JPH0213682B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to improvements in a method and device for automatically performing road shoulder concrete, sidewalks, concrete seals, etc., and allows for slight manual construction even when obstacles such as guard posts are installed. The present invention relates to an automatic concrete forming apparatus that allows most parts to be machined by simply performing the process, and more specifically relates to an expandable formwork in the automatic concrete forming apparatus.

Devices for automatically forming road shoulder concrete, sidewalks, and side gutters are known.

The known automatic forming apparatus is of a movable vehicle type, and a fresh concrete charging hopper is provided on the vehicle platform, and the fresh concrete is charged into the formwork from the hopper. The shape of the formwork is the cross-sectional shape of roadside concrete, etc., and the poured fresh concrete is molded into the specified shape.

However, the known automatic concrete forming apparatus has the following drawbacks.

When the formwork installed on both vehicles moves forward, it cannot move forward if there is an obstacle such as a guard post in its advancing position. For this reason, construction can only be carried out in areas where there are no obstacles.

If the distance between the obstacles is long, it may be possible to construct only those distances by machine, and manually construct only the front and rear of the obstacles, but in cases where there are many installed at short intervals, such as guard posts, this is rarely the case. Mechanical construction is not possible.

In addition, when conventional automatic concrete forming equipment is used to mechanically construct the intermediate part of the obstacle and hand-concrete the front and back of the obstacle, the area for hand-concrete construction becomes too large, resulting in high costs, increased work time, and the need for more workers. This will require an increase in

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a split formwork for use in a forming apparatus that allows the formwork to displace and bypass the obstacle when it encounters an obstacle during automatic concrete forming. It is something.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 are a plan view and a side view showing an example of a conventional automatic concrete forming apparatus.

Although the illustrated automatic concrete forming apparatus is shown as a vehicle, it could also be tracked.

The chassis 1 moves in the direction indicated by the arrow P in the figure using the front and rear wheels 2.

Mixed fresh concrete is shot 3
is dropped onto the spiral conveyor 4, transferred on the spiral conveyor 4, and dropped into the falling hopper 5.
will be transferred to.

The ready-mixed concrete put into the falling hopper 5 is put into a formwork for ready-mixed concrete (6 in FIG. 3, which will be described later) provided at the bottom of the falling hopper 5.
The shape of both sides is determined by the formwork 6.

Next, when the chassis 1 moves in the direction P, fresh concrete is formed by the both side walls and the top wall of the finishing formwork (7 in Figure 3, which will be described later), and the concrete is automatically paved as shown in K in the figure. .

A in Fig. 3 is a front view showing an example of the formwork;
B is a sectional view taken along line AA in A. The formwork 6 into which the fresh concrete is first poured is continuous with the formwork 7 having an external shape to be formed and finished, and the external form of the formwork 7 is gradually reduced to the final shape, and the final end 7l is the final shape. It is becoming.

Fresh concrete dropped from the falling hopper (5 in Figures 1 and 2) is deposited as shown in M in the figure. Since the molds 6 and 7 move in the P direction of (B), M is formed by 7 and completely finished at 7l.

In the above-mentioned known automatic concrete forming apparatus, the formworks 6 and 7 are fixed, and when the position of the formworks is to be changed, the entire chassis 1 must be moved.

Now, when constructing concrete on roads, there are places where there are obstacles such as guard posts. In such a case, automatic mechanical construction is impossible with the above-mentioned known apparatus.

In such cases, the vehicle has to be bypassed by turning the steering wheel, but since the work is connected to a ready-mixed concrete truck, belt conveyor, etc., there is a loss of working time and the labor involved in reconnecting, resulting in high costs. .

In addition, in the case of bypassing, there will be unfinished construction areas before and after the guard post by an amount corresponding to the length of the formworks 6 and 7 in the advancing direction. In the end, construction work will be done by hand, which will result in higher costs.

This can be explained with reference to Fig. 4. Before the guard post 8, the finishing process is completed even though the process of pouring fresh concrete by _H1 , which corresponds to the length of the formworks 6 and 7 in the advancing direction, is completed. There will be some places where there is no. Furthermore, when starting construction after bypassing the guard post 8, a length corresponding to the length of the formwork 7' (often including a part of the formwork 6') in the advancing direction is added.
Only H ₂ will require late construction.

Although it is desirable to completely eliminate the above (H ₁ +H ₂ ), it is difficult and expensive to implement. Note that here, the width of (H ₁ + H ₂ ) plus the outer diameter of the guard post 8 is officially the final construction area, but the width of the guard post 8 has been omitted.

In the present invention, the above (H ₁ +
_H2 ) as much as possible, thereby reducing the need for manual construction even if there are obstacles such as guard posts, and enabling concrete construction to be performed at low cost and in a short time.

In order to concrete-seal the roadside where the guard posts are installed, the formworks 6 and 7 only need to have frame portions 9 through which the guard posts 8 pass, as shown in FIG. That is, even if the formworks 6 and 7 advance and face the guard post 8, there is no need for a bypass because the guard post 8 passes through the frame portion 9 erected on the formworks 6 and 7.

However, in the formworks 6 and 7 shown in FIG. 5, a construction portion _H3 corresponding to the width of the guard post 8 is formed. This unfinished portion _H3 , which extends linearly in the direction of travel, must be manually constructed, which requires considerable work cost and time, and is still not sufficient.
Additionally, this method has drawbacks such as height restrictions and inability to use obstacles other than guard posts.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, it was decided to expand and contract the formworks 6 and 7 in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the direction of movement P.

That is, when the formworks 6 and 7 face the guard post 8, they contract in the direction _Q1 in the figure, and when they pass the guard post 8, they expand as shown in _Q2 in the figure. During this time, the formworks 6 and 7 are moving in the P direction, but the movement may be intermittent or continuous.

In the method shown in FIG. 6, the construction finish is the same as that shown in FIG. 4. That is, (H ₁ + H ₂
At the end of the process, there is a part to be constructed, which must be constructed by hand. However, in the method shown in Fig. 4, the vehicle itself must be bypassed, whereas in the method shown in Fig. 6, only the formworks 6 and 7 need be bypassed for expansion and contraction, resulting in better workability. .

In addition to the method shown in FIG. 6, the methods shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B are also effective because there is no need to bypass the vehicle itself.

In the case of A in FIG. 7, when the formworks 6 and 7 face the guard post 8, they are lifted upward, and when they pass the guard post 8, they descend downward and start construction again. Even with this method, (H ₁ + H ₂ ) remains as the final construction part.

The structure shown in FIG. 7 (b) has a structure in which the formworks 6 and 7 rise and fall around the shaft 10, and when the formworks 6 and 7 face the guard post 8, they stand up and when they pass, they fall down. There is.

In the method shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 above, the displacement format is divided into horizontal expansion and contraction, vertical up and down, and circular arc direction undulating motion, but the forms 6 and 7 are displaced separately from the chassis. They agree on points.

As shown in Fig. 4, in each of the above displacement methods, a construction part occurs at the end of (H ₁ + H ₂ ), and depending on the type of formwork 6 and 7, the length in the advancing direction (H ₁ + H ₂ ) becomes too long. In the end, it may end up being no different from hand-built construction.

Therefore, the challenge is how to reduce the area of manual construction before and after the guard post.

In addition, in the above-mentioned displacement method, depending on the shape of the concrete to be formed and finished, it may not be possible to expand and contract or to raise or lower the concrete. That is, if the formwork 7 has a shape that can be pulled out, it can be expanded and contracted, moved up and down, and raised and lowered, but if the formwork 7 cannot be pulled out in the direction of movement, the above-mentioned displacement method may not be applicable.

Furthermore, even if it cannot be pulled out, it may be possible to pull it out through a combination of expansion/contraction, up/down, and up-and-down movements.

In the following description, a flat pavement will be described, but it is clear that the present invention includes other pavement shapes without changing the spirit thereof.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be illustrated with respect to the formwork portion in FIG. 8.

Referring to FIG. 8, the formwork includes a fixed formwork 7 and movable formworks 6, _{7 1} , 7 that can expand and contract with respect to the fixed formwork.
It consists of ₂ , 7 and ₃ .

The fixed formwork 7 has a hole portion 11 into which fresh concrete is poured, a bottom portion 12 for finishing beyond the top surface of the ready-mixed concrete K to be formed, and an end plate 13 for finishing one end surface of the K with a trowel. have.

The movable formwork 6 is for partitioning the ready-mixed concrete to be poured, and is a U-shaped box.

The movable formwork 7 ₁ has an end plate 14 ₁ for finishing the other end surface of the K, and a bottom part 15 ₁ for finishing the upper surface of the K in cooperation with the bottom part 12. Similarly to the movable formwork 7 ₁ , the movable formworks 7 2 and _{7 3} cooperate with the end plates 14 ₂ and 14 ₃ , which finish the other end face of K, and the bottom part 12 to finish the upper surface of K with a trowel. The bottom surface portions 15 ₂ and 15 ₃ are provided.

The movable formworks 6, ₇₁ , ₇₂ , and ₇₃ can be expanded and contracted individually by cylinders ₁₆₁ to ₁₆₄ provided on the fixed formwork 7.

The cylinder 16 ₁ that expands and contracts the movable formwork 6 is
It is installed avoiding the hole 11 so as not to become an obstacle to pouring fresh concrete. Therefore, the end plate 17 of the movable formwork 6 is extended in the traveling direction P, and the rod of the cylinder 16 ₁ is fixed to the extended portion 17 ₁ .

Front and rear side plates S of the movable formwork 7 ₁ to 7 ₃ in the direction of movement P
Although not necessarily a necessary configuration, by key-coupling each other, when the formworks 7 ₁ to 7 ₃ are extended, the trowel surfaces are ensured to meet and the strength is maintained. .

As the formwork advances in the P direction, each cylinder 16
Hydraulic pressure is applied alternately, and when the formwork faces an obstacle such as a guard post, the movable formwork is moved individually to the outside in the direction of the vehicle from the position of the obstacle on a horizontal plane perpendicular to the direction of movement of the formwork. Expand and contract in the direction to pass obstacles such as guard posts.

It is preferable that the frame body _S1 at the rear of the hole portion 11 in the direction of movement is positioned so as to fit inside the movable formwork 6, since a gap G will not occur between the end plate 17 and the end plate ₁₄₁ . It is clear that the present invention also includes this structure.

In addition, the mounting plate T is attached to each movable formwork 6, 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ ,
7 ₃ to suspend and hold the movable frame, and its structure can be designed in various ways, so a description thereof will be omitted.

Its action is shown in Figure 9.

First, when the formwork 6 faces the guard post 8 as shown in A, only the formwork 6 shrinks and becomes as shown in B.

Next, as the entire formwork advances and the first formwork ₇₁ faces the guard post 8 as shown in C, the first formwork ₇₁ also shrinks and the formwork 6 and the first formwork ₇₁ as shown in D Both of them are in a contracted state.

As the entire formwork progresses further, the formwork 6
extends and begins pouring fresh concrete. In this case, the operation of the cylinder 11 is controlled so that the formwork 6 extends immediately behind the guard post 8 as much as possible.

Subsequently, the guard post 8 faces the second formwork ₇₂ . Then, the second formwork ₇₂ shrinks and becomes the state shown below. In state F, the first formwork 7 ₁ and the second formwork 7 ₂ are contracted.

Subsequently, the first formwork ₇₁ is expanded to the state shown in FIG.

Subsequently, the third formwork ₇₃ faces the guard post 8 and becomes like a hole.

Subsequently, the third formwork ₇₃ shrinks and advances, and the second formwork ₇₂ expands to become as shown.

Proceeding further, the third formwork ₇₃ expands and becomes like a dog. This condition shows that concrete can be sufficiently poured from the immediate vicinity of the guard post.

In this way, the robot passes through the guard post 8 and performs normal operations until it reaches the next guard post position.

All of the above operations are performed by the operation of the cylinder 11 shown in FIG. 8, and the operation of the cylinder 11 is controlled by the following electro-hydraulic circuit.

First, referring to FIG. 10, the cylinder 11
11 ₁ is what is moved to the formwork 6, and 1
1 ₂₂ is formwork 7 ₁ , 11 ₃ is formwork 7 ₂ , 11 ₄ is formwork 7 ₃
It is something that allows you to move.

The oil in the oil tank 18 is sucked up by the pump 19, and the solenoid valves 20 ₁ , 20 ₂ , 20 ₃ ,
Cylinders 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ , 11 ₃ , 1 via 20 ₄
1 Feed to ₄ .

Each electromagnetic valve 20 sends the oil pressurized by the pump 19 to the protrusion side or the contraction side of each cylinder 11 on the one hand, and returns the oil in each cylinder 11 to the oil tank 18 on the other hand.

Assume now that all cylinders 11 are on the protruding side. Then, in order to contract the cylinder 11 ₁ , the solenoid valve 20 ₁ is switched to supply oil to the port 21 on the contraction side of the cylinder 11 ₁ . Then, the piston 22 of the cylinder 20 ₁ is pushed downward in the figure. On the other hand, oil is discharged from the port 23 on the protruding side of the cylinder 11 ₁ and returned to the oil tank 18 via the solenoid valve 20 ₁ .

The above operation is the same for the cylinder 11 ₂ and the solenoid valve 20 ₂ , the cylinder 11 ₃ and the solenoid valve 20 ₃ , and the cylinder 11 ₄ and the solenoid valve 20 ₄ , so a description thereof will be omitted.

By carrying out each of the above-mentioned operations, the operations shown in FIG. 9 are performed, but in order to perform these operations, each electromagnetic valve 20 must be switched over time. An example of a limit switch configuration for this purpose is shown in FIG.

Immediately before the formwork 6, a first limit switch 24 ₁ ,
Immediately before the formwork 7 ₁ is a second limit switch 24 ₂ ,
Immediately after entering the formwork 7 ₁ , a third limit switch 24 ₃ is provided, and similarly, a fourth limit switch 24 ₄ to an eighth limit switch 24 ₈ are provided as shown in the figure, and the respective limit switches 24 ₁ to 24 ₈ are provided.
A detection bar 25 is provided in a protruding manner. Detection bar 2
5 has a length that can come into contact with the guard post 8.

The first limit switch 24 ₁ and the third limit switch 24 ₃ are connected to the solenoid valve 20 ₁ , and the first limit switch 24 ₁ is connected to the cylinder 1
1 ₁ is retracted, and the third limit switch 24 ₃ extends the cylinder 11 ₁ .

The second limit switch ₂₄₂ and the fifth limit switch ₂₄₅ are connected to the solenoid valve ₂₀₂ , and the second limit switch ₂₄₂ is connected to the cylinder 1.
1 ₂ and the fifth limit switch 24 ₅ extends cylinder 11 ₂ .

The fourth limit switch ₂₄₄ and the seventh limit switch ₂₄₇ are connected to the solenoid valve ₂₀₃ , and the fourth limit switch ₂₄₄ is connected to the cylinder 1.
1 ₃ is retracted, and the seventh limit switch 24 ₇ extends cylinder 11 ₃ .

The sixth limit switch ₂₄₆ and the eighth limit switch ₂₄₈ are connected to the solenoid valve ₂₀₄ , the sixth limit switch ₂₄₆ contracts the cylinder ₁₁₄ , and the eighth limit switch ₂₄₈ extends the cylinder _114. .

In the circuits shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various design changes can be made without departing from the spirit thereof, and these are also included in the present invention. be.

For example, in addition to hydraulic circuits, various fluid and mechanical operations such as pneumatics, electric motors, link mechanisms, etc. can be applied. Further, as for the limit switch, a photoelectric type, a sonic type, etc. may be adopted.

As explained above, according to the present invention, the following remarkable effects are achieved.

As can be seen from the explanation of FIG. 9, since the formwork is divided into two or more parts, the construction length immediately before and after the guard post is shortened, and less manual construction is required.

Since the fresh concrete casting form cannot be divided at least, only the finishing form 7 is divided into an arbitrary number of pieces. In this case, the larger the number of divisions, the shorter the construction length before and after the guard post.

Since a fixed formwork is provided and the movable formwork is made to expand and contract with respect to the fixed formwork, the structure for expansion and contraction can be simplified.

If the amount of expansion and contraction of the movable formwork can be controlled, the paving width can be freely selected. In this case, the length of the detection bar provided on the limit switch must also be variable.

Since the expansion and contraction of the formwork is all automatically controlled, it is easy to handle and does not require any skill to operate.

Since the mechanism is mechanical, there are fewer malfunctions like with photoelectric systems.

Since it uses a hydraulic mechanism, it can generate a large amount of force and can sufficiently overcome the frictional resistance of concrete.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view showing an example of a conventional automatic concrete forming method and device, Fig. 2 is a left side view of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 A is a front view showing an example of a conventional formwork. Figure 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in Figure 4, Figure 4 is a diagram showing construction using a conventional formwork, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a formwork for passing the guard post, and Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing construction using a conventional formwork. Schematic plan view showing an example of the displacement method, seventh
A and B in the figure are cross-sectional views showing other displacement methods, FIG. 8 is a plan view of a formwork according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
Figures 1 to 10 are diagrams explaining the action of the present invention.
The figure shows an embodiment of the hydraulic system of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a control system for a solenoid valve in a hydraulic system.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In an automatic concrete forming device that dumps ready-mixed concrete into a formwork provided on the side of a vehicle and finishes the poured ready-mixed concrete into a predetermined external shape as the vehicle advances, the formwork is a fixed formwork. The fixed formwork consists of a hole part into which the ready-mixed concrete is poured, a bottom part that goes beyond the top surface of the poured ready-mixed concrete and is finished by troweling one end surface of the poured ready-mixed concrete. The movable formwork has a first formwork having a hole portion into which fresh concrete is poured and an end plate for finishing the other end surface of the ready-mixed concrete with a trowel, and the movable formwork has a hole portion into which the ready-mixed concrete is poured and an end plate for finishing the other end surface of the ready-mixed concrete with a trowel. consisting of one or more second formworks having a bottom part to be raised and an end plate to trowel finish the other end face of the fresh concrete,
By fixing the rod of the cylinder provided on the fixed formwork to the movable formwork, when the formwork faces an obstacle such as a guard post, the movable formwork extends to the outside of the position of the obstacle in the direction of the vehicle. A split formwork for an automatic concrete forming apparatus, characterized in that the formwork can be expanded and contracted individually in the direction of a horizontal plane perpendicular to the direction of travel of the formwork.