JPH0210272B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a method for melt-proofing synthetic fibers using melamine derivatives. One of the common drawbacks of synthetic fibers is that they are easily perforated or deteriorated by contact with cigarette smoke, spark powder, etc., which not only reduces their commercial value but also poses a great danger to the human body. . From this point of view, there have been requests from various quarters for synthetic fibers to have melt-proofing properties. Conventional methods for melt-proofing synthetic fibers include the method described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 12479/1983, in which a mixed aqueous solution of a melamine derivative and an inorganic acid, an organic acid, or a salt thereof is applied and then heat-treated in the presence of moisture; A method described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-32760, in which an anionic surfactant is added to the mixed aqueous solution, is known.
Although the fibers obtained by these methods have melt-proofing properties, they have drawbacks such as a change in the hue of the processed fabric, so-called whitening phenomenon. In addition, a method described in JP-A-54-93198 in which heat treatment is performed without a catalyst using an aqueous solution containing a melamine derivative is known, but although the whitening phenomenon is alleviated, the adhesion and the reproducibility of the processing method are poor. Unfortunately, unless high-pressure treatment is used, the treatment takes a very long time, and in order to obtain a washing-resistant and melt-proofing effect, a large amount of adhesion is required, making it impossible to obtain a product with a good texture. Ta.
Also known is a method described in JP-A-54-106692, in which heat treatment is performed without a catalyst with an aqueous solution containing a melamine derivative and a water-soluble polymer compound such as polyvinyl alcohol or a cellulose derivative; It also has the drawbacks of poor processing reproducibility, poor melt-proofing effect even though it can impart hydrophilicity, and the same drawbacks as the method described in JP-A-54-9319 because it does not require a catalyst. I have it too. As a result of intensive research, the present inventors have completed a method for melt-proofing synthetic fibers that does not have these drawbacks. An object of the present invention is to provide an industrially easy and inexpensive processing method that can impart excellent anti-fusing properties with good washing resistance to synthetic fibers with good reproducibility without causing the so-called whitening phenomenon. The method of the present invention comprises: (i) a melamine derivative; (ii) a hydrophilic polymer consisting of at least one of polyacrylic acid and polymethacrylic acid; and at least one of water-soluble salts of polyacrylic acid and polymethacrylic acid; A treatment liquid containing no catalyst at a weight ratio of 100:5 to 40 is applied to synthetic fibers,
It is characterized by moist heat treatment. Synthetic fibers applicable to the present invention include polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, acrylic fibers, polyolefin fibers, etc., and these can be used in any form such as cotton, yarn, woven or knitted fabrics, or nonwoven fabrics. Further, these synthetic fibers can be used by blending, interweaving, or interweaving with each other or with non-thermofusible fibers such as natural fibers. The melamine derivatives applicable to the present invention include commonly known melamine derivatives, such as hexamethylolmelamine, pentamethylolmelamine,
Examples include methylol derivatives such as trimethylolmelamine, hexakismethoxymethylolmelamine, trismethoxymethylolmelamine, trismethoxymethylmelamine, dimethylolmelamine, and bismethoxymethylmethylolmelamine. Among these, hexamethylolmelamine, pentamethylolmelamine, and trimethylolmelamine are particularly preferred. In the present invention, water-soluble salts thereof are used in combination with polyacrylic acid and/or polymethacrylic acid, and typical examples of these salts include:
Mention may be made of alkali metal salts and ammonium salts. Note that as the hydrophilic polymer such as polyacrylic acid, not only linear polymers but also crosslinked and branched polymers can be used. Regarding the degree of polymerization of the hydrophilic polymer, for example, one with a solid content of 40% and a viscosity of 20,000 cps or less, preferably 2,000 cps or less is easy to use.
It is not limited to this. The treatment liquid in the method of the invention is usually an aqueous solution. The concentration of the melamine derivative in the treatment solution varies depending on the texture of the target fiber, processing conditions, type and concentration of polyacrylic acid, etc., but is usually 3 to 20% by weight, preferably 5 to 15% by weight. . The concentration of the hydrophilic polymer also varies depending on the conditions mentioned above, but it is usually 0.1
-10% by weight, preferably 0.5-5% by weight. The amount of hydrophilic polymer such as polyacrylic acid is usually 5 to 40 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of melamine derivative in the treatment solution.
It is preferably used in an amount of 10 to 35 parts by weight. When used within this range, the anti-whitening effect and the washing durability of anti-melting properties are significantly improved. Note that it is easier to use the treatment liquid at room temperature in terms of operation. A surfactant may be added to the treatment liquid of the present invention, and anionic surfactants are particularly preferred as the surfactant. The anionic surfactant promotes the formation of a film formed by a hydrophilic polymer such as a melamine derivative and polyacrylic acid, and a nonionic surfactant may be used in combination to promote permeability. Anionic surfactants include: Soap, carboxylic acid anion activator of sarcosinate, higher alcohol sulfate ester salt,
Sulfated oil, sulfated fatty acid ester, sulfate ester salt-based anion activator such as sulfated olefin, sulfonic acid-based anion activator such as alkylbenzene sulfonate, alkylnaphthalene sulfonate, lignin sulfonate, higher alcohol phosphorus These include acid ester salts and phosphate ester-based anion activators. These active agents are usually used in an amount of 0.01 to 1% by weight. The treatment liquid can be applied to the fibers by any suitable method such as a pad method, a dyeing method, a spraying method, or a coating method. The fibers coated with the treatment liquid are then subjected to a moist heat treatment without drying. Moist heat treatment is usually performed at a temperature of 60~
The temperature is 180℃, preferably 95 to 160℃, and the treatment time varies depending on the treatment temperature and treatment liquid composition, but is usually 3 to 160℃.
180 minutes, preferably 5 to 60 minutes. After that, soaping, washing with water, drying, finish setting, etc. are carried out in accordance with conventional methods to obtain the final product. If necessary, during finishing setting, water and oil repellent treatment with fluorine resin, water repellent treatment with silicone resin, and other electrostatic charges are applied. A treatment with a treatment agent such as a prevention treatment may be performed. As described above, according to the method of the present invention, it is possible to easily impart excellent melt resistance with wash resistance to synthetic fiber products without causing dullness of hue,
Furthermore, it can be finished flexibly without hardening the texture due to processing. Polyacrylic acid and the like are crosslinked with melamine derivatives, contributing to prevention of whitening, improvement of texture, and improvement of washing durability due to anti-melting effect. Next, examples of the present invention will be shown. The test results in Examples are based on the following method. Resin adhesion rate Indicates the weight increase rate of treated fabric compared to untreated fabric. Hue Change The color difference ΔE between treated and untreated fabrics measured using a spectrophotometer is shown. Melting Resistance (1) Glass Ball Test A glass hollow sphere weighing 1.5 g and having a diameter of 1.5 cm is placed in a crucible with a diameter of 3 cm and heated in an electric furnace. When heated to a predetermined temperature, the whole crucible is taken out and the glass bulb is dropped onto a cloth. Indicates the minimum heating temperature required for the glass hollow sphere to melt the cloth and fall to the bottom. (2) Cigarette contact test Hold a lit cigarette vertically against a cloth under its own weight and observe the condition after contact for 30 seconds. The numbers indicate the size (diameter) of the melt pores. The numbers in parentheses indicate the size (diameter) of the focus. Water Absorption: 0.03cc of water is dropped and the time required for the water droplets to disappear is shown. In addition, the washing durability of melt-proofing property and water absorption property was tested at the same time, and the washing conditions were as follows. Washing machine: Hitachi PF2000 Aozora manufactured by Hitachi, standard cycle (12 minutes for washing and 15 minutes for other operations, total 25 minutes). Washing sample weight: 720g Amount of detergent: 36g Amount of water: 36 Temperature: 40°C Number of washes: 10 times Example 1 Table 1 shows polyester gear bagine (fabric weight 218 g/m ² ) dyed navy blue with a disperse dye using a conventional method. The treatment solution with the composition shown in is padded to 100% by weight, and the relative humidity is 98% and the temperature is 102℃ without drying.
Steam treatment was carried out for 10 minutes in the steam of 100 ml, followed by soaping treatment at 80° C. for 10 minutes using 2 g of nonionic surfactant and drying. The resin adhesion rate, color difference, water absorption, and melt resistance of the treated fabric were measured. The results are shown in Table 2 along with the stability of the treatment liquid. Nos. 1 and 6 in Table 1 are hydrophilic polymers that do not contain salts of polyacrylic acid and polymethacrylic acid, and comparative examples Nos. 8 to 10 are steam-treated at a relative humidity of 95%. The treatment was carried out in the same manner as above, except that the temperature was changed to 130°C and the time was changed to 60 minutes. Also, No.11
For No. 10, 1% by weight of ammonium persulfate was added to the treatment solution of No. 10, and for No. 12, polyacrylic acid was added to the treatment solution of No. 11, and the subsequent treatments were carried out in the same manner as in the examples of the present invention. The test results for the product obtained in the Corner Comparative Example are shown in Table 2 together with the test results for the untreated fabric.

【table】

【table】

[Table] As shown in the results in Tables 1 and 2, in the examples of the present invention, melamine derivatives and polyacrylic acid reacted even under steaming at normal pressure without using a catalyst such as ammonium persulfate. It imparts melt-proofing properties with almost no dullness to the polyester color, and also has good washing durability. The water absorbency of well-processed products deteriorates after washing, so don't expect much from them. In Comparative Examples Nos. 1 and 6, excellent anti-melting effects could be obtained, but the stability of the treatment liquid was poor, and they lacked practicality. Comparative example No. 8~
In No. 10, despite steaming at 130°C for 60 minutes, the amount of adhesion was small and the anti-melting effect was poor, so it was necessary to significantly increase the amount of melamine derivative used. As shown in Comparative Example No. 11, when a catalyst is added, adhesion is improved, and anti-melting properties and water absorption properties are obtained, but the anti-melting effect and whitening phenomenon are inferior to the examples of the present invention. Further, as shown in Comparative Example No. 12, even if a melamine derivative and polyacrylic acid were used in combination, when a catalyst was used in combination, sufficient effects on melt-proofing properties and whitening phenomenon could not be obtained. Example 2 The method of Example 1 was applied to a nylon knitted fabric (basis weight 340 g/m ² ).
100% by weight of No. 3 machining liquid was applied and the relative humidity was 98%.
Heat treatment was performed at 100°C for 10 minutes, unreacted compounds were washed off by soaping, and the mixture was dried. The treated fabric had no dull color, no openings were observed in the cigarette contact test, and the stain was small. On the other hand, in the untreated cloth, 3 mm pores were observed after 5 seconds of contact, and 7 mm pores were observed after 10 seconds of contact.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A hydrophilic polymer comprising (i) a melamine derivative, (ii) at least one of polyacrylic acid and polymethacrylic acid, and at least one of water-soluble salts of polyacrylic acid and polymethacrylic acid. A treatment liquid containing no catalyst at a weight ratio of 100:5 to 40 is applied to synthetic fibers,
A melt-proof processing method for synthetic fibers characterized by wet heat treatment. 2. The processing method according to claim 1, wherein the treatment liquid contains a surfactant. 3. The processing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the melamine derivative is a methylol derivative of melamine. 4 Claim 3 in which the methylol derivative of melamine is hexamethylolmelamine, pentamethylolmelamine or trimethylolmelamine
Processing method described in section. 5. The processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the salts of polyacrylic acid and polymethacrylic acid are alkali metal salts or ammonium salts.