JPH033124B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH033124B2 JPH033124B2 JP57095123A JP9512382A JPH033124B2 JP H033124 B2 JPH033124 B2 JP H033124B2 JP 57095123 A JP57095123 A JP 57095123A JP 9512382 A JP9512382 A JP 9512382A JP H033124 B2 JPH033124 B2 JP H033124B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- color sensor
- oxygen concentration
- current ratio
- short
- circuit current
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
- F23N5/08—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は構造の異なつた燃焼機器に対して用い
ることのできる不完全燃焼状態の検知装置を提供
するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides an incomplete combustion state detection device that can be used for combustion equipment of different structures.
燃焼器具を密閉度の高い部屋で燃焼させた場合
時間経過と共に酸素濃度は減少し、さらに酸素不
足の状態に陥いると、燃焼器具は不完全燃焼を起
し、排ガス中には不燃ガスや一酸化炭素が増加し
てくるために生理上有害となり、時には死亡につ
ながる危険な雰囲気をかもし出していた。 When a combustion appliance is burned in a tightly closed room, the oxygen concentration decreases over time, and if the oxygen becomes insufficient, the combustion appliance will undergo incomplete combustion, and the exhaust gas will contain non-flammable gas and other gases. The increase in carbon oxide created a dangerous atmosphere that was physiologically harmful and could even lead to death.
このため空気中の酸素濃度を燃焼炎から検知す
る後述するような色センサを用いてこのような事
故を未然に防ぐ装置（特願昭56−73868号）が考
えられているが、この色センサの検知レベルは一
義的に決つており、酸素濃度を幅広く正確に検知
することができない欠点がある。すなわち、一般
に燃焼機器は酸素濃度が19％から18％のとき、不
完全燃焼が始まるといわれている。従つて、室内
に赤ん坊等空気の汚れに弱い人がいるような状況
や安全性、健康への影響を考えると、19％で換気
するのが良い。しかし、換気の回数が多くなる
と、部屋を暖めるための灯油の消費量が多くなる
という欠点がある。しかも、不完全燃焼（COの
発生）は酸素濃度だけでなく、燃焼器具の構造と
密接に関係している。（例：石油フアンヒータの
場合のO2濃度18.5〜19％が瞬間湯沸器の時のO2
濃度20％に対応する。）よつて、燃焼器具の構造
の変化に対応して、数々の酸素濃度に対する検知
レベルを設定し、換気をおこなうことが燃焼機器
の安全性、健康への影響、灯油の適切な消費を満
たすことにとつて重要であるが、これまでの色セ
ンサではそれができなかつた。 For this reason, a device is being considered to prevent such accidents using a color sensor (described later) that detects the oxygen concentration in the air from the combustion flame (Japanese Patent Application No. 73868/1982), but this color sensor The detection level is uniquely determined, and there is a drawback that oxygen concentration cannot be accurately detected over a wide range. In other words, it is generally said that incomplete combustion begins in combustion equipment when the oxygen concentration is between 19% and 18%. Therefore, if there are people in the room who are sensitive to air pollution, such as babies, and if we consider safety and the impact on health, it is better to ventilate at 19%. However, the disadvantage is that the more ventilation is performed, the more kerosene is consumed to heat the room. Moreover, incomplete combustion (CO generation) is closely related not only to the oxygen concentration but also to the structure of the combustion appliance. (Example: The O 2 concentration for an oil fan heater is 18.5 to 19%, while the O 2 concentration for an instantaneous water heater is 18.5% to 19%.
Corresponds to a concentration of 20%. ) Therefore, in response to changes in the structure of combustion appliances, setting detection levels for various oxygen concentrations and providing ventilation will satisfy the safety of combustion appliances, health effects, and appropriate consumption of kerosene. However, conventional color sensors have not been able to do this.
本発明は上記の問題点を鑑みなされたもので、
色センサにフイルタ効果を持たせることにより、
検知レベルを調整し、各種燃焼器における不完全
燃焼検知を正確に行えるようにしたものである。
まず灯油気化式燃焼器に色センサを付設した場合
について図面を参照して説明する。 The present invention was made in view of the above problems,
By adding a filter effect to the color sensor,
The detection level is adjusted to accurately detect incomplete combustion in various combustors.
First, a case in which a color sensor is attached to a kerosene vaporizing combustor will be described with reference to the drawings.
第１図は気化式燃焼器の正面図であつて、１は
油タンク２を１側に備えた燃焼器本体である。３
は油タンク２と連通した気化器で液体灯油を気化
ガスに変換する。４はこの気化ガスを燃焼させる
ブンゼン式のバーナで、当該気化ガスはここで還
元炎５、酸化炎６からなる青炎として燃焼する。
７はバーナ４を囲繞する如く設けられた炉で上方
に排気口８を有する。この排気口８からの熱気９
は本体１内の後部に設けられたフアン（図示せ
ず）で温風として本体１前面に送風される。１０
は上記炉７の酸化炎６に対応した位置に穿設され
た透視窓で、その外周部には断熱材１１を介して
〓字状の素子取付アングル１２がビス１３でもつ
て締着されている。１４は上記アングル１２で挿
通固定された保護管でその一端に色センサ１５が
設けられている。この保護管１４は素子１５の保
護と同時にその性能を向上させるため外部からの
光をしや断する役目も兼ねている。１６は素子１
５のリード線である。なお素子１５の取り付け位
置（Ｘ…高さ）はバーナ面上から10〜50mmの適当
な位置にするが、青炎との関係で最適位置を選べ
ばよい。 FIG. 1 is a front view of a vaporization type combustor, and 1 is a combustor main body equipped with an oil tank 2 on one side. 3
Converts liquid kerosene into vaporized gas using a vaporizer connected to the oil tank 2. Reference numeral 4 denotes a Bunsen type burner that burns this vaporized gas, where the vaporized gas is burned as a blue flame consisting of a reducing flame 5 and an oxidizing flame 6.
A furnace 7 is provided to surround the burner 4 and has an exhaust port 8 above. Hot air 9 from this exhaust port 8
is blown to the front of the main body 1 as warm air by a fan (not shown) provided at the rear of the main body 1. 10
is a see-through window drilled at a position corresponding to the oxidizing flame 6 of the furnace 7, and a square-shaped element mounting angle 12 is fastened to the outer periphery of the window with a heat insulating material 11 interposed therebetween with screws 13. . Reference numeral 14 denotes a protective tube inserted through and fixed by the angle 12, and a color sensor 15 is provided at one end of the protective tube. This protective tube 14 serves to protect the element 15 and also to block light from the outside in order to improve its performance. 16 is element 1
This is the lead wire of No. 5. The mounting position (X...height) of the element 15 is set at an appropriate position of 10 to 50 mm from the burner surface, but the optimum position may be selected in relation to the blue flame.
色センサの構造及び等価回路を第３図ａ，ｂに
示す。Ｐ層１７とＮ層１８とのPN接合によるホ
トダイオード（受光素子）PD１は短波長感度が
大であり、Ｐ層１９とＮ層１８とのPN接合によ
るホトダイオードPD２は長波長感度が大である。
なお、２０は絶縁膜、２１はＰ層１７に設けられ
た電極、２２はＮ層１８に設けられた電極、２３
はＰ層１９に設けられた電極である。上記両ホト
ダイオードPD１，PD２の短絡電流比ISC2／ISC1と
受光波長λとは第４図に示す如く、１：１の対応
関係を有している。従つて、逆に、両ダイオード
PD１，PD２の短絡電流比が判れば、受光した波
長すなわち色を識別することができるはずであ
る。しかしながらこの色センサは単一波長に対し
ては識別が正確であつても、燃焼炎のように複数
種類の波長を放射しているものをどのように識別
するかについては判然としていない。そこで酸素
濃度と、この時の燃焼炎の色に対する短絡電流比
との関係を実験により調べた処第２図ａの如く、
酸素濃度が19％まではその短絡電流比がほぼ一定
で、それ以下の酸素濃度になると、当該電流比が
急速に下降している。従つて、この立ち下がりを
検出することにより、不完全燃焼の開始を正確に
検知することができる。 The structure and equivalent circuit of the color sensor are shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b. A photodiode (light receiving element) PD1 formed by a PN junction between a P layer 17 and an N layer 18 has high short wavelength sensitivity, and a photodiode PD2 formed by a PN junction between a P layer 19 and an N layer 18 has high long wavelength sensitivity.
In addition, 20 is an insulating film, 21 is an electrode provided on the P layer 17, 22 is an electrode provided on the N layer 18, and 23
is an electrode provided on the P layer 19. As shown in FIG. 4, the short-circuit current ratio I SC2 /I SC1 of both photodiodes PD1 and PD2 and the light receiving wavelength λ have a 1:1 correspondence. Therefore, conversely, both diodes
If the short-circuit current ratio of PD1 and PD2 is known, it should be possible to identify the wavelength or color of the received light. However, although this color sensor is accurate in identifying a single wavelength, it is not clear how to identify something that emits multiple wavelengths, such as a combustion flame. Therefore, we conducted an experiment to investigate the relationship between the oxygen concentration and the short-circuit current ratio with respect to the color of the combustion flame, as shown in Figure 2a.
The short-circuit current ratio is almost constant until the oxygen concentration reaches 19%, and when the oxygen concentration becomes lower than that, the current ratio rapidly decreases. Therefore, by detecting this fall, the start of incomplete combustion can be accurately detected.
しかし、上記で示した色センサを用いる限りに
おいては、酸素濃度と色センサの短絡電流比の関
係が一義的に決まり、酸素濃度に対する検出レベ
ルが決まつてしまう。 However, as long as the color sensor described above is used, the relationship between the oxygen concentration and the short circuit current ratio of the color sensor is uniquely determined, and the detection level for the oxygen concentration is determined.
そこで本発明においては、上記で示した色セン
サの前に赤外フイルタを設置することにより検出
レベルを変え、この色センサを例えば瞬間湯沸器
に設置している。図２−ｂに示すように、色セン
サの前に赤外フイルタを設置することで、酸素濃
度と色センサの短絡電流比の関係が変わり、20％
までは、その短絡電流比がほぼ一定で、それ以外
の酸素濃度になると、電流比は急激に下降してい
る。従つて、この色センサを用いると、湯沸器の
不完全燃焼の開始を正確に検知することができ
る。 Therefore, in the present invention, the detection level is changed by installing an infrared filter in front of the color sensor shown above, and this color sensor is installed in, for example, an instantaneous water heater. As shown in Figure 2-b, by installing an infrared filter in front of the color sensor, the relationship between the oxygen concentration and the short-circuit current ratio of the color sensor changes, increasing by 20%.
Until then, the short-circuit current ratio is almost constant, and at other oxygen concentrations, the current ratio drops rapidly. Therefore, by using this color sensor, it is possible to accurately detect the start of incomplete combustion in the water heater.
上記実施例に示すように、色センサの前に赤外
フイルタを着脱自在に設置することで、酸素濃度
と色センサの短絡電流比の関係が変わり、検知レ
ベルを変えることができる。従つて、この発明に
よる色センサを利用して、燃焼機器における適切
な換気を行ない事故を防ぐと共に燃料を効率よく
利用することができる。 As shown in the above embodiment, by detachably installing an infrared filter in front of the color sensor, the relationship between the oxygen concentration and the short circuit current ratio of the color sensor changes, and the detection level can be changed. Therefore, by using the color sensor according to the present invention, it is possible to properly ventilate combustion equipment, prevent accidents, and use fuel efficiently.
なお、上記実施例は色センサの前にフイルタを
設置して、色センサ内の２組のホトダイオードの
波長感度を変えたが、素子の接合の深さを変える
ことによつて、フイルタ効果を持たせてよい。 In the above embodiment, a filter was installed in front of the color sensor to change the wavelength sensitivity of the two sets of photodiodes in the color sensor, but it is also possible to create a filter effect by changing the junction depth of the elements. You can let me.
叙上のように本発明によれば、色センサの前面
の赤外フイルタを着脱することによつて、酸素濃
度を対応する短絡電流比の立ち下がりを変えるこ
とが出来るので、燃焼器（例えば、石油フアンヒ
ータ、瞬間湯沸器）に応じた不完全燃焼の検知を
行う事が出来る。 As described above, according to the present invention, by attaching and detaching the infrared filter on the front side of the color sensor, it is possible to change the fall of the short circuit current ratio corresponding to the oxygen concentration. It is possible to detect incomplete combustion depending on the type of fuel (oil fan heater, instantaneous water heater).
第１図…気化式石油燃焼器の正面図、第２図
ａ，ｂ…色センサの短絡電流比と酸素濃度との関
係を示す特性図、ａ……赤外フイルタを装着しな
い色センサによる測定、ｂ……赤外フイルタを装
着した色センサによる測定、第３図ａ，ｂ…色セ
ンサの構造図及び等価回路図、第４図…第３図色
センサの短絡電流比−波長特性を示す特性図。
符号、１５：色センサ。
Figure 1...Front view of a vaporizing oil combustor, Figure 2 a, b...Characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the short-circuit current ratio of the color sensor and oxygen concentration, a...Measurement with a color sensor without an infrared filter installed , b...Measurement by a color sensor equipped with an infrared filter, Figure 3a, b...Structure diagram and equivalent circuit diagram of the color sensor, Figure 4...Figure 3 shows the short-circuit current ratio-wavelength characteristics of the color sensor. Characteristic diagram. Code, 15: Color sensor.
Claims (1)
せて構成した色センサを燃焼炎からの光を受光す
る位置に設け、この色センサの酸素濃度に対する
短絡電流比の立ち下がりを検出して不完全燃焼を
検知するようにした不完全燃焼検知装置におい
て、 前記色センサの前面に前記酸素濃度に対する短
絡電流比の立ち下がりを変化せしめる赤外フイル
タを着脱するようにした ことを特徴とする不完全燃焼検知装置。[Claims] 1. A color sensor configured by combining a plurality of light-receiving elements with different wavelength sensitivities is provided at a position where it receives light from a combustion flame, and the fall of the short-circuit current ratio with respect to the oxygen concentration of this color sensor is detected. In the incomplete combustion detection device for detecting incomplete combustion, an infrared filter that changes the fall of the short-circuit current ratio with respect to the oxygen concentration is attached to and detached from the front of the color sensor. Incomplete combustion detection device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9512382A JPS58210411A (en) | 1982-06-02 | 1982-06-02 | Detector for imperfect combustion |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9512382A JPS58210411A (en) | 1982-06-02 | 1982-06-02 | Detector for imperfect combustion |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS58210411A JPS58210411A (en) | 1983-12-07 |
| JPH033124B2 true JPH033124B2 (en) | 1991-01-17 |
Family
ID=14129048
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9512382A Granted JPS58210411A (en) | 1982-06-02 | 1982-06-02 | Detector for imperfect combustion |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58210411A (en) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5934252B2 (en) * | 1976-10-02 | 1984-08-21 | 国際技術開発株式会社 | flame detector |
| JPS5612764A (en) * | 1979-07-12 | 1981-02-07 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Manufacturing method for semiconductor device |
| JPS5769492A (en) * | 1980-10-18 | 1982-04-28 | Horiba Ltd | Flame sensor |
-
1982
- 1982-06-02 JP JP9512382A patent/JPS58210411A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS58210411A (en) | 1983-12-07 |
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