JPS6143469B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a method for melt-proofing synthetic fibers using melamine derivatives. One of the common drawbacks of synthetic fibers is that they are easily perforated or deteriorated by contact with cigarette smoke, spark powder, etc., which not only reduces their commercial value but also poses a great danger to the human body. . From this point of view, there have been requests from various quarters for synthetic fibers to have melt-proofing properties. Conventional methods for melt-proofing synthetic fibers include the method described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 12479/1983, in which a mixed aqueous solution of a melamine derivative and an inorganic acid, an organic acid, or a salt thereof is applied and then heat-treated in the presence of moisture; A method described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-32760, in which an anionic surfactant is added to the mixed aqueous solution, is known. Although the fibers obtained by these methods have melt-proofing properties, they have disadvantages such as a lack of stability of the processing liquid and a change in the hue of the processed fabric, so-called whitening phenomenon. In addition, JP-A No. 54-93198 heat-treated with an aqueous solution containing a melamine derivative without a catalyst.
The method described in the above publication is also known, but although this method alleviates the whitening phenomenon, it requires high-pressure equipment for processing, takes a long time, and has poor workability.Moreover, if the amount applied is small, it is difficult to prevent the problem. It has the disadvantage of poor washing resistance due to the melting effect. As a result of intensive research, the present inventors have completed a method for melt-proofing synthetic fibers that does not have these drawbacks. The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the so-called whitening phenomenon,
Synthetic fibers with excellent wash resistance and melt resistance,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a processing method that is industrially easy and inexpensive. In the method of the present invention, a treatment liquid containing aqueous ammonia, ammonium chloride, melamine derivatives, and at least one hydrophilic polymer selected from the group consisting of polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, and salts thereof is applied to synthetic fibers. After that, it is characterized by being subjected to moist heat treatment. Synthetic fibers applicable to the present invention include polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, acrylic fibers, polyolefin fibers, and the like, and these can be used in any form such as cotton, yarn, woven or knitted fabrics, or nonwoven fabrics. These synthetic fibers can also be used by blending, interweaving, or interweaving with each other or with non-thermofusible fibers such as natural fibers. The ammonia water used in the present invention has a concentration of about 25% (weight percent), which is commonly used, and is sufficient. The salts of polyacrylic acid and polymethacrylic acid applied to the present invention are water-soluble salts, and are preferably alkali metal salts or ammonium salts. As the hydrophilic polymer, not only linear polymers but also crosslinked and branched polymers can be used. Regarding the degree of polymerization of polyacrylic acid, for example, one having a solid content of 40% and a viscosity of 20,000 cps or less, preferably 2,000 cps or less is easy to use, but it is not limited to this. The melamine derivatives applicable to the present invention include commonly known melamine derivatives, such as hexamethylolmelamine, pentamethylolmelamine,
Examples include methylol derivatives such as trimethylolmelamine, hexakismethoxymethylolmelamine, trismethoxymethylolmelamine, trismethoxymethylmelamine, dimethylolmelamine, and bismethoxymethylolmelamine. Among these, it is particularly preferable to use hexamethylolmelamine, pentamethylolmelamine, and trimethylolmelamine. In the method of the present invention, aqueous ammonia, ammonium chloride, melamine derivatives and hydrophilic polymers are usually applied to synthetic fibers as aqueous solutions. The concentration of the melamine derivative in the treatment solution depends on the texture of the target fiber or processing conditions, the type of hydrophilic polymer,
Although it varies depending on the concentration etc., it is usually 3 to 20% by weight, preferably 5 to 15% by weight. The concentration of the hydrophilic polymer also varies depending on the conditions mentioned above, but it is usually 0.1 to 10% by weight.
0.5 to 5% by weight is suitable. Ammonium chloride is usually used in an amount of about 0.1 to 5% by weight. Aqueous ammonia is usually used in an aqueous solution with a concentration of 25% and is used in an amount of about 0.15 to 7.5% by weight, but it is preferable to use the ratio of ammonium chloride to 25% ammonia water in a ratio of 1:1.5 in order to promote stability of the solution. The hydrophilic polymer is usually used in an amount of 5 to 40 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 35 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the melamine derivative compound in the treatment liquid. In addition, it is easy to use the aqueous solution at room temperature. The treatment liquid of the present invention can be applied by the pad method, dipping method, spray method,
It can be applied to synthetic fibers by any suitable means such as a coating method. The synthetic fibers to which the treatment liquid has been applied are then subjected to a moist heat treatment without drying. Moist heat treatment is usually performed using steam heat. The moist heat treatment is usually performed at a temperature of 60 to 180°C, preferably 95 to 160°C, and the treatment time varies depending on the treatment temperature, but is usually 3 to 180 minutes, preferably 5 to 160°C.
It is 60 minutes. Next, soaping, washing with water, drying, finishing setting, etc. are performed in accordance with conventional methods to obtain the final product. If necessary, water and oil repellent treatment with fluorine resin, water repellent treatment with silicone resin, etc. is applied during finishing setting. Other processing agents such as antistatic processing may also be performed. According to the method of the present invention, it is possible to easily obtain synthetic fiber products with excellent wash resistance and melt resistance without dulling of hue, and without hardening of texture due to processing. Products can be finished flexibly. In the method of the present invention, a hydrophilic polymer such as polyacrylic acid is crosslinked with a melamine derivative, which is thought to contribute to prevention of whitening, improvement of texture, and improvement of melt resistance and washing resistance. Next, examples of the present invention will be shown. The test results shown in the Examples are based on the following method. Stability of the treatment solution After being left at 30℃ for a specified period of time, those that remain in the same state as when prepared are marked with an ○, and those that are cloudy or precipitated are marked with an x. Resin adhesion rate The weight increase rate of treated fabric relative to untreated fabric is shown in %. Hue change Shown as the color difference ΔE between treated and untreated fabrics measured with a spectrophotometer. Melting Resistance (1) Glass Ball Test A glass hollow sphere weighing 1.5 g and having a diameter of 1.5 cm is placed in a crucible with a diameter of 3 cm and heated in an electric furnace. When the crucible has been heated to a predetermined temperature, the whole crucible is taken out and the glass bulb is dropped onto a cloth. Indicates the minimum heating temperature required for the glass hollow sphere to melt the cloth and fall to the bottom. (2) Cigarette contact test A lighted cigarette was held vertically against a cloth under its own weight, and then held for 30 minutes.
Observe the condition after contact for a second. The numbers indicate the size (diameter) of the melt pores. The numbers in parentheses indicate the size (diameter) of the focus. In order to test the washing resistance, the melt resistance test was carried out on the processed (unwashed) products and the products that had been washed 10 times in a row under the following conditions. Washing machine: Hitachi PF2000 blue sky standard cycle (washing)
12 minutes, other 13 minutes, total 25 minutes) Washing sample weight: 720g Detergent: 36g Water amount: 36 Temperature: 40°C Example 1 Polyester gear bagine dyed navy blue with disperse dye by conventional method (fabric weight 218g/m ² ) 100% by weight of the treatment solution shown in Table 1, and heated to 98% relative humidity and 102°C without drying.
Steam treatment for 10 minutes in the steam of
A soaping treatment was performed at 80° C. for 10 minutes using 2 g of a nonionic surfactant, followed by drying. Resin adhesion rate, color difference △E and melt resistance (before washing and 10
(after continuous washing) was measured. The results are shown in Table 2. Table 1 also shows the results of observing the stability of the treatment solution 24 hours and 48 hours after preparation.

【table】

【table】

[Table] As can be seen from the results in Tables 1 and 2, the stability of the treatment liquid in the method of the present invention is extremely excellent.
It is stable for more than 48 hours at 30℃, making it easy to operate, and the product has a small color difference △E and very little whitening. Moreover, it has excellent durability and melt resistance, making it extremely valuable as a commercial product. Become something. Example 2 Example 1 No. 2 on nylon knitted fabric (basis weight 340g/m ² )
Apply 100% by weight of the treatment solution at a relative humidity of 100% and 100% by weight.
Heat treatment was performed at ℃ for 10 minutes, unreacted compounds were washed off by soaping, and the mixture was dried. The treated cloth has no dull color and no holes were observed in the cigarette contact test.
The scar was also small. On the other hand, in the untreated cloth, 3 mm pores were observed after 5 seconds of contact, and 7 mm pores were observed after 10 seconds of contact.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Synthetic fibers containing at least one selected from the group consisting of (a) aqueous ammonia, (b) ammonium chloride, (c) melamine derivatives, and (d) polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, and salts thereof. A method for melt-proofing synthetic fibers, which comprises applying a treatment liquid containing one kind of hydrophilic polymer and then subjecting the fibers to a moist heat treatment. 2. The processing method according to claim 1, wherein the melamine derivative is a methylol derivative of melamine. 3. Claim 2 in which the methylol derivative of melamine is hexamethylolmelamine, pentamethylolmelamine or trimethylolmelamine.
Processing method described in section. 4. The processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the salts of polyacrylic acid and polymethacrylic acid are alkali metal salts or ammonium salts. 5. The processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the treatment liquid contains 5 to 40 parts by weight of the hydrophilic polymer based on 100 parts by weight of the melamine derivative.