JPH029907B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Technical Field The present invention relates to an automatic soldering method and apparatus,
In particular, the waves of the molten solder ejected from the nozzle are arranged in vertical and horizontal directions by periodically reciprocating in the direction in which the printed circuit board travels and in a direction perpendicular to the direction of travel to facilitate the discharge of gas generated from flux during soldering. The present invention relates to an automatic soldering method and apparatus that can provide good soldering performance even for chip parts that have been soldered.

Prior Art Conventionally, when soldering electronic components to a printed circuit board, flux is applied to the soldering surface, so when high-temperature molten solder comes into contact with the flux, a large amount of gas is generated, and there is no place for this gas to escape. Otherwise, the molten solder will not be able to contact the points to be soldered, resulting in poor soldering, which is particularly noticeable when soldering chip components in which through holes are not formed on the printed circuit board. In order to eliminate this drawback, conventionally, jet-type automatic soldering equipment was used, or jet-type jets and normal jets were used together, but with either method, the structure became complicated. However, sufficient soldering performance was not obtained.

In order to eliminate such drawbacks, the applicant of the present application proposed the following in Japanese Patent Application No. 58-249029 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 60-145266):
Automatic soldering in which an aperture control member that changes the opening state of a nozzle through which molten solder is spouted is periodically reciprocated in the traveling direction of a printed circuit board, and the top surface of a wave crest of molten solder is periodically reciprocated in the traveling direction. The applicant's product "Pulse Soldering Yasin YSM-813D"
In the automatic soldering of printed circuit boards with chip components mixed therein, we have made it possible to efficiently discharge the gas mentioned above, and succeeded in significantly reducing soldering defects of chip components compared to the conventional example.

However, in the above invention, the opening control member is structured to reciprocate only in the advancing direction of the printed circuit board, and on the other hand, as shown in FIG. Since the wave crests 19 of the molten solder 3 may be arranged vertically and horizontally, the gas stagnant between the chip components 20 may not be sufficiently exhausted by simply moving the wave crests 19 of the molten solder 3 back and forth only in the direction in which the printed circuit board 13 moves. There were cases where this was not possible, and there was room for improvement.

Purpose The present invention has been made in order to eliminate the drawbacks of the prior art described above, and its purpose is to provide an opening for changing the opening state of the nozzle at the opening of the nozzle through which molten solder is spouted. By providing a control member, further providing a large number of protrusions in the longitudinal direction of the aperture control member, and reciprocating the aperture control member periodically in the traveling direction of the printed circuit board and in the perpendicular direction, the top surface of the wave crest of the molten solder can be controlled. By periodically reciprocating in both directions, even when soldering chip parts arranged vertically and horizontally on a printed circuit board, a single jet stream can be used to exhaust gas extremely well, further dramatically improving soldering performance. It is about improving. Another object of the present invention is to arrange the protrusions of the aperture control member alternately on the front and back sides of the printed circuit board of the aperture control member in the traveling direction, and to form the protrusions into a chevron shape. The aim is to smooth the vertical movement of the wave crest and the rocking movement of the aperture control member within the nozzle, thereby activating the reciprocating movement of the wave crest in both directions and improving the efficiency of gas discharge between the chip parts. The aim is to significantly improve Still another object is to provide a second actuating device for reciprocating the opening control member in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the printed circuit board;
By comprising a pin integrated with the rotating shaft of the opening control member and a grooved cam that is engaged with the pin,
By linking the aperture control member with the reciprocating movement of the printed circuit board in the traveling direction, the structure of the aperture control member can be simplified and the direction of movement of the wave crest surface of the molten solder can be doubled at low cost.

Configuration In short, the method of the present invention involves periodically reciprocating an opening control member that changes the opening state of a nozzle through which molten solder is spouted in the traveling direction of the printed circuit board, so that the top surface of the wave crest of the molten solder is adjusted in the traveling direction. At the same time, a large number of protrusions are provided at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the aperture control member, and the protrusions are periodically reciprocated by the aperture control member in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the printed circuit board. This is characterized in that the top surface of the wave crest of the molten solder is periodically reciprocated also in the perpendicular direction.

The apparatus of the present invention also includes an opening control member that is provided at the opening of the nozzle through which molten solder is spouted and changes the opening state of the nozzle, and a first operation that periodically reciprocates the opening control member in the traveling direction of the printed circuit board. and a control device electrically connected to the first actuating device and controlling the first actuating device, the aperture control member periodically controlling the top surface of the wave crest of the molten solder in the traveling direction of the printed circuit board. The aperture control member is configured to reciprocate and is provided with a large number of protrusions at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the aperture control member, and operates in synchronization with or independently of the first actuating device to control the aperture control. A second actuating device is provided that causes a member to periodically reciprocate in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the printed circuit board, and is configured to periodically reciprocate the top surface of the wave crest of the molten solder also in the perpendicular direction. It is characterized by:

The present invention will be explained below based on embodiments shown in the drawings. First, the present invention will be explained in detail in FIGS. 1 to 11.
To explain based on an example, in FIGS. 1 and 2, an intermediate layer 2 is provided within a solder layer 1, and molten solder 3 is sucked up from below as shown by an arrow A into the intermediate layer, and the molten solder 3 is sucked up from below as shown by an arrow B. An impeller 5 is provided to feed the solder to the nozzle 4 as shown in FIG. There is. A rectifying plate 6 made of a mesh plate is provided at the middle part of the nozzle 4 provided on the upper part of the intermediate layer 2, and an aperture control member is provided at the opening 8 of the nozzle 4 to control the opening state of the nozzle. 9 is provided, and the aperture control member includes a rotating shaft 9a rotatably supported on the edge 1a of the solder layer 1, and a flap 9b hanging downward from the rotating shaft.
The rotating shaft 9a is supported at the center of the nozzle 4. A large number of chevron-shaped protrusions 7 are fixed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the opening control member 9, and on the front and rear sides of the printed circuit board 13 in the traveling direction.

This protrusion 7 is, for example, a steel plate bent into an L shape and its bottom 7a fixed to the flap 9b by spot welding.As described above, the shape is upward with the top 7c of the protrusion 7b being the highest point. The opening control member 9 is formed in the shape of a chevron that slopes upward and downward, respectively, and has a shape that does not hinder the swinging of the opening control member 9 in the direction of arrow C or D within the opening 8 of the nozzle 4. Therefore, the rocking motion is made smoother. Further, by reciprocating the protrusion 7b in the directions of arrows E and F, the protrusion 7 also reciprocates the top surface 19a of the wave crest 19 of the molten solder 3 in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the printed circuit board 13. It was made so that it could be done. The protrusions 7 are arranged alternately at predetermined intervals on the front and back sides of the flap 9b of the opening control member 9 in the direction of movement of the printed circuit board 13.

3 to 6, the first actuating device 10
For example, a pulse motor M is used, and a second actuating device is provided for reciprocating the rotation shaft 9a of the opening control member 9 in its rotational direction and longitudinal direction via a coupling 12 to the rotation shaft 11 of the pulse motor M. 22 are provided. In the coupling ring 12,
A groove 12a is formed in which a drive pin 23 screwed onto the intermediate rotating shaft 17 engages and is slidable in the axial direction and restrains the drive pin in the rotational direction. The drive pin 23 is screwed onto the intermediate rotating shaft by its threaded portion 23a, and the intermediate rotating shaft 17 is
The large diameter portion 17a is formed in a stepped manner as shown in the figure.
is engaged with the coupling ring 12 together with the drive pin 23, and its small diameter portion is inserted into the hole 24a of the coupling ring 24 of the second actuating device 22 and fixed by the set screw 25, and one end of the rotating shaft 9a of the opening control member 9 is inserted into the hole 24a of the coupling ring 24 and fixed by a set screw 26. Further, the coupling 12 is fixed to the rotating shaft 11 of the pulse motor M by a set screw 28, and the coupling 12
A bush 29 made of, for example, oil-impregnated metal is press-fitted into the hole 12b. Further, the rotating shaft 11 of the pulse motor M is rotatably supported by a bracket 32 fixed to a base 30 by a set screw 31, and a spacer 33 is interposed between the bracket 32 and the coupling 12. has been done.

A pin 35 is screwed into the coupling ring 24 of the second actuating device 22 by its threaded portion 35a, and a rotatable hollow roller 36 is fitted into the pin, and a double nut 38 is inserted into the pin. Threaded part 3
It is rotatably attached to the pin 35 by being screwed onto the pin 5b. Roller 3 with pin 35
6 is a pair of bolts 39 and nuts 4 attached to the base 30.
Groove cam 41 of groove cam plate 41 fixed by 0
a and is configured to be able to reciprocate and slide within the grooved cam. Two holes 30a are formed in the base 30 for passing the bolts 39 through, and the diameter of the holes is considerably larger than the diameter of the shaft of the bolt 39, as shown in FIG. ,
The grooved cam plate 41 is configured to be able to be moved arbitrarily to the state shown by the solid line or the state shown by the imaginary line. The grooved cam plate 41a can be tilted in a direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft 9a or by a predetermined angle θ from the perpendicular direction, and when tilted by a predetermined angle θ, the rotating shaft 9a is swung. By rotating the roller 36 of the pin 35, the grooved cam 4
By reciprocating along the axis 1a, the rotating shaft 9a can also reciprocate in the directions of arrows E and F while swinging.

Although the shape of the grooved cam 41a of the grooved cam plate 41 is shown as a straight line in FIG. 6, it can also be an arcuate grooved cam 41a as shown in FIG. It is also possible to create any other profile depending on the situation.

A control device 14 is electrically connected to the pulse motor M, and the control device uses, for example, a microcomputer to control the pulse motor M. The control device 14 is provided with a digital switch 15, which is an example of an input device that can arbitrarily change and set the movement of the opening control member 9 by manual operation. The digital switch 15 is provided with, for example, four knobs (not shown) and a display section (not shown). and frequency can be set respectively, and the control device 1 can be set by inputting from the digital switch.
Reference numeral 4 controls the opening control member 9 via a pulse motor M.

Next, the present invention will be explained based on a second embodiment with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13. In this second embodiment, the second actuating device 22A is the second actuating device 22A of the first embodiment.
Since it is only different from the actuating device 22, only this will be explained, and the same parts as in the first embodiment will be given the same reference numerals in the drawings and the explanation will be omitted. Base 3
0, a reciprocating guide plate 44 is fixed by a set screw 43, and a pinion 45 fixed to the rotating shaft 11A of the pulse motor MA is attached to the reciprocating guide plate 44.
A guide groove 44a is formed into which a rack 46 is slidably fitted, and a pair of bearing parts 46b rising upward is formed in the rack 46, and each bearing part is made of oil-impregnated metal or the like. A bush 48 is press-fitted, and the small diameter portion 17b of the intermediate rotating shaft 17 is fixed to the bush by a set screw 25, and the rotating shaft 9a is held between the couplings 24 fixed by the setscrews 25.
4 are rotatably fitted together, restricting the movement of the coupling 24 in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 9a, and allowing the rotating shaft 9a to slide in the same direction by the reciprocating motion of the rack 46. Swinging of the rotating shaft 9a by the first actuating device 10 is allowed.

A control device 14A is electrically connected to the pulse motor MA, and a digital switch 15A, which is an example of an input device, is connected to the pulse motor MA. The reciprocating movement of the rotating shaft 9a in the rotational direction, that is, the reciprocating movement of the aperture control member 9 in the direction of movement of the printed circuit board 13 and the reciprocating movement of the aperture control member 9 in the direction perpendicular to the direction of movement are separately controlled. It is configured so that it can be

It goes without saying that the pinion 45 may be toothless as shown in the figure, or may be a completely circular pinion with no toothless portions.

The method of the present invention includes an opening control member 9 that changes the opening state of the nozzle 4 through which the molten solder 3 is spouted.
By periodically reciprocating the printed circuit board 13, the top surface 19a of the wave crest 19 of the molten solder 3 is periodically reciprocated in the traveling direction, and a large number of protrusions are formed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the opening control member 9. 7 is provided, and the projection is periodically reciprocated in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the printed circuit board 13 by the aperture control member 9, so that the top surface 19a of the wave crest 19 of the molten solder 3 is reciprocated periodically in the perpendicular direction as well. It is something that moves people.

Effects The present invention is configured as described above, and its effects will be explained below. First, from Figure 1 to Figure 1.
To explain the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, in order to automatically solder, for example, a chip component 20 to a printed circuit board 13 using the apparatus of the present invention, first operate each knob of the digital switch 15 to open the opening control member 9. Set the moving speed, amplitude, stopping time at the dead center of reciprocating motion, and vibration frequency. Then, the set values are displayed on each display section, and at the same time input is made to the control device 14, and a designated digital switch signal is sent to the pulse motor M based on the input. As a result, the pulse motor M reciprocates, and the opening control member 9 also reciprocates as shown by arrows C and D via the coupling 12.

At the same time, the second actuating device 22 is actuated and the coupling ring 24 reciprocates, so that the pin 35 also reciprocates in the same direction, and the roller 3 on the pin
6 reciprocates along the grooved cam 41a of the grooved cam plate 41. In this case, as shown in FIG. Due to the reciprocating rotation, the roller 36 has a motion component in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 9a due to the grooved cam 41, so the rotating shaft 9a reciprocates in the rotational direction and also in the axial direction. . Reciprocating motion of the rotating shaft 9a in the directions of arrows E and F is allowed. As a result, the opening control member 9 reciprocates in the directions of arrows C and D, and also reciprocates in the directions of arrows E and F in synchronization with this.

First, we will explain the effect when the opening control member 9 reciprocates in the direction of arrows C and D with reference to FIGS. 8 to 10. In FIG. 8, the flap 9b of the opening control member 9 rotates in the direction of arrow C. Then, the flow velocity of the molten solder 3 at the left opening 8L of the opening 8 of the nozzle 4 increases, and the top surface 19 of the wave crest 19 increases.
a is formed at the left end. That is, at this time, the molten solder 3 contacts only the chip component 20 on the left side, and does not contact the chip component 20 on the right side. Also, the molten solder 3 does not come into contact with the space between both chip parts 20. Therefore, the gas G generated in the space can easily escape to the right in the figure and is easily discharged.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, when the flap 9b comes to the neutral position, the left opening 8L and the right opening 8R of the opening 8 of the nozzle 4 have the same width, so the wave crest 19 becomes left-right symmetrical, and 2 top surface 19
a is formed, and both chip parts 20 are completely soldered in the absence of gas G.

Next, as shown in FIG. 10, the flap 9b
When rotated in the direction of arrow D, the opening 8R on the right side of the nozzle 4 becomes narrower, the flow velocity of the molten solder 3 in the opening 8R increases, and the top surface 19 of the wave crest 19 increases.
a is formed at the right end. As a result, the molten solder 3 no longer comes into contact with the chip component 20 on the left side and the space between both chip components 20, and even if gas G is present, the gas easily escapes to the left and is discharged. become.

In this way, the flap 9b is moved by the pulse motor M.
As a result of the reciprocating rotation, the top surface 19a of the wave crest 19 of the molten solder 3 reciprocates in the traveling direction of the printed circuit board 13 at a considerable speed, for example, about 20 times per second, and the generated gas G is this wave crest 19
It is pushed out and discharged by the movement of
Since the top surface 19a is moved many times while one chip component 20 passes through the wave crest 19, the gas G is completely discharged, the soldering is performed extremely smoothly, and no soldering defects occur. It disappears.

Next, in the device of the present invention, the opening control member 9
not only reciprocates as shown by arrows C and D, but also
Since the protrusion 7b of the protrusion 7 reciprocates in the longitudinal direction as shown by arrows E and F in synchronization with the reciprocation in the rotational direction, the protrusion 7b of the protrusion 7 moves the wave crest 19 of the molten solder 3 in the same reciprocation in the direction of the arrows E and F. It will be moved in a dynamic cycle,
As shown in FIG. 1, the top surface 19a of the wave crest 19 moves in both directions perpendicular to the traveling direction of the printed circuit board 13, and even if the chip component 20 is placed vertically and horizontally on the printed circuit board 13 as shown in FIG. Even if the gas G generated between the chip parts 20 is stagnant between these chip parts 20, the gas G is stagnated between the chip parts 20 by the reciprocating movement of the top surface 19a of the wave crest 19 in the right angle direction. is effectively eliminated, and the flap 9b of the aperture control member 9 is simply connected to the printed circuit board 13.
The gas G discharge efficiency is much improved compared to the case where the gas G is reciprocated in the traveling direction of the gas G.

Further, the stroke of the reciprocating movement of the opening control member 9 in the directions of arrows E and F can be freely changed by changing the angle θ of the grooved cam plate 41.
For example, when the grooved cam 41 is oriented perpendicularly to the rotating shaft 9a as shown by the solid line in FIG. 6, the stroke of the reciprocating motion in the directions of arrows E and F becomes zero. Further, if the shape of the grooved cam 41a is, for example, an arc shape as shown in FIG. 7, the movement will be more complicated. According to the structure of this first embodiment,
The second actuating device 22 is mechanically configured to reciprocate the rotary shaft 9a as shown by arrows E and F in complete synchronization with the first actuating device 10, so it can be implemented at extremely low cost.

Next, the operation of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 will be explained. The reciprocating movement of the opening control member 9 in the directions of arrows C and D is exactly the same as in the first embodiment, so the explanation will be omitted, and only the operation of the second actuating device 22A will be explained. 15A and control device 14
Since A is provided independently of the first actuating device 10, the pulse motor MA reciprocates independently of the pulse motor M, and the pinion 45 fixed to the rotating shaft 11A is connected to the pulse motor MA. As a result, the rack 46 reciprocates in the directions of arrows E and F, causing the coupling 24 to reciprocate via its bearing portion 46b, thereby causing the rotating shaft 9a to reciprocate. Become. Therefore, the second actuating device 22A operates completely independently of the first actuating device 10 by rotating the rotating shaft 9a, that is, the arrows E and F of the opening control member 9.
It is possible to freely change the direction of reciprocation. However, the structure of this second embodiment is more expensive than the structure of the first embodiment.

Note that the opening control member 9 is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and may be one in which the protrusion 7 is integrally molded with the flap 9b, and the actuating device 10 is not limited to the pulse motor M. The device is not limited to the digital switch 15 either.

Effects Since the present invention is configured and operates as described above, an opening control member for changing the opening state of the nozzle is provided at the opening of the nozzle through which molten solder is spouted, and the opening control member A large number of protrusions are provided in the longitudinal direction of the opening control member so that the aperture control member is periodically reciprocated in the traveling direction of the printed circuit board and in the right angle direction, so that the aperture control member is periodically reciprocated in both directions. Even when soldering chip components arranged vertically and horizontally on a printed circuit board, a single jet can be used to achieve extremely good gas discharge, resulting in a further dramatic improvement in soldering performance. There is. In addition, the protrusions of the aperture control member are arranged alternately on the front and rear sides of the printed circuit board of the aperture control member in the traveling direction, and the protrusions are formed in a mountain shape, so that the crest of the wave of the molten solder can move in the right angle direction and the inside of the nozzle can be controlled. The swinging motion of the opening control member in the chip can be made smooth, and as a result, the reciprocating movement of the wave crest surface in both directions can be activated, and the efficiency of gas discharge between the chip parts can be significantly improved. be. Furthermore, since the second actuating device for reciprocating the opening control member in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the printed circuit board is configured with a pin integrated with the rotating shaft of the opening control member and a grooved cam with which the pin engages, The reciprocating motion of the aperture control member in the direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the printed circuit board can be linked to the reciprocating motion in the traveling direction, and the structure can be simplified, and the movement direction of the wave crest surface of the molten solder can be controlled at low cost. This has the effect of being able to double the amount.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 11 relate to the first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a front longitudinal cross-sectional view of the main part of the solder layer, FIG. 2 is a side longitudinal cross-sectional view of the main part, and FIG. 3 is aperture control. A perspective view of the main parts showing the member, the first and second actuating devices, the control device and the input device, FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the main parts of the first actuating device, the second actuating device and the opening control member, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken in the direction of the arrows, FIG. 6 is a plan view of the part shown in FIG. 4, with parts omitted, and FIG.
FIG. 8 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view showing the state of the wave crest when the flap of the opening control member is rotated to the left end, and FIG. 9 is a similar vertical cross-sectional view when the flap is located at the center.
FIG. 10 is a similar vertical sectional view when the flap is rotated to the right end, FIG. 11 is a bottom view showing the mutual relationship of the opening control member to the printed circuit board on which chip components are arranged vertically and horizontally, and FIGS. 12 and 13. The figures relate to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view similar to FIG. 4, and FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view taken in the direction of the - arrow in FIG. 12. 3 is molten solder, 4 is a nozzle, 7 is a protrusion, 8 is an opening, 9 is an opening control member, 10, 10A is a first actuating device, 19 is a wave crest, 19a is a top surface, 22, 22
A is a second actuating device, and M and MA are pulse motors which are examples of actuating devices.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An aperture control member that changes the aperture state of a nozzle through which molten solder is spouted is periodically reciprocated in the traveling direction of the printed circuit board to direct the top surface of the wave crest of the molten solder in the traveling direction. Along with periodic reciprocation,
A large number of protrusions are provided at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the aperture control member, and the aperture control member causes the protrusions to periodically reciprocate in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the printed circuit board to control the crest of the wave crest of the molten solder. An automatic soldering method characterized by periodically reciprocating the surface also in the perpendicular direction. 2. An opening control member that is provided at the opening of the nozzle through which molten solder is spouted and changes the opening state of the nozzle;
a first actuating device that periodically reciprocates the opening control member in the traveling direction of the printed circuit board; and a control device that is electrically connected to the first actuating device and controls the first actuating device; The aperture control member is configured to periodically reciprocate the top surface of the wave crest of the molten solder in the traveling direction of the printed circuit board, and a large number of protrusions are provided at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the aperture control member. A second actuating device is provided that operates in synchronization with or independently of the first actuating device to periodically reciprocate the protrusion in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the printed circuit board by the aperture control member, the wave crest of the molten solder An automatic soldering device characterized in that the top surface of the automatic soldering device is configured to periodically reciprocate also in the perpendicular direction.