JPS6143468B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to an improved melt-proofing method for synthetic fibers using melamine derivatives. One of the common drawbacks of synthetic fibers is that they are easily perforated or deteriorated by contact with cigarette smoke, spark powder, etc., which not only reduces their commercial value, but also poses a great danger to the human body. Can be mentioned. From this point of view, there have been requests from various quarters for synthetic fibers to have melt-proofing properties. Conventional methods for melt-proofing synthetic fibers include the method described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 12479/1983, in which a mixed aqueous solution of a melamine derivative and an inorganic acid, an organic acid, or a salt thereof is applied, and then heat-treated in the presence of moisture; Tokkosho adding anionic surfactant to mixed aqueous solution
The method described in Japanese Patent No. 49-32760 is known.
Furthermore, a mixed aqueous solution of a melamine derivative, an acidic catalyst, and an anionic surfactant is attached to the JP-B 53-7, which is left at room temperature to prevent water evaporation.
Methods such as those described in Japanese Patent No. 19719 are also known, but although the fibers obtained by these methods have melt-proofing properties, they have the disadvantage of causing a change in the hue of the processed cloth, that is, a so-called whitening phenomenon. In addition, there is also a method described in JP-A-54-93198, in which an aqueous solution containing a melamine derivative is applied without a catalyst and then heat treated, and a method described in JP-A-54-93198, in which an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble polymer compound and a melamine derivative is applied without a catalyst and then heat treated. Methods described in JP-A-54-106692 are also known, but although these methods alleviate the whitening phenomenon, they lack adhesion and reproducibility, require high-pressure equipment, and cannot obtain a sufficient amount of adhesion. As a result, there was a drawback that the washing resistance of the anti-melt effect deteriorated. Therefore, we have conducted extensive research to improve these drawbacks and provide a melt-proofing method for synthetic fibers that does not cause the so-called whitening phenomenon, has clear color tone, and has wash resistance. Special application was first made in 1984.
Patent application No. 123474 was filed, but this method used a treatment solution containing a melamine derivative, a salt of polyacrylic acid, and an inorganic acid salt catalyst, and required moist heat treatment. Although this method achieved the desired effect,
We have continued our research to find out whether it is possible to obtain the desired effect more efficiently and at a lower cost, and have achieved the present invention. The purpose of the present invention is to provide synthetic fibers with wash-resistant and melt-proofing properties without the need for inorganic acid salt catalysts or moist heat treatment, by an industrially very easy and inexpensive method, and without causing the so-called whitening phenomenon. and to provide a method capable of imparting water absorbency. The method of the present invention involves applying an aqueous treatment liquid containing a melamine derivative and at least one hydrophilic polymer selected from the group consisting of polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, and salts thereof to synthetic fibers, and then It is characterized by being left at room temperature in a state that prevents transpiration. Synthetic fibers applicable to the present invention include polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, acrylic fibers, polyolefin fibers, etc., and these can be used in any form such as cotton, yarn, woven or knitted fabrics, or nonwoven fabrics. Furthermore, these synthetic fibers can be used by blending, interweaving, or interweaving with each other or with non-thermofusible fibers such as natural fibers. The melamine derivatives applicable to the present invention include commonly known melamine derivatives, such as hexamethylolmelamine, pentamethylolmelamine,
Examples include methylol derivatives such as trimethylolmelamine, hexakismethoxymethylolmelamine, trismethoxymethylolmelamine, trismethoxymethylmelamine, dimethylolmelamine, and bismethoxymethylmethylolmelamine. Among these, it is particularly preferable to use hexamethylolmelamine, pentamethylolmelamine, and trimethylolmelamine. The salts of polyacrylic acid and polymethacrylic acid used in the present invention are water-soluble salts, and are preferably alkali metal salts or ammonium salts. Polyacrylic acid and the like may be not only linear polymers but also crosslinked and branched ones. Regarding the degree of polymerization of polyacrylic acid, for example, if the solid content is 40%, the viscosity is
20,000 cps or less, preferably 2,000 cps or less is easy to use, but it is not limited to this. In the method of the present invention, a melamine derivative compound and a hydrophilic polymer are applied to synthetic fibers as an aqueous treatment solution, mainly an aqueous solution. The concentration of the melamine derivative compound in this treatment solution varies depending on the texture of the target fiber, processing conditions, type of hydrophilic polymer, concentration, etc., but is usually 3 to 20% by weight, preferably 5% by weight.
~15% by weight. The concentration of the hydrophilic polymer also varies depending on the conditions mentioned above, but it is usually 0.1 to 10% by weight.
0.5-5% by weight is preferred. The amount of hydrophilic polymer is usually 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of melamine derivative in the treatment solution.
It is used in a proportion of ~40 parts by weight, preferably 10-35 parts by weight. When used within this range, the effect of preventing whitening and improving the washing durability of anti-melting properties is remarkable. Note that it is easier to use the treatment liquid at room temperature in terms of operation. A surfactant may be added to the treatment liquid of the present invention, and the surfactant is preferably an anionic surfactant. The anionic surfactant promotes the formation of a film formed by the melamine derivative and the hydrophilic polymer, and a nonionic surfactant may be used in combination to promote permeability. Anionic surfactants include: For example, soap, carboxylic acid anion activator of sarcosinate, higher alcohol sulfate ester salt, sulfated oil,
Anion activators based on sulfate ester salts such as sulfated fatty acid esters and sulfated olefins, sulfonate anion activators such as alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, Igepon T, Aerosol OT, and lignosulfonates. , higher alcohol phosphate ester salts, phosphate ester salt-based anion activators, and the like. These active agents are generally used in an amount of 0.01 to 1% by weight. The treatment liquid can be applied to the fibers by any suitable method such as a pad method, a dyeing method, a spray method, or a coating method. The fibers to which the treatment liquid has been applied are then left at room temperature (eg, 10° C. or higher, but lower than 40° C.) without drying, for example, by rolling them up and covering them with a film or the like to prevent moisture evaporation. The standing time varies depending on the room temperature and composition of the processing agent, but is generally preferably 24 hours or more. In addition, it is desirable to rotate the product when it is left to prevent resin adhesion spots from occurring. Next, by combining an anionic surfactant and an alkali, heat soaping, water washing, drying, finishing setting, etc. are performed to obtain a final product. According to the method of the present invention as described above, it is possible to easily obtain a synthetic fiber product with excellent washing durability and melt resistance without causing dullness of hue.
Furthermore, the texture of the product does not harden due to processing and can be made into a flexible product. This is because hydrophilic polymers such as polyacrylic acid are crosslinked with melamine derivatives, contributing to prevention of whitening, improvement of texture, and improvement of washing durability due to anti-melting effect. Next, examples of the present invention will be shown. The test results in the examples are based on the following method. Resin adhesion rate Indicates the weight increase rate of treated fabric compared to untreated fabric. Hue Change The color difference ΔE between treated and untreated fabrics measured using a spectrophotometer is shown. Melting Resistance (1) Glass Ball Test A glass hollow sphere weighing 1.5 g and having a diameter of 1.5 cm is placed in a crucible with a diameter of 3 cm and heated in an electric furnace. When heated to a predetermined temperature, the whole crucible is taken out and the glass bulb is dropped onto a cloth. Indicates the minimum heating temperature required for the glass hollow sphere to melt the cloth and fall to the bottom. (2) Cigarette contact test Hold a lit cigarette vertically against a cloth under its own weight and observe the condition after contact for 30 seconds. The numbers indicate the size (diameter) of the melt pores. The numbers in parentheses indicate the size (diameter) of the focus. Water Absorption: 0.03cc of water is dropped and the time required for the water droplets to disappear is shown. In addition, the washing durability of melt-proofing property and water absorption property was tested at the same time, and the washing conditions were as follows. Washing machine: Hitachi PF2000 Aozora manufactured by Hitachi, standard cycle (12 minutes for washing and 15 minutes for other operations, total 25 minutes). Washing sample weight: 720g Detergent amount: 36g Water amount: 36 Temperature: 40°C Number of washes: 10 times Example 1 Polyester gear bagine (fabric weight 218 g/m ² ) dyed navy blue with disperse dye by a conventional method was washed. An aqueous treatment solution having the composition shown in Table 1 was padded to 100% by weight, rolled up into a roll, sealed with a polypropylene film to prevent water evaporation, and while rotating the roll at low speed, the solution shown in Table 1 was applied. I left it for a while.
After that, it was soaped with a cleaning solution at 60℃ containing 1 g of anionic surfactant and 0.5 g of soda carbonate.
Washed with water and dried. For treated cloth, resin adhesion rate,
Table 2 shows the results of measuring color difference, water absorption, and melt resistance. As is clear from the results in Tables 1 and 2,
The method of the present invention exhibits excellent melt resistance, sufficient washing durability, almost no whitening phenomenon, and therefore only a slight decrease in color clarity. It also exhibits durable water absorbency. On the other hand, in Comparative Example No. 9, although melt-proofing properties were imparted, a whitening phenomenon occurred and the clarity of the color decreased, and sufficient water absorbency was not developed. Also, comparative example No. 10,
As is clear from No. 11, if the ratio of polyacrylic acid to 100 parts by weight of the melamine derivative is less than 5 parts by weight, satisfactory results cannot be obtained in terms of melt resistance, anti-whitening properties, and water absorption; If the temperature exceeds that level, water absorption and anti-whitening effects can be observed, but the melt resistance decreases.

【table】

【table】

[Table] Example 2 Example 1 No.1 on nylon knitted fabric (basis weight 340g/m ² )
100 wt. After that, anionic surfactant 1g/, soda carbonate 0.5
Cloths that were soaped with a 60°C cleaning solution containing g/, washed with water, and dried had no dull color, no pores were observed in the cigarette contact test, and the marks were small. Additionally, when a 0.03cc water droplet was dropped on cloth, it penetrated in 11 seconds. On the other hand, in the untreated cloth, pores of 3 mm were observed after 5 seconds of contact with a cigarette, and 7 mm of pores were observed after 10 seconds of contact. Also, when a 0.03cc water droplet was dropped on a cloth, it took 30 seconds for the droplet to disappear.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 Synthetic fibers containing (a) a melamine derivative, and (b) at least one hydrophilic polymer selected from the group consisting of polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, and salts thereof, 100: 1. A method for melt-proofing and water-absorbing synthetic fibers, which comprises applying an aqueous treatment liquid at a weight ratio of 5 to 40, and then allowing the fibers to stand at room temperature while preventing moisture evaporation. 2. The processing method according to claim 1, wherein the processing liquid contains a surfactant. 3. The processing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the melamine derivative is a methylol derivative of melamine. 4. The processing method according to claim 3, wherein the methylol derivative of melamine is hexamethylolmelamine, pentamethylolmelamine or trismethoxymethylolmelamine. 5. The processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the salts of polyacrylic acid and polymethacrylic acid are alkali metal salts or ammonium salts.