を上記燃料タンクのバンカリング開始時の内圧以下にすることができる。 Specifically, when bunkering into a fuel tank where the internal pressure before bunkering is at the second pressure and the internal pressure increases due to the generation of evaporated gases during bunkering, the bunkering management unit can ensure that the internal pressure of the storage tank before and during bunkering is below the internal pressure of the fuel tank at the start of bunkering.
具体的に、上記第1圧力は、上記既設定圧対比で0.05barG~0.1barG大きい値以上の圧力であり、上記第2圧力は、上記既設定圧対比で0.05barG~0.1barG大きい値未満の圧力であることができる。 Specifically, the first pressure can be a pressure that is 0.05 barG to 0.1 barG greater than the previously set pressure, and the second pressure can be a pressure that is less than 0.05 barG to 0.1 barG greater than the previously set pressure.
具体的に、上記第1圧力は0.5barG~8barGであり、上記第2圧力は0.5barG以下であることができる。 Specifically, the first pressure can be between 0.5 barG and 8 barG, and the second pressure can be 0.5 barG or less.
本発明の一側面によるガス処理システムは、バンカリング船舶の貯蔵タンクからガス推進船舶に設けられた燃料タンクに液化ガスを伝達するガス処理システムであって、上記貯蔵タンクの液化ガスを上記燃料タンクに供給するバンカリングラインと、上記貯蔵タンクの蒸発ガスを冷媒との熱交換なしに圧縮、冷却、減圧してリターンすることで上記貯蔵タンクの内圧を調整するバンカリング管理部と、上記バンカリングラインを介したバンカリング時に上記燃料タンクで発生する蒸発ガスを上記バンカリング船舶に伝達する蒸発ガスリターンラインと、を含み、上記バンカリング管理部は、バンカリング前に上記貯蔵タンクの内圧を既設定圧以下に下げ、バンカリング時に上記蒸発ガスリターンラインを介した蒸発ガスの伝達を遮断して上記燃料タンクが蓄圧されるようにするか、上記貯蔵タンクの内圧を上記燃料タンクの内圧未満に保持して上記蒸発ガスリターンラインを介して蒸発ガスが別の圧縮機による圧縮なしに伝達されるようにすることを特徴とする。 A gas treatment system according to one aspect of the present invention is a gas treatment system for transferring liquefied gas from a storage tank of a bunkering vessel to a fuel tank installed on a gas-propelled vessel, and includes: a bunkering line that supplies the liquefied gas from the storage tank to the fuel tank; a bunkering management unit that adjusts the internal pressure of the storage tank by compressing, cooling, and depressurizing the evaporated gas from the storage tank without heat exchange with a refrigerant and returning it; and an evaporated gas return line that transfers the evaporated gas generated in the fuel tank during bunkering via the bunkering line to the bunkering vessel. The bunkering management unit is characterized by either lowering the internal pressure of the storage tank to a predetermined pressure or lower before bunkering, blocking the transfer of evaporated gas via the evaporated gas return line during bunkering so that the fuel tank can accumulate pressure, or maintaining the internal pressure of the storage tank below the internal pressure of the fuel tank so that evaporated gas is transferred via the evaporated gas return line without compression by another compressor.
具体的に、上記貯蔵タンクはメンブレン型またはC型のタンクであり、上記既設定圧は0.04barGまたは0.2barGであることができる。 Specifically, the storage tank is a membrane-type or C-type tank, and the pre-set pressure can be 0.04 barG or 0.2 barG.
具体的に、上記バンカリング管理部は、圧縮された蒸発ガスを上記貯蔵タンクから排出される蒸発ガスと熱交換する蒸発ガス熱交換器を含み、上記蒸発ガスリターンラインは、上記貯蔵タンクと上記蒸発ガス熱交換器の間に蒸発ガスを伝達することができる。 Specifically, the bunkering management unit includes an evaporative gas heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the compressed evaporative gas and the evaporative gas discharged from the storage tank, and the evaporative gas return line can transmit the evaporative gas between the storage tank and the evaporative gas heat exchanger.
具体的に、上記蒸発ガスリターンラインは、上記蒸発ガス熱交換器を経由または迂回して上記貯蔵タンクと上記蒸発ガス熱交換器の間に蒸発ガスを伝達するように設けられることができる。 Specifically, the above-mentioned evaporative gas return line can be configured to transmit evaporative gas between the storage tank and the evaporative gas heat exchanger, either via or by bypassing the evaporative gas heat exchanger.
具体的に、上記バンカリング管理部は、並列に設けられ、上記貯蔵タンクの蒸発ガスを圧縮して発電エンジンに供給する複数個の低圧圧縮機と、上記低圧圧縮機と上記発電エンジンの間で分岐された位置に設けられ、余剰の蒸発ガスを150barG以上に圧縮する多段のブースト圧縮機と、上記ブースト圧縮機で圧縮された蒸発ガスを減圧して液化する減圧弁と、を含み、上記蒸発ガス熱交換器は、上記ブースト圧縮機と上記減圧弁の間で高圧の蒸発ガスを上記貯蔵タンクから排出される蒸発ガスで冷却することができる。 Specifically, the bunkering management unit includes: multiple low-pressure compressors arranged in parallel to compress the evaporated gas from the storage tank and supply it to the power generation engine; a multi-stage boost compressor located at a branching point between the low-pressure compressors and the power generation engine to compress excess evaporated gas to 150 barG or higher; and a pressure reducing valve that reduces the pressure of the evaporated gas compressed by the boost compressor and liquefies it. The evaporated gas heat exchanger can cool the high-pressure evaporated gas between the boost compressor and the pressure reducing valve with the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank.
具体的に、上記バンカリング管理部は、バンカリング前に上記貯蔵タンクの内圧を既設定圧以下に下げるために、複数個の上記低圧圧縮機を並列運転して上記貯蔵タンクの蒸発ガスを吸引することができる。 Specifically, the bunkering management unit can operate multiple low-pressure compressors in parallel to draw out evaporated gas from the storage tank before bunkering, thereby lowering the internal pressure of the storage tank to below a predetermined pressure.
具体的に、上記バンカリング管理部は、上記貯蔵タンクの蒸発ガスを圧縮して発電エンジンに供給する低圧圧縮機と、上記低圧圧縮機と並列に設けられ、上記貯蔵タンクの蒸発ガスを150barG以上に圧縮する多段の高圧圧縮機と、上記高圧圧縮機で圧縮された蒸発ガスを減圧して液化する減圧弁と、を含み、上記蒸発ガス熱交換器は、上記高圧圧縮機と上記減圧弁の間で高圧の蒸発ガスを上記貯蔵タンクから排出される蒸発ガスで冷却し、上記高圧圧縮機は中間段の蒸発ガスを上記発電エンジンに供給することができる。 Specifically, the bunkering management unit includes a low-pressure compressor that compresses the evaporated gas from the storage tank and supplies it to the power generation engine, a multi-stage high-pressure compressor installed in parallel with the low-pressure compressor and compressing the evaporated gas from the storage tank to 150 barG or higher, and a pressure reducing valve that reduces the pressure of the evaporated gas compressed by the high-pressure compressor and liquefies it. The evaporated gas heat exchanger cools the high-pressure evaporated gas between the high-pressure compressor and the pressure reducing valve with the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank, and the high-pressure compressor can supply the intermediate stage evaporated gas to the power generation engine.
具体的に、上記バンカリング管理部は、上記貯蔵タンクの液化ガスの貯蔵量に応じて上記低圧圧縮機と上記高圧圧縮機を独立的に運転することができる。 Specifically, the bunkering management unit can operate the low-pressure compressor and the high-pressure compressor independently according to the amount of liquefied gas stored in the storage tank.
本発明の一側面によるガス処理システムは、バンカリング船舶の貯蔵タンクからガス推進船舶に設けられた燃料タンクに液化ガスを伝達するガス処理システムであって、上記貯蔵タンクの液化ガスを上記燃料タンクに供給するバンカリングラインと、上記貯蔵タンクの液化ガスを冷媒で過冷却してリターンすることで上記貯蔵タンクの内圧を調整するバンカリング管理部と、上記バンカリングラインを介したバンカリング時に上記燃料タンクで発生する蒸発ガスを上記バンカリング船舶に伝達する蒸発ガスリターンラインと、を含み、上記バンカリング管理部は、バンカリング前に上記貯蔵タンクの内圧を既設定圧以下に下げ、バンカリング時に上記蒸発ガスリターンラインを介した蒸発ガスの伝達を遮断して上記燃料タンクが蓄圧されるようにするか、上記貯蔵タンクの内圧を上記燃料タンクの内圧未満に保持して上記蒸発ガスリターンラインを介して蒸発ガスが別の圧縮機による圧縮なしに伝達されるようにすることを特徴とする。 A gas treatment system according to one aspect of the present invention is a gas treatment system for transferring liquefied gas from a storage tank of a bunkering vessel to a fuel tank installed on a gas-propelled vessel, and includes: a bunkering line that supplies the liquefied gas from the storage tank to the fuel tank; a bunkering management unit that adjusts the internal pressure of the storage tank by supercooling the liquefied gas from the storage tank with a refrigerant and returning it; and an evaporated gas return line that transfers evaporated gas generated in the fuel tank during bunkering via the bunkering line to the bunkering vessel. The bunkering management unit is characterized by either lowering the internal pressure of the storage tank to a predetermined pressure or lower before bunkering, blocking the transfer of evaporated gas via the evaporated gas return line during bunkering so that the fuel tank can accumulate pressure, or maintaining the internal pressure of the storage tank below the internal pressure of the fuel tank so that evaporated gas is transferred via the evaporated gas return line without compression by another compressor.
具体的に、上記貯蔵タンクはメンブレン型またはC型のタンクであり、上記既設定圧は0.04barGまたは0.2barGであることができる。 Specifically, the storage tank is a membrane-type or C-type tank, and the pre-set pressure can be 0.04 barG or 0.2 barG.
具体的に、上記バンカリング管理部は、液化ガスを冷媒で過冷却させる過冷却装置と、上記過冷却装置に冷媒を供給する冷媒供給部と、を含み、上記冷媒供給部は、冷媒を上記貯蔵タンクから発電エンジンに供給される液化ガスまたは蒸発ガスで冷却する冷媒熱交換器を含むことができる。 Specifically, the bunkering management unit includes a subcooling device that subcools the liquefied gas with a refrigerant, and a refrigerant supply unit that supplies the refrigerant to the subcooling device. The refrigerant supply unit may include a refrigerant heat exchanger that cools the refrigerant with the liquefied gas or evaporated gas supplied from the storage tank to the power generation engine.
具体的に、上記冷媒供給部は、冷媒圧縮機と、圧縮された冷媒と上記過冷却装置で加熱された冷媒を熱交換する冷媒間熱交換器と、圧縮後に上記冷媒間熱交換器を経た冷媒を膨張させる冷媒膨張機と、圧縮された冷媒を上記発電エンジンに供給される液化ガスまたは蒸発ガスで冷却する上記冷媒熱交換器と、を含むことができる。 Specifically, the refrigerant supply unit may include a refrigerant compressor, a refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the compressed refrigerant and the refrigerant heated by the subcooling device, a refrigerant expander that expands the refrigerant after it has passed through the refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger, and a refrigerant heat exchanger that cools the compressed refrigerant with liquefied gas or evaporated gas supplied to the power generation engine.
具体的に、上記冷媒供給部は、冷媒圧縮機と、圧縮された冷媒と上記過冷却装置で加熱された冷媒及び上記発電エンジンに供給される液化ガスまたは蒸発ガスを熱交換する上記冷媒熱交換器と、圧縮後に上記冷媒熱交換器を経た冷媒を膨張させる冷媒膨張機と、を含むことができる。 Specifically, the refrigerant supply unit may include a refrigerant compressor, a refrigerant heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the compressed refrigerant, the refrigerant heated by the subcooling device, and the liquefied or evaporated gas supplied to the power generation engine, and a refrigerant expander that expands the refrigerant after it has passed through the refrigerant heat exchanger.
本発明の一側面によるガス処理システムは、バンカリング船舶として上記ガス処理システムを有することを特徴とする。 One aspect of the present invention is a gas treatment system characterized by having the above-mentioned gas treatment system as a bunkering vessel.
本発明によるガス処理システム及びこれを含む船舶は、バンカリング船舶からガス推進船舶に液化ガスを伝達するとき液化ガスから蒸発ガスが発生することを考慮して、バンカリングの時間と効率を短縮させるための技術を創出して安全且つ安定的なバンカリングを保障することができる。 The gas processing system and vessels incorporating the same according to the present invention can ensure safe and stable bunkering by creating technologies to shorten the time and efficiency of bunkering, taking into account the generation of evaporated gas from liquefied gas when liquefied gas is transferred from a bunkering vessel to a gas-propelled vessel.
本発明の目的、特定の利点及び新規な特徴は、添付の図面と関わる以下の詳細な説明と好ましい実施例から更に明らかになるだろう。本明細書では、各図面の構成要素に参照番号を付するにおいて、同じ構成要素に限ってはたとえ他の図面上に表示されても、可能な限り同じ番号を付したことに留意すべきである。また、本発明を説明するに当たり、関連する公知技術に対する具体的な説明が本発明の要旨を不要に不明確にすると判断される場合は、その詳細な説明を省略する。 The object, particular advantages, and novel features of the present invention will become even clearer from the following detailed description and preferred embodiments relating to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, in assigning reference numerals to components in each drawing, the same component is used whenever possible, even if it appears in other drawings. Furthermore, in describing the present invention, if a specific description of the relevant prior art is deemed to unnecessarily obscure the gist of the invention, such detailed description is omitted.
以下、添付の図面を参照して本発明の好ましい実施例を詳細に説明する。ちなみに、本明細書において、液化ガスはLNGであってもよいが、これに限定せず、沸点が常温より低くて貯蔵のために強制的に液化され、発熱量を有する全ての物質を包括することができる。 Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings. Incidentally, in this specification, the liquefied gas may be LNG, but is not limited thereto; it can encompass all substances with a boiling point lower than room temperature, that are forcibly liquefied for storage, and that generate heat.
また、本明細書において、液化ガス/蒸発ガスはタンク内部での状態に基づいて区分されるもので、名称によって液相または気相に必ずしも限定されるものではない。また、本明細書において、高圧/低圧は相対的なものであり、数値に限定されない。 Furthermore, in this specification, liquefied gas/evaporated gas is classified based on its state inside the tank, and the name does not necessarily limit it to the liquid or gas phase. Also, in this specification, high pressure/low pressure is relative and not limited to numerical values.
参考までに、以下、図1~図5を通じて説明する第1、第2実施例は、冷媒で蒸発ガスを完全に再液化してバンカリング船舶BVのタンク内圧を下げてバンカリング時の蒸発ガスの発生を減らす思想を基盤としたものである。 For reference, the first and second embodiments described below through Figures 1 to 5 are based on the concept of reducing the generation of evaporated gases during bunkering by completely reliquefying the evaporated gas with a refrigerant to lower the internal pressure of the bunkering vessel's BV tank.
以下では、各実施例について詳細に説明する。 The following sections will describe each embodiment in detail.
図1は本発明の第1及び第2実施例によるガス処理システムの工程フローチャートであり、図2は本発明の第1実施例によるガス処理システムの概念図であり、図3は本発明の第1実施例によるガス処理システムにおける内圧変化のグラフである。 Figure 1 is a process flowchart of the gas treatment system according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention, Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram of the gas treatment system according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 3 is a graph of the internal pressure change in the gas treatment system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
図1~図3を参照すると、本発明の第1実施例によるガス処理システムは、バンカリング船舶BVの貯蔵タンク110からガス推進船舶GFSに設けられた燃料タンク210aに液化ガスを伝達するバンカリングシステムである。 Referring to Figures 1 to 3, the gas processing system according to the first embodiment of the present invention is a bunkering system that transmits liquefied gas from the storage tank 110 of the bunkering vessel BV to the fuel tank 210a provided on the gas-propelled vessel GFS.
本発明は以下に説明するガス処理システムを備えたバンカリング船舶BVを含んでもよい。本発明はガス処理システムを具現するために構成が特定されるガス推進船舶GFSも含む。例えば、本発明は以下のガス処理システムが適用されるガス推進船舶GFSであって、バンカリング時に発生する蒸発ガスをバンカリング船舶BVにリターンさせるための圧縮機(特にH/D compressor)が設けられないガス推進船舶GFSを含んでもよい。 The present invention may include a bunkering vessel BV equipped with the gas treatment system described below. The present invention also includes a gas-propelled vessel GFS whose configuration is specified to embody the gas treatment system. For example, the present invention may include a gas-propelled vessel GFS to which the following gas treatment system is applied, and which does not have a compressor (particularly an H/D compressor) for returning evaporated gases generated during bunkering to the bunkering vessel BV.
参考までに、ガス推進船舶GFSは液化ガス運搬船以外の商船であって、バルク船、コンテナ運搬船、鉱物運搬船などの船種であってもよく、燃料タンク210aに貯蔵された液化ガスまたは蒸発ガスを燃料処理部220(ポンプ、圧縮機、熱交換器など)によって圧縮/加圧/加熱などを経てガス供給ラインL6を介して推進エンジン230に供給する設備を備えてもよい。 For reference, a gas-propelled vessel (GFS) is a merchant ship other than a liquefied gas carrier, and may be a bulk carrier, container ship, or mineral carrier, and may be equipped with a system that supplies liquefied gas or evaporated gas stored in the fuel tank 210a to the propulsion engine 230 via the gas supply line L6 after being compressed/pressurized/heated by a fuel processing unit 220 (pump, compressor, heat exchanger, etc.).
ガス処理システムは、貯蔵タンク110から燃料タンク210aに液化ガスを供給する構成を含んでもよい。このとき、貯蔵タンク110はメンブレン型またはC型のタンクであり、貯蔵タンク110内に設けられる移送ポンプ111によって液化ガスが貯蔵タンク110と燃料タンク210aを連結するバンカリングラインL1に沿って燃料タンク210aに伝達されることができる。 The gas processing system may include a configuration for supplying liquefied gas from the storage tank 110 to the fuel tank 210a. In this case, the storage tank 110 is a membrane-type or C-type tank, and the liquefied gas can be transmitted to the fuel tank 210a along a bunkering line L1 connecting the storage tank 110 and the fuel tank 210a by a transfer pump 111 installed inside the storage tank 110.
また、ガス処理システムは、燃料タンク210aに液化ガスが供給されるとき、燃料タンク210a内で発生する蒸発ガスをバンカリング船舶BVにリターンさせる構成を含む。このとき、燃料タンク210aは、本実施例の場合、5barG~10barG前後の設計圧力を有するC型であってもよく、ガス推進船舶GFSの甲板の上部または船内などの様々な位置に設置されていてもよい。燃料タンク210aで発生した蒸発ガスは蒸発ガスリターンラインL2を介してバンカリング船舶BVにリターンされ、直接または間接的に貯蔵タンク110に伝達されることができる。 Furthermore, the gas processing system includes a configuration that returns the evaporated gas generated in the fuel tank 210a to the bunkering vessel BV when liquefied gas is supplied to the fuel tank 210a. In this embodiment, the fuel tank 210a may be a C-type tank with a design pressure of approximately 5 barG to 10 barG, and may be installed in various locations, such as on the upper deck or inside the gas-propelled vessel GFS. The evaporated gas generated in the fuel tank 210a is returned to the bunkering vessel BV via the evaporated gas return line L2 and can be transmitted directly or indirectly to the storage tank 110.
また、ガス処理システムはバンカリング管理部120を含む。バンカリング管理部120は貯蔵タンク110の内圧を調整するが、例えば、貯蔵タンク110の蒸発ガスを冷媒(窒素、混合冷媒など制限なし)で液化して貯蔵タンク110にリターンさせて貯蔵タンク110の内圧を下げることができる。 Furthermore, the gas processing system includes a bunkering control unit 120. The bunkering control unit 120 adjusts the internal pressure of the storage tank 110. For example, it can liquefy the evaporated gas from the storage tank 110 with a refrigerant (nitrogen, mixed refrigerants, etc., no restrictions) and return it to the storage tank 110 to lower its internal pressure.
本発明は、以下で詳細に述べるバンカリング管理部120を設けることで、バンカリングラインL1を介して貯蔵タンク110の液化ガスを燃料タンク210aに供給するバンカリングの際に燃料タンク210aでの蒸発ガスの発生及び燃料タンク210aで生成された蒸発ガスのバンカリング船舶BVへのリターンなどの部分を従来対比で改善させることができる。 This invention, by providing the bunkering management unit 120 described in detail below, can improve, compared to conventional methods, the generation of evaporated gas in the fuel tank 210a and the return of the evaporated gas generated in the fuel tank 210a to the bunkering vessel BV during bunkering, when supplying liquefied gas from the storage tank 110 to the fuel tank 210a via the bunkering line L1.
具体的には、バンカリング管理部120はバンカリング前に貯蔵タンク110の内圧を既設定圧以下に下げることができる。例えば、バンカリング管理部120はバンカリングラインL1を介して液化ガスが伝達される前に、予め貯蔵タンク110の内圧を0.04barGまたは0.2barGなどの既設定圧に下げることができる。勿論、貯蔵タンク110の内圧が既に既設定圧以下を満たしているのであれば、蒸発ガスの液化リターンは省略されてもよい。 Specifically, the bunkering management unit 120 can lower the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 to a predetermined pressure or lower before bunkering. For example, the bunkering management unit 120 can lower the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 to a predetermined pressure such as 0.04 barG or 0.2 barG before the liquefied gas is transmitted via the bunkering line L1. Of course, if the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 is already below the predetermined pressure, the liquefaction return of the evaporated gas may be omitted.
即ち、本発明は、バンカリング船舶BVの貯蔵タンク110の内圧を予め下げておくことで、貯蔵タンク110から燃料タンク210aに伝達される液化ガスが十分に安定的な液体状態(例えば、過冷却(subcooled)状態)になるようにして、燃料タンク210aに液化ガスが供給されるときの蒸発ガスの発生量を低減させることができる。 In other words, the present invention reduces the amount of evaporated gas generated when liquefied gas is supplied to the fuel tank 210a by pre-lowering the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 of the bunkering vessel BV, thereby ensuring that the liquefied gas transmitted from the storage tank 110 to the fuel tank 210a is in a sufficiently stable liquid state (for example, a supercooled state).
その後、バンカリングが開始されると、バンカリング管理部120は貯蔵タンク110の内圧を燃料タンク210aの内圧未満に保持する。この場合、燃料タンク210aで発生する蒸発ガスは、蒸発ガスリターンラインL2を介してバンカリング船舶BVに伝達される過程で、別の圧縮機による圧縮が必要なくなる。即ち、本発明は、バンカリング過程でガス推進船舶GFSからバンカリング船舶BVにリターンされる蒸発ガス(NBOG)が圧縮なしに伝達(Freeflow)されるようにする。 Subsequently, once bunkering begins, the bunkering management unit 120 maintains the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 below the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210a. In this case, the evaporated gas generated in the fuel tank 210a is transmitted to the bunkering vessel BV via the evaporated gas return line L2, eliminating the need for compression by another compressor. In other words, the present invention ensures that evaporated gas (NBOG) returned from the gas-propelled vessel GFS to the bunkering vessel BV during the bunkering process is transmitted without compression (freeflow).
具体的に、本発明は、バンカリング過程で貯蔵タンク110の蒸発ガスを継続的に処理して貯蔵タンク110の内圧を燃料タンク210a対比で低く保持し、燃料タンク210aから貯蔵タンク110に蒸発ガスが圧縮なしに伝達されるようにすることで、バンカリング時の蒸発ガスのリターンのためにガス推進船舶GFSに設けられていた高負荷圧縮機(High-Duty Compressor)が省略されるようにすることができる。勿論、そのために貯蔵タンク110と燃料タンク210aのそれぞれには、内圧を測定するための圧力計(不図示)が備えられる。 Specifically, the present invention continuously processes the evaporated gas in the storage tank 110 during the bunkering process to maintain a lower internal pressure in the storage tank 110 compared to the fuel tank 210a, and allows the evaporated gas to be transferred from the fuel tank 210a to the storage tank 110 without compression. This eliminates the need for a high-duty compressor, which was previously installed in gas-powered ships (GFS) for the return of evaporated gas during bunkering. Of course, both the storage tank 110 and the fuel tank 210a are equipped with pressure gauges (not shown) for measuring their internal pressure.
このような効果を具現するためのバンカリング管理部120は、蒸発ガスを液化する再液化装置122を利用し、再液化装置122の上流には並列に複数個の蒸発ガス圧縮機121が互いにバックアップできるように設けられ、再液化装置122の下流には圧力調整弁123と気液分離器124が設けられる。 To achieve these effects, the bunkering management unit 120 utilizes a re-liquefaction device 122 that liquefies the evaporated gas. Upstream of the re-liquefaction device 122, multiple evaporated gas compressors 121 are arranged in parallel to back each other up, and downstream of the re-liquefaction device 122, a pressure regulating valve 123 and a gas-liquid separator 124 are provided.
蒸発ガス圧縮機121と再液化装置122、圧力調整弁123、及び気液分離器124は、貯蔵タンク110を基準として循環流路を形成する圧力調整ラインL3上に順に設けられてもよく、これにより、バンカリング管理部120は貯蔵タンク110の蒸発ガスを圧縮、液化し貯蔵タンク110にリターンさせて貯蔵タンク110の内圧を下げることができるようになる。 The evaporative gas compressor 121, the reliquefaction device 122, the pressure regulating valve 123, and the gas-liquid separator 124 may be sequentially arranged on the pressure regulating line L3, which forms a circulation path with the storage tank 110 as the reference point. This allows the bunkering management unit 120 to compress and liquefy the evaporative gas in the storage tank 110 and return it to the storage tank 110, thereby lowering the internal pressure of the storage tank 110.
また、本発明は、貯蔵タンク110の内圧を低く保持するために、蒸発ガスリターンラインL2を介してバンカリング船舶BVに伝達される蒸発ガスが再液化装置122に伝達されて再液化後に貯蔵タンク110に復帰するようにするか、再液化装置122を迂回して貯蔵タンク110に伝達されるようにすることができる。または、ガス推進船舶GFSから伝達される蒸発ガスはバンカリング船舶BV内の電力消費のための発電エンジン130の稼動に使用されてもよい。 Furthermore, in order to maintain a low internal pressure in the storage tank 110, the present invention allows the evaporated gas transmitted to the bunkering vessel BV via the evaporated gas return line L2 to be transmitted to the reliquefaction unit 122 and returned to the storage tank 110 after reliquefaction, or to be transmitted to the storage tank 110 by bypassing the reliquefaction unit 122. Alternatively, the evaporated gas transmitted from the gas-propelled vessel GFS may be used to operate the power generation engine 130 for power consumption within the bunkering vessel BV.
貯蔵タンク110の内圧が燃料タンク210aの内圧以下になるようにするために、即ち、燃料タンク210aの内圧が貯蔵タンク110対比で高くなるようにするために、バンカリング管理部120は、蒸発ガスリターンラインL2を介して伝達される蒸発ガスが貯蔵タンク110にすぐ流入されて貯蔵タンク110の内圧上昇を引き起こさないように再液化装置122を活用することができる。 To ensure that the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 is less than or equal to the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210a, that is, to ensure that the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210a is higher than that of the storage tank 110, the bunkering management unit 120 can utilize the reliquefaction device 122 to prevent the evaporated gas transmitted via the evaporated gas return line L2 from immediately flowing into the storage tank 110 and causing an increase in the internal pressure of the storage tank 110.
即ち、バンカリング管理部120は、バンカリング時にリターンされる蒸発ガスを再液化して貯蔵タンク110に復帰させることで、貯蔵タンク110の内圧を燃料タンク210aの内圧未満に保持することができる。このとき、蒸発ガスリターンラインL2は、再液化装置122の上流である蒸発ガス圧縮機121の流入端に合流するか、再液化装置122に直接連結されるように設けられることができるが、燃料タンク210aの内圧が蒸発ガス圧縮機121の下流の圧力に対応する場合には蒸発ガスリターンラインL2から再液化装置122に直接蒸発ガスが伝達されてもよい。 In other words, the bunkering management unit 120 can maintain the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 below the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210a by reliquefying the evaporated gas returned during bunkering and returning it to the storage tank 110. At this time, the evaporated gas return line L2 can be configured to merge with the inlet end of the evaporated gas compressor 121, which is upstream of the reliquefaction device 122, or to be directly connected to the reliquefaction device 122. However, if the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210a corresponds to the pressure downstream of the evaporated gas compressor 121, the evaporated gas may be directly transmitted from the evaporated gas return line L2 to the reliquefaction device 122.
貯蔵タンク110の内圧が低いほど移送ポンプ111の負荷が大きくなるため、バンカリング管理部120は、貯蔵タンク110の内圧が燃料タンク210aの内圧以下のレベルで、リターンされる蒸発ガスが再液化なしに貯蔵タンク110に供給されるようにして貯蔵タンク110の内圧を上昇させることもできる。 Since the load on the transfer pump 111 increases as the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 decreases, the bunkering management unit 120 can also increase the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 so that when the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 is below the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210a, the returned evaporated gas is supplied to the storage tank 110 without reliquefaction.
バンカリング船舶BVは、バンカリングするための停泊状態において再液化装置122、蒸発ガス圧縮機121、移送ポンプ111などを稼動するために比較的大きな電力を確保する必要があり、停泊時に発電エンジン130が稼動されなければならない。このとき、発電エンジン130は、圧力調整ラインL3の蒸発ガス圧縮機121の下流から分岐される蒸発ガス消費ラインL4を介して蒸発ガスの供給を受けて消費することができ、そのために蒸発ガス圧縮機121の吐出圧力は発電エンジン130の要求圧力に対応することができる。 Bunkering vessels (BVs) require a relatively large amount of power to operate the reliquefaction unit 122, evaporator gas compressor 121, transfer pump 111, etc., while bunkered. Therefore, the power generator engine 130 must be running while bunkered. At this time, the power generator engine 130 can receive and consume evaporator gas through the evaporator gas consumption line L4, which branches off from the downstream of the evaporator gas compressor 121 in the pressure adjustment line L3. Thus, the discharge pressure of the evaporator gas compressor 121 can correspond to the required pressure of the power generator engine 130.
発電エンジン130は、貯蔵タンク110から液化ガス消費ラインL5を介して燃料供給ポンプ112、気化器113を経た液化ガスの供給を受けて消費することができるが、発電エンジン130が稼動できない場合などの状況において貯蔵タンク110の蒸発ガスを消費するために、蒸発ガス消費ラインL4はガス燃焼装置140(またはボイラーなど)にさらに連結されてもよい。 The power generation engine 130 can consume liquefied gas supplied from the storage tank 110 via the liquefied gas consumption line L5, passing through the fuel supply pump 112 and vaporizer 113. However, in situations where the power generation engine 130 is unable to operate, the evaporated gas consumption line L4 may be further connected to a gas combustion device 140 (or a boiler, etc.) to consume the evaporated gas from the storage tank 110.
蒸発ガスリターンラインL2を介してリターンされる蒸発ガスも発電エンジン130などの燃料として使用されることができ、このとき、蒸発ガスリターンラインL2は蒸発ガス圧縮機121の上流に連結されてもよいが、これに限定しない。 The evaporated gas returned via the evaporated gas return line L2 can also be used as fuel for the power generation engine 130, etc. In this case, the evaporated gas return line L2 may, but is not limited to, be connected upstream of the evaporated gas compressor 121.
以下では、図3を参照してバンカリング過程について説明する。参考までに、図3において、実線は初期内圧が互いに異なる燃料タンク210aのバンカリング時の内圧変化を示し、傾斜点線はバンカリングされる液化ガスの量を示し、水平点線は貯蔵タンク110の内圧を意味する。 The bunkering process will be explained below with reference to Figure 3. For reference, in Figure 3, the solid lines show the pressure changes during bunkering in fuel tanks 210a with different initial pressures, the inclined dotted lines show the amount of liquefied gas being bunkered, and the horizontal dotted lines represent the pressure inside the storage tank 110.
まず、バンカリング前に、ガス処理システムは再液化装置122を利用してバンカリング船舶BVの貯蔵タンク110の内圧を既設定圧以下に下げておくことができる。このとき、既設定圧は、図3の(A)では0.2barG前後で、図3の(B)では0.04barG前後である。 First, before bunkering, the gas treatment system can use the reliquefaction unit 122 to lower the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 of the bunkering vessel BV to below a predetermined pressure. At this time, the predetermined pressure is approximately 0.2 barG in Figure 3(A) and approximately 0.04 barG in Figure 3(B).
貯蔵タンク110の内圧が十分に低くなったら、貯蔵タンク110と燃料タンク210aの間にバンカリングラインL1を連結してバンカリングを開始する。燃料タンク210aは、極低温の液化ガスを受けるために内部が冷却された状態(cool-down)であってもよいが、バンカリング中に熱が燃料タンク210a内に浸透するなどの要因によって燃料タンク210aでは蒸発ガスが大量に発生するようになる。 Once the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 has dropped sufficiently, the bunkering line L1 is connected between the storage tank 110 and the fuel tank 210a to begin bunkering. The fuel tank 210a may be in a cool-down state to receive the cryogenic liquefied gas, but during bunkering, factors such as heat penetrating into the fuel tank 210a will cause a large amount of evaporated gas to be generated.
このとき、燃料タンク210aを保護するために蒸発ガスをバンカリング船舶BVにリターンさせなければならないが、本発明は図3に示したようにバンカリングが行われる時間ずっと貯蔵タンク110の内圧が燃料タンク210aの内圧以下になるようにし、リターンされる蒸発ガスが圧縮なしに伝達されるようにすることができる。 At this time, in order to protect the fuel tank 210a, the evaporated gas must be returned to the bunkering vessel BV. However, as shown in Figure 3, the present invention ensures that the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 remains below the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210a for the entire duration of bunkering, so that the returned evaporated gas is transmitted without compression.
バンカリングが行われる燃料タンク210aは、バンカリング前の内圧が、例えば、0.2/3.0/6.5barGであってもよいが、図3の(A)に示したように燃料タンク210aの初期圧力が3.0barGまたは6.5barGの場合、液化ガスが供給されることによって燃料タンク210aの内圧は徐々に減少するようになる。従って、バンカリングが完了したガス推進船舶GFSは、燃料タンク210aの蒸発ガスに対する処理なしにすぐ推進可能な状態になる。これは貯蔵タンク110がバンカリング前に内圧を下げてからバンカリングを行うからである。 The internal pressure of the fuel tank 210a undergoing bunkering may be, for example, 0.2/3.0/6.5 barG. However, as shown in Figure 3(A), if the initial pressure of the fuel tank 210a is 3.0 barG or 6.5 barG, the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210a will gradually decrease as liquefied gas is supplied. Therefore, a gas-powered vessel (GFS) that has completed bunkering can immediately begin propulsion without any treatment of the evaporated gas in the fuel tank 210a. This is because the storage tank 110 reduces its internal pressure before bunkering.
但し、図3の(A)において、燃料タンク210aの初期内圧が0.2barGであってもよいが、これは貯蔵タンク110の既設定圧と同じであり、この場合、燃料タンク210aは内圧が同じ貯蔵タンク110の液化ガスの伝達を受けて蒸発ガスが生成されることによってバンカリング過程で内圧が多少上昇することがある。 However, in Figure 3(A), the initial internal pressure of the fuel tank 210a may be 0.2 barG. This is the same as the pre-set pressure of the storage tank 110. In this case, the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210a may increase slightly during the bunkering process due to the generation of evaporated gas by receiving liquefied gas from the storage tank 110, which has the same internal pressure.
一方、図3の(B)の場合は、燃料タンク210aの初期内圧が0.2barGの場合も貯蔵タンク110のバンカリング前の内圧がそれより小さい0.04barGで用意されるため、3つの初期内圧を有する燃料タンク210aはバンカリング過程で全て内圧が減少することが確認できる。 On the other hand, in the case of Figure 3(B), even when the initial internal pressure of fuel tank 210a is 0.2 barG, the internal pressure of storage tank 110 before bunkering is set to a lower value of 0.04 barG. Therefore, it can be confirmed that the internal pressure of all three fuel tanks 210a, each with its own initial internal pressure, decreases during the bunkering process.
上記のような事例の全てにおいて依然として蒸発ガスは圧縮なしにガス推進船舶GFSからバンカリング船舶BVにリターンされるように、バンカリング管理部120は貯蔵タンク110と燃料タンク210aの間の圧力差を保持することができる。 In all of the above examples, the bunkering control unit 120 can maintain the pressure difference between the storage tank 110 and the fuel tank 210a so that the evaporated gas is still returned from the gas-propelled vessel GFS to the bunkering vessel BV without compression.
具体的には、バンカリング前の内圧が第1圧力で、バンカリング時に液化ガスの流入によって内圧が下降する燃料タンク210aにバンカリングする場合(図3の(A)で燃料タンク210aの内圧が3.0/6.5barGの場合と図3(B)の全ての場合)、バンカリング管理部120は、バンカリング前及びバンカリング時の貯蔵タンク110の内圧を燃料タンク210aのバンカリング完了時の内圧(約0.5bar前後)以下にすることができる。 Specifically, when bunkering into a fuel tank 210a where the internal pressure before bunkering is the first pressure and the internal pressure decreases due to the inflow of liquefied gas during bunkering (in the case where the internal pressure of fuel tank 210a is 3.0/6.5 barG in Figure 3(A) and in all cases in Figure 3(B)), the bunkering management unit 120 can keep the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 before and during bunkering below the internal pressure of fuel tank 210a at the completion of bunkering (approximately 0.5 bar).
一方、バンカリング前の内圧が第2圧力であり、バンカリング時の蒸発ガスの発生によって内圧が上昇する燃料タンク210aにバンカリングする場合(図3の(A)で燃料タンク210aの内圧が0.2barGの場合)、バンカリング管理部120は、バンカリング前及びバンカリング時の貯蔵タンク110の内圧を燃料タンク210aのバンカリング開始時の内圧(0.2barG)以下にすることができる。 On the other hand, when bunkering into a fuel tank 210a where the internal pressure before bunkering is the second pressure and the internal pressure rises due to the generation of evaporated gas during bunkering (in Figure 3(A), when the internal pressure of fuel tank 210a is 0.2 barG), the bunkering management unit 120 can keep the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 before and during bunkering below the internal pressure of fuel tank 210a at the start of bunkering (0.2 barG).
このとき、第1圧力は既設定圧対比で0.05barG~0.1barG大きい値以上の圧力で、0.5barG~8barGであってもよく、第2圧力は既設定圧対比で0.05barG~0.1barG大きい値未満の圧力で、0.5barG以下であってもよいが、数値をこれに限定するものではない。 In this case, the first pressure may be a value 0.05 barG to 0.1 barG greater than the previously set pressure, and may be between 0.5 barG and 8 barG. The second pressure may be a value less than 0.05 barG to 0.1 barG greater than the previously set pressure, and may be 0.5 barG or less, but the numerical values are not limited to these.
以上のように、本実施例は、バンカリング前に貯蔵タンク110の内圧を予め下げておくことで、バンカリング時に燃料タンク210aで発生する蒸発ガスを低減することができ、また、貯蔵タンク110の内圧が燃料タンク210aの内圧以下になるように保持して、燃料タンク210aの蒸発ガスが圧縮なしにバンカリング船舶BVにリターンされるようにすることで、ガス推進船舶GFSのH/D圧縮機を省略することができる。 As described above, this embodiment reduces the amount of evaporated gas generated in the fuel tank 210a during bunkering by pre-lowering the internal pressure of the storage tank 110. Furthermore, by maintaining the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 below the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210a, the evaporated gas from the fuel tank 210a is returned to the bunkering vessel BV without compression, thereby eliminating the need for the HDD compressor in the gas-propelled vessel GFS.
図4は本発明の第2実施例によるガス処理システムの概念図であり、図5は本発明の第2実施例によるガス処理システムにおける内圧変化のグラフである。 Figure 4 is a conceptual diagram of a gas treatment system according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 5 is a graph of the internal pressure change in the gas treatment system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
図1とともに図4及び図5を参照すると、本発明の第2実施例は、上述した実施例と比較して、燃料タンク210bがメンブレン型で設けられる点において差がある。以下では、本実施例が上述した実施例と比べて変わる点を中心として説明し、以下において説明を省略する部分は上述した内容に代える。これは後述する他の実施例でも同様である。 Referring to Figures 4 and 5 along with Figure 1, the second embodiment of the present invention differs from the above-described embodiment in that the fuel tank 210b is provided in a membrane type. The following description will focus on the differences between this embodiment and the above-described embodiment, and any parts omitted in the following description will be replaced by the above-described content. This also applies to the other embodiments described later.
本実施例のガス推進船舶GFSは、図4に示したようにコンテナ運搬船などで、船内に燃料タンク210bを搭載することができ、このとき、燃料タンク210bはメンブレン型であってもよい。または、メンブレン型の設計圧力と同じ/類似する設計圧力を有する独立型タンクで、B型(自立角型であるSPBなど)であってもよい。 The gas-propelled vessel GFS of this embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, can be a container ship or the like, and can be equipped with a fuel tank 210b on board. In this case, the fuel tank 210b may be of the membrane type. Alternatively, it may be an independent tank having the same or similar design pressure as the membrane type, such as a Type B (e.g., a self-supporting rectangular SPB).
以下では、図5を参照して本実施例のバンカリング過程について説明する。参考までに、図3と同様に、図5において、実線は初期内圧が異なる燃料タンク210bのバンカリング時の内圧変化を示し、傾斜点線はバンカリングされる液化ガスの量を示し、水平点線は貯蔵タンク110の内圧を意味する。 The bunkering process of this embodiment will be described below with reference to Figure 5. For reference, similar to Figure 3, in Figure 5, the solid lines show the change in internal pressure during bunkering of fuel tanks 210b with different initial internal pressures, the inclined dotted lines show the amount of liquefied gas being bunkered, and the horizontal dotted lines represent the internal pressure of the storage tank 110.
ガス処理システムはバンカリング前に既設定圧以下に貯蔵タンク110の内圧を下げ、このとき、既設定圧は、図5の(A)では0.2barG前後で、図5の(B)では0.04barG前後である。 The gas processing system reduces the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 to below a pre-set pressure before bunkering. At this time, the pre-set pressure is approximately 0.2 barG in Figure 5(A) and approximately 0.04 barG in Figure 5(B).
貯蔵タンク110の内圧を予め下げてからバンカリングを開始するが、第2実施例の場合、上述した第1実施例と同様にバンカリングが行われる時間ずっと貯蔵タンク110の内圧が燃料タンク210bの内圧以下になるようにすることで、HD圧縮機による圧縮なしに燃料タンク210bからバンカリング船舶BVに蒸発ガスがリターンされる。 In the second embodiment, the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 is lowered beforehand before starting bunkering. However, in the second embodiment, similar to the first embodiment described above, the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 is kept below the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210b for the entire duration of bunkering, thereby allowing evaporated gas to be returned from the fuel tank 210b to the bunkering vessel BV without compression by the HD compressor.
ここで、燃料タンク210bの内圧は、バンカリング前の内圧が0.63/0.2/0.05barGであってもよいが、貯蔵タンク110のバンカリング前の内圧が0.2barGである図5の(A)において燃料タンク210bの内圧が0.63barGの場合と貯蔵タンク110のバンカリング前の内圧が0.04barGである図5の(B)において燃料タンク210bの内圧が0.63/0.2barGの場合、液化ガスが供給されることによって燃料タンク210bの内圧は次第に減少するようになる。 Here, the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210b may be 0.63/0.2/0.05 bar G before bunkering. However, in Figure 5(A), where the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 before bunkering is 0.2 bar G, and in Figure 5(B), where the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210b is 0.63 bar G, and in Figure 5(B), where the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 before bunkering is 0.04 bar G, the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210b will gradually decrease as liquefied gas is supplied.
この場合は、バンカリング前の内圧が第1圧力(既設定圧対比で0.05barG~0.1barG大きい値以上の圧力で0.5barG~1barG)で、バンカリング時に液化ガスの流入によって内圧が下降する燃料タンク210bにバンカリングする場合であり、バンカリング管理部120は、バンカリング前及びバンカリング時の貯蔵タンク110の内圧を燃料タンク210bのバンカリング完了時の内圧(約0.5bar前後)以下にすることができる。 In this case, the internal pressure before bunkering is the first pressure (a pressure 0.05 barG to 0.1 barG greater than the previously set pressure, specifically 0.5 barG to 1 barG), and bunkering is performed to a fuel tank 210b where the internal pressure decreases due to the inflow of liquefied gas during bunkering. The bunkering management unit 120 can control the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 before and during bunkering to be less than or equal to the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210b upon completion of bunkering (approximately 0.5 bar).
一方、貯蔵タンク110のバンカリング前の内圧が0.2barGである図5の(A)において燃料タンク210bの内圧が0.2barGである場合と貯蔵タンク110のバンカリング前の内圧が0.04barGである図5の(B)において燃料タンク210bの内圧が0.05barGの場合、燃料タンク210bは、内圧が同じ/類似する貯蔵タンク110の液化ガスの伝達を受けながら蒸発ガスが生成されることによってバンカリング過程で内圧が多少上昇することができる。 On the other hand, in Figure 5(A), where the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 before bunkering is 0.2 bar G, and in Figure 5(B), where the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210b is 0.05 bar G, the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 before bunkering is 0.04 bar G, can increase slightly during the bunkering process due to the generation of evaporated gas while receiving liquefied gas from the storage tank 110, which has the same/similar internal pressure.
この場合は、バンカリング前の内圧が第2圧力(既設定圧対比で0.05barG~0.1barG大きい値未満の圧力で0.5barG以下)で、バンカリング時に蒸発ガスの発生によって内圧が上昇する燃料タンク210bにバンカリングする場合であり、バンカリング管理部120は、バンカリング前及びバンカリング時の貯蔵タンク110の内圧を燃料タンク210bのバンカリング開始時の内圧(0.2barG)以下にすることができる。 In this case, the internal pressure before bunkering is at the second pressure (a pressure less than 0.05 barG to 0.1 barG greater than the previously set pressure, and less than or equal to 0.5 barG), and bunkering occurs to fuel tank 210b where the internal pressure increases due to the generation of evaporated gas during bunkering. The bunkering management unit 120 can set the internal pressure of storage tank 110 before and during bunkering to be less than or equal to the internal pressure of fuel tank 210b at the start of bunkering (0.2 barG).
但し、本実施例は、貯蔵タンク110のバンカリング前の内圧が0.2barGである図5の(A)において燃料タンク210bのバンカリング前の内圧が0.05barG以下の場合が存在し、この場合には、バンカリング前に内圧が既設定圧以下に低くなった貯蔵タンク110の圧力がバンカリング前の燃料タンク210bの内圧より大きい圧力の場合であり、第1実施例とは異なる処理が行われる。 However, in this embodiment, in Figure 5(A), where the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 before bunkering is 0.2 barG, there is a case where the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210b before bunkering is 0.05 barG or less. In this case, the pressure of the storage tank 110, which has fallen below the previously set pressure before bunkering, is greater than the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210b before bunkering, and a different process is performed than in the first embodiment.
このとき、バンカリングの初期には貯蔵タンク110の内圧が燃料タンク210bの内圧より高く形成されるため、蒸発ガスのfreeflowリターンが行われない。従って、本実施例は、バンカリング開始時点から一定時点まで蒸発ガスリターンラインL2を介した蒸発ガスの伝達を遮断して燃料タンク210bが蓄圧されるようにする。 At this time, in the initial stages of bunkering, the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 is higher than the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210b, so freeflow return of evaporated gas does not occur. Therefore, in this embodiment, the transmission of evaporated gas through the evaporated gas return line L2 is blocked from the start of bunkering until a certain point in time, so that the fuel tank 210b is pressurized.
蒸発ガスのリターンが遮断されると、燃料タンク210bの内圧は蒸発ガスの発生により次第に上昇するようになり、燃料タンク210bの内圧が貯蔵タンク110の内圧を超える時点である一定時点からバンカリング完了時点までは、上述した実施例と同様に、バンカリング管理部120を通じて貯蔵タンク110の内圧を燃料タンク210bの内圧未満に保持することで、蒸発ガスリターンラインL2を介して蒸発ガスを圧縮なしに伝達することができる。 When the return of evaporated gas is blocked, the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210b gradually increases due to the generation of evaporated gas. From a certain point in time when the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210b exceeds the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 until the completion of bunkering, the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 is maintained below the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210b through the bunkering management unit 120, similar to the embodiment described above. This allows evaporated gas to be transmitted without compression via the evaporated gas return line L2.
即ち、本実施例は、設計圧力が大気圧水準である燃料タンク210bにバンカリングする場合、貯蔵タンク110の内圧を予め下げても燃料タンク210bのバンカリング前の内圧より高い状況でバンカリングが開始される場合が発生することに備えて、バンカリング開始から一定時間の間、燃料タンク210bの内圧が蓄圧によって上昇して貯蔵タンク110の内圧を超えるように制御することができる。 In other words, this embodiment, when bunkering into a fuel tank 210b whose design pressure is at atmospheric pressure, can be controlled to ensure that, for a certain period of time from the start of bunkering, the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210b rises due to pressure accumulation and exceeds the internal pressure of the storage tank 110, even if the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 is lowered beforehand.
具体的に、バンカリング管理部120は、バンカリング開始時点から一定時点までは蒸発ガスのリターンを遮断し、一定時点からバンカリング完了時点の間にはリターンされる蒸発ガスを再液化して貯蔵タンク110に復帰させることで貯蔵タンク110の内圧を燃料タンク210bの内圧未満に保持することができる。 Specifically, the bunkering management unit 120 shuts off the return of evaporated gas from the start of bunkering until a certain point in time. From that point until the completion of bunkering, it reliquefies the returned evaporated gas and returns it to the storage tank 110, thereby maintaining the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 below the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210b.
このように、本実施例は、メンブレン型の燃料タンク210bに対するバンカリングを具現するためのものであり、バンカリング開始時に貯蔵タンク110の内圧が燃料タンク210bの内圧より高い場合に備えて燃料タンク210bの部分的蓄圧制御を具現し、蒸発ガスのリターンに圧縮機が使用される必要がないようにすることができる。 Thus, this embodiment is for implementing bunkering for a membrane-type fuel tank 210b. It implements partial pressure accumulation control of the fuel tank 210b in case the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 is higher than the internal pressure of the fuel tank 210b at the start of bunkering, thus eliminating the need for a compressor to return evaporated gas.
参考までに、以下で図6及び図7を通じて説明する第3、第4実施例は、圧縮/熱交換/減圧で蒸発ガスを部分的に再液化してバンカリング船舶BVのタンク内圧を下げることでバンカリング時の蒸発ガスの発生を低減させる思想を基盤としたものである。 For reference, the third and fourth embodiments described below through Figures 6 and 7 are based on the concept of reducing the generation of evaporated gas during bunkering by partially reliquefying evaporated gas through compression/heat exchange/depressurization to lower the internal pressure of the bunkering vessel's BV tank.
以下では、各実施例について詳細に説明する。 The following sections will describe each embodiment in detail.
図6は、本発明の第3実施例によるガス処理システムの工程フローチャートである。 Figure 6 is a process flowchart of a gas treatment system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
図6を参照すると、本発明の第3実施例によるガス処理システムは、蒸発ガスを冷媒で液化してリターンさせる再液化装置122を備えるバンカリング管理部120に代わって(または加えて)、冷媒との熱交換なしに貯蔵タンク110の蒸発ガスを圧縮、冷却、減圧してリターンさせることで貯蔵タンク110の内圧を調整するバンカリング管理部120を備えてもよい。 Referring to Figure 6, the gas processing system according to the third embodiment of the present invention may include a bunkering management unit 120 that adjusts the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 by compressing, cooling, and depressurizing the evaporated gas in the storage tank 110 and returning it, instead of (or in addition to) the bunkering management unit 120 which includes a reliquefaction device 122 that liquefies the evaporated gas with a refrigerant and returns it.
但し、本実施例を含む以下の実施例において、バンカリング管理部120がバンカリング前に貯蔵タンク110の内圧を既設定圧(0.04/0.2barG前後)以下に下げバンカリング時の蒸発ガスリターンを遮断することで燃料タンク210a、210bが蓄圧されるようにするか、バンカリング時に蒸発ガスが圧縮なしに伝達されるように貯蔵タンク110内圧<燃料タンク210a、210bの内圧を保持する制御は、上述した実施例と同様である。 However, in the following embodiments, including this embodiment, the control by which the bunkering management unit 120 lowers the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 to a pre-set pressure (around 0.04/0.2 barG) or below before bunkering to block the return of evaporated gas during bunkering, thereby causing the fuel tanks 210a and 210b to accumulate pressure, or by maintaining the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 < the internal pressure of the fuel tanks 210a and 210b so that evaporated gas is transmitted without compression during bunkering, is the same as in the embodiment described above.
バンカリング管理部120は、低圧圧縮機121a、ブースト圧縮機121b、蒸発ガス熱交換器125、減圧弁123、気液分離器124を含み、圧力調整ラインL3は貯蔵タンク110を基準として循環流路を形成し、上記構成を順に直列に連結することができる。 The bunkering control unit 120 includes a low-pressure compressor 121a, a boost compressor 121b, an evaporative gas heat exchanger 125, a pressure reducing valve 123, and a gas-liquid separator 124. The pressure adjustment line L3 forms a circulation path based on the storage tank 110, and the above components can be connected in series in sequence.
低圧圧縮機121aは、複数個が並列に設けられて貯蔵タンク110の蒸発ガスを圧縮して発電エンジン130に供給する。そのために低圧圧縮機121aの下流において蒸発ガス消費ラインL4が分岐されて発電エンジン130などに連結され、低圧圧縮機121aは発電エンジン130の要求圧力に適した吐出圧力を具備することができる。 Multiple low-pressure compressors 121a are installed in parallel to compress the evaporated gas from the storage tank 110 and supply it to the power generation engine 130. For this purpose, the evaporated gas consumption line L4 is branched downstream of the low-pressure compressors 121a and connected to the power generation engine 130, etc. The low-pressure compressors 121a can therefore have a discharge pressure suitable for the pressure required by the power generation engine 130.
ブースト圧縮機121bは多段に設けられ、低圧圧縮機121aと発電エンジン130の間で分岐された位置(圧力調整ラインL3を基準として低圧圧縮機121aの下流)に設けられ、余剰の蒸発ガスを150barG以上に圧縮する。 The boost compressor 121b is installed in multiple stages and is located at a branch point between the low-pressure compressor 121a and the power generation engine 130 (downstream of the low-pressure compressor 121a, relative to the pressure adjustment line L3). It compresses excess evaporated gas to 150 barG or higher.
本実施例は、蒸発ガスを冷媒熱交換なしに圧縮してから減圧するものであり、液化するためにジュール・トムソン効果を活用し、そのために蒸発ガスの減圧前の圧力を150barG以上にしなければならない。従って、本実施例は、発電エンジン130への蒸発ガスの供給のために低圧圧縮機121aを備えながらも、減圧を利用した蒸発ガスの液化のためにブースト圧縮機121bをさらに設ける。 This embodiment compresses the evaporated gas without refrigerant heat exchange and then reduces the pressure. It utilizes the Joule-Thomson effect for liquefaction, requiring the pressure of the evaporated gas before depressurization to be 150 barG or higher. Therefore, while this embodiment includes a low-pressure compressor 121a for supplying evaporated gas to the power generation engine 130, it also includes a boost compressor 121b for liquefaction of the evaporated gas using reduced pressure.
蒸発ガス熱交換器125は、ブースト圧縮機121bで圧縮された蒸発ガスを貯蔵タンク110から排出される蒸発ガスと熱交換して、圧縮された高圧の蒸発ガスを冷却することができる。一方、貯蔵タンク110から排出された蒸発ガスは、蒸発ガス熱交換器125で熱交換によって多少加熱されるため、低圧圧縮機121aの流入温度が上昇し、低圧圧縮機121aが耐えなければならない温度を上げることができる。 The evaporative gas heat exchanger 125 can cool the compressed, high-pressure evaporative gas by exchanging heat between the evaporative gas compressed by the boost compressor 121b and the evaporative gas discharged from the storage tank 110. On the other hand, the evaporative gas discharged from the storage tank 110 is slightly heated by the heat exchange in the evaporative gas heat exchanger 125, which increases the inlet temperature of the low-pressure compressor 121a, thereby raising the temperature that the low-pressure compressor 121a must withstand.
蒸発ガス熱交換器125は、貯蔵タンク110から低圧圧縮機121aに伝達される蒸発ガスのストリームと、ブースト圧縮機121bから減圧弁123に伝達される高圧蒸発ガスのストリームとを互いに熱交換させるように少なくとも2つのストリームを備える構造を有する。 The evaporative gas heat exchanger 125 has a structure that includes at least two streams to exchange heat between the stream of evaporative gas transmitted from the storage tank 110 to the low-pressure compressor 121a and the stream of high-pressure evaporative gas transmitted from the boost compressor 121b to the pressure reducing valve 123.
このとき、蒸発ガスリターンラインL2が貯蔵タンク110と蒸発ガス熱交換器125の間に蒸発ガスを伝達するように設けられることによって、貯蔵タンク110から低圧圧縮機121aに伝達されるストリームは、貯蔵タンク110の蒸発ガスに燃料タンク210a、210bの蒸発ガスが混合されたものであることができる。 In this case, by providing the evaporative gas return line L2 to transmit evaporative gas between the storage tank 110 and the evaporative gas heat exchanger 125, the stream transmitted from the storage tank 110 to the low-pressure compressor 121a can be a mixture of the evaporative gas from the storage tank 110 and the evaporative gases from the fuel tanks 210a and 210b.
さらに、蒸発ガス熱交換器125は、蒸発ガスリターンラインL2を介して伝達される燃料タンク210a、210bの蒸発ガスを熱交換することができるように、蒸発ガスリターンラインL2が経由するストリームをさらに備えてもよい。即ち、蒸発ガスリターンラインL2は、蒸発ガス熱交換器125を経由した後、貯蔵タンク110と低圧圧縮機121aの間の圧力調整ラインL3に合流することができる。 Furthermore, the evaporative gas heat exchanger 125 may further include a stream through which the evaporative gas return line L2 passes, so as to be able to exchange heat with the evaporative gases of the fuel tanks 210a and 210b transmitted via the evaporative gas return line L2. That is, after passing through the evaporative gas heat exchanger 125, the evaporative gas return line L2 can merge into the pressure regulating line L3 between the storage tank 110 and the low-pressure compressor 121a.
但し、蒸発ガスリターンラインL2は蒸発ガス熱交換器125を迂回するように設けられてもよいため、蒸発ガスリターンラインL2は蒸発ガス熱交換器125を経由または迂回して貯蔵タンク110と蒸発ガス熱交換器125の間に蒸発ガスを伝達するように設けられる。 However, since the evaporative gas return line L2 may be provided to bypass the evaporative gas heat exchanger 125, the evaporative gas return line L2 is provided to transmit evaporative gas between the storage tank 110 and the evaporative gas heat exchanger 125, either via or by bypassing the evaporative gas heat exchanger 125.
このとき、蒸発ガスリターンラインL2が蒸発ガス熱交換器125を迂回するようにするのは、ガス推進船舶GFSから回収される蒸発ガスの冷熱を活用する必要がない場合であり、発電エンジン130に供給されずに残る余剰の蒸発ガスが少ないか、ない場合などであることができる。 In this case, the reason why the evaporative gas return line L2 is routed to bypass the evaporative gas heat exchanger 125 is that there is no need to utilize the cold energy of the evaporative gas recovered from the gas-propelled ship GFS, and that there is little or no surplus evaporative gas remaining that is not supplied to the power generation engine 130.
減圧弁123は、ブースト圧縮機121bで圧縮され蒸発ガス熱交換器125で冷却された蒸発ガスを減圧して液化する。減圧弁123は、150barG以上に圧縮された後、冷却された蒸発ガスを1~10barGに減圧して蒸発ガスの少なくとも一部を液化させることができる。 The pressure reducing valve 123 reduces the pressure of the evaporated gas, which has been compressed by the boost compressor 121b and cooled by the evaporated gas heat exchanger 125, and liquefies it. The pressure reducing valve 123 can reduce the pressure of the evaporated gas, which has been compressed to 150 barG or higher and then cooled, to 1 to 10 barG, thereby liquefying at least a portion of the evaporated gas.
気液分離器124は液化された蒸発ガスを気液分離し、液相(LBOG)は貯蔵タンク110にリターンさせ、気相(flash gas)は貯蔵タンク110から蒸発ガス熱交換器125に伝達される蒸発ガスに混合することができる。 The gas-liquid separator 124 separates the liquefied evaporated gas into gas and liquid phases. The liquid phase (LBOG) is returned to the storage tank 110, while the gas phase (flash gas) can be mixed with the evaporated gas transmitted from the storage tank 110 to the evaporated gas heat exchanger 125.
また、気液分離器124で分離された気相は蒸発ガスと合流せずに蒸発ガス熱交換器125で別のストリームを介して流動しながら熱交換した後、低圧圧縮機121aの上流で蒸発ガスと合流するか、または発電エンジン130やボイラーなどによって消費されるようにすることもできる。 Furthermore, the gas phase separated in the gas-liquid separator 124 can be configured to flow through a separate stream in the evaporative gas heat exchanger 125 without merging with the evaporated gas, undergo heat exchange, and then either merge with the evaporated gas upstream of the low-pressure compressor 121a, or be consumed by a power generation engine 130 or boiler.
このような本実施例のバンカリング管理部120は、複数個が並列配置された低圧圧縮機121a+ブースト圧縮機121bを含む蒸発ガス圧縮機121を構成して、バンカリング前に貯蔵タンク110の内圧を既設定圧以下に下げるために複数個の低圧圧縮機121aを並列運転し貯蔵タンク110の蒸発ガスを十分に吸引することで、貯蔵タンク110の内圧下降を迅速に具現することができる。 In this embodiment, the bunkering management unit 120 comprises an evaporative gas compressor 121 including multiple low-pressure compressors 121a and boost compressors 121b arranged in parallel. By operating the multiple low-pressure compressors 121a in parallel to sufficiently draw out the evaporative gas from the storage tank 110 before bunkering, the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 can be reduced to below a predetermined pressure, thereby rapidly achieving a decrease in the internal pressure of the storage tank 110.
従って、本実施例は、バンカリング前に貯蔵タンク110の内圧を迅速、且つ十分に下げることで、バンカリング時に貯蔵タンク110で発生する蒸発ガスの量を低減させてバンカリング効率を向上させることができる。 Therefore, this embodiment can improve bunkering efficiency by rapidly and sufficiently lowering the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 before bunkering, thereby reducing the amount of evaporated gas generated in the storage tank 110 during bunkering.
図7は、本発明の第4実施例によるガス処理システムの工程フローチャートである。 Figure 7 is a process flowchart of a gas treatment system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
図7を参照すると、本発明の第4実施例によるガス処理システムは、上述した第3実施例に比べてバンカリング管理部120の蒸発ガス圧縮機121が異なるように構成されることができる。 Referring to Figure 7, the gas processing system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention can be configured such that the evaporative gas compressor 121 of the bunkering management unit 120 differs from that of the third embodiment described above.
本実施例のバンカリング管理部120は、発電エンジン130に蒸発ガスを供給するための低圧圧縮機121aと、ジュール・トムソン効果を通じて蒸発ガスを液化するための高圧圧縮機121cを設けるが、低圧圧縮機121aと高圧圧縮機121cを並列に設けることができる。 In this embodiment, the bunkering management unit 120 includes a low-pressure compressor 121a for supplying evaporated gas to the power generation engine 130 and a high-pressure compressor 121c for liquefying the evaporated gas through the Joule-Thomson effect. However, the low-pressure compressor 121a and the high-pressure compressor 121c can be installed in parallel.
このとき、高圧圧縮機121cは中間段に蒸発ガス消費ラインL4が連結され、中間段で圧縮された蒸発ガスを発電エンジン130に供給することで、低圧圧縮機121aが多段に設けられた高圧圧縮機121cの一部によってバックアップされることができる。 In this configuration, the high-pressure compressor 121c has an evaporative gas consumption line L4 connected to its intermediate stage. By supplying the compressed evaporative gas from the intermediate stage to the power generation engine 130, the low-pressure compressor 121a can be backed up by a portion of the multi-stage high-pressure compressor 121c.
本実施例のバンカリング管理部120は、高圧圧縮機121cを利用して蒸発ガスを150barG以上に加圧した後、蒸発ガス熱交換器125で貯蔵タンク110から排出された蒸発ガスを利用して冷却し、減圧弁123、気液分離器124を経て貯蔵タンク110にリターンさせることができる。 In this embodiment, the bunkering management unit 120 uses a high-pressure compressor 121c to pressurize the evaporated gas to 150 barG or higher, then cools it using the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank 110 in the evaporated gas heat exchanger 125, and returns it to the storage tank 110 via the pressure reducing valve 123 and gas-liquid separator 124.
このとき、バンカリング管理部120は、貯蔵タンク110の液化ガス貯蔵量に応じて低圧圧縮機121aと高圧圧縮機121cを独立的に択一して運転することができる。例えば、貯蔵タンク110の液化ガスの貯蔵量が多い場合(蒸発ガス量の多いLaden voyageなど)には、高圧圧縮機121cを利用して中間段の蒸発ガスの一部を発電エンジン130に供給しながら最終段の蒸発ガスを再液化して貯蔵タンク110にリターンさせることができ、一方、貯蔵タンク110の液化ガスの貯蔵量が少ない場合(蒸発ガス量の少ないBallast voyageなど)には、低圧圧縮機121aを利用して蒸発ガスが発電エンジン130などによって消費され、貯蔵タンク110にリターンされないようにすることができる。 At this time, the bunkering management unit 120 can independently select and operate the low-pressure compressor 121a and the high-pressure compressor 121c according to the amount of liquefied gas stored in the storage tank 110. For example, when the amount of liquefied gas stored in the storage tank 110 is large (such as in the Laden voyage, which has a large amount of evaporated gas), the high-pressure compressor 121c can be used to supply a portion of the intermediate stage evaporated gas to the power generation engine 130 while reliquefying the final stage evaporated gas and returning it to the storage tank 110. On the other hand, when the amount of liquefied gas stored in the storage tank 110 is small (such as in the Ballast voyage, which has a small amount of evaporated gas), the low-pressure compressor 121a can be used to consume the evaporated gas by the power generation engine 130, etc., and prevent it from being returned to the storage tank 110.
このように本実施例は、減圧を利用した蒸発ガスの液化を具現するための高圧圧縮機121cが発電エンジン130への蒸発ガスの供給のための低圧圧縮機121aと並列に備えられるようにして、運航状態に応じて高圧圧縮機121cと低圧圧縮機121aを択一稼動して蒸発ガス圧縮機121の稼動効率を向上させることができる。 Thus, in this embodiment, the high-pressure compressor 121c, which embodies the liquefaction of evaporated gas using reduced pressure, is provided in parallel with the low-pressure compressor 121a for supplying evaporated gas to the power generation engine 130. This allows for selective operation of the high-pressure compressor 121c and the low-pressure compressor 121a depending on the operating conditions, thereby improving the operating efficiency of the evaporated gas compressor 121.
参考までに、以下で図8~図10を参照して説明する第5~第7実施例は、冷媒で液化ガスを過冷却してリターンし、バンカリング船舶BVのタンク内圧を下げてバンカリング時に蒸発ガスの発生を低減させる思想を基盤としたものである。 For reference, the fifth to seventh embodiments described below with reference to Figures 8 to 10 are based on the concept of subcooling the liquefied gas with a refrigerant and returning it to reduce the internal pressure of the bunkering vessel's BV tank, thereby reducing the generation of evaporated gas during bunkering.
以下では、各実施例について詳細に説明する。 The following sections will describe each embodiment in detail.
図8は、本発明の第5実施例によるガス処理システムの工程フローチャートである。 Figure 8 is a process flowchart of a gas treatment system according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
図8を参照すると、本発明の第5実施例によるガス処理システムは、バンカリング管理部120が蒸発ガスを冷媒で完全に再液化するか、圧縮/冷却/減圧して部分的に再液化する代わりに、液化ガスを冷媒で過冷却してリターンし、貯蔵タンク110の内圧を調整することができる。 Referring to Figure 8, the gas processing system according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention allows the bunkering management unit 120 to adjust the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 by subcooling the liquefied gas with the refrigerant and returning it, instead of completely reliquefying the evaporated gas with the refrigerant or partially reliquefying it by compression/cooling/depressurizing it.
そのためにバンカリング管理部120は、過冷却装置126、冷媒供給部127を備える。過冷却装置126は液化ガスを冷媒で過冷却させることができ、過冷却される液化ガスの温度は大気圧で液化ガスの沸点(-163℃)より低い温度(例えば-170℃前後)であってもよい。 To this end, the bunkering management unit 120 is equipped with a supercooling device 126 and a refrigerant supply unit 127. The supercooling device 126 can supercool the liquefied gas with a refrigerant, and the temperature of the supercooled liquefied gas may be lower than the boiling point of the liquefied gas at atmospheric pressure (-163°C) (for example, around -170°C).
冷媒供給部127は、窒素や混合冷媒などの限定されない物質である冷媒を過冷却装置126に供給して液化ガスの過冷却を具現する。冷媒供給部127は、冷媒圧縮機1271、冷媒クーラー1272、冷媒膨張機1273、冷媒熱交換器1274、冷媒間熱交換器1275を備え、冷媒循環ラインL7が上記構成を順に連結して冷媒が循環する流路を形成する。 The refrigerant supply unit 127 supplies a refrigerant, such as nitrogen or a mixed refrigerant, to the subcooling device 126 to achieve subcooling of the liquefied gas. The refrigerant supply unit 127 comprises a refrigerant compressor 1271, a refrigerant cooler 1272, a refrigerant expander 1273, a refrigerant heat exchanger 1274, and an inter-refrigerant heat exchanger 1275. A refrigerant circulation line L7 connects these components in sequence, forming a flow path through which the refrigerant circulates.
冷媒圧縮機1271は冷媒を圧縮する。圧縮された冷媒の圧力は10barG前後であってもよいが、これに限定されず、過冷却効率を上げるために多様な数値の圧力が使用されてもよい。 The refrigerant compressor 1271 compresses the refrigerant. The pressure of the compressed refrigerant may be around 10 barG, but is not limited to this; various pressure values may be used to improve the subcooling efficiency.
冷媒クーラー1272は、冷媒圧縮機1271によって圧縮されながら加熱された冷媒を様々な冷エネルギーで冷却させることができる。冷媒クーラー1272は冷媒圧縮機1271の下流に設けられ、冷媒圧縮機1271が多段で設けられる場合は冷媒圧縮機1271の各段に設けられてもよい。 The refrigerant cooler 1272 can cool the refrigerant, which is heated while being compressed by the refrigerant compressor 1271, with various types of cooling energy. The refrigerant cooler 1272 is installed downstream of the refrigerant compressor 1271, and may be installed at each stage of the refrigerant compressor 1271 if the compressor is multi-stage.
冷媒膨張機1273は圧縮された冷媒を膨張させる。圧縮後に膨張によって減圧される冷媒は、上述した減圧弁123の場合と類似して冷媒の温度を十分に下げることができ、膨張された冷媒は過冷却装置126に伝達されて液化ガスを過冷却させるのに用いられる。 The refrigerant expander 1273 expands the compressed refrigerant. The refrigerant, depressurized by expansion after compression, can sufficiently lower its temperature, similar to the case of the pressure reducing valve 123 described above. The expanded refrigerant is then transmitted to the subcooling device 126 and used to subcool the liquefied gas.
冷媒熱交換器1274は、冷媒圧縮機1271で圧縮された冷媒を貯蔵タンク110から発電エンジン130に供給される蒸発ガスで冷却する。このとき、冷媒熱交換器1274は、図面に示したように冷媒圧縮機1271と過冷却装置126の間に設けられてもよいが、これとは異なり、冷媒熱交換器1274は、冷媒圧縮機1271と過冷却装置126の間の如何なる地点にも設置が可能であり、冷媒クーラー1272に代わることもできる。 The refrigerant heat exchanger 1274 cools the refrigerant compressed by the refrigerant compressor 1271 with evaporated gas supplied from the storage tank 110 to the power generation engine 130. While the refrigerant heat exchanger 1274 may be installed between the refrigerant compressor 1271 and the subcooling device 126 as shown in the drawing, it can also be installed at any point between the refrigerant compressor 1271 and the subcooling device 126, and can replace the refrigerant cooler 1272.
冷媒間熱交換器1275は、圧縮された冷媒と過冷却装置126で加熱された冷媒を熱交換することができる。具体的には、冷媒間熱交換器1275は、圧縮後膨張前の冷媒を過冷却装置126で加熱され圧縮前の冷媒と熱交換することができる。 The refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger 1275 can exchange heat between the compressed refrigerant and the refrigerant heated by the subcooling device 126. Specifically, the refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger 1275 can exchange heat between the refrigerant (before expansion after compression) and the refrigerant (before compression) that has been heated by the subcooling device 126.
本実施例は、冷媒供給部127がN2 Bryton cycleで設けられ、冷媒間熱交換器1275を備えることができるが、冷媒間熱交換器1275はいくらでも省略可能である。 In this embodiment, the refrigerant supply unit 127 is provided as an N2 Bryton cycle, and a refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger 1275 can be included, but the refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger 1275 can be omitted at will.
このように、本実施例は、バンカリング前に貯蔵タンク110の内圧を下げるために液化ガスの過冷却リターンを利用するが、過冷却のための冷媒が発電エンジン130に供給される蒸発ガスの冷熱を利用するようにすることで、エネルギーの使用効率を改善することができる。 Thus, this embodiment utilizes the supercooling return of liquefied gas to reduce the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 before bunkering. However, by using the cold energy of the evaporated gas supplied to the power generation engine 130 as the refrigerant for supercooling, energy efficiency can be improved.
図9は、本発明の第6実施例によるガス処理システムの工程フローチャートである。 Figure 9 is a process flowchart of a gas treatment system according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
図9を参照すると、本発明の第6実施例によるガス処理システムは、上述した第5実施例と比べて、冷媒供給部127が冷媒を貯蔵タンク110から発電エンジン130に供給される液化ガスで冷却することができる。 Referring to Figure 9, the gas processing system according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention, compared to the fifth embodiment described above, allows the refrigerant supply unit 127 to cool the refrigerant with liquefied gas supplied from the storage tank 110 to the power generation engine 130.
貯蔵タンク110の液化ガスは気化器113を経て発電エンジン130に供給されるが、本実施例は、気化されるべき液化ガスが冷媒の冷却に使用されるようにして、バンカリング前の液化ガスの過冷却効果を上げるとともに、気化器113の負荷を下げるか、気化器113を省略することができる。 The liquefied gas from the storage tank 110 is supplied to the power generation engine 130 via the vaporizer 113. In this embodiment, the liquefied gas to be vaporized is used to cool the refrigerant, thereby increasing the supercooling effect of the liquefied gas before bunkering, reducing the load on the vaporizer 113, or even allowing the vaporizer 113 to be omitted.
本実施例の冷媒熱交換器1274は、冷媒循環ラインL7と蒸発ガス消費ラインL4が経由する上述した実施例とは異なり、冷媒循環ラインL7と液化ガス消費ラインL5が経由するように設けられることは言うまでもない。また、上述した実施例において液化ガスを過冷却するためのポンプは移送ポンプ111または別のポンプであることができるが、本実施例では液化ガスを過冷却するためのポンプとして燃料供給ポンプ112を使用することができる。 Unlike the above-described embodiment, in this embodiment, the refrigerant heat exchanger 1274 is provided so that the refrigerant circulation line L7 and the liquefied gas consumption line L5 pass through it, unlike the above-described embodiment where the refrigerant circulation line L7 and the evaporated gas consumption line L4 pass through it. Furthermore, while in the above-described embodiment the pump for subcooling the liquefied gas can be the transfer pump 111 or another pump, in this embodiment the fuel supply pump 112 can be used as the pump for subcooling the liquefied gas.
また、本発明は、本実施例と上述した実施例を組み合わせて、冷媒を発電エンジン130に供給される蒸発ガス及び液化ガスのうち少なくとも何れか1つで冷却する実施例を含んでもよく、この場合、冷媒/液化ガス/蒸発ガスストリームを備えた冷媒熱交換器1274を単独で備えるか、冷媒/液化ガスストリームの冷媒熱交換器1274と冷媒/蒸発ガスストリームの冷媒熱交換器1274を備えることが可能である。 Furthermore, the present invention may also include an embodiment combining this embodiment with the above-described embodiment in which the refrigerant is cooled by at least one of the evaporated gas and liquefied gas supplied to the power generation engine 130. In this case, it is possible to provide either a refrigerant heat exchanger 1274 equipped with a refrigerant/liquefied gas/evaporated gas stream alone, or a refrigerant heat exchanger 1274 of a refrigerant/liquefied gas stream and a refrigerant heat exchanger 1274 of a refrigerant/evaporated gas stream.
図10は、本発明の第7実施例によるガス処理システムの工程フローチャートである。 Figure 10 is a process flowchart of a gas treatment system according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
図10を参照すると、本発明の第7実施例によるガス処理システムは、冷媒熱交換器1274が冷媒間熱交換器1275を代替するように設けられることができる。 Referring to Figure 10, the gas processing system according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention can be configured such that the refrigerant heat exchanger 1274 replaces the inter-refrigerant heat exchanger 1275.
即ち、冷媒熱交換器1274は、圧縮された冷媒と過冷却装置126で加熱された冷媒及び発電エンジン130に供給される液化ガスまたは蒸発ガスを熱交換する少なくとも3つのストリームからなり、冷媒間熱交換を含む構造で設けられてもよい。 In other words, the refrigerant heat exchanger 1274 may consist of at least three streams that exchange heat between compressed refrigerant, refrigerant heated by the subcooling device 126, and liquefied or evaporated gas supplied to the power generation engine 130, and may be provided in a structure that includes heat exchange between refrigerants.
従って、本実施例は、冷媒間熱交換器1275を別に備えないため、冷媒供給部127の構成をコンパクトに減らすことができる。 Therefore, since this embodiment does not include a separate refrigerant heat exchanger 1275, the configuration of the refrigerant supply unit 127 can be made more compact.
参考までに、以下、図11~図13を参照して説明する第8~第10実施例は、バンカリング船舶BVの場合、バンカリング時に移送ポンプ111の作動のために発電エンジン130を十分に稼動しなければならず、ガス推進船舶GFSとは異なって停泊状態で燃料消費量が多いことを考慮し、全体のシステムを効率的に最適化したものである。 For reference, the eighth to tenth embodiments described below with reference to Figures 11 to 13 are designed for bunkering vessels (BVs). In these cases, the power generation engine 130 must be fully operational to power the transfer pump 111 during bunkering. Considering the high fuel consumption in a docked state, unlike gas-propelled vessels (GFSs), the overall system has been efficiently optimized.
以下で各実施例について詳細に説明する。 The following describes each example in detail.
図11は、本発明の第8実施例によるガス処理システムの工程フローチャートである。 Figure 11 is a process flowchart of a gas treatment system according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
図11を参照すると、本発明の第8実施例によるガス処理システムは、上述した実施例に開示された内容と類似して、貯蔵タンク110の液化ガスまたは蒸発ガスを冷媒で冷却してリターンする冷却装置122、126を利用して貯蔵タンク110の内圧を調整するバンカリング管理部120を備える。 Referring to Figure 11, the gas processing system according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention, similar to the embodiments disclosed above, includes a bunkering management unit 120 that adjusts the internal pressure of the storage tank 110 using cooling devices 122 and 126 that cool and return the liquefied gas or evaporated gas in the storage tank 110 with a refrigerant.
本実施例は、液化ガスを過冷却してリターンし貯蔵タンク110が蒸発ガスをさらにもらえるようにする冷却装置122、126の稼動を前提にするか、または燃料タンク210a、210bからリターンされる蒸発ガスを液化してリターンする冷却装置122、126の稼動を前提にして、貯蔵タンク110がガス推進船舶GFSから伝達を受けることができる蒸発ガスの最大リターン量を直接または間接的に導出することができるが、このような蒸発ガスの最大リターン量を、バンカリング時に蒸発ガスリターンラインL2を介して伝達される蒸発ガスの流量未満に設定することができる。 This embodiment assumes the operation of cooling devices 122 and 126 that supercool and return liquefied gas so that the storage tank 110 can receive more evaporated gas, or assumes the operation of cooling devices 122 and 126 that liquefy and return evaporated gas returned from fuel tanks 210a and 210b. The maximum amount of evaporated gas that the storage tank 110 can receive from the gas-propelled vessel GFS can be directly or indirectly derived. This maximum amount of evaporated gas returned can be set to less than the flow rate of evaporated gas transmitted via the evaporated gas return line L2 during bunkering.
即ち、本実施例は、冷却装置122、126を稼動するだけではガス推進船舶GFSからバンカリング船舶BVにリターンされる蒸発ガスを全て消化できないようにすることができる。但し、上述したように、バンカリング船舶BVはガス推進船舶GFSに比べて停泊時の必要電力が大きいという点を考慮して、本実施例は、貯蔵タンク110の蒸発ガスを圧縮して発電エンジン130に供給する蒸発ガス圧縮機121の蒸発ガス処理量と、冷却装置122、126を考慮した貯蔵タンク110の蒸発ガスの最大リターン量の和が、バンカリング時にリターンされる蒸発ガスの流量以上になるようにすることができる。 In other words, this embodiment makes it possible to prevent all of the evaporated gas returned from the gas-propelled vessel GFS to the bunkering vessel BV from being consumed simply by operating the cooling devices 122 and 126. However, considering that the bunkering vessel BV requires more power when docked than the gas-propelled vessel GFS, as mentioned above, this embodiment ensures that the sum of the evaporated gas processing capacity of the evaporated gas compressor 121, which compresses the evaporated gas in the storage tank 110 and supplies it to the power generation engine 130, and the maximum amount of evaporated gas returned from the storage tank 110, taking into account the cooling devices 122 and 126, is greater than or equal to the flow rate of evaporated gas returned during bunkering.
これを纏めると、以下の通りである。 To summarize, the following points can be made:
冷却装置122、126を考慮した最大リターン量<バンカリング時のリターン量<冷却装置122、126を考慮した最大リターン量+圧縮機の処理量 Maximum return amount considering cooling devices 122 and 126 < Return amount during bunkering < Maximum return amount considering cooling devices 122 and 126 + Compressor processing capacity
即ち、本実施例は、バンカリング中に蒸発ガス圧縮機121によって十分な蒸発ガスが発電エンジン130に供給されることを考慮し、冷却装置122、126の諸元を縮小してCAPEXの節減が可能である。但し、蒸発ガス圧縮機121は複数個が並列に設けられて並列運転が可能であってもよく、上記式において圧縮機の処理量は並列の蒸発ガス圧縮機121を全て稼動する場合の処理量であってもよい。 In other words, this embodiment considers that sufficient evaporated gas is supplied to the power generation engine 130 by the evaporative gas compressor 121 during bunkering, and therefore the specifications of the cooling devices 122 and 126 can be reduced, thereby saving CAPEEX. However, multiple evaporative gas compressors 121 may be installed in parallel and operated in parallel, and the processing capacity of the compressors in the above formula may be the processing capacity when all parallel evaporative gas compressors 121 are in operation.
図12は、本発明の第9実施例によるガス処理システムの工程フローチャートである。 Figure 12 is a process flowchart of a gas treatment system according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention.
図12を参照すると、本発明の第9実施例によるガス処理システムは、上述した実施例とは異なる方向で全体のシステムを最適化する。 Referring to Figure 12, the gas treatment system according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention optimizes the overall system in a different way than the embodiments described above.
具体的には、本実施例は、冷却装置122、126を考慮した貯蔵タンク110の蒸発ガスの最大リターン量がバンカリング時の蒸発ガスのリターン流量以上になるようにする。即ち、以下の通りである。 Specifically, this embodiment ensures that the maximum return amount of evaporated gas from the storage tank 110, considering the cooling devices 122 and 126, is equal to or greater than the return flow rate of evaporated gas during bunkering. That is, as follows:
バンカリング時のリターン量<冷却装置122、126を考慮した最大リターン量 Return amount during bunkering < Maximum return amount considering cooling devices 122 and 126
この場合、本実施例は、貯蔵タンク110の蒸発ガスを圧縮して発電エンジン130に供給する蒸発ガス圧縮機121が省略されることができ、その代わりに貯蔵タンク110の液化ガスがポンピング、気化されて発電エンジン130に供給されることができる。 In this case, the evaporative gas compressor 121, which compresses the evaporated gas from the storage tank 110 and supplies it to the power generation engine 130, can be omitted. Instead, the liquefied gas from the storage tank 110 can be pumped, vaporized, and supplied to the power generation engine 130.
即ち、本実施例は、冷却装置122、126の諸元をバンカリング時にリターンされる蒸発ガスの流量がカバーできるようにして蒸発ガス圧縮機121を省略し、全体のシステムを簡単に構成することができる。 In other words, in this embodiment, the specifications of the cooling devices 122 and 126 are set so that the flow rate of the evaporated gas returned during bunkering is covered, thereby omitting the evaporated gas compressor 121 and simplifying the overall system configuration.
図13は、本発明の第10実施例によるガス処理システムの工程フローチャートである。 Figure 13 is a process flowchart of a gas treatment system according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention.
図13を参照すると、本発明の第10実施例によるガス処理システムは、上述した第8、第9実施例とは異なる方向でシステムを最適化した。 Referring to Figure 13, the gas treatment system according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention optimizes the system in a different way than the eighth and ninth embodiments described above.
具体的には、本実施例は、第9実施例と類似して、冷却装置122、126を考慮した貯蔵タンク110の蒸発ガスの最大リターン量がバンカリング時の蒸発ガスのリターン流量以上になるようにしながら、貯蔵タンク110の蒸発ガスが発電エンジン130に供給されるようにすることができ、以下のようにまとめられる。 Specifically, this embodiment, similar to the ninth embodiment, ensures that the maximum return amount of evaporated gas from the storage tank 110, considering the cooling devices 122 and 126, is greater than or equal to the return flow rate of evaporated gas during bunkering, while simultaneously supplying the evaporated gas from the storage tank 110 to the power generation engine 130. This can be summarized as follows:
バンカリング時のリターン量<冷却装置122、126を考慮した最大リターン量<冷却装置122、126を考慮した最大リターン量+圧縮機の処理量 Bunkering return amount < Maximum return amount considering cooling devices 122 and 126 < Maximum return amount considering cooling devices 122 and 126 + Compressor processing amount
但し、本実施例は、貯蔵タンク110の蒸発ガスを圧縮して発電エンジン130に供給する蒸発ガス圧縮機121が単独で設けられるようにすることができる。即ち、蒸発ガス圧縮機121が互いにバックアップ可能な第8実施例とは異なり、本実施例は蒸発ガス圧縮機121間のバックアップは不可能である。 However, in this embodiment, the evaporative gas compressor 121, which compresses the evaporative gas from the storage tank 110 and supplies it to the power generation engine 130, can be provided independently. That is, unlike the eighth embodiment, in which the evaporative gas compressors 121 can back up each other, in this embodiment, backup between the evaporative gas compressors 121 is not possible.
しかし、本実施例は、既に冷却装置122、126を考慮した蒸発ガスの最大リターン量がバンカリング時の蒸発ガスのリターン流量を超えるように構成されるため、蒸発ガス圧縮機121間のバックアップを保障する必要がない。 However, in this embodiment, since the maximum return amount of evaporated gas, taking into account the cooling devices 122 and 126, is already configured to exceed the return flow rate of evaporated gas during bunkering, there is no need to guarantee backup between the evaporated gas compressors 121.
但し、発電エンジン130への燃料供給をバックアップするために、本実施例は蒸発ガスまたは液化ガスのうち少なくとも何れか1つが発電エンジン130に供給できるように設けて、蒸発ガスの供給が液化ガスの供給でバックアップされるようにすることができる。 However, in order to back up the fuel supply to the power generation engine 130, this embodiment can be configured so that at least one of either evaporated gas or liquefied gas can be supplied to the power generation engine 130, and the supply of evaporated gas can be backed up by the supply of liquefied gas.
このように、本実施例は、バンカリング時にリターンされる蒸発ガスは十分に処理できるようにしながら、蒸発ガス圧縮機121を単独で構成するが、液化ガスで燃料供給をバックアップするように構成することで、設置及び運用費用を節減することができる。 Thus, in this embodiment, while the evaporated gas returned during bunkering is adequately processed, the evaporated gas compressor 121 is configured independently. However, by configuring it to back up fuel supply with liquefied gas, installation and operating costs can be reduced.
本発明は、上述した実施例の他にも上記実施例のうち少なくとも2以上の組み合わせまたは少なくとも1つ以上の上記実施例と公知技術の組み合わせによって発生する実施例を全て包括する。 This invention encompasses all embodiments arising from combinations of at least two of the above embodiments, or combinations of at least one of the above embodiments with known technologies, in addition to the embodiments described above.
以上、本発明を具体的な実施例を通じて詳細に説明したが、これは本発明を具体的に説明するためのもので、本発明はこれに限定されず、本発明の技術的思想内で当該分野の通常の知識を有する者によってその変形や改良が可能であることは明らかである。 The present invention has been described in detail above through specific embodiments. However, this is merely for illustrative purposes and is not limited thereto. It is clear that modifications and improvements can be made within the technical framework of the present invention by those with ordinary skill in the art.
本発明の単純な変形ないし変更は全て本発明の範囲に属し、本発明の具体的な保護範囲は添付の特許請求の範囲によって明確になるだろう。 Any simple modifications or alterations of the present invention fall within the scope of the invention, and the specific scope of protection of the present invention will be clarified by the appended claims.
BV バンカリング船舶
GFS ガス推進船舶
110 貯蔵タンク
111 移送ポンプ
112 燃料供給ポンプ
113 気化器
120 バンカリング管理部
121 蒸発ガス圧縮機
121a 低圧圧縮機
121b ブースト圧縮機
121c 高圧圧縮機
122 再液化装置、冷却装置
123 圧力調整弁、減圧弁
124 気液分離器
125 蒸発ガス熱交換器
126 過冷却装置、冷却装置
127 冷媒供給部
130 発電エンジン
140 ガス燃焼装置
210a、210b 燃料タンク
220 燃料処理部
230 推進エンジン
L1 バンカリングライン
L2 蒸発ガスリターンライン
L3 圧力調整ライン
L4 蒸発ガス消費ライン
L5 液化ガス消費ライン
L6 ガス供給ライン
L7 冷媒循環ライン
BV Bunkering Vessel GFS Gas Propulsion Vessel 110 Storage Tank 111 Transfer Pump 112 Fuel Supply Pump 113 Vaporizer 120 Bunkering Management Unit 121 Evaporative Gas Compressor 121a Low-Pressure Compressor 121b Boost Compressor 121c High-Pressure Compressor 122 Reliquefaction Device, Cooling Device 123 Pressure Regulating Valve, Pressure Reducing Valve 124 Gas-Liquid Separator 125 Evaporative Gas Heat Exchanger 126 Subcooling Device, Cooling Device 127 Refrigerant Supply Unit 130 Power Generation Engine 140 Gas Combustion Devices 210a, 210b Fuel Tank 220 Fuel Processing Unit 230 Propulsion Engine L1 Bunkering Line L2 Evaporative Gas Return Line L3 Pressure Regulating Line L4 Evaporative Gas Consumption Line L5 Liquefied Gas Consumption Line L6 Gas Supply Line L7 Refrigerant Circulation Line
Claims (16)
前記貯蔵タンクの液化ガスを前記燃料タンクに供給するバンカリングラインと、
前記貯蔵タンクの蒸発ガスを冷媒で過冷却してリターンして前記貯蔵タンクの内圧を調整するバンカリング管理部と、
前記バンカリングラインを介したバンカリング時に前記燃料タンクで発生する蒸発ガスを前記バンカリング船舶に伝達する蒸発ガスリターンラインと、を含み、
前記バンカリング管理部は、
液化ガスを冷媒で過冷却させる過冷却装置と、
前記過冷却装置に冷媒を供給する冷媒供給部と、
蒸発ガスを液化する再液化装置と、を含み、
バンカリング前に前記貯蔵タンクの内圧を既設定圧以下に下げ、バンカリング時に前記貯蔵タンクの内圧を前記燃料タンクの内圧未満に保持するようにバンカリング時に前記蒸発ガスリターンラインを介して伝達される蒸発ガスを再液化して前記貯蔵タンクに復帰させ、前記蒸発ガスリターンラインを介して蒸発ガスが別の圧縮機による圧縮なしに伝達されるようにすることを特徴とするガス処理システム。 A gas processing system for transferring liquefied gas from a storage tank on a bunkering vessel to a C-type fuel tank on a gas-propelled vessel,
A bunkering line that supplies the liquefied gas from the storage tank to the fuel tank,
A bunkering management unit adjusts the internal pressure of the storage tank by supercooling the evaporated gas from the storage tank with a refrigerant and returning it,
Includes an evaporative gas return line that transmits evaporated gas generated in the fuel tank during bunkering via the bunkering line to the bunkering vessel,
The aforementioned bunkering management unit,
A supercooling device that supercools liquefied gas with a refrigerant,
A refrigerant supply unit that supplies refrigerant to the aforementioned subcooling device,
Includes a reliquefaction device that liquefies evaporated gas,
A gas processing system characterized by lowering the internal pressure of the storage tank to below a predetermined pressure before bunkering, maintaining the internal pressure of the storage tank below the internal pressure of the fuel tank during bunkering, reliquefying the evaporated gas transmitted through the evaporated gas return line during bunkering and returning it to the storage tank, and ensuring that the evaporated gas is transmitted through the evaporated gas return line without compression by another compressor.
前記既設定圧は0.04barGまたは0.2barGであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のガス処理システム。 The storage tank is a membrane type or a C-type tank.
The gas processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the aforementioned pre-set pressure is 0.04 barG or 0.2 barG.
バンカリング前の内圧が第1圧力で、バンカリング時に液化ガスの流入によって内圧が下降する前記燃料タンクにバンカリングする場合、バンカリング前及びバンカリング時の前記貯蔵タンクの内圧を前記燃料タンクのバンカリング完了時の内圧以下にすることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のガス処理システム。 The aforementioned bunkering management unit,
The gas treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, when bunkering is performed on a fuel tank in which the internal pressure before bunkering is a first pressure and the internal pressure decreases due to the inflow of liquefied gas during bunkering, the internal pressure of the storage tank before and during bunkering is set to be less than or equal to the internal pressure of the fuel tank at the time of completion of bunkering.
バンカリング前の内圧が第2圧力で、バンカリング時に蒸発ガスの発生によって内圧が上昇する前記燃料タンクにバンカリングする場合、バンカリング前及びバンカリング時の前記貯蔵タンクの内圧を前記燃料タンクのバンカリング開始時の内圧以下にすることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のガス処理システム。 The aforementioned bunkering management unit,
The gas treatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that, when bunkering is performed on a fuel tank where the internal pressure before bunkering is the second pressure and the internal pressure rises due to the generation of evaporated gas during bunkering, the internal pressure of the storage tank before and during bunkering is kept below the internal pressure of the fuel tank at the start of bunkering.
前記第2圧力は、前記既設定圧対比と比べて0.05bar~0.1bar大きい値より小さい圧力であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載のガス処理システム。 The first pressure is equal to or greater than a value that is 0.05 bar to 0.1 bar greater than the previously set pressure.
The gas treatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that the second pressure is less than a value 0.05 bar to 0.1 bar greater than the previously set pressure.
前記第2圧力は0.5barG以下であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載のガス処理システム。 The first pressure is 0.5 barG to 8 barG.
The gas treatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that the second pressure is 0.5 barG or less.
前記貯蔵タンクの液化ガスを前記燃料タンクに供給するバンカリングラインと、
前記貯蔵タンクの蒸発ガスを冷媒との熱交換なしに圧縮、冷却、減圧してリターンすることで前記貯蔵タンクの内圧を調整するバンカリング管理部と、
前記バンカリングラインを介したバンカリング時に前記燃料タンクで発生する蒸発ガスを前記バンカリング船舶に伝達する蒸発ガスリターンラインと、を含み、
前記貯蔵タンクはメンブレン型またはC型のタンクであり、
前記バンカリング管理部は、
バンカリング前に前記貯蔵タンクの内圧を既設定圧以下に下げ、
バンカリング時に前記蒸発ガスリターンラインを介した蒸発ガスの伝達を遮断して一定時点まで前記燃料タンクが蓄圧されるようにして前記燃料タンクの内圧を上昇させ、前記貯蔵タンクの内圧を前記燃料タンクの内圧未満に保持して前記蒸発ガスリターンラインを介して蒸発ガスが別の圧縮機による圧縮なしに伝達されるようにすることを特徴とするガス処理システム。 A gas processing system for transferring liquefied gas from a storage tank on a bunkering vessel to a fuel tank on a gas-propelled vessel,
A bunkering line that supplies the liquefied gas from the storage tank to the fuel tank,
A bunkering management unit adjusts the internal pressure of the storage tank by compressing, cooling, and depressurizing the evaporated gas from the storage tank without heat exchange with the refrigerant and returning it.
Includes an evaporative gas return line that transmits evaporated gas generated in the fuel tank during bunkering via the bunkering line to the bunkering vessel,
The storage tank is a membrane type or a C-type tank.
The aforementioned bunkering management unit,
Before bunkering, the internal pressure of the storage tank is reduced to below the previously set pressure.
A gas processing system characterized by blocking the transmission of evaporated gas through the evaporated gas return line during bunkering, thereby increasing the internal pressure of the fuel tank by allowing it to accumulate pressure up to a certain point in time, and maintaining the internal pressure of the storage tank below the internal pressure of the fuel tank so that evaporated gas is transmitted through the evaporated gas return line without compression by another compressor.
前記蒸発ガスリターンラインは、前記貯蔵タンクと前記蒸発ガス熱交換器の間に蒸発ガスを伝達することを特徴とする請求項8に記載のガス処理システム。 The bunkering management unit includes an evaporative gas heat exchanger that exchanges heat between compressed evaporative gas and evaporative gas discharged from the storage tank.
The gas treatment system according to claim 8 , characterized in that the evaporative gas return line transmits evaporative gas between the storage tank and the evaporative gas heat exchanger.
前記蒸発ガス熱交換器を経由または迂回して前記貯蔵タンクと前記蒸発ガス熱交換器の間に蒸発ガスを伝達するように設けられることを特徴とする請求項10に記載のガス処理システム。 The aforementioned evaporative gas return line is
The gas processing system according to claim 10, characterized in that it is provided to transmit evaporated gas between the storage tank and the evaporated gas heat exchanger via or around the evaporated gas heat exchanger.
並列に設けられ、前記貯蔵タンクの蒸発ガスを圧縮して発電エンジンに供給する複数個の低圧圧縮機と、
前記低圧圧縮機と前記発電エンジンの間で分岐された位置に設けられ、余剰の蒸発ガスを150barG以上に圧縮する多段のブースト圧縮機と、
前記ブースト圧縮機で圧縮された蒸発ガスを減圧して液化する減圧弁と、を含み、
前記蒸発ガス熱交換器は、
前記ブースト圧縮機と前記減圧弁の間で高圧の蒸発ガスを前記貯蔵タンクから排出される蒸発ガスで冷却することを特徴とする請求項10に記載のガス処理システム。 The aforementioned bunkering management unit,
Multiple low-pressure compressors are arranged in parallel and compress the evaporated gas from the storage tank and supply it to the power generation engine,
A multi-stage boost compressor is provided at a branching point between the low-pressure compressor and the power generation engine, and compresses the excess evaporated gas to 150 barG or more.
The system includes a pressure reducing valve that reduces the pressure of the evaporated gas compressed by the boost compressor and liquefies it,
The aforementioned evaporative gas heat exchanger is
The gas treatment system according to claim 10, characterized in that the high-pressure evaporated gas between the boost compressor and the pressure reducing valve is cooled with evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank.
バンカリング前に前記貯蔵タンクの内圧を既設定圧以下に下げるために、複数個の前記低圧圧縮機を並列運転して前記貯蔵タンクの蒸発ガスを吸引することを特徴とする請求項12に記載のガス処理システム。 The aforementioned bunkering management unit,
The gas treatment system according to claim 12, characterized in that a plurality of low-pressure compressors are operated in parallel to suck out evaporated gas from the storage tank in order to lower the internal pressure of the storage tank to a predetermined pressure or lower before bunkering.
前記貯蔵タンクの蒸発ガスを圧縮して発電エンジンに供給する低圧圧縮機と、
前記低圧圧縮機と並列に設けられ、前記貯蔵タンクの蒸発ガスを150barG以上に圧縮する多段の高圧圧縮機と、
前記高圧圧縮機で圧縮された蒸発ガスを減圧して液化する減圧弁と、を含み、
前記蒸発ガス熱交換器は、
前記高圧圧縮機と前記減圧弁の間で高圧の蒸発ガスを前記貯蔵タンクから排出される蒸発ガスで冷却し、
前記高圧圧縮機は中間段の蒸発ガスを前記発電エンジンに供給することを特徴とする請求項10に記載のガス処理システム。 The aforementioned bunkering management unit,
A low-pressure compressor that compresses the evaporated gas from the storage tank and supplies it to the power generation engine,
A multi-stage high-pressure compressor is provided in parallel with the low-pressure compressor and compresses the evaporated gas from the storage tank to 150 bar G or more.
The system includes a pressure reducing valve that reduces the pressure of the evaporated gas compressed by the high-pressure compressor and liquefies it,
The aforementioned evaporative gas heat exchanger is
Between the high-pressure compressor and the pressure reducing valve, the high-pressure evaporated gas is cooled with the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank.
The gas treatment system according to claim 10, characterized in that the high-pressure compressor supplies the intermediate stage evaporated gas to the power generation engine.
前記貯蔵タンクの液化ガスの貯蔵量に応じて前記低圧圧縮機と前記高圧圧縮機を独立的に運転することを特徴とする請求項14に記載のガス処理システム。 The aforementioned bunkering management unit,
The gas treatment system according to claim 14, characterized in that the low-pressure compressor and the high-pressure compressor are operated independently according to the amount of liquefied gas stored in the storage tank.
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR10-2018-0040580 | 2018-04-06 | ||
| KR20180040580 | 2018-04-06 | ||
| KR20180111828 | 2018-09-18 | ||
| KR10-2018-0111828 | 2018-09-18 | ||
| JP2021503688A JP7548898B2 (en) | 2018-04-06 | 2019-04-08 | Gas processing system and vessel containing same |
| PCT/KR2019/004166 WO2019194670A1 (en) | 2018-04-06 | 2019-04-08 | Gas treatment system and ship including same |
| JP2022173486A JP7677935B2 (en) | 2018-04-06 | 2022-10-28 | Gas processing system and vessel containing same |
Related Parent Applications (1)
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| KR (5) | KR102162150B1 (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111918817A (en) * | 2018-04-06 | 2020-11-10 | 韩国造船海洋株式会社 | Gas treatment system and ship comprising same |
| KR102808417B1 (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2025-05-19 | 한화오션 주식회사 | Fuel storage system for ship |
| JP6838230B1 (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2021-03-03 | 株式会社三井E&Sマシナリー | Maintenance management system for marine compressors |
| KR102503180B1 (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2023-02-24 | 한국조선해양 주식회사 | Bunkering Vessel |
| KR102469960B1 (en) * | 2021-04-05 | 2022-11-28 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | Bunkering Vessel |
| KR102594024B1 (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2023-10-26 | 한화오션 주식회사 | Fuel Supply System And Method For Ship |
| KR102661208B1 (en) * | 2022-02-09 | 2024-04-29 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | Fuel providing system of ship |
| KR102728117B1 (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2024-11-12 | 에이치디한국조선해양 주식회사 | Gas treatment system and ship having the same |
| KR102688599B1 (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2024-07-26 | 에이치디한국조선해양 주식회사 | Gas treatment system |
| US20250180283A1 (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2025-06-05 | Hd Korea Shipbuilding & Offshore Engineering Co., Ltd. | Gas treatment system and ship including same |
| JP2024007094A (en) | 2022-07-05 | 2024-01-18 | 三菱造船株式会社 | Floating body, gas pressure control method |
| JP2024008206A (en) | 2022-07-07 | 2024-01-19 | 三菱造船株式会社 | Bunker equipment, bunker ship, bunker system, and liquefied gas supply method |
| JP7539440B2 (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2024-08-23 | 三菱造船株式会社 | Bunker float, liquefied gas supply method |
| JP7554800B2 (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2024-09-20 | 株式会社三井E&S | Ammonia cooling system and ammonia cooling method |
| JP2024094965A (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2024-07-10 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Liquefied hydrogen facility |
| KR20240136044A (en) | 2023-03-06 | 2024-09-13 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | Liquefied hydrogen bunkering system |
| KR20240136497A (en) | 2023-03-06 | 2024-09-19 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | Liquefied hydrogen bunkering system |
| EP4699918A1 (en) * | 2023-04-18 | 2026-02-25 | Hanwha Ocean Co., Ltd. | Carbon dioxide reliquefaction system and carbon dioxide reliquefaction method which use closed cycle |
| CN116928580B (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2024-12-17 | 中山先进低温技术研究院 | Liquid helium container precooling and filling system |
| WO2025197085A1 (en) * | 2024-03-22 | 2025-09-25 | 日本郵船株式会社 | Ship and method for use in ship |
| WO2025197084A1 (en) * | 2024-03-22 | 2025-09-25 | 日本郵船株式会社 | Ship and method for use in ship |
| JP2026055575A (en) * | 2024-09-18 | 2026-03-31 | 株式会社前川製作所 | Liquefaction system |
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- 2019-04-08 JP JP2021503688A patent/JP7548898B2/en active Active
- 2019-04-08 SG SG11202009864UA patent/SG11202009864UA/en unknown
- 2019-04-08 KR KR1020190041081A patent/KR102162150B1/en active Active
- 2019-04-08 KR KR1020190041087A patent/KR102162168B1/en active Active
- 2019-04-08 KR KR1020190041079A patent/KR102162166B1/en active Active
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| JP2021517878A (en) | 2021-07-29 |
| KR102162164B1 (en) | 2020-10-06 |
| KR102162165B1 (en) | 2020-10-06 |
| WO2019194670A1 (en) | 2019-10-10 |
| JP7548898B2 (en) | 2024-09-10 |
| SG11202009864UA (en) | 2020-11-27 |
| KR20190117405A (en) | 2019-10-16 |
| KR102162168B1 (en) | 2020-10-06 |
| KR20190117403A (en) | 2019-10-16 |
| JP7677935B2 (en) | 2025-05-15 |
| KR102162166B1 (en) | 2020-10-06 |
| JP2024117812A (en) | 2024-08-29 |
| KR102162150B1 (en) | 2020-10-06 |
| CN111918817A (en) | 2020-11-10 |
| KR20190117406A (en) | 2019-10-16 |
| JP2022187023A (en) | 2022-12-15 |
| WO2019194670A8 (en) | 2020-11-05 |
| KR20190117402A (en) | 2019-10-16 |
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